III.
Sect. 1. The judicial power of the United States, both in
law and equity, shall be vested in one supreme court, and in
such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time
ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and
inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour,
and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation,
which shall not be diminished during their continuance
in office.
Sect. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, both
in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws
of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be
made, under their authority. To all cases affecting ambassadors,
other public ministers and consuls. To all cases of
admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. To controversies to
which the United States shall be a party. To controversies
between two or more States; between a state and citizens of
another state; between citizens of different States; between
citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of
different States, and between a state, or the citizens thereof,
and foreign States, citizens or subjects.
In cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and
consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the supreme
court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other
cases before mentioned, the supreme court shall have appellate
jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions,
and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.
The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment,
shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state
where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when
not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such
place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.
Sect. 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist
only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their
enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be
convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses
to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment
of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption
of blood nor forfeiture, except during the life of the person
attainted.
