Han shih wai chuan Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs |
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CHAPTER X Han shih wai chuan | ||
23[1]
Marquis Wên of Wei asked Li[2]
K`o, "What were the reasons
for the destruction of Wu?"
Li K`o replied, "Repeated victories in repeated battles."
Marquis Wên said, "Repeated victories are the good fortune of
a state. Why then was Wu of all countries destroyed?"
Li K`o replied, "After repeated battles the people are exhausted.
After repeated victories the ruler is overbearing. Being overbearing,
he is without restraint. Being unrestrained, he goes to
extremes.[3]
When superiors and inferiors were both in extremity,
the destruction of Wu was overdue even. This was how Fu-ch`ai
destroyed himself in Kan-sui."[4]
The Ode says,[5]
And has put an end to our king.
This seems to be derived directly from LSCC 19.17b-18b. Huai-nan tzŭ 12.5b
follows LSCC more closely, and Hsin hsü 5.8b has an abridged version.
For [OMITTED] the other versions read [OMITTED], the more usual character used in this man's
name. (Chou, CHy.)
CHy adds from LSCC: [OMITTED] "When things are exhausted,
[people] are resentful. When they are resentful, there is [cause for] the greatest concern."
Chou remarks that Fu-ch`ai died on Ch`in-yü-k`ang Mountain, where he was
buried. This information is supplied in Wu-Yüeh ch`un-ch`iu 5.71a, but neither Kuo
yü, nor Yüeh-chüeh shu mentions the place. On the other hand LSCC and Huai-nan
tzŭ also have Kan-sui, and Yü Yüeh (CYTT 17.9b-10a) thinks it represents an old
tradition, since it also is mentioned in Shih chi 69.11b. (Chao 245.)
CHAPTER X Han shih wai chuan | ||