University of Virginia Library

VIII. Miscellaneous Memoranda

IN the last book of the journals proper, Codex N, were a
number of blank pages on which Clark jotted down the
following notes obtained by him from traders and Indians.
The context shows that much of this material was obtained at
dates subsequent to the expedition.—Ed.]

Notes of Information I believe Correct

an establishment was made by a Hunting and trading Company from
St. Louis at the Enterance of the Big horn River into the Rochejhone
437 miles up that river in the fall 1807. from which they Traded with
Sundery bands of Crow Indians, and took the Beaver in their neighbourhood,
in the fall 1809 a Company formed of St. Louis, The St. Louis
Missouri Fur Company with 150 men went into the Rocky Mountains
about the Missouri & Clarks River, for the purpose of takeing the Fur
and made establishments on the River Rochejhone where it enters the
Rocky Mountains one other at the 3 forks of the Missouri and [blank
space in MS.]

The Company which first formed and established at the Bighorn
Joined the St. L M. Fur Compy[1]
"about 100 Miles on a direct line from the enterance of Big horn
River it passes th[r]o one range of the Rocky Mountains,—at this
place on the East Side of the River and imediately below a fork of the
R—, and from the Mountn. there Issues Such a quantity of hot water that
the river is not frozen in the extreem of Winter for maney miles below,
a good Canoe navigation to this Mountain and the river about 40 yds.
wide, it is here contracted to 10 yds. wide only"[2]
a remarkable Lake of about 440 yds. in diameter situated at the foot
of the Rocky Mountains on a west branch of Tongu river (a branch of
Rochejhone) on the side next to the Mnt. the rocks rise from the
waters edge about 30 feet and occupies about half the circumfrance

of the lake which is Circular, the other Side is a butifull plain. This
river is called by the Indians Min-na-e-sa (or big water).

At the head of this river the nativs give an account that there is
frequently herd a loud noise, like Thunder, which makes the earth
Tremble, they State that they seldom go there because their children
Cannot sleep—and Conceive it possessed of spirits, who were averse
that men Should be near them

• Ship tâh-cha a band of Crow Indians of 150 Lodges and about 1500
  soles rove on Big horn River & Rochejhone.

• Ap-shâ-roo-kee [Absaroka] a band of Crow Indians of 200 Lodges and
  about 2000 soles rove on the Tonge River, big horn & River
  Rochejhone.

• (omit this band) a Band of Crow Indians of 50 Lodges rove in the
  Same Cty

• E-cup-scup-pe-âh a Band of Tushapaws Speak their language and Sometimes
  rove on the waters of the Rojhone, of about 80 Lodges 800 soles

On the Tonge & Bighorn and Clarks fork of the Rojhone there is
an abundance of dry Grass of which the Indian horses live dureing
the winter.

from the Fort or enterance of Big horn River the Indians Say a man
on horseback can travel to the Spanish Settlements in 14 days on
the head of Del Norte.

Misselanious Notes Given by a Trader.

This Saline he visited last Winter, when he observed its Situation
Particularly as also eve[r]y Circumstance in relation to its Peculiarities.
It is Situated on the east Side of the first of what are usually called the
three forks of the Arcansas river[3] within a quarter of a league of that
Stream. This Junction called the three forks of the Arcansas is estimated
is at two hundred and forty leagues from its Junction of the
Mississippi.

At the mouth of the small stream which discharges itself from this
saline their is a thick Wood which Continues on both Sides of the
Same Within a small distance of the Saline Near this place are several
remarkable Salines One of Which in Particular contains about 4 acres
it contains a Variety of Springs which boil from the ground and hence
they have obtained amoung the Indians [the name of] the Pots so
strong is the water that the Salt concretes as it comes from the ground
and forms a kind of rim around the edges

Great Saline to the westward of the main branch of the Arkansaw.
From the Osage Town on the Osage River 11 days travel to the Great
saline From St. Louis to the Osage Village thence West 120 leagues
to the great saline Situated on a Southern branch of the river Arkansas
called niscud [Ne-ne-scah] and by the French the River of the grand
Saline which after pursuing a course of about 40 leagues discharges
itself into the Arkansas about 30 leagues due West, from the great
Saline and Situated on the S W Side of a considerable Southern branch
of the Arkansas Islands [is] the Saline which Produces the Purest rock
Salt. it is of white a clear colour, this Stream is called by the Osages
the Na chu richin gar. 30 leagues below this Saline and on the same
side of that stream is Situated the red Saline so named from the Colour
of the Salt it lies S. W. 20 leagues from the great Saline this stream discharges
itself into the Arcansaw about 20 leagues of [up] that river, after
travrseing the country for about 60 leagues, after it passes the red Saline.

The Pot Saline Situated on the Eastern bank of the most Easterlye
of the three forks of the Arcansaw River about 10 leagues from its
mouth this stream is navigable to the Saline and maney miles above it
for Peroagues or light boats.

Two other Salines of inferior note are found West from the Osage
Village. The first 55 leagues W. near the head of the Middle fork of
the Arkansas calld Vai ce ton hand bos The other bearing a little South
of West from the same & distant from it about 30 leagues the last is
near the Main river Arkansas On its North Side I II & denotes the
Villages of the snake lizzard and squirrel

In the Parris (Prarie) County at the head of the river Cansies
[Kansas] is a large Saline of the same nature of the great Saline of
th[e] Osages The narrowest part of the Osage country is 300 Miles
bordering on the Mississippi

The names of the Forts or British Trading Establishments on the
Ossiniboine

               

		L.S.
1st	Que[e]ns Fort[4] (La prairie)	20	from	red river
2.	Mouse River fort	58	d°	38
3.	Hump Mountain fort	83	d°	25
4.	Catapie River (the rout to the Missouri 150 miles)	99	d°	16
5.	Swan River	114	d°	15
6.	Coude de l'homme (or Mans Elbow)	129	d°	15
7.	Sourse at Lake Manitou	149	d°	20

red river of Lake Osnepegui[5] 285 Leagues long (Hay) Wooded &
low on both Sides

The streams of the Missouri near and within those mountains abound
in beaver & Otter.

The muddyness of the Missoury is caused by the washing in of its
banks—within the rocky mountains the water is Clear.

The pumies stone which is found as low as the Illinois Country is
formd. by the banks or stratums of Coal taking fire and burning the
earth imediately above it into either pumies stone or Lavia, this Coal
Country is principally above the Mandans.

The Country from the Mississippi to the River platt—630 miles
furnishes a sufficient qty of wood for Settlements—above that River
the Country becomes more open, and wood principally confined to
river & Creek bottoms. the uplands furtile and open, with some
exceptions on the Rockejhone R. Capt. Clark saw some Pine
Country. and the ranges of low Black Mountains are covered with
wood. most of the large Rivers fall in on the south side of the
Missouri.

[Financial memoranda, by Lewis, found on the back of a
flyleaf of Codex P.—Ed.]

Decr 4th

this day drew in favour of William Morrison on the secretary of
War draught dated Jany 1st. 1804 payable 3 days after sight for $136.

No. 2 on the SetT. of War for 33$ forwarded Gover Morrison in
favor of it being for flagg stuf sent me by the govn. and was drawn
payable 3 days after sight. dated 25th Febr

N°. 3. 4. & 5 for 500 $ each and left blank as to the name of the
person in whose favour they were drawn, and sent to Mr Pike for
negociation were dated on the 28th. of March 1804 these draughts
were not negociated but were returned me and destroyed.

N° 6 drawn in favour of Mr. John Hay dated March 29th. 1804
Cahokia, for the sum of 159 $ 81 1/2 Cents. On Secty. of war.

N° 3 of which duplicates were signed for 1500$ fifteen hundred
dollars on the War Department, in favour of Charles Gregoire or
order, dated St. Louis March 28th 1804.

[Note by Lewis, in Codex P, p. 133.]

Memorandoms Misscellanious.

Mr Labaum informs that a Mr Tebaux who is at present with Louasell
up the Missouri can give us much infomation in relation to that
country.

[Memoranda by Clark, in Codex C, pp. 256–274.—Ed.][6]

Baling Invoice of
Sundries for Indians Presents

                                         

N°.	30 a Bag Contg.
2	Chief's Coats
2	hats & plumes
2	White Shirts
2	Medals 2d Size
2	hair pipes	for first Chiefs of Ottos or Panis
2	wrist Bands
2	Arm Bands
2	Bundles Gartg.
2	pr Leggins
2	Britch Clouts
3	Medals 3d Size
3	Blue Blankets
3	prs Scarlet Leggins	2d Chief
3	Britch Clouts
3	Bundles Gartg.
3	Medals 3d Size
3	Scarlet Leggins
3	white Shirts	3d Chief
3	Britch Clouts
3	Bundles Gartg.

                                                                                                                                                                                               

N° 13 a Bag,
1 Medal 2d Size
1 Chiefs Coat
1 White Shirt
1 Hat & Plume	1st Cheef of Ponkas or any other that may be met this Side of Mahas.
1 Hairpipe
1 Wrist Band
1 Arm Band
1 pr Scarlet Leggins
1 Blue Britch Clout
1 Flag of 2d sise
2 pr Scarlet Leggins
4 Blue Britch Clouts
4 Pr Leggins
14 Silk Handkfs.
26 pocket Ditto
4 Rolls Ribbon
4 Callico Shirts
4 hair pipes
4 Rolls Gartg. small Bundles
5 looking Glasses
14 Small Bundles Ribbon
1 large Roll Gartg.
1 Blue Blanket
Ilb Cold thread
Ilb White do	this part intended for foreign nations. Should any of the three above Nations be met; the presents of Small articles may be taken from the Bags n°. 33, 15, 42, 9, 36, 16, 45 or 26
10 pieces Nonsoprettys
N° 33 a bag Contg.
1 Chiefs Coat
1 hat & circle feather
1 White Shirt
1 pr Scarlet Leggins
1 Britch Clout Scarlet
1 Large Medal	for the Maha Chief
1 Small Bundle Gartg.
1 Silver Moon
1 Wrist Band
1 Arm Band
1 Flag
1 Medal 2d Size
1 Blue Blanket
1 pr Leggin & Britch Clout	for 2d. D°
1 Callico Shirt
1 Wampum hair pipe
1 Small Bundle tape
1 Medal 3d Size
1 Britch Clout & Shirt	for 3d. D°
1 pr Leggins, 1 Bundle Gartg.
1 Scarlet Blanket
1 Roll Ribbon	for 1st Chief's wife
1 Silk handkf
1 Callico Shirt	Some Great man
1 tomyhawk	Some Considered man
5 handkfs	1 to each young men
1 Ivory Comb	Some woman of consideration
2 Bunches of thread	1 Skaine to Sundry women
2 Bundles Gartg.	to Some young women
1 Doz. Knives 5 Lookg Glasses	1 to Sundry men
2 Bead Neck Laces	for young women
3 Burng. Glasses	to young men
1 Small Bundle Gartg. (say Ribbon)	to some Girl
3 pieces Dutch Tape	by 1/2 pce. to young women
10 Maces[7] White Rd Beads	to Girls
2 Maces Sky blue Rd d°	"
3 do Yellow d°	"
3 do Red D°	"
14 do Yellow Seed D°	"
5 do Mock Garnets	"
I Doz Small Hawk Bells	young men
5 large d°	"
6 tinsel hat Bands	"
1 needle case	woman
3 pr Glass Ear Bobs	d°
100 Broaches	by 10 to young warrio rs
6 Silver Rings	to women
9 pr Scissars	"
2 Collars of Quill wire	men of Consequence
3 Rolls Snare d°	young men by 1 fathom
1 Bunch Knitting pins	by 3, to men abt 35 or 40
412 needles	by 10, to women
61 fish hooks	by 4 or 5 to men
1/2 doz. Iron Combs	to Women
14 thimbles (Steel)	by 1 to women
Ilb. vermillion in 10 papers	to young warriors
50 Awls	1 at a time to men
1/2 doz. Jews harps	to young men
3 Razors	to men
1 large flat file	to some elderly man
1 smaller d°	"
1 Doz fire Steels	to young men
5 Skaines Silk	to women
1 Roll Gartering	by I fathom to women
3 pewter lookg glasses	young girls
18 Curtain Rings	young women
1 piece Nonsopretty	by 2 fathoms to women
1 paper Verdigrease	by 1 oz.: to young men

N° 15 The Same (Chiefs dress for Rickaras)
& one Flag

42 The Same Ditto for Mandanes
& a Flag of 2d size

45 The Same, except no Scarlet Britch Clouts blue ones in lieu, and
no large medals for 1st. Chiefs, But Medals of 2d size & no
Scarlet Blanket, but 1 Shirt in lieu
& a Flag 2d Size

36 The Same as no 45
& a Flag of 2d. Size

16 The Same as No 45
& a Flag of 3d size

26 The Same D° & N° 9
(and flag of 3 size) these two Bales haves artillery
Coats

Two Carrots of Tobacco will be Added to every 1st Chief
Dress, and I Carrot to the 2nds & 3ds
and 6 Carrots to be given to the Nation

The follow. Bales intended for foreign Nations: that is those
beyond the mandanes

                                                                                                                                             

N° 18, a Bag Containing
1 Chiefs Coat
1 Medal 2d Size
1 pr Leggins
1 Britch Clout	1st Chief
1 White Shirt
1 Small Bundle Gartg.
1 lookg. Glass
1 Burng. Glass
1 Callico Shirt
1 Medal 4th & 5th Size
1 Small bundle gartg.	2d Chief
1 pr Leggins
1 Britch Clout
1 Wampum hair pipe
1 Medal 5 Size
1 Britch Clout
1 Shirt	3 Chief
1 Small Bundle Gartg.
3 Rolls Ear Wire	1 Needle Case
3 d° Snare Wire	6 Cotton handkfs
1 " Knitting pins 1/2 Ib. Vermillion in 5 papers	3 Silk D° to women of Consideration
18 Knives	1/2 Doz : Iron Combs
1 Doz : fire Steels	10 Skaines thread
3 pewter lookg. glasses	3 Doz: Brass thimbles (by 4 or 5 to children
24 Curtain Rings
1 piece Nonsopretty	6 pr Scissars
1 Tomyhawk	1 fine Necklace
2 pieces Dutch Tape	2 Romall hkf
3 Bead Necklaces	6 Silver Rings women of considration
2 Roils Ribbon—by fathoms to Girls	100 Needles
4 lookg. Glasses	50 Broaches
4 Burng. D°	2 pr Bracelets to Some Young
10 Maces White Rd Beads	Chiefs or Chiefs Sons
2 do Blue D°	3 pr Glass Ear Bobs
2 do Yellow D°	4 fathoms Red flannel in 2 pieces
3 do Mock garnets	1 Gro Awls
1 Doz hawk Bells	2 Wampum Shells
5 large d°
1 Extra Chiefs Coat
1 Medal 3 Size
1 White Shirt
1 Britch Clout	for a Ist Chief
1 lookg. Glass
1 Burng. Glass
1 piece fancy handkf
Ilb Cold. thread
No 14 The Same
No 24 5 Callico Shirts	12 pr. Glass Ear Bobs
8 fathoms Red flannel in 4 pieces	2 pr Braslets
2 Bunches Blue Beads	1 Card of Beads
2 d°—Red—d°	20 Single ps. Narrow Ribbon
10 Small bunches white Seed d°	1 Needle Case
14 Rolls Wire difft. Sizes	7 White Metal Earrings
7 Bunches White Rd. Beads	Ilb Nuns thread
17 Maces Mock Garnets	Ilb Cold thread
6 1/2 doz : pewter lookg. Glasses	1 pce Bandano Hkf:
18 pr of Scissars difft. Sizes	3 Britch Clouts
1 Extra Bunch of Beads	4 Bunches Yellow Beads
9 Doz thimbles	4 Silk Handkfs
6 Medals Dom : Animals	50 Broaches
20 d° Sowing	4 pce dutch tape
5lb Vermillion in 10 papers Ea.	2 pce Nonsopretty
12lb Silver Rings	20 fancy handkfs
2 doz: Small hawk Bells & 2	2 hair pipes
Gro : d°	1 Silver Arm Band
5 Bunches large D°	1 Wrist Band
10/12 Gro Rings	1 Tomyhawk
6 Doz : Jews harps	3 3/4 doz : paper lookg. Glasses
3 Rolls Binding	2 1/3 Doz: Burng. Glasses
200 Needles

N° 3. The Same, Except the followg. articles more - vt.[8] 1 Gorget,
1 Medal, 1° vermillion, 1 Bunch Bells, 3 hair pipes, 1 Burng. glass, 1
Necklace & 1 remnant of Scarlet, and the followg. articles, less vt
1 Arm & Wrist Band, 1 Bunch Yellow Beads & 1 Callico Shirt

     

N° 4 a Case	3 1/3 " Staghandle D°
15 Doz: Butchers Knives	6 half round files
5 10/12" Bone handle D°	12 tomyhawks

           

2 Doz : fire Steels	1 3/4 Doz : large D°
7 Doz : Iron Combs	8lb Red Lead
1 Gro : Awls	24 Squaw axes
8 Bundles Knitting Pins	2 Bundles of Pieces of Brass & Iron
48 Collar needles	28 fish Spears
2 1/3 Doz: Small Scissars	5 large Canoe awls

In a Box of necessary Stores N°. 8 are the follg. belongg. to Indian
Department 27 fish Spears 5 large Canoe Awls

RECAPITULATION of the Above fourteen Bags & 1 Box of Indian

                                                                                               

Presents. Vizt.
15 Chief Coats (of which 9 are Artillery Coats)
II hats & 6 Circle feathers, & 5 Soldier's plumes
18 White Shirts
20 Scarlet Leggins
1 Remnant Scarlet	equal to 1 pce Scarlet
3 Britch Clouts d°
3 Blankets . d°
3 large Medals	Likenesses
13 2d Size d°
71 Medals 3d & 4th Size	12 Silver Arm Bands
8 Silver Moons	12 Wrist Do—D°
12 Wampum D°	72 Rings Silver
24 hairpipes D°	1500 Broaches D°
12 Blue Blankets
20 prs. Leggins	equal to 3 pces Strouds[9]
45 Britch Clouts
44 Callico Shirts	1/2 pce Romall handkf
12 Rolls Gartg.	10 lb threads
2 doz : Dutch tape	35 Doz: Knives, of which 22 doz.
2 doz: Nonsoprettys	Butchers Knives
12 Rolls Narrow Ribbon	12 doz. Dutch paper lookg. glasses
24 Tomyhawks	2 Cards of Bead Necklaces
8 Ivory Combs	3 fine Ditto
7 pces fancy handkf:	7 3/4 doz. Burning Glasses
5 pce, Bandano D°	120 Small Maces white Rd Beads
7 Bunches Sky Blue Beads	9 1/3 Doz: taylors Steel thimbles
17 D° Yellow . . D°	19 lb Vermillion
20 d° White Seed . D°	5 3/4 Gro; Awls
4 d° Red . . D°	3 Doz: Razors
1 D° Green . D°	22 files
10 D° Yellow Seed . D°	12 Doz : fire Steels
8 D° Mock Garnets or 80	40 Skaines Silk
Maces	18 Doz: Pewter lookg Glasses
8 1/3 Doz: large Size hawk Bells	3 Gro : Curtain Rings
6 Gro : Small D°	10lb Verdigrease or near abt.
3 Doz: Tinsel hat Bands	24 fathoms of Red flannel in 12
48 pr Glass Ear Bobs	pieces = to a piece of flannel
8 pr Do Braslets	48 Collar Needles
12 1/2 Doz : Scissars large & Small	81b Red Lead
30 Collars Brass Wire, quill Size	24 Squaw axes
16 D° " Ear Wire	2 Bundles of pieces of Brass & Iron
34 Bunches Snare D°	55 fish Spears
18 Bunches Knitting Pins	5 large Canoe Awls
3900 Needles Assorted	130 Pigtail Tobacco wt 63lb
12 Needle Cases	176 Carrots tobacco abt 500 [Ibs.?
about 500 fish hooks	—Ed.] in 9 Bales.
12 Doz: Iron Combs	26 Silver Ear Rings

BAILING INVOICE of Sundries, being necessary Stores Vizt.

                   

N° 1. a Bale Contg.	12 pr Socks
4 Blankets	2 tin Boxes, with 2 mem. Books
3 fine Cloth Jackets	in Ea.
6 flannel Shirts	1/2 Ib Cold thread
3 pr Russia Over Alls	1 Romall Handkf
5 frocks	1 Paper Ink Powder
4 White Shirts	1 pce Catgut
200 flints	3 Setts Rifle Locks
2 Spike Gimblets	1 Screw Driver
2 Small D°

No. 2. The Same

" 3 The Same

" 4 The Same, except 1 p. trowsers less and 1 flannel Shirt in lieu

                   

No. 5 a Bale	1/2 Ib Nuns thread
4 Blankets	1 pce Catgut
1 Cloth Jacket	1 pce Silk Handkf
4 flannel Shirts	4 Quire Comn fool's Cap
2 frocks	9 half quires post paper
2 Watch Coats	4 Sticks Sealing wax
50 flints	1 Romall Handkf:
1 White Shirt	1 Vice
1 Spike Gimblet	1 Sett of Gunlocks
6 pr Socks	1 Nipper

" 6 The Same, except 1 watch Coat less & 3 Cloth overalls, 2 pr ox
hide Shoes, 1/2 m fish hooks, & 1 Gro: awls more.

                                       

"7 a Bale	l Drawing Knife
6 Blankets	3 pr Socks
1 Watch Coat	3 pr Cloth overalls
2 pr ox hide Shoes	2 flannel Shirts
4 papers of fish hooks	2 frocks
1 Gro Awls	1 pr English Shoes
1 Vice Smallest Size	1 fine Cloth Jacket
1 Screw Driver	11 Cartridge Box Belts
1 quire paper fools Cap	1/4lb Nuns thread
5 Romall Handkfs	25 flints
1 fancy Do
"8 a Box	5 large Canoe Awls
27 fish Spears	2 Gimblets
the Glue	Primg. wires & Brushes
Sundry Iron Works for Guns	Capt: Lewis Gunlock
3 Screw Augurs	1 Bundle Iron Wire
62 files difft Sizes	18 Axes
1 Dradle [treadle—Ed.]	2 howels
1 Brace	1 Adze
5 Chizels	Iron Weights

RECAPITULATION of Seven Bales & 1 Box of necessary Stores Vit.

                                       

30 Blankets	26 frocks
15 fine Cloth Jackets	18 White Shirts
35 flannel Shirts	925 flints
11 pr Russia Overalls	11 Spike Gimblets
7 pr Cloth Ditto	8 Small Do
63 pr Socks	4 Watch Coats
8 tin Boxes with memm. Books	4 pr. ox hide Shoes
2 lb Cold thread	1 pr English Do
1/4 lb Nuns thread	2 Gro Awls
11 Romall Handkf	1000 fish hooks
4 papers Ink powder	1 fancy handkf.
6 pces Catgut	1 Drawg. Knife
14 Setts Gunlocks	11 Cartridge Box Belts
5 Screw Drivers	the Glue
2 pcs Silk Handkf	3 screw Augurs
9 quires fools Cap Paper	62 files difft Sizes
18 half quires post	5 Chizels
8 Sticks sealing Wax	18 Axes
3 vices	2 howels
2 Nippers	1 adze

[Memoranda by Clark, in Codex N, pp. 1, 2.—Ed.]

From St. Louis 1806 Memorandum of articles fo[r]warded to Louisville
by Capt. Clark in care of Mr. Wolpards I s.

one large Box Containing

                 

4 large Horns of the Bighorn animal	3 barking Squir[e]ls
2 Sceletens d° d° d°	2 Skins of the big horn
2 Skins horns & bon[e]s of d°	1 Mule or black tail Deer Skin
4 Mandan Robes of Buffalow	1 Hat made by the Clatsops Indians
1 Indian Blanket of the Sheep	2 Indian Baskets
1 Sheep Skin of the rocky	4 buffalow horns
mountains	1 Tigor Cat Skin Coat
1 Brarow Skin	1 long box of sundery articles
3 Bear Skins of the White Speces	1 Tin box containing Medicine &c. &c. &c. &c.

a Small Box of papers

Books and Sundery Small articles

a Hat Box

containing the 4 vols. of the Deckinsery [Dictionary] of arts an[d]
ciences two Indian wallets a tale of the black taile Deer of the
Ocean & a Vulters quill with a buffalow Coat.

Capr. Lewis forward to Washington by Lieut. Peters in Box N°. 1

6 Skins and Sceletens complete of the mountain ram, three male and
3 female

     

1 Blacktail Deer Skin	3 Bear Skins
1 Sheep Skin	1 White Wolf
4 Barking Squirels	3 beaver tales

N 2
         

2 Boxes Containing	Various articles
1 Tin Case	d° d°
1 air gun
4 Robins
1 Clatsop hat