University of Virginia Library

Scottish Printers and Booksellers 1668-1775: A Second Supplement (I)
by
Robert Hay Carnie

This second supplement to the Scottish entries in the dictionaries of the British book trade for the period 1668-1775[1] records 180 printers, booksellers, bookbinders and papermakers not contained in these dictionaries nor in the first supplement.[2] In so far as it consists of new names only it differs from the first supplement which consisted both of new entries and of additional material to existing entries. The sources of information used on this occasion proved to be so fruitful that a large bulk of additional and corrective material to existing entries has been laid aside to await a complete revision of Plomer and Bushnell. In the meantime, the following list may be of use to students of the Scottish book trade.

The sources which lie behind the entries can be divided up into three main groups: Imprints, manuscripts records and secondary printed material.

1. The imprints of several hundred books and pamphlets printed between 1668 and 1775, and not utilized by previous investigators in this field, have been examined.[3] As might be expected at this stage of investigation, such works are usually of an ephemeral or specialized variety and are not commonly found outside Scottish academic or theological libraries. These imprints provided a valuable cross-check on information taken from secondary sources.

2. Four manuscripts sources were used. The first of these was an

account book for The Weekly Magazine, or Edinburgh Amusement.[4] This magazine ran from 1768 to 1784 and was conducted by Walter Ruddiman, Junior, until his death in June 1781, but the account book covers only the period 1768 to 1773. The account book deals chiefly with the purchase of sets of the magazine, rather than single numbers, by Edinburgh and country booksellers. It seems unlikely that it provides a complete list of the booksellers who handled Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine, for the names of a number of well known Edinburgh booksellers are missing; but it provides a useful guide to booksellers in the smaller towns, and reveals that the magazine was read all over Scotland. It has long been known that the magazine was extremely popular. The weekly news section and the popularity of Robert Fergusson's poetry, much of which appeared in its pages for the first time, both helped to build up its circulation to three thousand copies weekly in the winter of 1776. Another manuscript source interesting in itself was the records of the Wright Incorporation of Perth. Minute books and indenture books of this ancient calling cover the period 1538 to 1864 and have been described in full elsewhere[5] but I have incorporated into this list men concerned in the book trade in Perth from 1668 to 1775 whose names are not to be found in Plomer and Bushnell. The Hammerman Book of the hammermen trade in the ancient Burgh of St. Andrews[6] has provided two entries, and the Library—quaestor accounts of St. Andrews University[7] provided the name of an unrecorded bookbinder to that university who operated in the last two decades of the 17th century.

3. These primary sources taken altogether provided much less new material than the main secondary source which was the advertisement pages of contemporary newspapers. A systematic examination of The Caledonian Mercury from its beginning in April 1720 to the end of 1775, and of The Aberdeen Journal from its beginning in December

1747 to 1775[8] was made. The greatest gains made here were amongst those whose main function was what we would now call the retail side of the book trade—that is, those who were concerned with the sale of books, pamphlets and newspapers over their counters in the smaller Scottish towns. The names of such men do appear sometimes on the title papers of the period—particularly when they had a financial interest in a publication and had that work printed for them in Edinburgh and Glasgow.[9] The advertisements, however, proved even in those cases to be the guide which could lead an investigator to the publications themselves. Bookbinders are another group which are unlikely to figure in imprints in their capacity as binders,[10] though in a large number of cases in the 18th century a bookseller was also a bookbinder, or, alternatively, a large bookselling establishment would have a bookbinder on their staff. It is important to note, however, that the advertisements reveal the names of both booksellers and bookbinders at the journeymen level in the bigger establishments whose names might otherwise never be known. Certain kinds of advertisements other than straightforward lists of books for sale proved useful. Most of these were primarily concerned with the booktrade itself and include such things as prospectuses for books to be printed by subscription, or in number-issues, but the list would be seriously circumscribed if the investigator had limited himself to this kind of advertisement. Notices of property for sale; advertisements by the stockists of patent medicines, and lists of names of those shops who were willing to take in cloth for the bleaching mills of Scotland all provided further examples of Scottish retail booksellers. It has long been well known that such patent medicines as Turlington's Drops, Radcliff's Purging Elixir, Baume de Vie and Anderson's Pills were a profitable side-line with bookseller-stockists in the smaller towns. It is not so well known that a number of booksellers were prepared to collect linen cloth for the large bleach fields which are found on so many rivers in Scotland and which required collecting points in nearby towns. In both these kinds of advertisement, only stockists or collectors actually designated "bookseller" in the advertisement itself, have been included in the list. In most cases the fact that the individuals concerned were booksellers is corroborated by other kinds of evidence. It should perhaps be noted that the advertisements concerning book auctions—a favourite method of stock dispersal in the 18th century both to the public and to other members of the trade—reveal that such auctions generally took place in large halls or rooms and not on the booksellers' own premises. The file of The Scots Magazine, from its beginning to the end of the 18th century, was also carefully scrutinized, particularly the book lists and the sections dealing with domestic events and criminal proceedings.

The other secondary printed sources used were modern. Great assistance was gained from Ewing's provisional list of Glasgow printers, which was not issued to the public; from the Scottish Record Society's list of burgesses of Glasgow from 1751 to 1846, and from the memorial catalogue of the 1894 Glasgow Exhibition. The entries on paper makers owe much to Waterston's important articles on paper makers in the Edinburgh district.

In each entry an attempt has been made to give, if known, the following kinds of information: 1. The full name of the tradesman. 2. The place of business. 3. The precise nature of his occupation or occupations. 4. The terminal dates of his known period of activity. 5. Evidence of partnership with other members of the book trade.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

• A.B.L. The Aberdeen Book-Lover, Aberdeen, 1913-1933.
• A.J. The Aberdeen Journal, 1748-1775.
• A.U.L. Aberdeen University Library.
• B.B. Brown's Bookstall, Aberdeen, 1892-1894.
• B. & G. B. 1751-1846 Scottish Record Society, The Burgesses and Guild Brethren of Glasgow, 1751-1846, Edinburgh, 1931-.
• Bibliotheck The Bibliotheck A Journal of Bibliographical Notes and Queries Mainly of Scottish Interest, 1956-.
• Bushnell G.H. Bushnell, Scottish Printers, Booksellers and Bookbinders, in Plomer, Bushnell and Dix, A Dictionary of the Printers and Booksellers who were at work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1726 to 1775, 1932.
• C.M. The Caledonian Mercury, 1720-1775.
• Couper R.G.B.S. W.J. Couper, 'The Glasgow Periodical Press', Records of the Glasgow Bibliographical Society, Vol. VIII.
• D.W.A. The Dundee Weekly Advertiser, various numbers.
• E.E.C. The Edinburgh Evening Courant, various numbers.
• Ewing 'Provisional Lists of Printers in Glasgow, 1638-1800,' The Glasgow Bibliographical Society, no. LXII. (By J.C. Ewing.)

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• La. III, 752 Edinburgh University Library, Laing MSS, III, 752.
• Old Glasgow The Memorial Catalogue of the Old Glasgow Exhibition 1894. Published by the Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts Anno MDCCCXCIV.
• Plomer H.R. Plomer, A Dictionary of the Printers and Booksellers who were at work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1668 to 1725, 1922.
• R.G.B.S. Records of the Glasgow Bibliographical Society.
• S.M. The Scots Magazine, 1739-1800.
• St. A.U.L. St. Andrews University Library.
• Typ. Scot. Gad. Typographica Scoto-Gadelica, Edinburgh, 1915.
• Waterston O.E.C. R. Waterston, 'Early Paper Making near Edinburgh', The Book of the Old Edinburgh Club, XXV (1945), and XXVII (1949).

ADAM (ALEXANDER), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1773-1799; Gallowgate, 1773-74.

• Adam started to publish a periodical in January, 1773, entitled The Glasgow Museum, Or Weekly Instructor. printed by Alexander Adam and sold by him at his house opposite the Red Lion, Gallowgate. In May, 1773, he published in numbers a 2-volume work called A New System of Catholic Theology. Ewing gives the dates of his activity as 1773-1799. (C.M., May 29, 1773; C.M., October 29, 1774; Couper. R.G.B.S. VIII, 117,; Old Glasgow, p. 438.)

ADAM (ALEXANDER), merchant in Forfar, 1771-1773.

• Adam bought sets of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine in 1771 and 1772. The last date attached to his name is January 13, 1773. He is not described in the account-book as "bookseller'. (La. III, 752.)

ADAMSON (WILLIAM), bookbinder and porter in St. Andrews, 1684-1696.

• Adamson was porter of the New College, St. Andrews (which is now called St. Mary's College). In the accounts for the public library for 1684 is the following discharge: 'Given to Will. Adamson for binding sixteen folios at 3s. sterl. the fol. and three 4tos at 16ss each 4to the soume of thritie one pound 4s by the Universities order.' Similar accounts exist for 1692 and 1696. Unfortunately no details of actual books bound are given.

AITKEN (ROBERT), bookseller in Paisley, 1764.

• Aitken's name appears in the imprint of the following work. A Collection of about Fifty Religious Letters, expressing the various duties and exercises. . . . By John Monro. late Wright in Edinburgh. Glasgow: Printed for Robert Aitken, bookseller in Paisley MDCCLXIV. (St. A.U.L.)

AITKINE OR AITKEN (WILLIAM), bookseller in Lanark, 1770-1772.

• Aitkine bought sets of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine from 1770 to 1772. The last date associated with his name in the account book is December 24th, 1772. (La. III, 752)

ALEXANDER (CHARLES), bookseller in Edinburgh. Geddes's Close, 1751.

• In November, 1751, Alexander advertised thus: 'This day is published, in one Volume Octavo, neatly bound. Price 5s. Poems on various subjects and occasions by the Honourable Alexander Robertson of Strowan. Sold by Charles Alexander at his house in Geddes's close where subscribers may call for their copies'. There is a short list of other books for sale. (C.M., Nov. 12, 1751.)

ANDERSON (WILLIAM), bookseller in Stirling, 1772-1797.

• Anderson bought sets of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine in 1772. In 1774 he sold J. Swanston's Sermons on several Important Subjects. He was still in business in 1797. (La. III, 752; C.M., March 19, 1774; Typ. Scot. Gad. p. 324.)

ALLAN (LAURENCE), printer?, servant to Robert Fleming, 1767.

• It is clear from an account of a trial in The Scots Magazine that Allan was a principal servant of Fleming's in his printing-house with special responsibility for The Edinburgh Evening Courant. (S.M., July, 1767, p. 338.)

ANNANDALE (WILLIAM), papermaker at Auchendinny, 1745-1782.

• Annandale was in business at Auchendinny from 1745 to 1782, in which year the Cadells took over the mill, though William Annandale, junior, continued in the business. William Annandale, the elder, won silver medals for his papers from the Edinburgh Society. (S.M., Jan., 1757; S.M., April, 1759; Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 70; XXVII, 54.)

BAILLIE (JAMES), advocate in Edinburgh, 1734-36.

• Baillie was not properly a bookseller, but for some reason he was publisher and selling-agent of Sir Thomas Craig's De Feudis. He issued a notice to subscribers in July, 1734, pointing out that the book was now available from Walter Ruddiman at the Printing-house, Parliament close, and another in February, 1736 which said: 'Subscribers are asked to call for the book at Mr Baillie's house, about the middle of Muslin's Wynd, opposite to the back entry of the Poultry-market where all others may be served with the same book'. (C.M., July 25th, 1734; C.M., February 5th, 1736.)

BAILLIE (JOHN), printer and bookseller, Edinburgh, 1753-1755. Parliament Close, 1753.

• Baillie advertised books for sale in 1753. e.g. The Life of George Castriot, King of Epirus and Albania. This day is published and sold by John Baillie, Bookseller in the Parliament Close. In 1755 we find: Mahomet the Imposter. A Tragedy. . . . . By Mons. Voltaire. Edinburgh: Printed by J. Baillie and Company, M.DCC. LV. (S.M., May, 1755, p. 272; C.M., July 10, 1753. A.U.L. copy of Mahomet.)

BANKS (R.), bookseller in Stirling, 1755-1771.

• James Fordyce's The Method of promoting edification . . . was printed in Glasgow for Banks in 1755. In 1758 his name is listed in The Aberdeen Journal as holding proposals for a London edition in weekly numbers of Smollett's History of England. Similarly in The Caledonian Mercury in 1771, we find him holding proposals for printing by subscription an edition of The Works of George Whitefield. (Copy of Fordyce A.U.L.; A. J., Feb. 14, 1758; C.M., Mar. 2, 1771.)

BAXTER (WILLIAM), foreman papermaker at Gifford, 1774.

• In 1774 the paper-mill at Gifford, owned by the Marquis of Tweeddale, was offered to let for the remaining five years of tack at 40 pounds per annum. Gifford was 16 miles from Edinburgh and 3 miles from Haddington. Prospective tenants were asked to get in touch with William Baxter, foreman at the mill. (C.M., April 11, 1774.)

BELL (ALEXANDER), stationer in St. Andrews, 1707-1742(?).

• Alexander Bell, stationer, and treasurer of St. Andrews, was admitted to the Hammerman Craft on 12th Sept., 1707 (cf. Bushnell, p. 282). (Hammerman Book, St. A.U.L.)

BELL (WILLIAM), printer in Glasgow, 1766-1780.

• In 1766 Bell printed a two-volume edition of De Re Medica by Celsus, and in 1780 A new Collection in Prose and Verse, for the Use of Schools. Ewing says that Bell was printing in 1766 and William Bell and Company in 1769. He was certainly printing with W. Gilmour in 1768. William Bell was made Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow on 24th April, 1777, by right of his father, Malcolm Bell, Merchant. (B. & G.B. 1751-1846, p. 104.; Old Glasgow, pp. 394-395.)

BLACK (JAMES), glazier and stationer in Perth, 1696.

• Black was admitted as a freeman Wright on 8 Feb., 1696. He was lawful son to Thomas Black, Wright, and his right of entry was as a freeman's son (cf. Bibliotheck, I, no. 4, p. 32).

BLACK (PATRICK), glazier and stationer in Perth, 1687.

• Probably the eldest brother of James Black. He was admitted freeman of the Wright calling on 31 Dec., 1687. (Bibliotheck, I, no. 4, p. 32.)

BOGLE (ROBERT), bookseller in Glasgow, 1759.

• Robert Bogle, bookseller, was made a Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow as eldest lawful son to the deceased Robert Bogle, merchant on 19th April, 1759. (B. & G.B. 1751-1846, p. 31.)

BOYD (P.), bookseller in Dundee, 1759-1760.

• Boyd is named as a bookseller stocking the following book in the pages of The Aberdeen Journal in 1759: The British Negociator, by S. Thomas, Merchant. In 1760 he is said to stock No. 1. of the London publication

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  called The Christian Magazine, Price 6d. (A.J., April 3, 1759; May 26, 1760.)

BREUSCH (PETER), papermaker at Canonmills, Edinburgh, 1681.

• Breusch made paper at Canonmills about 1681. He afterwards set up the same manufacture at Restalrig. (Waterson O.E.C., XXV, 54-55.)

BROWN (WILLIAM), bookseller in Glasgow, 1769.

• The Scots Magazine for June, 1769, reports that 'John and James Sword, merchants in Glasgow indicted for a rape, committed on the body of Janet Orr, spouse to William Brown, Bookseller in Glasgow were, after a trial which lasted ten hours, found not guilty by the jury and assoilzied'. It was said that Brown and his wife had instigated the matter to extort money. (S.M., June, 1769, p. 332.)

BRUCE (JOHN), merchant in Aberdeen, printer and bookseller, 1768-1769.

• Bruce had a short-lived partnership with John Boyle, printer and paper maker in Aberdeen. In 1768 they published together The Works of Josephus, and in 1769 they issued together from 'their Printing Office in the Broadgate', The Works of Willison. But the partnership ended some time before 16 October, 1769, when it was advertised in The Aberdeen Journal that 'the co-partnership in the printing trade between Bruce and Boyle hath for some time past been dissolved, and is now wholly carried on by John Boyle. . .'. (A.J., May 30, 1768; 16 October, 1769; A.B.L., V, 36-38.)

BRYCE (PATRICK), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1743-1757.

• Patrick Bryce is found listed in The Caledonian Mercury as a bookseller stocking the following work: A Review of the Preface to the Narrative of the extraordinary Work at Kilsyth. . . . By James Fisher, Minister of the Gospel in the Associate Congregation. Bryce is not included in Ewing's list. He was made a Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow on 8 Feb, 1759, by right of his father, Patrick Bryce, Hammerman. (C.M., Jan., 1743; B. & G.B. 1751-1846, p. 22.)

BUCHANAN (DAVID), bookseller in Montrose, 1774-.

• This very well known Scottish bookseller of the latter part of the century was in business in 1774 and thus should be included in the supplement. He stocked Coke's Catalogue in 1774. (C.M., May 21, 1774.)

BUIST (D.), bookseller in Perth, 1747.

• Buist is one of the many booksellers listed in the imprint of The Acts and Proceedings of Associate Synod in April, 1747, Edinburgh: Printed by William Gray, for Andrew Stevenson: and sold by the said W. Gray, and by G. Crawford in Edinburgh, D. Buist in Perth, T. Lundin in Glasgow, J. Nimmo in Kilmarnock, W. Henderson in Dunfermline, J. Henderson in Abernethy, W. Marshal in Home, J. Kerr in Selkirk, and other Booksellers

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  in Town and Country, MDCCXLVII. (Copy of pamphlet. St. A.U.L.; A.U.L.)

BURNETT (JAMES), bookseller and bookbinder in Aberdeen, 1769-1775 (1805?)

• Middle of the Lodge Wall, 1769; Foot of the Lodge Wall, 1775. According to advertisements in The Aberdeen Journal, Burnett bound books, sold books and issued catalogues in the period 1769-1775. He was in business after that date and may be the Aberdeen bookseller, J. Burnett, who sold Francis Peacock's Practice of Dancing, in 1805. (A.J., Dec. 25, 1769; Sept 25, 1775. A.B.L. IV, no. 4, p. 96.)

CHALMERS (------), bookseller in Dumfries, 1771-1773.

• This Chalmers was in partnership with A. McLauchlan, (see later entry) and bought sets in 1772 of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine. The last date connected with his name in the accountbook is February 2nd, 1773. (La. III, 752)

CHALMERS (ROBERT), bookbinder, bookseller and stationer in Aberdeen, 1764-1775. In the Narrow-Wynd, 1764-1766. In the Broadgate opposite to Mr John Dyce's, 1767-.

• There are many entries in The Aberdeen Journal concerning Robert Chalmers. He is described in April, 1764, as a bookbinder and his change of address to the Broadgate is given in December, 1766, when he is said to bind books 'in the neatest manner and at the lowest prices' and to sell stationery. He seems to have published a number of books in partnership with John Mennye, including The Works of Willison. This book was printed in numbers and must have had a large sale, for the advertisements state that the first three numbers had to be reprinted. Mennye and Chalmers also issued proposals for printing by subscription The Sermons of the late Reverend Alexander Howie in 1769. The partnership apparently ended in 1769 for both Chalmers and Mennye published books on their own in 1770 (cf. Bushnell, p. 332).
• There is evidence of financial trouble in the years 1771 and 1772, for in November, 1771, John Boyle issued catalogues of a list of books to be sold in the shop lately possessed by Robert Chalmers, a little below the well in the head of the Broadgate, and on 8th March, 1772, there was a meeting of the creditors of Robert Chalmers. He seems to have survived in business after this event, for we find him issuing catalogues of books to be sold from an address 'opposite the Broadgate well' in December, 1773, and October, 1775. (A.J., April 2, 1764; Dec 29, 1766; Oct 23, 1769; Dec 4, 1769; July 16, 1770; Nov 4, 1771; Feb 10, 1772; Dec 27, 1773; Oct 16, 1775.)

CHAPMAN (JOHN) JUNIOR, publisher in Edinburgh, 1765-1769.

• John Chapman, Junior, was the publisher of The Universal Scots Almanack from 1765 to 1769. This useful almanack was printed for him by

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  Walter Ruddiman and John Richardson and was sold by the author at the following addresses: 1765, at his House, 4th storey of Cleghorn's Land, Grassmarket; 1769. 1st storey of the Shoemaker's Land, South Side of Alison's Square, Potterrow. (E.U.L. has copies of these almanacks.)

CHAPMAN (MRS ----), widow of John Chapman, Senior, Publisher in Edinburgh, 1754-1764.

• Mrs Chapman sold The Universal Scots Almanack from 1754 to 1764. The date of her husband's death is unknown. In 1761 she sold the Almanack 'at her house 3rd storey of Cleghorn's Land, Grassmarket', but in 1764 she was selling it from her house on the 4th storey of Cleghorn's Land. (E.U.L.)

CHISHOLM (------), bookseller in Edinburgh, 1756-1760.

• Chisholm is listed in the book lists of The Scots Magazine for February, 1760, as selling Notes on Scripture Texts . . . . By John Glas. I have not found his name elsewhere than in The Scots Magazine. (S.M., Feb., 1760; April, 1756.)

COCK (DANIEL), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1748.

• Cock's name is found on the title page of the following work The New Constitution of pretended Synod, which first met at Mr Gib's house, April 10, 1747 unmasked . . . Glasgow: Daniel Cock 1748; not listed in Ewing. (A.U.L. pamphlets. K. 282)

COCKBURN (------), bookseller, Kelso, 1749.

• Cockburn is listed in The Caledonian Mercury as one of the many Scottish Provincial Booksellers stocking The Newcastle General Magazine for 1749. (C.M., Feb. 14, 1749.)

COLVILLE (ROBERT), stationer in Glasgow, 1765.

• Robert Colville, stationer, was made a Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow on 14th June, 1765, as having served an apprenticeship with James Robb, stationer. (B. & G.B. Glasgow, 1751-1846, p. 51)

COUTTS (W.), merchant and bookseller in Aberdeen, 1775.

• The anonymous writer of an article on Aberdeen's early booksellers in the trade periodical called Brown's Bookstall lists W. Coutts amongst a number of Aberdeen booksellers who had books printed for them and at whose shops they were to be sold. I have not personally examined any book which had Coutts's name in the imprint. (B.B. Vol. I, no. 7, July, 1892.)

CUNNINGHAM (WILLIAM), bookseller in Haddington, 1772-1773.

• Cunningham bought sets of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine throughout 1772. The last date attached to his name in the account book is February, 1773. (La. III, 752)

DAES (ALEXANDER), papermaker at Dalry before 1679 and after 1681.

• Waterston gives a short account of Daes's interrupted career as a papermaker, and of his short essay into showmanship. (Waterston O.E.C., XXVII, 41-42.)

DOWS (WILLIAM AND ANTHONY), booksellers in Cullen, 1773.

• These two names are listed amongst the booksellers of the North East of Scotland who stocked the periodical The Scots Farmer. (A.J., Oct. 2, 1773.; Nov. 15, 1773)

DRYSDALE (THOMAS), bookbinder in Dunfermline, 1759.

• The only recorded fact concerning this bookbinder is that of his death. John Marshall, Carrier in Auchtermuchty, was tried for the murder of Thomas Drysdale, bookbinder, in Dunfermline on March 13, 1759, 'by assaulting him when intoxicated with liquor, at or near the bridge of Gourly and drowning him in a pond, or strangling him with a handkerchief which he wore about his neck'. The charge was found not proven and Marshall was freed. (S.M., Sept., 1759, pp. 493-494.)

teDUNCAN (------), Baillie in Kilmarnock, 1718.

• Duncan is named in the imprint of The History of the Late Rebellion which was printed by Robert Rae at Dumfries in 1718 and sold by Baillie Duncan in Kilmarnock. (Copy St. A.U.L.)

DUNCAN (ALEXANDER), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1767-1797(?).

• Duncan was printing in Glasgow, according to Ewing, under the title Alexander Duncan and Company from 1767 to 1772. In 1768 he published John Witherspoon's Sermons on Practical Subjects, and in 1770, an edition of Scripture Songs: or Translations and Paraphrases of several Passages of Sacred Scripture. In 1774 Duncan was apparently printing on his own, for he published in that year The A. B. C. With the Shorter Catchism. Whether or not he was in fact on his own at this time, there is no doubt that he had a partner in the following years. From 1775 to 1788 he published with Robert Chapman the elder who died in 1788 (Ewing). Within this period he published in 1775 the Reverend John Willison's A Sacramental Catechism. . . ., and in 1777 A Chronological Index of the most Remarkable Events and Persons recorded in Ancient and Modern History. Again, according to Ewing, one Alexander Duncan and Robert Chapman Junior were printing together in the period 1790 to 1795, while J. and A. Duncan printed at least two books in partnership in the period 1796 to 1797. An Alexander Duncan, printer and bookseller, was made Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow on 12th April, 1777 as having served an apprenticeship with Mr. Robert Foulis, deceased, barber. All these facts probably concern the same man, or possibly two men of the same name. (B & G.B. 1751 to 1846, p. 104; Old Glasgow, pp. 377-378.)

DUNCAN (JOHN), bookbinder and bookseller in Glasgow, 1754(?)-1770.

• A John Duncan appears on the imprint of a work called Heaven upon Earth; or the History of the Transfiguration of Jesus Christ. . . . This book was printed in partnership with James Duncan in 1754. This may be the same man as the John Duncan, bookbinder, who was made a Burgess and

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  Guild Brother of Glasgow on 10th September, 1770, as having served an apprenticeship with Robert and Andrew Foulis, printers. It is possible that two John Duncans are involved. (B. & G.B. 1751 to 1846, p. 70; Old Glasgow p. 376.)

DUNCAN (ROBERT), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1768-1785.

• In 1768, The Works of the Pious, Reverend, and learn'd Mr Hugh Binning, Late Minister of the Gospel at Govan was printed in Glasgow for James Robb and Robert Duncan. The latter was admitted Burgess and Guild Brother of Glasgow on 31st July 1769 as a bookseller by right of his father the deceased William Duncan, bookbinder (Bushnell, p. 303).
• Ewing gives Duncan as a printer in 1769 and 1784-1785. He is presumably the same Robert Duncan who was in partnership with Thomas Duncan in the years 1770 to 1784. In 1770 they printed Thomas Boston's A View of the Covenant of Grace from the Sacred Records and in 1784 Roman Stories: or, the History of the Seven Wise Masters of Rome. The Thirty-third Edition. (St. A.U.L.; B. & G.B. 1751-1846, p. 63; Old Glasgow p. 378.)

DUNCAN (THOMAS), printer and bookseller in Glasgow, 1770-1784.

• All that is known of the activities of this member of the Duncan family can be found in the entry for Robert Duncan. In 1772 an edition of Allan Ramsay's The Gentle Shepherd was printed in Glasgow and sold by R. and T. Duncan. (R.G.B.S. X, 61.)

DUNLOP AND WILSON, booksellers in Glasgow, 1773-1776.

• Advertisements can be found in The Caledonian Mercury for the period 1773 to 1776, naming Dunlop and Wilson as selling a number of Edinburgh books. Typical of these is The Memoirs of the Life, Time and Writings of the Reverend and Learned Thomas Boston A. M. printed by Murray and Cochran of Edinburgh. (E.E.C., April 17, 1776; C.M., Oct. 2, 1774; C.M., Dec. 29, 1773.)

DUPYNE (NICHOLAS), papermaker near Edinburgh 1694- .

• Dupyne floated the Scots Paper Company about 1694. He started paper mills at Yester, East Lothian and at Braid, near Edinburgh. The mills were still making paper in 1703. (Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 46-69.)

EDWARD (ROBERT), bookseller(?) in Edinburgh, 1692.

• Edward's name is found in the imprint of the following work: Phalainologia Nova sive Observationes de rarioribus quibusdam Balaenis in Scotiae Littus nuper ejectis. . . . . Edinburge; Typis Joannis Redi. MDCXCII. Vaeneunt apud M. Robertum Edward, verbi divini Ministrum, in vice dicto the Bishop's Land Closs. A Robert Edward, minister at Murroes and citizen of Dundee published a Latin Description of Angus in 1678. (St. Paul's Cathedral Dundee. Vestry Library.)

ELLIOTT (GEORGE), bookseller in Kelso, 1773-1776.

• Elliott often appears as a bookseller in advertisements in the Edinburgh newspapers for the period 1773 to 1776. In 1776 he sold The Memoirs of

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  Thomas Boston, printed by Murray and Cochran and in 1773 he was listed as stocking The Scots Farmer. (E.E.C., April 17, 1776; C.M., Feb. 13, 1775; Mar. 26, 1774; Jan. 30, 1773.)

FERRIER (JOHN), bookbinder in Aberdeen, 1758.

• Our sole notice of John Ferrier is found in a newspaper advertisement. This advertisement points out that Mr Richard Smith had succeeded Bartholomew Smith as a papermaker at Culter sometime in 1758. It also states that Smith was prepared to give ready money for rags 'at the house of John Ferrier, bookbinder, Aberdeen.' (A.J., Oct. 10, 1758.)

FORBES (ROBERT), printer in Aberdeen(?), previous to 1746.

• This man is named as a printer in the magazine accounts of the trials of the Jacobite Rebels at Carlisle in 1746. Amongst those who pled guilty when brought to be tried and were sentenced to be executed was one Robert Forbes, printer. It seems not unlikely that he was a member of the Forbes family at Aberdeen. (S.M., Sept. 1746, VIII, 438.)

FORSYTH (ALEXANDER), bookseller in Ayr, 1770-1773.

• Forsyth bought sets of Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine from 1770 to 1772. The last date attached to his name in the account book is March 25, 1772. Two Discourses, by William Dalrymple were advertised in May, 1773, as being printed for and sold by A. Forsyth, bookseller, Ayr, and by J. Meuros, bookseller, Kilmarnock. Alexander Forsyth was probably related to James Forsyth, bookbinder in Edinburgh, for in the same advertisement, the Edinburgh bookbinder is named as an agent for this book (cf. Bushnell, p. 307). (C.M., May 22, 1773; La. III, 752.)

FORSYTH (L.), bookseller in Edinburgh, 1775.

• A number of booksellers advertised the fact in September, 1775, that they were selling The Decisions of the Court of Session to 1764. Amongst these booksellers was one L. Forsyth. (C.M., Sept. 2, 1775.)

FRASER (ALEXANDER), papermaker at Polton, 1768-1772.

• Fraser was manager of a small paper mill belonging to Adrian Watkins, His Majesty's Printer for Scotland. Because of this experience he was placed in charge of the large five vat paper mill at Polton. The Polton Paper-Mill Company became bankrupt in 1772, and the inefficient Fraser was discharged. The Polton Paper-Mill had a warehouse at the Royal Exchange, Edinburgh and Fraser was also in charge of this in 1771. (C.M., May 11, 1771; Waterston O.E.C. XXVII, 57-58.)

FRASER (JOHN), running stationer in Edinburgh, 1754.

• We know of Fraser's existence through the account of a trial in The Scots Magazine. George Johnston, running stationer in Edinburgh, and Andrew Mason, servant to Captain Robert Merry, were tried for hamesucken. It is noticed that two accomplices, one of whom was John Fraser, running stationer in Edinburgh, were fugitate. The trial was on 9th December, 1754. (S.M., Dec., 1754, p. 592.)

GALBRAITH (JOHN), printer in Glasgow, 1771-1773.

• Nothing has been discovered about this printer. Ewing lists him as having been in business in Glasgow from 1771-1773.

GILMOUR (WILLIAM), bookseller in Glasgow, 1768-1771.

• This young bookseller who died in January, 1771, was a partner with his father in publishing The Glasgow Weekly Chronicle. Gilmour published a number of books in partnership with W. Bell, including Thomas Boston's Select Discourses on a Variety of Practical Subjects in 1768. (Old Glasgow, pp. 394-395.)

GLAS (JOHN), bookseller and divine; bookseller in Dundee, 1740-1744.

• This is the well known founder of the Glasite Church. He was born in 1695, and in 1728 moved to Dundee after being deposed from his charge at Tealing. He moved to Perth in 1733 but seems to have come back to Dundee. He is specifically described as a bookseller in a number of advertisements in The Caledonian Mercury, and probably established the business carried on by his son Thomas (cf. Bushnell, p. 311). (C.M., Dec. 12, 1743; Jan 31, 1744; E.E.C., April 21, 1740.)

GRANT (WILLIAM), merchant and bookseller in Elgin, 1757.

• Grant, who is described in advertisements as a merchant in Elgin, sold, both in weekly numbers at 3d. each and in volumes, a work entitled Illustrations of Holy Scriptures. (A. J., July 12, 1757.)

GRAY (G or GEORGE?), bookseller in Edinburgh, 1760-1763 (1801?)

• In January 1760, George Gray, merchant in the Parliament house, is listed in The Caledonian Mercury as one of twenty Edinburgh booksellers stocking The British Magazine. In 1763 his name appears on the title page of Les Avantures de Telemaque, Fils d'Ulysse par feu Messire Francois de Salignac de la Mothe Fenelon. . . . A Edimbourg: De l'imprimerie de J. Bruce et Societe: et se vend chez A. Kincaid & J. Bell, J. Brown, G. Gray et J. Wood. MDCCLXIII (Copy A.U.L.). The creditors of one George Gray, bookseller in Edinburgh, met on 12th. June, 1801, to consider an offer of composition of 15/- in the £. This may be the same man. (C. M., Jan. 9, 1760; D.W.A., May 8, 1801.)

GRIERSON (J.), bookseller in Dumfries, 1745-1749.

• In July, 1749, Grierson is named as one of the provincial booksellers holding proposals for an edition of Bp. Burnet's Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles, while in October, 1749, he was also receiving subscriptions for an edition of The Whole Works of Flavius Josephus published by R. Fleming, Edinburgh. Subscriptions are taken in by the Booksellers of Edinburgh and Glasgow and by R. Fleming, the publisher, second shop below the Laigh Coffeehouse, Edinburgh, at Aberdeen by A. Thomson, and R. Farquhar; at Perth by R. Morison; at Dundee by T. Glas; at Stirling by

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  J. Jeffries; at Dumfries by J. Grierson and at Irvine by G. Leechman. (C.M., July 18, 1745; Feb. 14, 1749; Oct 5, 1749.)

GUTHRIE (------), bookseller in Dundee, 1744.

• A Defence of the Communion Office of the Church of England was sold by the booksellers of Edinburgh, Mr. Guthrie, Dundee, and Mr. Angus in Aberdeen in September, 1744. (C.M., Sept. 4, 1744.)

HALLY (WILLIAM), glazier and bookbinder in Perth, 1769-1802.

• Hally was admitted freeman to the Wright calling on 6 Jan., 1769. He is said to have died in September, 1802. He served his apprenticeship with John Bisset, bookbinder in Perth (cf. Bushnell, p. 284). (Bibliotheck, I, no. 4, p. 33.)

HAMILTON (JAMES) of Little Earnock, papermaker at Restalrig, 1691-1693.

• Hamilton was also a printer of playing cards and the cards were 'printed, made, and to be sold by James Hamilton at his house on the South side of the head of the Canongate a little above St. John's Cross, 1691.' Hamilton's mill at Restalrig was on a little stream called 'The River of Tumble.' Hamilton was still in business in 1693. (Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 70; XXVII, 43.).

HAMILTON (JOHN), printer in Edinburgh, 1767.

• John Hamilton, printer, was the publisher of a work to be printed by subscription called A Companion for the Festivals and Feasts of the Church of England by Robert Nelson. Subscriptions were taken in by John Hamilton, printer, at the foot of Burnet's Close. (A.J., May 18 1767).

HAMILTON (WILLIAM), papermaker at Penicuik, 1716.

• William Hamilton was the son of James Hamilton of Little Earnock. This Hamilton made paper at Penicuik from 1716. He acquired the mill from his famous grandmother, Mrs Agnes Campbell or Anderson. Hamilton was later a papermaker at Redhall Mill in Colinton. (Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 70; XXVII, 50.)

HENDERSON (J.), bookseller in Abernethy, 1747.

• It seems unlikely that J. Henderson gained his living only from bookselling in such a small town as Abernethy, but he is named in the imprint of The Acts and Proceedings of the Associate Synod as one of the many stockists of this work in small Scottish towns. (St A.U.L.; A.U.L.)

HENDERSON (ROBERT), warehousekeeper to the White Paper Company of Scotland, 1699-1703.

• Henderson signed on 29 July, 1699, an obligation to the tacksmen of the White Paper Company as being accountable as store and warehousekeeper to the company. On 8 May, 1703, Henderson signed another obligation undertaking to account for his intromissions. He had been imprisoned

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  in the Tolbooth, Edinburgh, 'for aledged imbazelling the effects belonging to the said manufactory,' and was released by his employers. (Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 66-67.)

HENDERSON (W.), bookseller in Dunfermline, 1747.

• The sole fact known concerning this man is that he sold The Acts and Proceedings of the Associate Synod in 1747. (St. A.U.L.; A.U.L.)

HOME (ARCHIBALD), papermaker in Dalry, 1675.

• Home's name is given by Waterston in his invaluable list. (Waterston O.E.C., XXV, 70.)

HUME (D.), bookseller in Glasgow, 1760.

• I have found no other reference to this bookseller except the fact that he is named in The Caledonian Mercury in January, 1760, as one of the Scottish booksellers selling The British Magazine or Monthly Repository for Gentlemen and Ladies. (C.M., Jan. 9, 1760.)

HUNTER (G.), printer and bookseller in Paisley, 1772.

• Hunter's name is found in 1772 in the imprint of a work entitled A Cry from the Dead, or, The Ghost of the Famous Mr. James Guthrie Appearing. . . . (cf. J. H. Baxter, A Bibliography of St. Andrews, (St Andrews [1924], no. 494).

HUTCHESON (------) or HUTCHINSON, bookseller in Greenock, 1749-1751.

• Hutchison is named as one of the booksellers stocking The New Practice of Piety, a London publication, in The Caledonian Mercury in July, 1749. In 1751 he is specifically named as a bookseller in several advertisements for Dr. Anderson's Original Pills and Lozenges. (C.M., July 31, 1749; Feb. 10, 1751; April 2, 1751.)

IMLACH (JAMES), bookseller and stationer in Banff, 1770-1773.

• In September, 1770, James Imlach and James Smith, Merchants in Banff, advertised that they had engaged a bookbinder to supply the binding needs of their customers. They also reveal that they sold books and stationery, and had a circulating library in which there were 'a large assortment of curious and entertaining Books . . . which are lent out by the Year, Half Year, or Quarter.' It is also clear from the files of The Aberdeen Journal that Imlach had book auctions in March, 1773, and sold The Aberdeen Almanack. (A.J., March 15, 1773; Jan. 4, 1773; Sept. 17, 1770.)

[To be continued.]

Notes