Han shih wai chuan Han Ying's Illustrations of the didactic application of the Classic of songs |
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![]() | CHAPTER III Han shih wai chuan | ![]() |
33[1]
The superior man does not respect foolhardiness in conduct;
in explanations he does not respect sophistry; and in fame he does
not respect notoriety. He respects only what is fitting. Now to
carry a stone and throw yourself into the river is hard to do, but
Shên-t`u Ti was capable of it.[2]
The superior man does not respect
mountains and streams are level, that heaven and earth are equal,[4]
that Ch`i and Ch`in are contiguous, that `it goes in the ear and
comes out the mouth,'[5] that a barb has whiskers,[6] and an egg has
hair:[7] these theories are difficult to uphold, but Têng Hsi and
Hui Shih were equal to it. The superior man does not respect
them, because [such paradoxes] are not in accord with the mean
of li and i. The notoriety of Tao-chih is in everyone's mouth;[8]
his fame is [glaring as] the sun and moon, and is transmitted without
interruption [to later generations] together with the fame of
Shun and Yü. The superior man does not respect him, as [such
notoriety] is not in accord with mean of li and i. Thus the superior
man does not respect foolhardiness in conduct; in explanations he
does not respect sophistry; and in fame he does not respect
notoriety. He respects only what is fitting. The Ode says,[9]
[OMITTED]: Yang Liang says this has not been satisfactorily explained
and gives two possibilities: "[The mouth] is the pass through a mountain, meaning a
mountain has ears and mouth. `When you shout at one mountain, the whole range
answers.' (Chuang-tzŭ 10.41a, Ssŭ-ma Piao's com.) This is [the idea of] a mountain
hearing a man's voice and answering it, and so [the text] says `it goes in the ear and
comes out the mouth.' Some say that what is meant by a mountain's having a mouth
is that it spits out and draws in clouds and mist."
Yü Yüeh (Chu-tzŭ p`ing-i 12.6b) says, "I suspect [OMITTED] is a phonetic borrowing for
[OMITTED], which is defined in Shuo wên as `an old woman' [OMITTED]. To say that old women
have beards when they have not is characterized as a hard theory to uphold."
[OMITTED]: Yang Liang says, "His praises have long been sung in the mouths
of men." As SY, loc. cit., has [OMITTED], Hao I-hsing would here emend to [OMITTED]. Yü
Yüeh (op. cit. 2.9a-b) makes [OMITTED] a phonetic borrowing for [OMITTED], and says the expression
is like "black-mouthed" [OMITTED] beasts of prey, which comes to the same general
meaning as in SY. Wang Hsien-ch`ien rejects these explanations and makes [OMITTED]
mean something like "stammer," but does not specify how it is to be fitted into the
context. I follow Yang.
![]() | CHAPTER III Han shih wai chuan | ![]() |