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Han shih wai chuan

Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs
Han, Ying
  
[title page]
  
PREFACE
  
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
  
Technical Terms
  
History of the Text and Editions

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CHAPTER V
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CHAPTER VI
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CHAPTER VII
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CHAPTER VIII
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CHAPTER IX
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CHAPTER X
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APPENDIX
  
BIBLIOGRAPHY
  
TABLE OF UNUSUAL ORTHOGRAPHIES
  
FINDING LIST
  
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES
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previous sectionCHAPTER X Han shih wai chuan
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1[1]

Duke Huan of Ch`i pursued a white deer to the state of Maich`iu,
where he met a man. [The Duke] said, "Who are you?"[2]

The man replied, "I am a native[3] of Mai-ch`iu."

Duke Huan said, "What is your age, old man?"

He replied, "My age is 83."[4]

Duke Huan said, "A fine old age,"[5] and drank with him, saying,
"Old man, why not drink my health?"

He replied, "This rustic person does not know how rulers'[6]
healths are drunk."

Duke Huan said, "Why not apply your [form of] drinking a
health to me?"

The native raised his cup, bowed twice and said, "May my
Prince live long indeed. May gold and jade be cheap [in his eyes],[7]
and the people valuable."

318

Duke Huan said, "An excellent wish. I have heard that `perfect
virtue is not solitary,'[8] fine sayings must be in pairs. Why not
repeat it?"[9]

The man raised his cup, bowed twice and said, "May my Prince
love learning[10] and not dislike to ask questions. May there be
sages by his side, and may those with remonstrances have access
to him."

Duke Huan said, "An excellent wish! I have heard that `perfect
virtue is not solitary,' fine words must be in threes. Why not
repeat it?"[9]

The man raised his cup, bowed twice and said, "May his
ministers and people not offend against my Prince, and may my
Prince not offend against his ministers and people."

Duke Huan was not pleased and said, "This speech is not so
good as those first two.[11] May you change it."

The man burst into tears and said, "I hope Your Highness will
think about it carefully. This one speech is superior to the first
two. I have heard that a son who offends against his father can
ask pardon through his aunt or his sisters, after which his father
will forgive him. If a subject offend against his prince he can
ask pardon through [the prince's] attendants, after which prince
will forgive him. Of old Chieh offended against [T`ang, and Chou
offended against King Wu. These were princes who offended
against their][12] subjects. Down to the present [such] have never
had anyone to ask pardon on their behalf."

Duke Huan said, "Good. I owe it to the good fortune brought
me by my ancestral temple and the spiritual power of the altars to
Heaven and Earth that I got to meet you here." He helped him
[into his chariot] and rode off with him, driving the chariot himself

319

on the way back. He presented him in the ancestral temple and
then put him in charge of governmental affairs. Duke Huan owed
his bringing together the feudal lords and uniting the empire
without the force of arms not only to Kuan Chung but also to
this meeting.

The Ode says,[13]

Numerous is the array of officers,
And by them King Wên enjoys his repose.
 
[1]

YTCC 1.16a-b attributes this encounter to Duke Ching, with Yen-tzŭ along to
interpret the countryman's remarks. There is little verbal identity with HSWC or
with Hsin hsü 4.9a-b, which follows HSWC fairly closely.

[2]

For [OMITTED] CHy follows TPYL 736.3a to write [OMITTED]; Hsin hsü
also has [OMITTED]. Fragmentary citations from this paragraph occur also in TPYL 906.5a-b
and 383.4a. The former writes [OMITTED] and [OMITTED], possibly influenced by YTCC. Both
"citations" are no more than extremely condensed paraphrases. The case is a good
illustration of the danger of relying on such sources for the reconstruction of lost texts,
where any control is usually lacking. An integral quotation such as that in TPYL
736.3a of course is more useful, but even here there are many omissions and variants,
not all of which would have had textual justification.

[3]

For [OMITTED] the TPYL citations consistently write [OMITTED] as in YTCC. Chu Ch`ifêng
(TT 449) shows the two words are continually interchanged in old books. (Chao
239.)

[4]

YTCC has 85.

[5]

Add [OMITTED] after [OMITTED] with TPYL 736.3a, Lei-chü 18.26a; likewise Hsin hsü.
YTCC has only [OMITTED]. (Chao.)

[6]

CHy would emend [OMITTED] to [OMITTED] "my ruler."

[7]

Chao (230) and CHy would emend [OMITTED] to [OMITTED] in the phrase [OMITTED] to agree
with TPYL 906.5b, Hsin hsü, and the following [OMITTED]. TPYL 737.3a retains
[OMITTED] but completely alters the construction by prefixing [OMITTED].

[8]

Cf. Analects 172 (4/25).

[9]

For [OMITTED]? "improve on it," read [OMITTED] as suggested by Chou and Chao to agree
with TPYL 736.3a, Hsin hsü and YTCC.

[10]

[OMITTED]: delete [OMITTED] "gentlemen." (Chou.)

[9]

For [OMITTED]? "improve on it," read [OMITTED] as suggested by Chou and Chao to agree
with TPYL 736.3a, Hsin hsü and YTCC.

[11]

Chou would emend [OMITTED] to [OMITTED] "not the equal" after Hsin hsü. I follow TPYL,
loc. cit., to read [OMITTED]. (CHy.)

[12]

[OMITTED]. The text should be expanded to the TPYL reading: [OMITTED]
[OMITTED] (CHy). Chou would add substantially
the same words from Hsin hsü.

[13]

Shih 429 No. 235/3.

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