The Plan of St. Gall a study of the architecture & economy of & life in a paradigmatic Carolingian monastery |
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LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
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| V.18.1. |
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| VI. |
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 | The Plan of St. Gall |  |
LAYOUT AND DESIGN
Hic caulas ouium caute dispone tuarum
Here lay out with care the enclosures of your
sheep
The House for Sheep and Shepherds (fig. 493) lies between
the Goat House and the road leading to the Church. Its
center room is labeled simply "the main room" (ipsa
domusm);[651]
the chambers to the left and right of the entrance,
as "bedrooms of the shepherds" (cubilia opilionum); the
U-shaped area around the living room, as "sheepfold"
(caulae; see fig. 493).[652]
The position of this house near
the Church may reflect the symbolic identification of the
Good Shepherd with Christ, and sheep with the faithful.
PLAN OF ST. GALL. HOUSE FOR SHEEP AND SHEPHERDS
493.
493.X SITE PLAN
Sheep and goats were the smaller livestock accommodated by facilities on the Plan of St. Gall; then, as now, they remain important as a kind
of all-purpose animal, their by-products of milk, wool or hair, and meat being prime resources in the life of any self-sustaining community.
In the partly or fully nomadic civilizations of the ancient Near East, power and social standing depended to a large extent on the number and
size of flocks an individual owned. The care and protection of these creatures called for men of brave, hardy disposition, exacting vigilance,
and unremitting devotion. The image of men so qualified who performed these important tasks impressed itself on the inhabitants of the two
great Near Eastern river valleys and their hinterlands with such force that it became an integral part of the concept of sovereignty associated
with ancient kings and gods who, in official imagery, were portrayed holding shepherds' staffs.
The concept was inherited by Christianity and brought close to every faithful soul through the famous parable (Luke 15: 4-7) in which the
Good Shepherd, in forgiving a repentant sinner, rejoicing carries the lost sheep back to the fold. The Church became the herd of God, the
sheep, believers. Later, bishops and abbots both adopted the shepherd's staff as ceremonial emblem of their leadership and guardianship within
the Church
494. UTRECHT PSALTER (CA. 830). PSALM L (51)
UTRECHT, UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, CODEX 32, fol. 29r (detail)
[Courtesy of the Utrecht University Library]
Nathan is portrayed beside a flock of sheep, goats, and cows. Portions not illustrated here show the parable of the ewe-lamb; and Nathan
upbraiding King David for having Uriah slain and taken Bathsheba his wife—events that occurred when Psalm L was written, and which are
described in II Samuel, xi-xiii.
| The Plan of St. Gall | |