University of Virginia Library

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

• GENETIC ANOMALIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-49
• Menstruation, 17-Vicarious and compensatory, 18-From the skin, 18-From the breasts, 19-From the eyes, 23-From the ears, 24-From the mouth, 24-From the extremities, 25-From old ulcers, wounds, or cicatrices, 25-From the rectum or urinary tract, 26-After removal of the uterus or ovaries, 26-Hematemesis as a means of, 27-Migratory, 27-Postmortem, 27-Black, 27-Suppression of, 27-In man, 27-Vicarious, in the male, 28-During pregnancy and lactation, 28-Child-bearing after cessation of; 29-Precocious, 29-Protracted, 32-Late establishment of, 33-Precocious impregnation, 34-Twins born to a child mother, 38-Pregnancy before the appearance of menstruation, 38-Fecundity in the old, 38-Multiple births in the aged, 40-Impregnation without completion of the copulative act, 40-Artificial impregnation, 42-Unconscious impregnation, 45-Conception with deficient organs, 45-Conception soon after a preceding pregnancy, 46-Superfetation, 46-Children of different colors, 48.

CHAPTER II.

• PRENATAL ANOMALIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50-112
• Extrauterine pregnancy, 50-Termination of, 51-Abortion by the month, 52-Discharge of fetal bones by the rectum, 52-By the urinary passages, 53-Discharge of the fetus through the abdominal walls, 53-Combined intrauterine and extrauterine gestation, 54-Triple ectopic gestation, 57-Deli very of a viable extrauterine fetus, 57-Ultimate fate of viable ectopic children. 62-Long retention of extrauterine pregnancy, 62-long retention of uterine pregnancy, 63-Long continuation of fetal movements, 64-Duration of pregnancy, 66-Short pregnancies, 66-The incubator, 68-Prolonged pregnancies, 68-Unconscious pregnancy, 72-Pseudocyesis, 73-Sympathetic male nausea of pregnancy, 79-Perverted appetites of pregnant women, 80-Maternal impressions, 81-Paternal impressions, 85-Telegony, 86-Antenatal pathology, 89-Transmission of contagions diseases to the fetus in utero, 90-Small-pox, 90-Varicella, measles, pneumonia, and malaria, 91-Effects on the fetus in utero of medicine administered to the pregnant mother, 92-Intrauterine amputations, 94-Intrauterine fractures, 97-Multiple fetal fractures, 97-Results to the fetus of injuries to the pregnant mother, 98-Injuries about the genitalia, 98-Injuries from cattle-horns, 99-Major accidents in pregnant women, 100-Operations during pregnancy, 103-After-effects of abdominal hysteropaxy on subsequent pregnancies, 106-Coexistence of an extensive tumor of the uterus with pregnancy, 106-Protrusion of the membranes from the vulva several weeks before confinement, 107-Anomalies of the umbilical cord, 109-Anomalous causes of abortion, 109-Abortion of one twin, 110-Worms in the pregnant uterus, 111.

CHAPTER III.

• OBSTETRIC ANOMALIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113-143
• General considerations, 113-Painless births, 113-Birth during intoxication, 114-During hypnotism, 114-During sleep, lethargies, trances, etc., 114-Rapid parturition without usual symptoms, 116-Unusual places of birth, 119-Birth by the rectum, 120-Through perineal perforation, 121-Through the abdominal wall, 122-Of the fetus enclosed in the membranes, 122-Dry births, 123-Post-mortem delivery, 123-Antepartum crying of the fetus, 127-Cesarean section, 128-Repeated Cesarean section, 130-Cesarean section by the patient herself, 131-Abdominal section and delivery by cattle-horns, 133-Delivery by a cannonball, 134-Postmortem Cesarean section, 135-Rupture of the uterus during pregnancy, 137-Spontaneous rupture of the vagina, 138-Sloughing of the genitals after parturition, 138-Accidental extraction of the prolapsed pelvic organs, 139-Accidents incident to labor, 140-Symphysiotomy, 141-Delay in the birth of the second twin, 142.

CHAPTER IV.

• PROLIFICITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144-160
• General historic observations, 144-General law, and influence of war, 144-Influence of rural and urban life, 145-Effect of climate and race, 145-Ancient and modern prolificity, 146-Legal encouragement, 146-Old explanations of prolificity, 146-Greatest number of children at a single birth, 147-Proportion of multiple births, 147-Examples of multiple births, 148-Twins and triplets, 148-Quadruplets, 148-Quintuplets, 150-Sextuplets, 152-Multiple births over six, 152-Seven, 152-Eight, 153-Nine, 153-Eleven, 153-Twelve, 154-Thirteen, 154-Fifteen, 154-Repetition of multiple births, 154-Father of 87 children by two wives, 156-Extreme prolificity by single births, 157-Possibilities of paternity, 157-Multimarriages, 159-Possible number of descendants, 159-Animal prolificity, 160.

CHAPTER V.

• MAJOR TERATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161-212
• Monstrosities, 161-Ancient explanations, 161-Early teratology, 164-Double hermaphroditic terata, 165-Scientific teratology, 165-Artificial production of monsters, 166-Animal teratology, 166-Classification of monsters, 167-Triple monsters, 167-Double monsters, 167-Hindoo sisters, 168-Siamese twins, 168-Radica-Doddica, 171-Operations on conjoined twins, 172-Craniopagi, 173-Pygopagi, 174-Biddenden maids, 174-Helen and Judith, 177-Millie-Christine, 179-Rosa-Josepha Blazek, 179-Tynberg's case, 180-Ischiopagi, 181-Louis and Louise, 181-Marie-Louise and Hortense-Honorine, 182-Minna and Minnie Finley, 183-Jones twins, 183-Scottish brothers, 184-Ritta-Christina, 184-Tocci brothers, 186-Marie-Rosa Drouin, 186-Bicephalic monsters, 187-Edward Mordake, 188-Fantastic monsters, 189-Parasitic terata, 189-Lazarus-Joannes Baptista Colloredo, 191-Louise L-, 192-"Laloo,'' 192-"A-Ke,'' 193-Duplication of the lower body, 193-Blanche Dumas, 194-Mrs. B-, 194-Diphallic terata. 194-Jean Baptista dos Santos, 196-Fetus in fetu, 199-Dermoid cysts, 202-Multiple dermoids, 205-Hermaphroditism, 206-Interesting instances of, 206-Catherine or Charles Hoffman, 207-Marie Madeline Lefort, 207-Spurious hermaphroditism, 211-Law of evolution in hermaphroditism, 211-Neuter hermaphrodites, 212-Marie Dorothee, 212-Legal aspect of hermaphroditism, 212.

CHAPTER VI.

• MINOR TERATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213-323
• Ancient ideas relative to minor terata, 213-Teratoscopy, 213-Congenital detect of the epidermis, 217-Elasticity of the skin, 217-"Elastic-Skin Mau,'' 217-Dermatolysis, 217-Abnormal development of the scalp, 218-Impervious skin, 219-Albinism, 220-Partial albinism, 221-Melanism, 222-Human horns, 222-Anomalies of the hair, 226-Congenital alopecia, 226-Sexualism and hair-growth, 228-Bearded women, 228-Hypertrichosis, 230-"Dog-face men,'' 231-Nævus pilosus, 232-Hair and beard of great length, 234-Accidental growths of hair, 235-Anomalies of the color of the hair, 235-Sudden canities, 235-Temporary and partial canities, 238-Anomalous color-changes of the hair, 239 —Chemic colorations of the hair, 240-Curious causes of alopecia, 241-Anomalies of the nails, 241-Anomalies of dentition, 242-Triple dentition, 243-Edentulousness, 243-Excessive dentition, 244-Supernumerary teeth, 244-Extraoral dentition, 244-Anomalies of the head, 245-Life without a cerebrum, 246-Defective development of the cerebellum, 246-Microcephaly, 247-Artificial microcephaly, 248-Macrocephaly, 248-Largest healthy brains on record, 249-Hydrocephaly, 250 Deficiency of the cranial bones, 250-Anomalies of the maxillary bones, 251-Congenital absence of the nose, 252-Large and small noses, 252-Congenital division of the nose, 252-Macrostoma, 253-Microstoma, 252-Congenital atresia of the mouth, 253-Anomalies of the lips, 254-Hare-lip, 254-Congenital absence of the tongue, 254-Bifid and supernumerary tongues, 255-Large and small tongues, 256-Anomalies of the palate and uvula, 256-Of the epiglottis, 256-Double epiglottis and double voice, 257-Anomalies of eyes, 257-Absence of the eyes, 257-Living cyclopia, 258-"Four-eyed man of Cricklade,'' 258-Anomalies of lids, 259-Of the iris, 259-Of the lens, 260-Heredity in the causation of congenital defects of the eye, 260-Anomalies of the ears, 261-Absence of the limbs, 263-Supernumerary limbs, 269-Anomalies of the feet, 270-Of the hand, 270-Absence of the digits, 271-Supernumerary digits, 273-Hypertrophy of the digits, 276-Talipes, 276-Anomalies of the vertebrae, 277-Human tails, 277-Vestigial remains, 279-Anomalies of the spinal canal and contents, 280-Supernumerary ribs, 281-Fissure of the sternum, 282-Other thoracic defects, 284-Branchial fissures, 284-Anomalies of the esophagus, 284-Anomalies of the lungs, 285-Of the diaphragm, 285-Of the stomach, 286-Of the intestines, 287-Dilatation of the colon, 287-"Balloon-man,'' 287-Imperforate anus, 288-Anomalies of the liver, 290-Of the spleen, 290-Transposition of the viscera, 291-Congenital extroversion or eventration, 292-Anomalies of kidney, 293-Of the ureters, 294-Of the bladder, 295-Exstrophy of the bladder, 295-Anomalies of the heart and vascular system, 296-Of the breast, 297-Amazia, 297-Micromazia, 298-Polymazia, 298-Anomalies of the hymen, 302-Of the female external genitals, 303-Absence of the vagina, 303-Duplex vagina, 304-Transverse septa of the vagina, 305-Anomalous openings of the vagina, 305-Anomalies of the labia, 306-Absence of the nymphæ, 306-Enlarged nymphæ, 306-Hottentot women, 307-Ceremonial enlargement of the nymphae, 307-Anomalies of the clitoris, 307-Circumcision of the clitoris in Egypt, 308-Absence of the ovaries, 309-Prolapse of the ovaries, 310-Supernumerary ovaries, 310-Anomalies of the Fallopian tubes, 311-Of the uterus, 311-Absence of the uterus, 311-Double uterus, 311-Pregnancy with double uterus, 311-Triple uterus, 313-Hernia of the uterus, 313-Absence of the penis, 314-Rudimentary development of the penis, 315-Penis palme, 316-Torsion of the penis, 316-Ossification of the penis, 316 Absence of the frenum and prepuce, 317-Anomalies of the urethra, 317-Duplication of the urethra, 317-Hypospadias and epispadias, 318-Artificial penis, 318-Anorcnism,

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  319-Monorchism, 319-Polyorchism, 320-Cryptorchism, 321-Anomalous position of the testicles, 322-Inversion of the testicle, 323-Anomalies of the seminal vesicles, 323.

CHAPTER VII.

• ANOMALIES OF STATURE, SIZE, AND DEVELOPMENT . . . . 324-364
• Giants, 324-Ancient giants, 324-Discoveries of giants' bones, 325-General opinions, 326-Association of acromegaly with gigantism, 327-Celebrated giants, 328-Giants of history, 333-Dwarfs, 333-Pygmies, 333-Artificial production of dwarfs, 333-Ancient popularity of dwarfs, 336-Intellectual dwarfs, 337-Women predisposed to give birth to dwarfs, 337-Species of dwarfs, 338-Celebrated dwarfs, 338-Geoffrey Hudson, 338-Gibson, 338-Bébé, 339-Borwilaski, 339-Greatage in dwarfs, 339-Robert Skinner, 340-"Tom Thumb,'' 342-Lucia Zarete, 343-Precocious development, 343-"Man-boys,'' 343-Small new-born infants, 347-Large new-born infants, 348-Congenital asymmetry and hemihypertrophy, 350-Obesity, 352-Fat children, 352-General remarks on obesity, 354-Treatment of obesity, 356-Remarkable instances of obesity, 356-Simulation of obesity, 360-"Adiposis dolorosa,'' 360-Abnormal leanness, 363-"Living skeletons,'' 364-Extreme muscular atrophy, 364.

CHAPTER VIII.

• LONGEVITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365-382
• Scope of the article, 365-General opinions, 365-Testimony of statistics, 365-Natural term of life, 366-Ceususes of centenarians, 366-Effect of class influences, occupation, etc., 367-Longevity in ancient times, 368-Difference in chronology, 368-Alchemy and the "elixir of life,'' 368-Longevity in Jewish history, 369-In Egypt, 370-Among the ancient Chinese, 370-Among the Greeks, 370-Among the Romans, 370-Among hermits and ecclesiastics, 370-Among the Brahmin priests of India, 371-Influence of mental culture, 371-Compatibility of mental and physical activity with longevity, 371-Longevity among the Royalty, 372-Influence of personal habits, 372-Remarkable instances of longevity, 373-Henry Jenkins, 373-Thomas Parr, 373-Jean Korin, 373-Setrasch Czarten, 373-Sundry instances of great age, 374-Generative ability in old age, 376-Influence of stimulants, 377-Rejuvenescence of the senses in age, 378-Heredity in longevity, 379-Longevity among physicians, 381 -Recent instances of longevity, 382.

CHAPTER IX.

• PHYSIOLOGIC AND FUNCTIONAL ANOMALIES . . . . . 383-526
• Anomalies of the secretions, 383-Colored saliva, 383-Abnormalities of uri-nation, 383-Metastasis of tears, 384-Anomalies of the semen, 384-Blue bile, 385-Chromidrosis, 385-Hyperidrosis, 386-Unilateral and localized sweating, 387-Bloody sweat or "stigmata,'' 388-Louise Lateau, 389-Postmortem sweating 391-Anomalies of lactation, 391-Milk-metastasis, 391-Lactation in the new-born, 392-In children, 392-In the aged, 393-Prolonged lactation and galactorrhea, 394-Gynecomazia, 394-Men infants, 397-Human odors, 397-Individual odors, 398-Modifying causes, 398-Odors of races, 399-Odor of the breath after coitus, 399-Influence of the emotions, 399 Odors associated with mental and nervous diseases, 401-The odor of insanity, 400-Odors of some diseases, 401-Odor of the hair, 401-Sexual influence of odors, 401-Fetichism, 401-Sexual influence of the olfactory sense in animals, 402-Bulimia, 403-Polydipsia,

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  404-Polydipsia among glass-blowers, 405-Hydroadipsia, 405-Perverted appetites, 405-Anthropophagy, 406-Cannibals, 407-Ancient customs, 409-Depraved appetite for human flesh in civilization, 409-Further examples of depraved appetites, 411-Pica, 412-Chalk-eating, 412-Arsenic eating, 413-Fasting, 413-Older instances, 414-"Fasting girls,'' 418-Modern instances of fasting, 419-Fasting exhibitionists, 420-Anomalies of temperature, 421—Hyperthermy reaching 148° F., 423-Endurance of external heat, 424-"Human Salamanders,'' 424-Fire-worship, 425-Spontaneous combustion of the human body, 426-Magnetic, phosphorescent, and electric anomalies, 429-Effects of cold, 431-Effects of working in compressed air, 433-Remarkable development of the remaining senses when one or more are lost, 432-Examples of compensatory sense-development, 433-Laura Dewey Bridgman, 43-Helen Kellar, 435-Edith Thomas, 437-Remarkable blind savants, 439-Feats of memory, 439-Boy calculators, etc., 439-Jacques Inaudi, 439-Oscar Moore, 439 -Wolf-children, 444-Artificial manufacture of "wild boys,'' 448-Equilibrists, 449-Rope-walkers, 449-Blondin, 450-Human pyramids, 450-Jugglers, 451 -Marksmen, 452—Ventriloquists, 453-Athletic feats, 455-Public contests of Greece, 455-Runners, 455-Couriers, 466-Indian runners, 457-Jinrickishamen, 457-Letter-carriers of India, 458-"Go-as-you-please'' pedestrians, 458 -Modern records for running, 459-Long-distance traversing, 459-Riders, 460 -Influence of the spleen in running, 461-Swimming, 461-Jumpers and acrobatic tumblers, 462-Extraordinary physical development and strength, 463-Modern Hercules, 464-Strong women, 468-Strength of the jaws, 468-Strength in the hands 470-Fraudulent "strong men,'' 470-Officially recorded feats of strength, 470-Contortionists, 473-Dislocationists, 473 Endurance of pain, 475-Aissaoui, 476-Malingerers, 478-Hypersensitiveness to pain, 480-Relation of pain to shock, 480-Morbid desire for pain, 480-Pain as a means of sexual enjoyment, 480-Masochism, 480-Flagellation, 480 Fatal flogging, 481-Idiosyncrasies, 481-Idiosyncrasies in relation to the sense of smell, 482-Of the sense of hearing, 484-To music, 485-Therapeutic value of music, 485-Idiosyncrasics as to vision, 487-Of the sense of touch, 488-Idiosyncrasies to foods, 489-Eggs, 490-Parsley, 491-Rice, 491-Figs, 491-Wheat-flour, 492-Food superstitions, 493-"Totemism,'' 494-Idiosyncrasies to drugs, 496-Acids, 497-Antimony, 499-Arsenic, 500-Belladonna, 500-Digitalis, 502-Ergot, 502-Epsom salts, 503-Iodin, 503-Iodoform, 503-Lead-poisoning, 503-Mercury, 504-Croton oil, 504-Castor oil, 504-Opium and its derivatives, 505-Chronic opium-eating, 506-Phosphorous, 508-Pilocarpin, 508-Quinin, 509-Strychnin, 510-Idiosyncrasies in coitus, 511-Death in coitus, 513-Suspended animation, 513-Prolonged submersion, 513-Divers, 514-Suspension of the cardiac movements at will, 516-Hibernation, 517-Human hibernation, 517-Fakirs of India, 517-Recovery after asphyxia from hanging and strangling, 519-Premature burial, 519-Postmortem anomalies, 522-Movements of a corpse, 522-Postmortem priapism, 523-Retardation of putrefaction, 523-Postmortem growth of hair and nails, 523-Untoward effects of the emotions on the vital functions, 523-Death from joy and laughter, 524-Death from grief and sorrow, 524-Death from fear, 525-Death from shock alone following blows that cause DO visible injury, 525 Death from the "wind of the cannon-ball,'' 626.

CHAPTER X.

• SURGICAL ANOMALIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK . . . . . 527-587
• Injuries to the eye, 527-Exophthalmos, 527-Avulsion of the eye, 527-Rupture of the eyeball, 528-Serious sequels of orbital injuries, 528-Gunshot injuries of the orbit, 529-Foreign bodies in the orbit, 531-Foreign bodies in the eyeball, 532-Dislocation of the lens, .533 Injury to the eyeball by birds,

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  533-Rare accident to the eye, 533-Epistaxis through the eyes, 534-Late restoration of sight, 535-Sight spontaneously restored, 536-Nyctalopia, 536-Hemeralopia, 536-Snow-blindness, 537-Retinal injury from exposure to intense light, 537-Electric-light injuries of the eye, 537-Injuries to the ear, 537-Boxing the ears, 537-Rupture of the tympanum, 537-Perforation of the tympanum, 538-Objective tinnitus aurium, 538-Insects in the ear, 539-Other foreign bodies in the ear, 539-Scalp-injuries, 542-Cerebral injuries, 545-Penetration and transfixion of the brain, 545-Gunshot injuries of the brain, 549-Study of gunshot injuries of the brain, 551-Head-injuries with loss of cerebral substance, 551-"American Crow-bar Case,'' 551-Loss of brain-substance from cerebral tumor, 557-Extensive fractures of the cranium, 558-Diving into shallow water, 559-Fracture of the internal table of the cranium, 559-Fracture of the cranial base, 559-Foreign bodies in the brain, 559-Injuries of the nose, 561-Nose-making, 561-Deformities of the nose, 563-Insects in the nose, 563 -Foreign bodies in the nose, 564-Tongue-swallowing, 565-Tongue-sucking, 565-Injuries to the tongue, 565-Regeneration of a severed tongue, 565-Articulation without a tongue, 566-Hypertrophy of the tongue, 566-Macroglossia, 567-Living fish in the pharynx, 567-Leech in the pharynx, 569-Foreign bodies in the pharynx and esophagus, 570-Migration of foreign bodies from the esophagus, 571-Abscess or ulceration into neighboring blood-vessels, consequent upon lodgment of foreign bodies in the esophagus, 571-Esophagotomy, 574-Injuries of the neck, 574-Ligature of the common carotid artery, 575-Nonfatal perforating wounds of the trachea and esophagus, 575-Self-decapitation, 576-Cases of nonfatal cut-throat, 577-Injuries of the cervical vertebræ, 578-Foreign bodies in the larynx and trachea, 580-Impaction of artificial teeth in the larynx, 582-Excision of the larynx, 584-Injuries destroying great portions of the face or jaw, but not causing death, 585-A curious accident, 587.

CHAPTER XI.

• SURGICAL ANOMALIES OF THE EXTREMITIES . . . . . 588-605
• Reunion of severed digits, 588-Reproduction and accidental production of nails, 588-Avulsion of a finger with the entire tendon, 589-Avulsion of the arm, 590-Avulsion of the leg, 592-Injuries to the sciatic nerve, 592-Recovery of an injured member after extensive severance and loss of substance, 593-Rupture of the quadriceps tendon, 594-Spontaneous fractures, 594-Evolution of the treatment of dislocations, 594-Anomalous dislocations, 594-Congenital dislocations, 595-Major amputations, 596-Multiple amputations, 596-Spontaneous amputation, 597-Artificial limbs, 598-Dismembered athletes, 598-Foreign bodies in the extremities, 599-Osteomalacia, 600-Rachitis, 601-Achondroplasia, 602-Osteitis deformans, 603-Deformities of the articulations 603-"Camel-boy,'' 603-Deformities from infantile spinal paralysis, 604-Anomalous growth of bones of the extremities, 605.

CHAPTER XII.

• SURGICAL ANOMALIES OF THE THORAX AND ABDOMEN . . 606-666
• Injuries of the lung and bronchus, 606-Loss of lung-tissue, 607-Surgery of the lung, 608-Excision of diseased portions of the lung, 608-Rupture of the lang without fracture of the rib, 608-Spontaneous rupture of the lung, 609-Penetration and transfixion of the thoracic cavity, 610-Recovery after major thoracic wounds, 611-Wounds of the diaphragm, 612-Diaphragmatic hernia, 612-Peritonitis in the thoracic cavity, 613-Foreign bodies in the thoracic cavity, 613-Foreign bodies in the bronchi, 614-Cardiac injuries, 616-Instances

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  of survival after cardiac injuries, 617-Nonfatal cardiac injuries, 620-Foreign bodies in the heart, 624-Injuries to the pericardium, 624-Rupture of the heart, 625-Displacement of the heart, 626-Hypertrophy of the heart, 626-Wounds of the aorta, 626-Sundry cases of vascular injuries, 627-Rupture of the esophagus, 628-Rupture of the stomach, 629-Voluntary vomiting, 630-Wounds of the stomach, 630-Alexis St. Martin, 630-Gastric fistulæ, 631-Gastrotomy performed on knife-swallowers, 633-Sword-swallowing, 633-Swallowing knives, pebbles, glass, etc., 635-Living animals in the alimentary canal, 636-Other foreign bodies in the alimentary canal, 637-Hair-swallowing, 641-Foreign bodies in the intestines, 641-Foreign bodies in the vermiform appendix, 642-Intestinal injuries, 642-Successful intestinal resection, 643-Sloughing of the intestines following intussusception, 643-Rupture of the intestines, 644-Operations upon the gastro-intestinal tract, 644-Gastrostomy, 644-Pyloroplasty, 644-Pylorectomy, 644-Gastrectomy, 644-Enterestomy, 645-Colostomy, 645-Intestinal anastomosis, 645-Foreign bodies in the rectum, 645-Transfixion of the abdomen, 648-Evisceration, 650-Nonfatal perforating gunshot wounds of the abdomen, 651-Bullets voided from the bowel and bladder, 651-Wounds of the liver, 652-Surgery of the liver, 652-Resection of the liver, 654-Floating liver, 65.5-Hypertrophy of the liver, 655-Rupture of the gallbladder, 655-Cholecystotomy and cholecystectomy, 655,-Rupture of the spleen, 6.56-Wounds of the spleen, 656-Splenectomy, 656-Hypertrophy of the spleen, 657-Injuries of the thoracic duct, 657-Ligation of the abdominal aorta, 658-Ligation of the common iliac artery, 658-Foreign bodies loose in the abdominal cavity, 658-Foreign bodies in the skin and muscles of the back, 659-Fracture of the lower spine, 659-Laminectomy, 660-Injuries to the spinal cord, 661-Hernia, 662-Spontaneous rupture of the abdominal walls, 666.

CHAPTER XIII.

• SURGICAL ANOMALIES OF THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM . . 667-696
• Wounds of the kidney, 667-Operations on the kidney, 668-Rupture of the ureter, 668-Operations on the ureter, 669-Stricture of the ureter, 669-Rupture of the bladder, 670-Gunshot wounds of the bladder, 671-Penetration of the bladder through the anus, vagina, or buttocks, 671-Arrow-wound of the bladder through the buttocks, 672-Wounds of the bladder followed by calculi, 673-Fistulæ of the bladder, 675-Worms in the bladder, 676-Foreign bodies in the bladder, 676-Hair in the bladder, 678-Foreign bodies in the pelvis, 678-Rupture of the urethra, 679-Fracture of the penis, 679-Urethral stricture, 680-Sundry injuries to the penis, 680-Amputation of the penis, 680-Gunshot wounds of the penis, 681-Luxation of the penis, 681-Spontaneous retraction of the penis, 681-Spontaneous gangrene of the penis, 682-Prolonged priapism, 683-Theories of priapism, 684-Injuries of the testicles and scrotum, 685-Avulsion of the male external genitalia, 686-Preservation of sexual power after injuries of the genitals, 687-Atrophy of the testicles, 687-Retraction of the testicles, 688-Ectopia of the testicles, 688-Rupture of the spermatic vessels, 689-Hydrocele, 689-Separation of an ovary, 689-Injuries of the vagina, 689-Rupture of the clitoris, 691-Discharge of the vaginal parietes, 691-Injuries during coitus, 691-Foreign bodies in the vagina, 692-Long retention of pessaries, etc., 693-Leech in the vagina, 694-Foreign bodies in the uterus, 695.

CHAPTER XIV.

• MISCELLANEOUS SURGICAL ANOMALIES . . . . . . 697-758
• Marvelous recoveries from multiple injuries, 697-Recoveries after injuries by machinery, with multiple fractures, etc., 699-Miscellaneous multiple fractures,

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  701-Recoveries from high falls, 703-High dives, 704-Resistance of children to injuries, 705-Instances of infant-vitality, 706-Operations on the extreme young and old, 706-Repeated operations, 707-Billroth's marvelous operation, 708 Self-performed surgical operations, 708-Instances of extensive loss of blood, with recovery, 709-Extensive venesection, 709-Spontaneous hemorrhages, 709-Arrow-wounds, 710-Arrow-poison, 711-Multiple arrow-wounds, 711-Serious insect-stings, 713-Syphilis from a flea-bite, 714—Snakebites, 715-Hydrophobia, 719—Shark-bites, 721-Leprosy from a fish-bite, 721-Alligator-bites, 722-Animal-bites, 722-Injuries from lightning-stroke, 722-Recovery from lightning-stroke, 723-Therapeutic effect of lightning-stroke, 726-Grafting, 728-Tooth-replantation, 728-Muscle-transplantation, 729-Tendon-transplantation, 729-Nerve-grafting, 729-Bone-grafting, 729—Skin-grafting, 729—Self-mutilations, 731-Self-castration, 732-Miscellaneous mutilations, 735-"Needle-girls,'' etc. ,735-Wanderings of pins and needles in the body, 736-Prick of a pin causing death, 737-Manufacture of crippled beggars, 737-Chinese foot-binding, 737-Professional leg-breaker, 741-Anomalous suicides, 742-Religious and ceremonial mutilations, 743 Self-bleeding, 745-Exhibition of scars, 745-Cosmetic mutilations, 746-Manufacture of dimples, 746-Amputation of the fingers, 746-Knocking out the front teeth, 747-Depilatory customs, 747-Boring the ear, 749-Tattooing, 749-Infection from tattooing, 751-Infibulation, 752-Chastity-girdles, 753-Infibulation to prevent masturbation, 754-Slitting the urethra, 754-Mutilations of the genital organs to prevent conception, 754-Circumcision, 764-Ceremonial ovariotomy, 755-Castration, 755-Eunuch-makers. 756-Castration because of excessive cupidity, 756-Castration as a religious rite, 766-The Skoptzies, 757.

CHAPTER XV.

• ANOMALOUS TYPES AND INSTANCES OF DISEASE . . . . . 759-822
• Tumors, 769-Adenoma of the breast, 759-Diffuse hypertrophy of the breast, 759-Goiter, 761-Extirpation of the thyroid gland, 762-Fibromata, 762-Multiple fibromata of the skin, 762-Keloids, 764-Lipomatas 764-Chondromata, 766-Benign bone-tumors, 768-Exostoses, 768-Gros-nez, 769-Neuromata, 770-Carcinomata, 772-Sarcomata, 772-Osteosarcoma, 772-Varicose veins, 778-Aneurysmal varix, 778-Aneurysm, 779-Large uterine tumors, 780-Ovarian cysts, 782-Enormous dropsies, 786-Ankylosis of the articulations, 787-"Ossified man,'' 787-Petrefaction, 788-Calculi, 788-Large vesical calculi, 788-Vesical calculi in very young children, 790-Multiple vesical calculi, 790-Renal calculi, 790-Other extravesical calculi, 791-Retention and suppression of urine, 792-Persistent constipation, 794-Elephantiasis arabum, 795-Elephantiasis of the lower extremities, 795-Elephantiasis of the upper extremities, 798-Elephantiasis of the face and scalp, 798-Elephantiasis of the breast, 800-Elephantiasis of the scrotum, 800-Statistics of operations on elephantoid scroti, 803-Acromegaly, 803-Chiromegaly, 805-Megalocephaly, 806-Cretinism, 805-Sporadic cretinism, 806-Myxedema, 807-Cagots, 808-Persistent hiccough, 811 -Anomalous sneezing, 813-"Ear sneezing,'' 815 -Hemophilia, 815-Hemophilic purpura of the retina, 816-Hemorrhagic diseases of the new-born, 816-Syphilis hæmorrhagica neonatorum, 816-Winckel's disease, 816-Barlow's disease, 817-Tetanus neonatorum, 817-Human parasites, 818-Tapeworms, 818-Ascarides, 819-Trichinosis, 820-Ecchinococcus, 820-Filaria sanguinis hominis, 820-"Eaten of worms,'' 821-Bot-fy, 821-Peenash, 822.

CHAPTER XVI.

• ANOMALOUS SKIN-DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . 823-851
• Icthyosis, 823-"Porcupine-man,'' 823-"Biped Armadillo,'' 823-"Alligator-boy,'' 824-Harlequin fetus, 825-Contagious follicular keratosis, 825-Keratodermia, 825-"Elide-bound disease,'' 826 Morphea, 826-Scleroderma neonatorum, 826-"Elephant-man,'' 827-Ainhum, 828-Sclerodactylia anularis ainhumoides, 83-2-Skin-shedding, 832-"Snake-boy,'' 835-Dermatitis exfoliativa neonatorum, 83.)-Epidemic exfoliative dermatitis, 835 Sphaceloderma, 836-Raynaud's disease, 836-Spontaneous gangrene of the skin. 837-Neuroses of the skin, 837-Neuroma cutis dolorosum, 839-Yaws, 839-Furuculosis orientalis, 840-Pigmentary anomalies, 841-Chloasma uterinum, 841-Acanthosis nigricans, 811-Xeroderma pigmentosum, 842-Nigrities, 842-Anomalous discolorations of the skin, 843-Metallic discolorations of the skin, 845-Melasma, 845-Leukoderma, 845-"Leopard-boy,'' 845-Canities unguium, 847-Plica polonica, 848-Tinea nodosa, 849-"Hair-eaters,'' 849-Mycosis fungoides, 860-Universal dermatitis, 851.

CHAPTER XVII.

• ANOMALOUS NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASES . . . . . . . 852-890
• Anomalous types of epilepsy, 853-The dancing mania, 853-"Tarantism,'' 854-Palmus, 855-Athetosis, 857-Paramyelonus multiplex, 859-Saltatoric spasm, 859-Progressive muscular atrophy, 859-Facial hemiatrophy, 859-Lingual hemiatrophy, 860-Astasia-abasia, 860-Meniere's disease, 861-Merycism, 862-Wakefulness, 863-Somnambulism, 863-Pathognomonic dreams, 867-Catalepsy, trance, and lethargy, 867-Hypnotism, 870-African sleep sickness, 872 -Aphasia, 872-Aphasia after snake-bites, 874-Anosmia, 874-Hyperosmia, 875-Parosmia, 875-Perversion of the tactile sense, 875-Nostalgia, 876-Hypochondria, 876-Fear-psychoses, 877-Aichmophobia, 877-Agoraphobia, 877-Acrophobias 877-Thalassophobia, 877-Claustrophobia, 878-Astrophobia, 878-Mysophobia, 878-Hematophobia, 878-Anthropophobia and monophobia, 879-Bacillophobia, 879-Kleptomania and kleptophobia, 879-Folie de doute, 879 -Other rare fear-psychoses, 880-Demonomania, 880-Particular aversions, 880-Circular insanity, 881-Katatonia, 882-A modern Pygmalion, 882-Double consciousness, 883-Morbid sympathy of twins as illustrated in the "Corsican brothers, 887-Automatism, 887-Presentiment of approaching death, 889.

CHAPTER XVIII.

• HISTORIC EPIDEMICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 891-914
• Preliminary remarks on the great plagues, 891-The black death, 892-Mortality of, 893-Moral effect of, 894-The great plague of London, 895-Modern bubonic plague in China, 896-Sweating sickness, 896-Mortality of, 897-Chronologic table of the principal plagues, 898-Small-pox, 903-Inoculation, 906-Lady Moutagu, 905-Vaccination, 906-Edward Jenner, 906 Asiatic cholera, 908-Typhus fever, 910-Yellow fever, 910-Leprosy, 911-Syphilis, 912-Tuberculosis, 913-Modern mortality from infectious diseases, 913.

• BIBLIOGRAPHIC INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915-929
• INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931-968