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Han shih wai chuan

Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs
Han, Ying
  
[title page]
  
PREFACE
  
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
  
Technical Terms
  
History of the Text and Editions

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CHAPTER V
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CHAPTER VII
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CHAPTER VIII
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CHAPTER IX
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CHAPTER X
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APPENDIX
  
BIBLIOGRAPHY
  
TABLE OF UNUSUAL ORTHOGRAPHIES
  
FINDING LIST
  
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES
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62

23[1]

I-yin left Hsia and joined Yin. T`ien Jao left Lu and went to
Yen. Chieh Tzŭ-t`ui left Chin and retired to the mountains.[2]
T`ien Jao served Duke Ai of Lu, but was not noticed. He[3] said
to Duke Ai, "I am going to leave Your Highness for a heron
flight."

Duke Ai said, "What do you mean?"

He said, "Has Your Highness never seen the cock? On his
head he wears a cap: he has civil culture. To his legs are attached
spurs: he is possessed of martial qualities. Faced with an enemy,
he dares fight: he has courage. When he gets[4] food, he calls his
companions: he has fellow-feeling (jên). When he keeps watch
at night, he does not miss the time: he is trustworthy. The cock
is possessed of these five virtues, [yet] Your Highness still has him
boiled and eats him every day. Why is this? It is because the
place he has come from is near at hand.

Now take the heron: he goes a thousand li at a flight and stops

63

at the pond in Your Highness' garden. He eats your fish and
turtles and pecks up your wheat and millet.[5] He lacks these five
[virtues], yet Your Highness honors him[6] because the place he
has come from is far away. I am going to leave Your Highness
for a heron flight."

Duke Ai said, "Wait while I write down your words."

T`ien Jao said, "I have heard that one who eats another's food
should not damage the vessels it is served in, and that one taking
shelter under a tree should not break off its branches. Why then
write down the words of a minister of whom you have made no
use?"

In the end he left and went to Yen. Yen made him minister,
and within three years the government of Yen was in order and
the country was without thieves or bandits.

Duke Ai heaved a great sigh, and because of that occurrence
kept away from the inner rooms for three months. He abolished
the punishment of branding and cutting off the nose, saying, "If
care were not exercised before, and there was [reason] for regret
afterwards, how could replacement be made?" The Ode says,[7]

We will leave you
And go to that happy state;
Go to that happy state—[8]
There we shall find ourselves right.
 
[1]

Hsin hsü 5.13b-14a.

[2]

Chao (59) says, "These three sentences summarize three episodes that have no
connection with the following text, and it is to be suspected that they represent a
commentary written at the side that has been wrongly entered into the text, or
perhaps they were the beginning of the preceding section about I-yin's leaving Hsia,
in which case it is the more certain that there has been something omitted after them.
If we look for system in the structure of the text, the preceding section deals with
I-yin's leaving Hsia and going to Yin, and quotes from the first stanza of Shih 172
No. 113; this section deals with T`ien Jao's leaving Lu and going to Yen, and quotes
from the second stanza of the same poem; so the following section should have the
story of Chieh Tzŭ-t`ui's leaving Chin and retiring to the mountains, and quote from
the third stanza of the same poem. That our text lacks it should mean it has been
lost. Hsin hsü 7.13a-b has the episode . . . and actually does quote stanza three of
the same poem. This supports the supposition. Another possibility is that HSWC 2/21
mistakenly writes `Chieh-yü, the madman of Ch`u, left Ch`u and retired to the mountains'
for `Chieh Tzŭ-t`ui left Chin and retired to the mountains.' In that case it
should quote the third stanza and not the first."

[3]

[OMITTED] is here repeated. Lei-chü 91.6a, TPYL 916.7b, Chih-yao 8.21a, Li Shan's
commentary on Wên hsüan 28.28b all omit the two characters. TPYL 204.1a and
Hsin hsü have them, but omitting them gives a smoother reading. (Chao 59-60.)

[4]

Lei-chü, Chih-yao, TPYL, loc. cit., and Hsin hsü all have [OMITTED] for [OMITTED]. Po t`ieh
29.47a has [OMITTED] and Li Shan's commentary, loc. cit., has [OMITTED]. Chao remarks that the
old form of [OMITTED] was ⊙[b] , which is easily confused with [OMITTED].

[b]

For this character, see the table on p. 358.

[5]

[OMITTED]: Lei-chü, Li Shan's commentary, loc. cit., TPYL 918.6a have
[OMITTED] "rice and millet." (Chao 61.)

[6]

Chih-yao, loc. cit., has [OMITTED] "Why is it Your Highness still honors
him?" This parallels the sentence above, and Chao thinks it should be added here.

[7]

Shih 172 No. 113/2.

[8]

Cf. HSWC 2/21, note 8.

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