University of Virginia Library

A. COURSES AND DISTANCES

THE courses and distances were usually inserted in the
journals at the close of each day's record; when so
given, they have been allowed to stand in the text.
In other places, they were grouped consecutively for a number
of days, or for some stretch of the route. In such cases, we
have transferred them from the text to this division of the
record, indicating the writer of each section and the codex
wherein found.—Ed.]

Distances of the Missouri and each days assending,[1] from the mouth

                                                                                                                                     

	21	miles to St. Charles
miles 83	3¼
	18
	9
	10
	10
	18
	15½
	104¾	To the Gasconnade River S. S.
34	4
	17
	13
	138¾	Great Osarge River S. S.
63½	5
	17½
	12
	14
	14
	201¼	Mine River South Side
25	12
	13
	226¼	the two Rivers of Charlton N. S.
19	10
	9
	245¼	Old Missouri village N. S.
9	9
	254¼	Grand River North Side
110	8
	12
	10
	17½
	6¾
	7½
	10½
	3½
	11½
	13
	9¾
	364¼	To the Kanzas River South Sd.
67	7
	10
	12
	11½
	11¼
	15
	431	To upper or 2nd. old Village of the Kanzas. S. S.
49	10¾
	12
	14
	12¼
	480	To the Nordaway River N. S.
30	14
	10
	6
	510	To the Grand Nemahar River S. S.
60	20½
	9½
	9¾
	20¼
	570	Baldpated Prarie North Side
60	18
	10
	18
	14
	630	Mile = 210 Leagues to the Great River Platt on the South Side.
12	12
	642	To Camp [White Catfish July 22–28, 1804.]

[Field notes and survey of the Great Falls of the Missouri,
made by Clark, June 17–19, 1805.—Ed.[2] ]

Courses of the Missouri from the commencement of the portage below
Portage River to the most South-Eastwardly bend above the Medicine
River, noting the particular Cataracts cascades and the hight they fall
as measured; together with an estimate of the decline of the water in
rapids &c. &c. Sept. [June] 17 & 18th. 1805. (S. E. Side)

                                                                               

				feet
S.	9°. E	286	poles to the enterence of portage river 55} yds. wide at 80 poles a rapid of 4 feet, the computed decent of the water above is 4 feet together makes	8
S	10°. W.	280	Po: from the enterance of portage River up the Lard Side of the Missouri, the computed distance the water [falls] in this distance is about 10 feet	10
S	10°. E	160	Po. d° . . d° . . d° . . d° . . Decent of	6
South		240	Po. d° . . d° . . d° . . d° computed decent of	18
S.	81°. W.	400	Po. d° . . d° . . d° . . d° computed decent of passing a deep small rivene in this course.	13
S.	15°. W.	160.	Poles. the decent of the water within which distance is about five feet river inclosed in rocks	5
S	75°. W.	80.	Poles. to the enterance of a Steep rivene at which there is a fall of 3 feet which aded to the probable decent of the water in that distance 2 feet makes	5
N.	82°. W.	340.	Poles. to the Grand Cataract of 87 feet 3/4 of an inch. Computed decent of water in this distance 6 feet. The river at this Cataract 280 yards wide and just below 93 yards wide total	93	3/4
S	24°. W.	90	Poles. passing a fall of 2 feet purpinducular which added to the estimated decent of 13 feet within the first 200 yds. next above the Cataract makes a decent in this distance rather more than	15
S	19°. W.	80.	Poles. passing a rivene and cascade decent about	3
S	11°. W.	80	Poles. passing a Cascade of 4 feet, which together with the probable decent of the water 2 feet is	6
S	31°. W	320	Poles. opposit to a rapid of 3 feet 6 inch fall which added to the probable decent of the water within this distance of 5 feet 6 inches is	9
		2616	river inclosed in rocks of a Dark colour	191	3/4
S	52°. W.	178	Poles. through a handsom leavel plain, the river makeing a bend to the right decent of the water probably about three feet	3
S	40°. W.	970	Poles. to a fall of 19 feet, below which there is a deep rivene at the enterance of which a fall of 5 feet which added to the probable decent in this distance of 10 feet makes	34
N.	84°. W.	102	Poles to the 2nd. Great Cataract of 47 feet 8 inches the river at this Cataract is 473 yards wide and confined clifts of rocks	47.8
N.	86°. W.	135	Poles. passing a fall of 6 feet 7 inches which added to the probable decent of the water above the pitch of 47 feet 8 inches makes a fall of	14.7
S	49°. W.	58	Poles along the river water verry rapid a probable decline of 2 feet	2
S	78°. W.	156	Poles. to a large fountain near the river probable decent of the water in this distance may be 3 feet	3
S	25°. W.	124	Poles. on the river passing several small rapids and swift water the probable decent in this instance four feet	4
S	35°. W.	240	Poles. passing a rock in the river an three trees on the Lard. Bank the fall of the water within this distance at least 8 feet	8
S	58°. W.	88	Poles. up the river, the probable decent in this distance Eighteen inches	1.6
S	40°. W.	80	Poles. to the upper pitch of 26 feet 5 inches river is here 580 yards wide. to this fall add the probable decent in this distance of 2 feet, also [o]ne pitch above of 5 feet, and the decent from the head of the rapids of 18 feet exclusive of the 5 feet pitch makeing in all 38 feet 5 inches fall	51.5
		4747	poles Total Falls☞	360.2	3/4
= 14 miles 3/4 and 27 poles
S.	81°. W.	320	Poles to the head of the rapids passed a rivene
S.	55°. W.	130	Poles along the river. low banks
S	36°. W.	278	Poles to a tree on the edge of the water passd. a grove at 120 poles opposit to which the river is 1400 yards wide
S	6°. W.	140	Poles. to a small grove at a rapid on Ld Side.
S	64°. E.	78	Poles to the lower point of a timber in a deep bend.
S	14°. E.	90	Poles to a tree in the bend opposit to some low timber.
S	17°. W.	160	Poles to the river opposit to the enterance of Medicine River which is 137 yards wide, and the Missouri just above it is 300 yards wide.
S	1°. W.	88	Poles opposit to the lower point of a Small Island.
S.	45°. E	170	Poles. to some low timber near some old Lodges.
S.	13°. E.	380	Poles. to the river opposit the lower point of White Bear Island
N.	88°. E.	70	Poles. opposit to the lower point of a Second Island which is small.
N.	71°. E.	120	Poles. to a rockey hill side opposit to a third Island which is seperated from the Lard Shore by a very narrow chanel.
S	25°. E	664	poles to a bend of the river, passing the upper points of the 1st. & 3rd. Islands (at our camp) at 144 poles, and flattery run at 284 further river wide still low banks.
S	70°. E.	160	Poles to the top of a high hill near the moste extreme S Easterly bend of the river. from this point the Missouri bears S 85°. W. for about 10 miles. the gap of the Mts. where the Missouri enters bears S. 25°. W. [blank space in MS.] miles and the Pinical of the South Mts. bears N 84° E.

☞from this Survey and estimate it results, that the Missouri experiences
a decent of 360 feet 2 inches and 3/4 in the distance of [14 3/4]
Miles and [27] Poles.

Portage No. 1

The course from the White Bear Islands above the portage N. 42°. E
4 miles leaveing the riveens of flattery run to the right. thence a course
to the South Extremity of a ridge North of the South Mountains for 8
miles & a half passing three riveens, the 2d. is willow run. 11 miles
from the Islands. Thence a course to the highest pinical of the North
Mountain, leaveing the riveens of Portage or red Creek to the right, &
the riveens of the river to the left to the mouth of Portage Creek 4
miles & a half, to the perogue which is on the river North Side &
nearly opposit the place we buried Sundery articles is 1 mile down the
river, The Swivel we hid under the rocks in a clift near the river a
little above our lower camp

Courses & Distance from White Bear Islands to the mouth of Portage Creek

             

N	42°. E	4 miles to a ellevated part of the Plain
N	66°. E	3 miles passed the head of a Drean
N	45°. E	4 miles to willow run
N.	18 E.	4 miles passed the head of a Drean
N.	10° W.	2 miles to the mouth of Portage Creek
N.	9. W.	3/4 & 46 P. to the perogue on South side of the R.
		17 3/4 & 46 P. Portage through an open butifull plain

Course of the Missouri through the 1st. Rocky Mountain and distance
estimated.[3]

                                                                             

		miles
S.	20°. W.	3/4	to a high clift the mountain on L.S. passed the Pine Island at 1/4 a Small run above on L.S. & the Ld. & Std points.
West		1/4	to a bend on the Stard Side High Clifts
South		1/4	to a bend on the Larboard Side d°
N.	60°. E	1/2	to a bend on the Starboard Side d° passed an Island
S.	20°. W.	1/2	to a bend on the Larboard Side d°
West		1/2	to a bend on the Starboard Side d°
S.	30°. E	1	to a bend on the Lard Side passd an Island L.
West		1 1/4	to a bend on the Starboard Side
S.	5° W	1/2	to a point of rocks in a Lard. bend
N.	75°. W	3/4	to a bend on the Stard Side (Campd 17 July) Clifts
S.	15 W	1 1/4	to a Lard bend a high Clift of M:
West		1 1/4	to the mouth of Dearbourn's River Std. Side 80 yds. wide & furnishes a considerable qty. of water & has a gravelery bottom
S.	45. W	2 1/2	to a Starboard bend
S.	8°. E	6 1/2	to the Center of a bend on the Lard Side passing Several Small bends passed a Small Creek on Lard. at 1 mile an Island on Std.
S.	80°. W.	1/2	to a tree in the center of the Stard. bend
S.	20°. W.	1 1/2	to the center of the Stard bend psd. an Isd.
S.	70°. E	1/4	to a bluff in the Stard bend
S.	75 W.	1 1/2	to the Center of the Std bend passing a Small Creek at 1/2 M on Std Side
S.	5°. W	1/2	to the enterence of a large Creek 30 yards wide in the Stard bend ordways creek
S.	30° E	2 1/2	to the center of a bend on the Lard Side the vallie now widens
S.	40°. W.	3/4	to the center of a Stard Bend
S.	85°. E	2	to the center of a Lard bend passing three short bends. (campd. 18th July)
South		1/4	to a pine tree on the Stard. Side bend
S.	85° E	2	to the center of a Lard bend
S	38°. W	1	to a pine in the Std. bend
South		1 1/2	to the Center of the Stard. bend
N.	10°. W.	2 1/2	to the Center of the Lard. bend
S.	30 E	1 1/4	to the Center of the Stard. Bend
S.	25°. E	4 1/2	to the Center of the Lard. Bend
S.	28°. W	1	to the Center of the Stard. bend passing two Islands near the commencement
S.	60°. E	1 1/4	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
N.	70° E	1 1/2	to the enterence of a Small Creek in a Lard bend passing an Island near Stard Side
S.	25° E	1 1/2	to a point of rocks in a bend on the Std. side those rock[s] put in to the river on both Sides, are purpendicular and about 1200 feet high, this place has So Singular appearance that I call it the gate, the water appears to have forced its way through this emence body of Solid rock, and thrown on either Side below Collums of rock mountains high
S.	55°. E	1/4	to the Center of a Lard Bend
S	10° W	3 1/2	to a bend on the Lard Side passing an Isld. at 1 1/4 in Center of the river (campd. 19th July.)
S.	40°. W	1/2	to a high rock in a Lard Bend here the high and perpundicular rocks Cease and the Vallies widen to more than their usial extent Since we have entered the mountains
S.	55°. W.	1	to the center of the Stard Bend at which place a large Creek falls in behind Some Islands on the Stard Side Potts Creek Indians set the Prarie on fire up this Crk
		50 1/4

Course of the Missouri from the Gate to the three forks.[4]

                                                                                                                                                       

S.	64°. E	2 1/2	to the center of the Lard Bend, passing two Islands, the hills again the banks of the river at 1 3/4 miles
S.	15°. E	1/4	to the center of a Starboard bend
East		1 1/2	to the center of a Lard. Bend passed Some Islands on the Lard Side
S.	12°. E	1 1/2	to the Center of a Stard. Bend passing a Small Creek on Lard. Side at 3/4 of a M.
S.	50°. E	1 1/4	to the Center of a Lard. Bend
S.	20° E	2 1/2	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
S.	65 E	2	to a point in the Stard. Bend, passed three Islands at 1 m
N.	75°. E	2	to the Center of a Lard. Bend passing an Island. (Camped 20th July)
S.	5°. W.	1/2	to a Lard. Point opsd. an Island
S.	30°. E	1	to the center of a Lard Bend the hills now become low and the Countrey opens on either Side.
S.	25°. W.	3	to the center of a Stard. bend passing a large Island on the Lard. Side 1 m
S.	80°. E.	3 1/2	to a pt. in the Stard Bend passing a large Creek on Stard. Side at 2 1/2 M Pryors vally Creek 28 yds wide
N.	40°. E	1	to the Center of a Lard. Bend
S	65°. E	3	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
S.	60° E	3 1/2	to the Center of a Stard. Bend, throughout this the river is divided by a number of Small Islands near the Stard. Side wide bottoms on the Lard. (Campd. 21st July)
N.	75°. E.	2 1/4	to a Lard. Bend 1 m above a large Island
S	34° E	3	to the center of a Stard. bend at the upper point of an Island called onion Island
S.	80°. E	1 1/2	to a Stard. bend passing Several Islands
N.	45°. E	1	to a Lard. bend passing Several Islands
S	25°. E	6	passing four long Circular bends, and Several large Islands to a point of the Bluff Stard. Side a large Creek Well timbered falls in on the Star. Side 3/4 of a mile below the extremity, I call White paint Creek.
S.	12°. E	6	to a Bluff point on the Stard. Side passing on a direct line thro' a General bend the debth of which is 3 miles : within this general bend there are four Smaller circular bends, bottoms continue wide the river Crooked and full of Islands &c. Encamped 22 July 4 m Short of the distance of this course by water.
S.	20°. E	2	to a point of the Stard. Bluff
N.	60° E	1 1/2	to a Lard. Bend passing a large Island on Stard.
S	30 E	1 1/2	to a Stard. Bend passing the upper point of the Island at 1/2 a mile.
S	70°. E	1 3/4	to the Center of the Lard. Bend passing two out lets to the river on the Stard.
S	5°. E	1 1/2	to the lower point of an Island, the river 300 yards wide at this place
S	20°. E	2	to the center of a Lard bend passed an Isld.
S.	10°. W	1 1/2	to the center of a Stard bend
S.	80°. E	1	to a point in Stard bend
N.	85° E	3	to a tree in the Center of the Lard. Bend
S.	20° W.	3	to a Stard. Bend passing over a large Island comencing at 2 miles, a Creek
N	70° E	1 1/2	to a point of high timber on Stard. Side
S.	20° W.	2	to Some dead timber in the Center of a Stard. bend. (encamped 23d. July)
S.	40°. E	1	to a Lard. bend passing between 2 large Islands
S	50°. W.	1/2	to the Center of Stard. bend opposit an Island
S.	15°. E	1 1/2	to a point of high timber in a bend on the Lard. Side.
S.	40° W	1 1/4	to the Center of a Stard. Bend low Bluffs touching the river at this point.
South		3 1/2	to a Bluff Point in a Stard. bend, passing an Island on Stard. Side
S.	85°. E	1/2	to a Lard. Bend opposit opsd. a large Plain
S.	30° E	1	to a Bluff point in Stard. Bend
East		3/4	to a point in the Lard. bend passing a Small Island.
S	30°. E	3	to the lower point of a large Island
S.	85° E	1 1/2	to a tree in the Lard. Bend
South		1/2	to a tree on the Stard. Shore opposit the upper point of an Island
S.	80. E	1	to the Center of a Lard. Bend passing the upper point of an Island on Lard.
S.	10°. W.	1 1/2	to the Center of a Stard. Bend passg an Island at 3/4 of a mile
East		2	to the Center of a Lard. bend passing two Small Islands (Campd. 24th July)
S.	25°. W.	1	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
S.	10°. W.	1 1/4	to a point in a Stard. Bend passing a Small Island on Lard. Side
S.	5°. W.	3 1/2	to a point in a Stard. Bend
S.	40°. E.	1 1/4	to a tree in the Stard. bend passing a point on Lard. at 1/2 a mile
N.	80° E	2 1/2	to the a Stard Bend passing a Small Island at 1/2 a mile Gass's Crick
South		3	to the center of a Stard. Bend
S.	75°. E	1 1/2	to a Bluff Point on Stard. here the river again enters the mountains I believe it to be the 2d Chain of Rocky Mts.
S.	55°. E	1	to a point in a Lard Bend
S	30°. E	1/2	to a point in a Lard Bend
South		1/2	to a Clift of rocks in the Lard Bend. (Camped 25th of July)
N.	45°. W	1/4	to a object in the Stard. bend.
S.	60°. W	1	to a point in Lard. bend passed four Small Islands.
S	55°. W.	1/2	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
S.	65°. E	1	to a Clift of rocks in a Stard. Bend passing 2 Small Islands.
N.	65°. E	1	to the enterence of a Creek in Lard. bend
S.	15. E	1	to the enterence of a Small run in the Lard. bend the hills here recede from R. call it Howards Creek
S.	55°. W.	1 1/2	to the center of a Stard. bend
S.	12 W.	2 1/2	to a point in the Stard. bend
S.	15°. E	3 1/2	to a point of high timber on the Lard. passing 3 Islands undr. Lard. Shore
S.	25°. W.	1	to the Center of a Stard. Bend
East		1 1/4	to the Center of a Lard. bend psd. Sdy. Isds.
S.	20°. E	2 1/2	to the Centr of Lard bend psd. Sevrl.. Sm. IsldS. L.S.
S.	48°. W.	1 1/2	to a rock in the Center of Lard. bend (Encamped 26th July)
N.	65°. W.	1/2	to the Center of Stard. bend passed an Isl'd. Std.
South		1 1/4	to a Clift of high rock on Stard. here the river is again confined between high hills
S.	2°. E.	2 1/2	to the Center of a Lard. bend passd. Sml. Isd.
S.	45°. W.	1 1/4	to the upper part of a high Clift of rocks in a Stard. bend. opposit to the Mouth or enterence of the East fork of the Missouri we call Gallitins River 70 yds.
S.	45°. W.	1/4	to the junction of the North & Middle fork of of the Missouri each of these streams is from 90 to 90 [originally written 40 to 60.—Ed.] yards wide a Strong Current dischargeing much water. Middle fork Maddisons River & the North fork Jeffersons River we assended it (Encamped on N. fork the 27th. 28th. & 29th July)
		130 1/4

Course and Distance up the Main North fork of the Missouri.[5]
(July 30th.)

                                                                                                                                         

		miles
N.	45°. W.	1/4	to a small Bayou in the Stard. Bend
S	30 W.	1/2	to a Starboard bend
S	20°. E	1/4	to a Larboard bend. encamped 27th. 28th. & 29th on Lard in an island.
N.	70° W.	1/4	to a Starboard bend
S.	20 W	1/2	to a Std. bend passing an Island on Std. Side.
S.	80° E	1/4	to a Larboard bend
S.	50° W	1/2	to the lower point of an Island
South		1/2	to a Lard. Bend
S.	45°. W.	1/8	to a tree in the Lard Bend
N.	45° W	1/4	to the upper point of an Island
West		1/2	to bend on Lard. opposit an Island
N.	60°. W	1/8	to a Chanel passing thro' the Island
South		1/4	to a Lard bend opsd. an Island passed several Small Bayoes Lard Side
West		1/2	to the upper point of an Island passing a Bayou on the Lard. Side
S.	70°. W	1/4	to a Bayou on the Lard Side
West		1	to the upper point of an Island passing the upper point one other at 1/4, one at 3/4 of a mile & two Bayous on the L.S.
S.	60° W	1	to a high band on Stard. bend
S.	35°. W	3/4	to the upper point of a Bluff in a Stard. bend opposit an Island
S.	45°. E	3/4	to the Lard. bend passd the pt. of an Island & a Bayou
S.	35°. W	1/4	to the Lard bend opposit an Island
West		1/4	to the Stard. bend opposit an Island psd. 1
S.	30°. W	3/4	to an Island in the Stard. bend opposit a high plain
S.	20°. W.	S1 1/4	to a Clift of rocks under a Mountain S.S. passed an Island
South		1/2	to a point on the Stard Side
S.	30. W.	1/4	to a high Clift of uneaven rock on the Stard. Side opsd. an Island
S	45°. W.	1/8	to the Stard. bend under a Clift
S.	45°. E	1/4	to a Bayou in the Lard. Bend passing an Island
S	60° W	1/8	to Bayou in the Stard. bend above an Isld.
S.	50°. E	1/4	to a Bayou Lard bend opposit Several Small Islands
S.	45°. W.	1/4	to the Mouth of a Bayou Ld bend
S.	20° W	1/4	to a Bayou in the Lard. bend passing the upper point of an Island Lard
S.	70° W	1/4	to the Std. bend. (Encamped 30th July)
West		1/8	to a Bayou in the Stard bend
South		1	to a Bayou on the Lard. Side at the mouth of a [Pholosipy] river Damed by the Beaver 8 feet
West		3/4	to the Stard. Bend at the mouth of a Bayou passed 2 Small Islands one on each Side
South		1/2	to the Lard. Bend opposit 2 Islands
SW.		1/2	to the Lard. Side passed a Bavou L.S.
West		1/2	to a tree in the Stard. Bend
South		1/8	in the Stard. Bend
S.	60° E	1/4	to a Prarie above willows on Lard. Side
S.	25° W	1/4	to the lower point of an Island
East		1/8	to the 2nd. mouth of the little river L.Sd.
S	20° W	1 1/4	to a bend on the Stard. Side passd. 2 Small Isds.
S.	25°. E	1/4	to a Lard bend passed the place I crossed the 26 inst: river 100 yds wide 3 feet deep.
SW		1/8	to a Stard. Bend
South		1/4	to a Lard. bend
S	20° W	3/4	to the Lard. bend opsd. an Island
West		1/2	to a Small Bayou in Lard. bend
S	60°. W	1	to the head of the Island
S	45° W.	1 1/4	to a Clift of a mountain on the Lard. Side passed the (Island on Stard.)
S	80° W	1/2	to a Clift of a Knob on the Std. Sd. Here the Clifts jut in on both sides leaveing a narrow bottoms.
SW.		3/4	to a Low Bluff above the Lard. Clift in a Lard Bend
NW.		1	to a point of rocks on the Stard. Side upper part of the Clift.
S	80° W	1/4	to a Lard Bend, an Island Lard. Side
N.	80 W	1	to the Stard. Bend passed an Isld.
S.	60° W	3/4	to a Small Island in the Stard. Bend
South		1/8	to a tree in the Lard Side
S	70° W	3/4	to a Stard. Bend passed an Isld.
S	20° W.	1 3/4	to the foot of a mountain in a bend to the Lard Side
N.	70°. W.	3/4	to a Starboard bend
S.	70° W.	1/2	to Some bushes in a Lard bend passed the mouth of a Small run Ld (Encamped 31st. July)
N.	30°. W.	1	to a Point of rocks on the Lard Side, at this place the river passes thro a Spur of the Mountain of Perpendiculr Clifts
N.	60°. W	3/4	to the uppar part of a rock in Std. bend
S.	70° W	1 1/2	to a Clift on the Lard. Side
S.	W.	1/2	to a Stard Bend
S.	26 W.	1 3/4	to a Bluff on Stard Side.
South		1/2	to the Lard bend, at this place the river enter a high mountn. of Steep uneaven Clifts
	Miles	37

Continued August 1st 1805[6]

                                                                                               

N.	30° W	1 1/4	to a Stard. Bend under a high Clift
N.	80°. W	1/4	to a Clift of high rocks in Std. bend a Small bottom on the Lard. Side
S.	60° W.	1/2	to a Lard. Bend, under a pine hill
N.	25°. W.	1/4	to a Small Island on the Lard Side
N.	30 E	1/4	to the Stard. Bend high Clifts both Sds.
N.	80°. W	3/4	to the Mouth of a bold Creek on the Lard Side passing an Isld and riffle of 6 feet fall [Frasures fall & Creek] here the river again enters a vallie
North		1/2	to the Stard. bend under a hill
NW.		1/2	to a Lard. bend
N.	70° W	1 1/2	to the point of an Island passed Several Small Islands
North		1/4	to a Stard. bend
West		3/4	to the lower point of an Island
NW		1/4	to the mouth of a large Creek Std. [R. Fields Creek & Vally] 28 yd. wd. (Encamped the 1st of augt.)
S.	80° W.	3/4	to a Stard. Bend
S.	30° W	1/4	to a Lard. Bend
West		1/4	to a Bayou in the Lard. Bend
North		1/2	to a Stard. bend passing a riffle and 2 Small Islands
S.	30°. W	3/4	to a Lard. bend passed an Island
N.	45°. W.	1/2	to a Std. bend passed a Bayoe Ld.
West		2	to an Island passing two points on the Lard. Side two Islands and Several Bayous on the Lard Side th [e] Vallie from 6 to 10 mile wide
South		1 1/8	to a Lard Bend
NW		1/4	to a Stard bend of the Island
S	40° W	1/8	in the Stard. bend of the Isld.
S.	60 E.	1/4	to a Lard. bend passing the point of the Island on the Stard. Side
SW		1/2	in the Lard. bend
N.	10° W.	3/4	in the Stard. bend passed a Bayou
N.	80°. W	1/4	in the Stard. Bend of an Island
S.	30°. W	3/4	to a Lard. Bend passed the Island
North		1/4	to a Stard. Bend
S.W.		1	to the mouth of 3 Bayoes in a Std. bend
S.	30°. E	1/2	in a Lard. Bend
S.	50° W		1/8 in the Lard Bend
N.	20° W	1/2	to a Bayoe in the Stard. Bend
S.	20°. W	1/2	to a Lard. Bend
N.W.		1/4	to a low Bluff in a Stard. Bend
S.W.		1/8	in a Stard. Bend passd. a Bayou Std. Side
S.	20°E	1/2	to a Lard Bend
S.	50°W	1/4	to a lower point of an Island
West		1/4	to a Stard. Bend passing a Bayoe on the Std. Side and the Isd. to a Bayoe Std.
S.	60° E	1/2	to a Lard. Bend passed an Isld.
S.	45° W	1/4	to a Bayou in the Stard. bend
South		1/4	to a Lard Bend
S.	60°. W.	1/2	to a Stard. Bend at the mouth of a Bayoe rapid & 30 yds wide
S.E.		1/8	in the Stard. Bend
East		1/8	to the Lard Bend
South		1/2	to the Mo: of a Bayoe in Stard. Bend
S.	70°. W	3/4	to a Stard. Bend
South		1/4	to a high bottom in a Stard. Bend
S.	70° E	1/2	to a Lard. Bend (Campd. 2d. August)

3d Augt.

                                                                     

South		1/2	in a Lard. Bend
West	1	1/4	to a Stard. Bend
S.	W.	1/2	to the Stard. Bend a Small Creek [called panther C.]
S.	20° W.	1/2	in the Stard. Bend
S.	80°. E.	1 1/4	to the Lower point of an Island
South		1/4	to a Std. point of the Island
S.	30° E	1/4	to a Bayoe in the Island
South		1 1/2	to the upper point of the Island haveing passed 3 points undr. a Cliff
S.	10° W.	4	on a Direct line to the mouth of a Creek Small the
			Dreans of a mountain in which there is Snow in view, river passed under this Mountain on the Lard. Side & has Several Short bends in this Course Vallie wide & to the Stard Side
S	25°.	W. 1	to a Small run in a Lard. bend
S.	60°.	W. 1	to a low Stoney Bluff in a Stard. bend opposit an Island, passd. 1
S.	20° W	1	to the lower point of a Island Ld. passed one and thro a narrow rockey Channel under the bluff (Encamped the 3 of Augt.)
S.	45°. W.	5	on a Direct Course to a Lard. bend passed 4 bends to the Lard. Side & several Bayoes on either Side
S.	20°. W.	4	with the river to a Bluff on the Lard. side, passed three bends on the Stard. and two Small Islands & 2 Bayoes Sd.
S.	60°. W.	6	with the river to an Island passed Six round bends on the Stard. and several Small Bayoes. (Campd. 4th. Augt.)
S.	45°. E	1/2	to a Lard. bend. a Bayou Ld. Side
S.	15 W	1/2	to a Stard. bend passed an Island
South		1	to a Lard. bend psd. a Small Island and a Bayou on the Stard. Side
S.	45°. W.	1/4	to a Stard. Bend passed an Island
S.	30° W	2	to a low Clift at the mouth of a Bayoe on the Stard. Side passed 3 rapids in this course
S.	60°. E	1/2	to a Lard bend passed an Island Std. Side
S.	30° W.	1/2	to a Bluff in the Stard. bend
South		1/4	in the Stard. bend passed a bad rapid
S	45°. E	1/4	to a Lard bend
South		1/2	to a Bluff in a Stard. bend
S.	45°. E.	1/2	to a Lard. bend
S.	15°. W.	1/4	to a Stard. bend under a Bluff
East		1/2	to a Lard Bend passed a Bayoe on Std. Side
S	5° W	1/4	to a Bayoe in the Lard. Bend
S.	45° W	1/2	to a Stard. bend passed an Island
West		1/4	to a Bayoe in the Stard. Bend
S.	45° E	1/4	to a Lard. Bend passed an Island
South		1/2	to the forks, passed an Island. Those forks is nearly of the Same Size the NW. fork the most rapid & clear and the one most in our course, the S.E. fork is Still of a Greenish Colour and appears to come from the S.E. between two mountains
		98	up the North fork

assended the N.W. Fork 9 Miles on a Course S. 30°. W. to a Bluff
on the Stard. Side passed Several Bayoes & Islands

Course Distance &c. above Wisdom River

August 7th.[7]

 

S.

45°. E

7 miles by water 3 miles by land to the mouth of a Creek 12 yds. wide on the Lard. Side passed Seven bends to the Stard. side and Several Small Bayoes on each side.

Courses of August 8th.

   

South		5 miles by water 2 m. by land passing seven bends on the Lard Side two Islds. & several Bayoes to the mouth of Philanthophy river on the Lard. Side 30 yds. wide & navagable
S.	20° W.	14 miles by water & 6 by land on a Direct Course to a fiew high trees on the Stard. Side the river bending round to the East 2 miles from this course, passed an Island at 1 mile, another at 7 miles, Several small Bayoes & 35 bends to the Stard. most of those bends are Short & round.

August 9th.

   

S.	12°. W.	11 miles by water 4 miles derect to a Starbd. bend passd. two Small islands, 16 short round bends on the Stard. Side. we Dined
S.	10° E	3 miles by water 1 m. direct to a high bottom on the Lard Side passed an Island, a Bayoe on the Lard. Side. four Short bends on the Stard. Side.

August 10th

   

S.	30°. W.	6 1/2 miles by water 2 miles Direct to a Clift of rocks 150 feet high Std Side Called by the Snake Indians the Beavers head, a Clift 300 distant from the Beavers head about 50 feet high passed 8 bends on the Stard. Side two Small bayoes on the Lard. Side
S.	60° W.	6 1/2 miles by water (2 miles on the course) to a low bluff on the Lard. Side, passed four Island [s] & 18 bends on the Stard. Side passing near a low bluff on Stard. Sd. passed Several Small Bayoes.

August 11th..

     

S.	20°. W.	3 miles by water 1 m. by land to the lower point of 3000 mile Island passed three Small Islands, 6 bends on the Stard. Side, 6 Bayoes on either Side
S.	25°. W.	3 1/2 miles by water 1 1/2 m. by land to the head of the Island Passed Sevin bends on the Lard. Side of the Islands & 2 Bayoes on the Lard. Side. The Stard. Channel passes near the Bluffs
South	7 1/2	miles by water 2 1/2 m. by land to the head of a large Island, the main Chanel on the Lard. Side, passed 3 Small Islands and Several Small Bayoes and 15 bends on the Stard. Side

August 12th

     

S.	8°. W.	5 1/2 Miles by water 2 miles direct to the head of a large Island, main Chanel on the Stard. Side passed maney Bayoes, 3 Islands, & 9 bends on the Stard. Side
S.	10° W.	6 1/2 miles by water 2 ms. by land to a Stard. bend passed four Small Islands and 2 large Island [s] Several Bayoes and a number of Short bends. passed a run on the Star. Side
	79

August 13th.

   

South	4	miles by water 1 [m. by land] to a point of ruged rocks about 70 feet high on the Stard. Sd. Passed the head of the Island opsd to which we Encamped at 2 1/2 Ms. the mouth of a Creek bold running Stream 7 yards wide back of an Island on the Lard Side Mc. Neal Creek
S.	30° W.	6 miles by water 3 m by land to the Clift of high rocks on the Stard. Side passed Several Islands and Bayoes on either Side, the river verry Crooked & bends Short

August 14th

     

S.	14°. W.	22	miles by water the river makeing a Genl. Bend to the East 8 miles by land to a place the river Passes a mountain high Clifts on either side, river crooked Cold rapid & Sholey, almost one continued rapid passed a number of bayoes & Small Islands passed a bold running Stream on the Stard. Side 4 yards wide & 3 feet deep at 7 miles, passed a bold running
			Stream from a Spring on the Lard Side at 15 Miles. Encamped the 13th. of august at 6 miles on Ld. Side Encamped 14th. of august at 20 miles on the Lar Side, a high Clift on the Course 3 miles near the upper part of which the Creek passes
		111

Course and distance of the River Jefferson Continued[8]

Augt 15th.

     

S.	25°. W.	6 Miles by water (4 by land) to the Mo: of a Creek 10 yards wide bold current I call Willards Creek Passed a point of rocks on the Stard. Side at 2 miles, one on the Lard. at 5 miles passed a bold running Stream at 4 miles on the Lard. Side & an Isld
S.	22° E	3 miles by water (1 mile by land) to a Small bottom on the Lard Side passed a high Clift on the Stard. opposit is a high slopeing hill
S.	20°. W	6 Miles by water (2 by land) to a Small branch on the Lard Side passed no wood except Srub. Clear bottom

(16th August)

       

S.	18°. W	7 miles by water (3 by land) to a Lard bend under a low bluff, the river bending to the Std. under Some high land verry crooked Shallow rapid & Small, passed Several Island[s] 4 of them opposit each other. Service berry Vallie
S.	12° W	4 Miles by water (2 by land) to a high Clift on the Stard. Side pass Several Small Isds. & Bayoes
S.	50°. E.	1 1/2 m. by water (1 by land) to the mouth of a bold running Stream on the Lard Side opposit a Considerable rapid Clifts on both Sides below high Std. above
S.	45°. W	1/2 mile to the lower point of an Isld. in the middle

(17th August)

   

S.	30°. W.	10 Miles by water 4 by land to a high Knob in the forks of the river. river bending to the Stard. Side. met Indians & Encamped to make a Portage
		mils 39

[Distances from the Narrows to mouth of Columbia].[9]

                                           

From Timm or long narrows to the first village Std Side	14	14
To friendly village	6
To Pilgrim rocks	7	13
To Catteract River & vilg.	11
To a village on Std. 3 houses Comsmt. of Mountain	9
To [blank space in MS.] River 60 yd. Std Sd.	12
To the Great Shute	6	38
To the last rapid	6	44
To Quick Sand River on the West side of Mountain	26	26
To Tomahawk village S.	16
To a vilg on Lard. Side at which place Mt. Ranier may be seen	20
To pt. opsd. a large village behd. an Island	12
To the narrows of a low mountain	11	59
To a village or 2 Houses Lard. side	16
To a village North of some low marshey Islands Std.	33
To 4 houses under a Std. Hill	15
To Shallow Bay	16
To [blank space in MS.] Inlet	8	88
To Point open Slope below the Station Camp 1805	3
To Chinnook R. Haley's bay	12
To Point Disapt.	13	28
	147

From the M. of the Creek No. 1 to a point up the River on the opposite
Side No. 1 is S. 88°. E.[10]

• To the nearest pinical of the mountain is S. 44°. E.

• To point No. 2, is S. 30°. E.

• To Lower point No. 3 is S. 50°. W.

• To a stake is S. 71°. W. 82 poles to a 2d stake is S. 75°. W. 112 poles
  at a vilg. of 26 Houses, thence to a stake is S. 84 W. 88 poles at a run

• To the Stake at Camp N. 89°. West 94 Poles

From Camp

• To the pt No. 1 is East

• To the Mountain is S. 49. E

• To point No. 2. S. 47°. E.

---

23





• To point No. 3. S. 41°. W.

• To Cape Disapt. S. 88 West

• Down the river N. 77°. W

• 134 Poles to a Creek and (N. 5 West in a bend)

• To the mountain & Point No. 2 in same course S. 49°. E.

• To Point No. 3. S. 35°. W.

• To Cape Disapt. is S. 87°. W.

• To a Point between N. 80 West about 1 mile

• To point Addams is S. S. E. from Camp

Courses and estimated distances from the Quawmash Flats on the
West side of Rocky Mountains to Travellers rest.[11]

                                       

		ms.
East.—			11 to Collins's Creek 25 yds. wide, passing a small prarie at 9 ms. road hilly, thickly timbered.
N.	45°.	E.	13 to the crossing of Fish Creek 10 yds. wide passing a small creek at 6 ms.
N.	75°.	E.	9. to a small branch of hungry Creek, the road passing along a ridge with much fallen timber. some snow at the extremity of this course.
N.	22 1/2	E.	5. to the heads of the main branch of hungry Creek. road hilly, some snow.
N.	75°.	E.	3. down hungry Creek on its No[r]th side, passing 2 small branches on it's N. side, the 1st. at 1/2 M and the 2nd. at 1 1/2 ms. further.
N.	75°.	E.	6. still continuing on the N. side of the creek to the foot of the mountain, passing 3 north branches and 1 South branch of the Crek.
N.	45°.	E.	3. to the summit of the mountain where we deposited our baggage on the 17th. inst.
N.	45°.	E.	15. to an open prarie on the side of a mountain having kept the dividing ridge between the Waters of the Kooskooske and Chopunnish rivers.
N.	45°.	E.	28. to an open prarie on the South side of a mountain, having still kept the same dividing ridge mentioned in the last Course, though you ascend many steep mountains and decend into many deep hollows.
East—		3.	to the extremity of a ridge where we decend to a deep hollow. much fallen timber caused in the first instance by fire and more recently by a storm from S. W.
N.	45°. E.	10.	along a high snowey ridge to an open hillside of considerable Extent passing the road at 4 1/2 ms. which turns off to the right and leads by the fishery at the entrance of Colt Creek.
N.	45°. E.	12.	To the quawmash flatts at the head of a branch of the Kooskooske, passing the Kooskoske 35 yd. wide at 5 miles, from hungry Creek to this river the road may be said to be over snow as so small a proportion of it is distitute of it. after passing this river the road dose not agin ascend to the snowy hights. at 7 ms. on this course again fell into the road which leads by the fishery about 4 ms. above the mouth of Quawmash Creek.
North—			4. to the Hotspring Creek on the main branch of travellers rest.
N.	20°.	E.	3. to the warm or hot Springs down the N. side of the creek.
N.	20°.	E.	3. down the creek passing a Northern branch 3 yds. wide at 1. M. also the Creek itself twice a short distance below the Northern bran[ch]
N.	45°.	E.	10. along the North side of the creek to the entrance of a N. branch of the same 8 yds. wide, a road leads up this branch.
N.	60°.	E.	9. down the N. side of travellers rest creek to the prarie of the Creek and the Vally of Clark's R.
East—			9 to our encampment on the S. side of travellers rest, passing the creek 1 M. above and 2 from its mouth
Total		156

Courses and Computed Distances from the Enterance of Travellers
rest Creek into Clarks River to the Falls of Missouri[12]

     

North		7	Miles to the crossing of Clarks river, vally wide the top of the hills covered with long leafed pine. bottoms pine & Cotton wood passed a Small branch
			at 3 miles on W Side and at 1 M. further a Small Creek on the E. Side. at 5 miles Clarks river is joined by an Easterly fork 120 yards wide.
N	75°.	E.	7. Miles through a handsom leavel plain to the point where the East fork enters the mountains, or where the hills close it in on both Sides, passed a large Creek 15 yd. wide at 6 miles also one at 3 miles.

July 4

       

S	75°.	E.	3 miles allong the North Side of the river, the bottoms widen. a prarie.
N.	45°.	E.	1 M. passing a small branch at the extremity of this course.
S.	45°.	E	1 M. to the forks of the East fork of Clarks river a handsom wide plain below on the South Side.
East			8 Miles on a Buffalow road up Co-kah-lah-ish-kit river through a timbered Country Mountains high rocky and but little bottom land pore.

July 5th.

             

N.	75°.	E	3 1/2 Miles passed a Stout Creek on N. Side at 2 1/2 miles. another just above.
N.	25°.	E	12 Miles passed a Small creek at 1 mile on the S. Side on which there is a handsome and extencive vally and plain for 10 or 12 miles also another Creek 12 yds wide at 1/2 a mile on the N. Side, and another 8 yds wide on the N. Side at 5 miles. and one 1/2 mile Short of the extremity of the course arrived at a high prarie on the S. Side from one to 3. miles in width, extending up the river. great number of wild horses on Clarks river about the place Capt. L. crossed it. we saw several.
East			6 Miles to the enterance of Warners Creek 35. yards wide through a high extencive prarie on the N. Side. hills low and timbered with the long leafed pine, larch and Some fir. the road passes at some distance to the left of the river and these courses is with the river.
N.	22°.	W.	4 Miles to a high insulated Knob just above the enterance of a Creek 8 yards wide which discharges itself into Werners Creek.
N.	75°.	E	2 1/2 Miles to the river passing through a handsom plain
			on Werners Creek crossing that Creek at one mile and leaveing a high prarie hill to the right seperateing the plain from the river. Saw 2 swan in this butifull creek.
East			3 Miles to the enterance of a large Creek 20 yards wide called Seamons Creak, passed a creek at 1 mile 8 yds wide, (this course is with the river) the road passing through a high extencive prarie, a vast number of little hillocks and Sink holes. at the head of those 2 Creeks is high broken mountains Standing at the distance of 10 m. forming a kind of cove Generaly of open untimbered country.

July 6th.

       

East			14 Miles to the point at which the river leaves the extencive plains and enters the mountains these plains is called the prarie of the Knobs, passed the North fork of Cokah-lar, ishket river at 7 miles, it is 45 yards wide deep & rapid. passed a large crooked pond at 4 miles further. Great number of burrowing Squirels of the Species common to the Columbian plains. the main branch is 50 yards wide and turbid the other Streams are clear, these plains continue their course S. 75°. E and are wide where the river leaves them. up this vally and Creek a road passes to the Missouri.
N.	60°.	E.	1 1/2 miles up the river. bottoms narrow and and country thickly timbered. Cotton wood and pine grow interim [i]xed in the river bottoms passed Several old indian encampments.
N.	80°.	E.	2 Miles to two nearly equal forks of the river. here the road forks also one leading up each river. passed a Creek on N. side 12 yd. wide.
N.	75°.	E.	8 Miles over a Steep high bald toped hill for 2 miles thence 3 M. through a thick woods along the hill Side. bottoms narrow. crossed a large Creek in a butifull plain much beaver Sign.

July 7th.

             

N.	75°.	E.	6 M. through a leavel butifull plain on the N. side of the river much timber in the bottoms, hills also timbered with pitch pine crossed a branch of the
			Creek 8 yds. wide at 1/4 M. also passed a creek 15 yds. wide at 1/4 further.
North			6 Ms. passed the main Creek at 1 Ml. and kept up it on the right hand Side through a handsom plain. the main Stream bore N W. & W as far as I could See it, a right hand fork falls into this creek at 1 ml. above the Commcmt. of this course.
N.	15°.	E	8 Ms. over two ridges one [on] again Strikeing the right hand fork at 4 Ms. then continuing up it on the left hand Side. much apperance of beaver maney dams. bottoms not wide and covered with willow and grass.
N.	10°.	E.	3 Ms. up the Same creek on the E Side through a handsom narrow plain.
N.	45°.	E.	2/106 ¾ Ms. passing the dividing ridge between the waters of the Columbia from those of the Missouri at 1/4 of a mile. from this gap which is low and an easy asent, the road decends and continues down a creek.
N.	20°.	W.	7 Ms. over Several hills and hollows along the foot of the mountain, passed 5 small riverlets running to the right.

July 8th. 1806.

       

N.	25°.	W.	3 Ms. to the top of a hill from whence we saw the Shishequaw Mountain about 8 Ms. distant imediately before us, passed torrent river at 3 Ms. this Stream comes from the S. W. out of the Mountains which are about 5 miles to our left the bead of the river is 100 yds. wide tho' the water only occupies about 30 yds. runs a mear torrent tareing the trees up by the roots which Stand in it's bottoms, we discover this to be Dearborns River. "The Shishequaw Mountain is a high insulated conic mountain Standing Several miles in advance of the Eastern range of the rocky Mountains" near the Meadecine River.
North			14 1/2 Miles through an open plain to Sishequaw Creek 20 yards wide about 10 Ms. below the Mtn which bears S. 32°. W. from us, haveing left the road to our left which keeps near the Mts.
N.	50°.	E.	2 Ms. to the discharge of Sishequaw Creek into Medecine River through an extencive leavel and butifull bottom.
N.	85°.	E.	8/28 ¼ Ms. down the Medecine river to a large Island. the bottoms are extensive low and leavel. the lands of neither the Plain or bottom are fertile it is of a light colour intermixed with a considerable portion of gravel. the grass Generaly about 9 inches high.

July 9th..

           

N.	80°.	E.	4 Ms. through a handsom leavel wide bottom in which there is a considerable quantity of the narrow leafed cotton wood timber. The river is generally about 80 yds. wide rapid it's bed is loose Gravel and pebbles its banks low but seldom overflow, water clear.
S.	85°.	E.	4 Ms. down on the S. W. Side of Medecine river through wide and leavel bottoms Some timber.
			July 10th
N.	75°.	E.	24 Miles down the river. 7 Ms. of the latter part of the course no timber. passed a rapid bottom wide and extensive a great number of small islands in the river.
S.	75°.	E	8 Miles to the Missouri at the White Bear Islands at the head of the portage above the falls, passed through the plains. at which place Capt. Lewis continued untill the 15th July 1806. and left 6 men and proceeded towards the head of Marias river with the other 3 men as before mentioned.
		183

The most derect and best course from the dividing ridge which
divides the waters of the Columbia from those of the Missouri at the
Gap where Capt. Lewis crossed it is to leave a Short range of mountains
which pass the Missouri at the Pine Island rapid to the right passing
at it's basse and through the plains pass fort mountain to the White
bear Isds. or Medecine river, a fine road and about 45 miles, reducing
the distance from Clarks river to 145 miles one other road passes
from the enterance of Dearborns River over to a South branch of the
Cohahlariskkit river and down that river to the main fork and down
on the N. Side of the main fork to Clarks river &c.