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Han shih wai chuan

Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs
Han, Ying
  
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PREFACE
  
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
  
Technical Terms
  
History of the Text and Editions

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CHAPTER V
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CHAPTER IX
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CHAPTER X
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APPENDIX
  
BIBLIOGRAPHY
  
TABLE OF UNUSUAL ORTHOGRAPHIES
  
FINDING LIST
  
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES
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previous sectionCHAPTER VIII Han shih wai chuan
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4[1]

When Ts`ui Chu of Ch`i assassinated Duke Chuang,[2] Ching
K`uai-jui[3] was on a mission to Chin. As he returned, [his driver
said, "Ts`ui Chu has assassinated Duke Chuang. What shall you
do?"

257

Ching K`uai-jui said, "Drive quickly. I am going to enter
(the capital) and die so as to repay my prince."][4]

His driver said, "None of the neighboring feudal lords in every
direction but has heard of the lack of principle on the part of our
ruler. Is it not a difficult thing to expect you, Master, to die
for him?"

Ching K`uai-jui said, "Well said![5] [But it comes too late.]
Had you spoken earlier, I might have remonstrated. Then if he
failed to make use of my remonstrance, I would have been able to
leave. But now since I did not remonstrate and did not leave—
as I have heard, `You eat his food and you die for his cause.'
Since I have eaten the food of a bad prince,[6] how am I to get a
good prince[7] to die for?" And making haste in his chariot he
entered [the capital] and died.[8]

The driver said, "If a man with a bad prince[6] must still die
for him, can I, who had a good master,[9] do anything but die?"
And tying the reins, he cut his throat in the chariot.

On hearing of this the superior man says, "It can be said of
Ching K`uai-jui that he preserved his virtue and died for his
principles (i). The driver, however, had no reason to die. It was
like encountering poison in eating or drinking.[10] The Ode says,[11]

Never idle, day or night,
In the service of the One man.
258

This could be said of Master Ching. The I [ching] says,[12] `One
who does not continuously maintain his virtue. There are those
who will impute this to him as a disgrace.' This could be said of
the driver."

 
[1]

SY 4.13a-b tells this story in essentially the same words, but tempers the conclusion
—which the Ssŭ-k`u editors (Ssu-k`u . . . ti-yao 16.11a) found objectionable—by
quoting from Mencius instead of I ching; see notes 10, 12.

[2]

Cf. HSWC 2/13.

[3]

For [OMITTED] SY has Hsing K`uai-wai [OMITTED]. Ching and hsing are easily
confused from their similarity of form, while [OMITTED] *ńi̯wad and [OMITTED] *ngwed are possible
phonetic equivalents. Chu Ch`i-fêng's suggestion (TT 1850) that SY has confused
this person with the Heir Apparent of Wei, K`uai-wai [OMITTED] is possible, but in view
of the frequency of variants in the writings of old names, hardly necessary.

[4]

[OMITTED] ○ [OMITTED] ○ [OMITTED].
CHy adds this from SY.

[5]

[OMITTED]. Yü Yüeh ([OMITTED] 2.10b) interprets [OMITTED] as [OMITTED] "you" in
in this phrase.

[6]

[OMITTED]: a prince who is uncontrolled in his own actions and who gives his state
the opposite of good government.

[7]

[OMITTED] by contrast with [OMITTED]: "a governing prince."

[8]

[OMITTED]. Omit [OMITTED] with CHy as in SY. (Chao 189.) It is probably an
echo of the [OMITTED] in the preceding line.

[6]

[OMITTED]: a prince who is uncontrolled in his own actions and who gives his state
the opposite of good government.

[9]

[OMITTED] is intelligible from the parallel construction [OMITTED] and its opposite [OMITTED]
above.

[10]

I. e., accidental death, with no moral implications; cf. HSWC 10/7. SY's "superior
man" is more generous: "Although the death of the driver cannot be considered as
coinciding with what was proper under the circumstances (i), still it shows the quality
of the determined officer." [OMITTED].

[11]

Shih 543 No. 260/4, likewise quoted by SY.

[12]

Yi King 126 (32/ [OMITTED]). SY here quotes from Mencius 262 (3B/1.2): "The
brave officer never forgets that he may lose his head."

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