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Han shih wai chuan

Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs
Han, Ying
  
[title page]
  
PREFACE
  
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
  
Technical Terms
  
History of the Text and Editions

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CHAPTER X
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APPENDIX
  
BIBLIOGRAPHY
  
TABLE OF UNUSUAL ORTHOGRAPHIES
  
FINDING LIST
  
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES
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27[1]

Duke Ching of Ch`i employed a man to make a bow. It took
three years to finish, but when Duke Ching shot with the bow [the
arrow] would not pierce a single[2] layer of armor. Duke Ching
was angry and was going to have the bow-maker put to death.
The bow-maker's wife went to see Duke Ching and said,

"I am the daughter of a man of Ts`ai[3] and the wife of the
bow-maker. To the south of Mt. T`ai is the `crow-caw' chê tree;[4]

282

there are [also] the horn of a red ox,[5] the sinew of deer in Ching,[6]
and the glue from the fish of A.[7] These four articles are the choice
materials of the empire. It is not right that [a bow made of them]
should pierce so few layers of armor as this. Besides, I have heard
that [even] Duke Hsi's chariot was not able to move by itself, and
though [the sword] Mo-yeh[8] was sharp, it could not cut by itself,
but must have someone to wield it. Now the technique of archery
consists in holding [the bow in] the left hand as though it were
a carpenter's square, with the right hand as though resting on a
branch,[9] with the palm [cupped] as though grasping an egg, and
the four fingers [extended] like sticks broken off short. When the
right hand releases [the arrow], the left hand is not aware of it.
This in general is the technique of archery."

Adopting this method, Duke Ching shot with the bow and
pierced seven layers of armor. The husband of the woman of Ts`ai
was at once set at liberty.

The Ode says,[10]

Loving the correct and the straight.

 
[1]

This story occurs in LNC 6.5b-6a, with Duke P`ing of Chin [OMITTED] for Duke Ching
of Ch`i.

[2]

For [OMITTED] read [OMITTED] with Shu-ch`ao 125.2a and LNC. Chao (206) suggests that [OMITTED]
may be a repetition from [OMITTED] above.

[3]

[OMITTED]. CHy, B, C, D have [OMITTED] for [OMITTED]. LNC has [OMITTED] Fan for [OMITTED].

[4]

[OMITTED]: cf. Hsü Shên's com. on Huai-nan tzŭ 1.5b: [OMITTED]
[OMITTED]
[OMITTED]. "The wu-hao is a chê mulberry
tree. Its wood is firm and strong. When a crow which has built its nest on a limb
of this tree makes ready to fly, the branch bends down with force sufficient again to
raise up the nest. The crow follows [the branch as it moves], unable to fly, and caws
as it sits there. Such branches are cut to make bows, and from this are called wu-hao
(`crow-caw') bows." (Cf. Chavannes, Mém. hist. 3.489 note 2). Hsŭ Shên also gives
an alternative etymology for wu-hao.

[5]

[OMITTED]: cf. Li Ki 1.590: [OMITTED] "The victim was red, that being the
color preferred by the [Chou] dynasty." (Legge 1.428.) LNC has [OMITTED] for [OMITTED]; see
note 7 for the "horn from Yen."

[6]

For [OMITTED] Ch`u-hsüeh chi 22.11b has [OMITTED] "bow ends," which makes no sense. (Chao.)
Chou remarks that they bound bows with sinew.

[7]

For [OMITTED] read [OMITTED] with D and LNC; cf. TPYL 347.8b: [OMITTED]
[OMITTED] "Horn from Yen is superior, sinew from Ch`u is fine, glue from A is sticky."
(Chao.)

[8]

D has [OMITTED] for [OMITTED].

[9]

For [OMITTED] read [OMITTED] with Shu-ch`ao and LNC.
(Chou, Chao.) B, C, D have [OMITTED] for [OMITTED].

[10]

Shih 366 No. 207/5. LNC quotes the rather more appropriate lines from Shih
474 No. 246/3: "The ornamented bows are strong,/And the four arrows are all
balanced."

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