Han shih wai chuan Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs |
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CHAPTER VI Han shih wai chuan | ||
14
Mencius exercised his eloquence on King Hsüan of Ch`i, who
was not pleased. Ch`un-yü K`un was in attendance.[1]
Mencius
said, "Today I exhorted your ruler, but he was not pleased. I
suppose that he does not know what good is?"
Ch`un-yü K`un said, "Master, it is only that you are really not
good. Of old when Hu-pa played the cither, the fishes of the deep
came out to listen; and when Po-ya played the lute, his six horses
raised their heads from their feeding.[2]
If even fishes and horses
know what is good, how much the more must a prince[3]
[know it]."
Mencius said, "Lightning and thunder occur and split bamboo,
break trees, and convulse the empire, but they are not able
suddenly[4]
to make the deaf have hearing. The brightness of sun
and moon everywhere illumines the world, but it is not able
suddenly[4]
to make the blind have sight. Now it is like this with
your ruler."
Ch`un-yü K`un said, "Not so. Of old when I-fêng lived in
Kao-shang, the people of Ch`i were fond of singing.[5]
When Ch`i
Liang's wife grieved and wailed, people praised her voice.[6]
Truly,
`There is no sound so faint as not to be heard, and no conduct so
Lu, how is it that the state of Lu is being dismembered?"
Mencius said, "If the sage is not employed, [the result is ruin];
how can there be [only] dismemberment?[8]
The fish [large
enough] to swallow a boat does not dwell in a shallow pool, nor
does the gentleman of capacity dwell in a polluted world. [Just
as] plants, when winter comes, must wither, so have I too my
seasons."
The Ode says,[9]
Or [why was it] not after me?
This line occurs in Hsün-tzŭ 1.11a, Shên-tzŭ 22b, Lun hêng 2.16a. It is quoted
three times in Li Shan's com. on Wên hsüan (16.37a, 31.13a, 18.13b) and twice in
Li Hsien's com. on Hou-Han shu (80B.16b, 60.13a) with minor variants. (Chao 153.)
For Po-ya's lute playing, cf. HSWC 9/5.
Mencius 434 (6B/6) has Mien Ch`ü [OMITTED] for [OMITTED], which latter Chu Ch`i-fêng
(TT 325) thinks is a misreading of the cursive forms of [OMITTED]. For [OMITTED] Mencius has
[OMITTED] T`ang.
Mencius, loc. cit., has "The wives of Hua Chou and Ch`i Liang bewailed their
husbands so skilfully, that they changed the manners of the state."
CHAPTER VI Han shih wai chuan | ||