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A fresh look at the two versions of Henry V, in part aided by a computer analysis, contributes substantial new evidence to the view that Q Henry V originated as both a deliberate abridgment and a memorial reconstruction by actors who had taken part in the play. But my study reverses the commonly held view of the order of these two processes, for the players must have based their reconstruction on performances linked to the Folio version, not an intermediate and possibly authorized abridgment. The obvious signs of deliberate abridgment, then, were incorporated in the reporter/adapters' reconstruction, not derived from a (possibly authorized) theatrical abridgment that might have preceded the Quarto.

The implications are especially significant for editors, theater historians, and directors. As Gary Taylor pointed out in "Corruption and Authority in the Bad Quarto" (1979), the fluctuating correlation between Q and F helps identify the most likely reporters; it also allows an editor to evaluate which variants are likely to have authority in Q, for variants in closely parallel segments of Q may represent Shakespeare's intentions. If Q was reconstructed directly from a script linked to the Folio, these sections take on greater authority than if Q were based on an intermediate abridgment, making them even more useful to editors. Staging details in the Quarto, of particular interest to theater historians and directors, may preserve elements of the Globe staging rather than that of an abridgment, increasing the value of the Quarto.

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The cuts and other alterations in Q—probably the first deliberate abridgment of Henry V, designed, perhaps, as a promptbook for use in performances outside London—could also be of considerable interest to directors who themselves may need to prune the text for a particular theatrical purpose.

But at the same time, the authority of the alterations in Q decreases if the Quarto was reconstructed and abridged by actor/adapters. Gary Taylor, believing that Q may preserve a theatrical abridgment used by Shakespeare's company, argued that it contained a number of features that might have been approved by Shakespeare himself, including the substitution of Bourbon for the Dauphin in the Agincourt scenes, the replacement of Westmorland by Warwick, even the addition of Pistol's "Coup'la gorge" at the end of 4.6.[30] He incorporated each of these features of the Quarto (and others) in his two recent Oxford editions of Henry V. If, instead of Shakespeare, reporter/ adapters were alone responsible for these and other alterations in Q, their authority clearly diminishes. Although these changes are intriguing and significant since they characterize a version of Henry V printed in England in Shakespeare's time, they may be inappropriate in the text of an edition of Henry V that seeks to communicate Shakespeare's intentions.

250

Appendix

Table A: Henry V Folio Spoken Lines in Various Correlation Categories

	FX (F Only)	FA (All)	FM (Most)	FS (Some)	FP (Paraphrase)	F Total
All characters	1593	560	693	380	27	3253
Henry	474	198	239	118	11	1040
Fluellen	67	27	105	71	5	275
Canterbury	114	53	48	8	0	223
Chorus	223	0	0	0	0	223
Pistol	35	53	45	15	2	150
Constable	78	13	22	11	0	124
Exeter	12	73	34	8	0	127
Dauphin	74	11	24	8	0	117
Charles	67	2	11	13	2	95
Williams	22	8	23	18	1	72
Boy	38	8	12	10	1	69
Burgundy	64	0	0	4	0	68
Gower	23	27	14	3	0	67
Katherine	29	9	6	16	0	60
Montjoy	24	7	10	11	0	52
Orleans	32	11	5	1	0	49
Nym	9	10	21	6	0	46
Quickly	4	9	15	13	0	41
Ely	26	3	3	1	0	33
Bardolph	8	3	5	14	0	30
Alice	13	5	3	6	0	27
Isabel	23	0	0	0	1	24
MacMorris	19	0	0	0	0	19
Westmorland	9	1	6	3	0	19
Grandpre	18	0	0	0	0	18
Bates	10	1	2	4	0	17
Fr. Ambassador	0	4	7	3	3	17
Cambridge	8	4	2	1	0	15
French Soldier	8	0	3	3	1	15
Scrope	0	8	5	0	0	13
Grey	6	1	5	0	0	12
Jamy	11	0	0	0	0	11
Bedford	6	1	2	0	0	9
Bourbon	1	1	4	3	0	9
Britanny	4	0	3	2	0	9
Rambures	6	2	1	0	0	9
Salisbury	4	0	5	0	0	9
Erpingham	8	0	0	0	0	8
Fr. Messenger	3	1	3	0	0	7
Governor	0	4	3	0	0	7
Gloucester	3	1	0	1	0	5
Court	0	0	1	1	0	2
Eng. Herald	2	0	0	0	0	2
York	0	1	1	0	0	2
Warwick	1	0	0	0	0	1
Beaumont	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Clarence	0	0	0	0	0	0
Second Fr. Amb.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gebon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lord	0	0	0	0	0	0

251

Table B: Henry V Quarto Spoken Lines in Various Correlation Categories

	QX (Q Only)	QA (All)	QM (Most)	QS (Some)	QP (Paraphrase)	Q Total
All characters	55	624	735	183	32	1629
Henry	14	215	266	44	11	550
Fluellen	6	39	109	36	7	197
Canterbury	0	55	48	3	0	106
Chorus	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pistol	4	64	42	6	0	116
Constable	2	19	26	9	0	56
Exeter	1	70	35	2	0	108
Dauphin	0	9	10	3	0	22
Charles	5	4	12	6	5	32
Williams	1	11	23	10	1	46
Boy	2	11	15	2	0	30
Burgundy	1	0	1	2	0	4
Gower	0	29	15	1	0	45
Katherine	6	6	9	11	0	32
Montjoy	1	10	12	2	0	25
Orleans	1	5	5	4	0	15
Nym	2	12	20	6	0	40
Quickly	0	12	15	7	1	35
Ely	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bardolph	0	3	9	6	2	20
Alice	2	2	5	6	1	16
Isabel	0	0	0	0	0	0
MacMorris	0	0	0	0	0	0
Westmorland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grandpre	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bates	4	1	5	2	0	12
Fr. Ambassador	0	3	8	1	2	14
Cambridge	0	6	1	0	0	7
French Soldier	0	1	2	2	2	7
Scrope	0	10	3	0	0	13
Grey	0	1	3	1	0	5
Jamy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bedford	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bourbon	0	7	16	6	0	29
Britanny	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rambures	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salisbury	1	0	1	1	0	3
Erpingham	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fr. Messenger	0	2	1	0	0	3
Governor	0	4	3	0	0	7
Gloucester	1	3	5	2	0	11
Court	0	1	0	0	0	1
Eng. Herald	0	0	0	0	0	0
York	0	1	1	0	0	2
Warwick	1	2	3	1	0	7
Beaumont	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Clarence	0	1	1	1	0	3
Second Fr. Amb.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gebon	0	1	1	0	0	2
Lord	0	4	3	0	0	7

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Table C: Henry V Folio Witnessed Lines in Various Correlation Categories

	FX (F Only)	FA (All)	FM (Most)	FS (Some)	FP (Paraphrase)	F Total
All characters	1593	560	693	380	27	3253
Henry	266	155	185	101	7	714
Fluellen	99	111	104	45	1	360
Canterbury	58	48	61	16	3	186
Chorus	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pistol	63	58	85	46	7	259
Constable	193	60	59	25	2	339
Exeter	463	252	311	124	8	1158
Dauphin	160	49	45	27	2	283
Charles	185	50	49	31	2	317
Williams	79	30	59	56	4	228
Boy	40	20	31	26	2	119
Burgundy	83	7	17	14	2	123
Gower	139	111	177	92	4	523
Katherine	100	13	26	36	2	177
Montjoy	14	45	39	14	0	112
Orleans	141	17	33	9	0	200
Nym	35	31	51	34	3	154
Quickly	20	21	31	11	3	86
Ely	145	98	106	23	3	375
Bardolph	36	38	67	26	3	170
Alice	147	7	17	18	2	191
Isabel	124	7	17	18	1	167
MacMorris	45	0	0	0	0	45
Westmorland	177	200	197	52	3	629
Grandpre	7	1	0	1	0	9
Bates	54	4	21	35	5	119
Fr. Ambassador	0	21	22	6	0	49
Cambridge	55	48	45	7	0	155
French Soldier	22	25	25	11	1	84
Scrope	63	44	42	8	0	157
Grey	57	51	42	8	0	158
Jamy	53	0	0	0	0	53
Bedford	433	222	220	69	5	949
Bourbon	41	20	44	39	2	146
Britanny	100	45	40	24	2	211
Rambures	167	26	37	10	0	240
Salisbury	18	30	22	5	0	75
Erpingham	58	42	40	18	0	158
Fr. Messenger	79	2	1	1	0	83
Governor	8	0	0	0	0	8
Gloucester	435	253	309	130	9	1136
Court	64	5	22	38	5	134
Eng. Nerald	30	35	36	23	0	124
York	0	1	1	1	0	3
Warwick	274	153	214	97	7	745
Beaumont	66	1	0	1	0	68
Berri	62	41	31	17	1	152
Clarence	309	183	222	96	9	819
Second Fr. Amb.	0	25	29	9	3	66
Gebon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lord	373	147	182	92	6	800

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Table D: Henry V Quarto Witnessed Lines in Various Correlation Categories

	QX (Q Only)	QA (All)	QM (Most)	QS (Some)	QP (Paraphrase)	Q Total
All characters	55	624	735	183	32	1629
Henry	22	178	190	40	8	438
Fluellen	2	119	114	14	1	250
Canterbury	0	46	63	6	2	117
Chorus	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pistol	5	60	91	29	8	193
Constable	2	59	56	16	4	137
Exeter	19	265	326	47	8	665
Dauphin	1	39	40	7	4	91
Charles	6	56	54	14	1	131
Williams	6	34	81	16	5	142
Boy	0	24	33	14	3	74
Burgundy	9	12	15	8	2	46
Gower	7	124	185	40	5	361
Katherine	15	30	59	32	5	141
Montjoy	0	48	36	5	0	89
Orleans	3	68	61	20	3	155
Nym	0	41	50	17	3	111
Quickly	0	21	35	5	2	63
Ely	0	100	111	9	2	222
Bardolph	2	50	61	17	1	131
Alice	18	31	57	28	4	138
Isabel	10	12	16	10	2	50
MacMorris	0	0	0	0	0	0
Westmorland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grandpre	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bates	3	12	28	13	5	61
Fr. Ambassador	0	18	24	3	0	45
Cambridge	0	50	43	2	0	95
French Soldier	2	26	25	6	0	59
Scrope	0	46	41	2	0	89
Grey	0	55	41	1	0	97
Jamy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bedford	0	13	5	0	0	18
Bourbon	4	58	53	14	4	133
Britanny	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rambures	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salisbury	3	45	42	6	0	96
Erpingham	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fr. Messenger	0	3	1	0	0	4
Governor	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gloucester	21	205	200	35	6	467
Court	7	12	33	15	5	72
Eng. Herald	1	15	24	5	0	45
York	4	44	42	7	0	97
Warwick	16	106	156	32	6	316
Beaumont	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berri	1	43	34	9	3	90
Clarence	20	271	317	45	9	662
Second Fr. Amb.	0	21	32	4	2	59
Gebon	3	29	31	15	0	78
Lord	16	195	219	36	8	474