Compositors and Cases
In these seven quires, Hinman discovered four different compositors
occupying three different cases. Compositor B alone used case y;
Compositor C used case x, although, according to Hinman, so did
Compositor A in quire K; and Compositor D alone used case z, except
during composition of quires O and P, where Hinman found Compositor A
standing at case z. Subsequent research has established a higher correlation
between individual compositors and cases. Howard-Hill re-assigned
Compositor A's quire-K pages to Compositor C so that Compositor C is
now recognized as the only workman to use case x during composition of
these seven quires, with the single exception of column K5b, set by
Compositor B from case x, according to Howard-Hill. Howard-Hill also
re-assigned Compositor A's quire-O pages, set from case z, to Compositor
D, thereby strengthening the association between Compositor D and case
z. At the same time, however, Howard-Hill weakened this association when
he attributed the
z-case pages of quire P to Compositor F and gave Compositor D column
P1va, set from case x. Most of these anomalies in
Howard-Hill's
analysis were resolved by O'Connor, who assigned the disputed z-case
pages of quire P to Compositor D and demonstrated that only
lower column P1va was Compositor D's
work and was set
from case z. After the cumulative efforts of Hinman, Howard-Hill, and
O'Connor, we now know that, with the exception of a single column (K5b),
Compositor B alone used case y, Compositor C case x, and Compositor D
case z for quires K-Q.[11]
There is now general agreement that Compositor A was not represented in
these quires.
In these seven quires there recur a significant number of distinctive
types last seen in quires F-H. These recurrences (charted below) confirm
that the same pattern of three distinct cases of type associated with three
individual compositors is also evident in the composition of quires G, H and
I.[12] Twelve
Hinman's distinctive type |
last seen |
then distributed into case |
location of recurrence in quires K-Q |
set from case |
1. y24 |
H5va22 |
Cx |
K3b59 |
Cx |
2. h45 |
H2a65 |
Cx |
K4va32 |
Cx |
3. o26 |
H2a57 |
Cx |
K4va33 |
Cx |
4. S24 |
H5b8 |
Cx |
K4vb48 |
Cx |
5. p25 |
H4va8 |
Cx |
L4b49 |
Cx |
6. B28 |
H5b6 |
Cx |
L3b54 |
Cx |
7. W23 |
H2b46 |
Cx |
L2vb29 |
Cx |
8. st24 |
H3vb41 |
Cx |
L1b62 |
Cx |
9. W30 |
H4b6 |
Cx |
M3vb57 |
Cx |
10. N21 |
H4va30 |
Cx |
N3b49 |
Cx |
11. P25 |
G2vb21 |
Cx |
O2a8 |
Cx |
12. w34 |
G2a57 |
Ds |
L1b65 |
Cx |
13. W45 |
H4vb23 |
By |
K4a16 |
By |
14. W44 |
H3vb65 |
By |
M5a46 |
By |
15. H33 |
G2vb55 |
By |
M4va55 |
By |
16. F25 |
G5vb21 |
By |
N2vb34 |
By |
17. P21 |
G2vb27 |
Ds |
K5vb58 |
Dz |
18. ss24 |
H2va2 |
Ds |
L4vb19 |
Dz |
19. )21 |
F1va58 |
Fs |
L4va16 |
Dz |
20. B26 |
G5b7 |
Fs |
L5vb59 |
Dz |
21. Y21 |
H2vb36 |
By |
K5vb28 |
Dz |
22. st23 |
H2a59 |
Cx |
K2vb15 |
Dz |
of these distinctive types (no.'s 1-12) recur in the pages of quires K-Q set
by Compositor C from case x. Since all but one of these (no. 12) were last
seen in material already identified as distributed by Compositor C, these
type recurrences support the conclusion that Compositor C used case x for
his stints on quires G and H and forme I3
v:4. Compositor
B's use of
case y during the setting of these earlier quires is also confirmed again by
the recurrence of the next four charted types (no.'s 13-16) in his pages of
quires K-Q, all four from wrought-off columns he distributed to set pages
of quires G and H. The remaining six types charted (no.'s 17-22) re-appear
in pages set from case z by Compositor D. Hinman was forced to regard
all six recurrences as anomalous because he argued that Compositor D's
case z was not set up until composition of quire K had begun (II, 400). Yet
four of these distinctive types were last seen in pages, columns, and partial
columns already
identified as distributed by Compositors D or F into case s. The
reappearance of these four types in quire-K and quire-L pages set from case
z establishes that case s was the case Hinman designated case z. Therefore
case z was not set up
de novo during work on quire K, but
was
instead the case from which Compositors D and F set pages of quires G,
H and I.