University of Virginia Library

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

                                                                   

EDWIN ANDERSON ALDERMAN, D. C. L., LL. D.,	President.
FRANCIS HENRY SMITH, M. A., LL. D.,	Emeritus Professor of Natural Philosophy.
JOHN WILLIAM MALLET, M. D., Ph. D., LL. D., F. R. S.,	Emeritus Professor of General and Industrial Chemistry.
ALBERT HENRY TUTTLE, M. S.,	Professor of Biology and Agriculture.
FRANCIS PERRY DUNNINGTON, B. S., C. E.,	Professor of Analytical and Agricultural Chemistry.
WILLIAM MORRIS FONTAINE, M. A.,	Professor of Natural History and Geology.
WILLIAM HOLDING ECHOLS, B. S., C. E.,	Professor of Mathematics.
JAMES MORRIS PAGE, M. A., Ph. D.,	Professor of Mathematics.
WILLIAM MYNN THORNTON, LL. D.,	Professor of Applied Mathematics.
ORMOND STONE, M. A.,	Professor of Astronomy.
JAMES ALBERT HARRISON, L. H. D., LL. D.,	Professor of Teutonic Languages.
RICHARD HENRY WILSON, M. A., Ph. D.,	Professor of Romanic Languages.
ROBERT MONTGOMERY BIRD, B. S., Ph. D.,	Collegiate Professor of Chemistry.
THOMAS LEONARD WATSON, M. S., Ph. D.,	Professor of Economic Geology.
WILLIAM HARRISON FAULKNER, M. A., Ph. D.,	Adjunct Professor of Teutonic Languages.
LLEWELLYN GRIFFITH HOXTON, B. S., M. A.,	Adjunct Professor of Physics.
EDWIN PRESTON DARGAN, Ph. D.,	Adjunct Professor of Romanic Languages.
WILLIAM ALLISON KEPNER, M. A., Ph. D.,	Adjunct Professor of Biology.
JOHN SHARSHALL GRASTY, Ph. D.,	Adjunct Professor of Economic Geology.
MATTHEW HUME BEDFORD, Ph. D.,	Adjunct Professor of Chemistry.
DAVID VANCE GUTHRIE, M. A., Ph. D.,	Instructor in Physics.
JOHN JENNINGS LUCK, M. A., Ph. D.,	Instructor in Mathematics.
JAMES NEWTON MICHIE, B. A.,	Instructor in Mathematics.
THOMAS DWIGHT SLOAN, B. A.,	Instructor in Chemistry.
EMMET YOUNG BURTON,	Instructor in Mathematics.
CHARLES WATSON GIVENS, A. B.,	Instructor in Mathematics.
WILLIAM WILSON STANLEY BUTLER, B. A.,	Assistant in Physics.
STANLEY REEVES, A. B.,	Assistant in Physics.
JOHN WINFREE WEST, M. E.,	Assistant in Physics.
TURNER MOREHEAD HARRIS, A. B.,	Assistant in Chemistry.
CHARLES MACKENZIE MACKALL,	Assistant in Chemistry.
ALBERT RONALD MERZ,	Assistant in Chemistry.
CHARLES POLLARD OLIVIER, B. A.,	Assistant in Astronomy.
WILLIAM NEWTON NEFF,	Assistant in Astronomy.

The Department of Agriculture is founded on the gift of one
hundred thousand dollars by the late Samuel Miller, of Lynchburg,
Va.; this sum having been given to establish a fund, the income of
which should be applied, as far as practicable, to the maintenance
of experiments in agriculture, training in the art of farming, and instruction
in those sciences which underlie that art, as well as in their
practical relations thereto. Since the income in question is manifestly
inadequate to provide for all these important ends in an efficient
manner, it has become necessary for those directly charged with its
administration to decide how it can be most usefully applied within
the limits indicated.

Agriculture is the art of cultivating the soil with a view to profit;
as usually applied, the term implies the successful raising and marketing
of crops of plants or of animals, or of their products. Its theory
is based directly upon the sciences of Chemistry, Botany, and Zoölogy;
and also, but less directly, upon the allied sciences of Physics, Mechanics,
and Geology. Education adapted to the prosecution of this vocation
calls, therefore, at the outset, for sound and thorough instruction
in these sciences; and subsequently for the discussion of its principles

and processes as based upon them. The experience of some
years has shown conclusively that neither agricultural experimentation
nor instruction in the routine of farm work can be profitably conducted
here with the means at command; nor is such application of
these means in accordance with the needs or expressed desires of
students who come to the University for the purpose of entering
this Department.

It seems wisest, therefore, as well as most consonant with the
other functions of the University, to apply the income of this fund
to the enlargement, as far as possible, of the opportunities here
afforded to those who desire to acquire a knowledge of the sciences
on which the art of agriculture is based, and of which it is the practical
application; to understand their theoretical principles, as well
as their economic relations; and to be capable of following their progress
in all its bearings. Instruction is therefore offered in this Department
to all who desire such training in the descriptive and experimental
sciences as this would imply, together with a knowledge
of the closely affiliated mathematical sciences, and of the modern languages
of immediate importance to the scientific student; in accordance
with the following plan:

Required for Entrance Upon the Work of the Department.—The
General Entrance Examination, or admission to the University by
certificate or diploma, as stated in a preceding portion of this catalogue.

Based upon this preparation the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Agriculture will be conferred upon students who satisfactorily complete
one B course each in Physics, General Chemistry, Botany,
Zoölogy, Geology, and Analytical Chemistry; together with an advanced
course in each of any three of the Schools represented by these
courses; of one B course (to be elected by the student) from the
group of mathematical sciences, viz., Pure Mathematics, Applied
Mathematics, or Astronomy; and of the B courses in French and
German. The B courses are the same as, or the equivalent of, the B
courses described in a previous portion of this catalogue; the advanced
courses in the various scientific Schools have also been previously
described.

Agricultural Chemistry.—There is offered in connection with the
graduating course in Analytical Chemistry a course of lectures in
Agricultural Chemistry, including a discussion of the chemical and
physical properties of the atmosphere, of soils, and of plants; the
chemistry of the processes of vegetable life so far as they are related
to Agriculture; the chemical composition and preparation of

manures; the chemistry of stock feeding, and of fungicides and insecticides.
This course is open without charge to students who have
registered in Analytical Chemistry, to Virginia students, and to farmers
who are not matriculated students.

For Reference: Johnston's Elements of Agricultural Chemistry; 17th Edition; London,
1894.

In addition to the courses in Biology described in a previous
portion of this catalogue, there are offered in the School of Biology
and Agriculture the following courses, which provide for the discussion
of the relation of the biological sciences to the art of Agricultture:

Practical Biology and Agriculture.—The relations of the biological
sciences to Agriculture are so manifold, and the subdivisions of the
latter subject so numerous, that it would be impossible to exhaust
the discussion of either in the work of any one year. Courses consisting
in part of lectures and in part of an equivalent amount of practical
work and collateral reading will be offered yearly as follows:

1B. Botany and Agriculture: Botany 1B prerequisite.—In this course
a study will be made of the anatomy and physiology of the higher
plants, especially as related to nutrition and growth; and of the
principles of crop raising as based on the laws of plant life. Professor
Tuttle.

Text-Books.—Stevens' Plant Anatomy: Pierce's Plant Physiology: Vorhee's Principles
of Agriculture.

2B. Zoölogy and Agriculture: Zoölogy 1B prerequisite.—In this course
a study will be made of the parasitic Protozoa, Worms, and Arthropods:
the Insects will be considered in their economic relations: and
the anatomy of the domestic animals examined. The relations of
animals to the soil and to plant life will be discussed. Adjunct
Professor Kepner.

Text-Books.—Osborn's Economic Zoölogy; Folsom's Entomology; Chauveau's Anatomy
of the Domestic Animals.

Candidates for a diploma of graduation in Biology and Agriculture
are required to complete the courses in Botany, Zoölogy, and one advanced
course in each, and also the courses above described.

In this Department, as in the College, the order in which studies shall
be taken is left largely to the discretion of the student (subject to the restriction
that not more than three classes may be undertaken in any one
session without the consent of the Faculty): the following is, however,
suggested as a convenient arrangement of a four years' course for this

degree; and as one of several combinations of subjects possible under the
requirements above stated.

               

First Year:
Geology 1B;	Physics 1B;	Botany 1B;
Second Year:
French 2B;	General Chemistry 1B;	Zoölogy 1B;
Third Year:
German 2B;	Analytical Chemistry 1B;	Botany and Agriculture;
Fourth Year:
[120] Mechanics 1B;	[121] Analyt. and Agri. Chem. 2;	[122] Zoölogy and Agriculture.

EXPENSES.

The necessary expenses at the University of a student in the Department
of Agriculture may be estimated at from $290 a year upwards, according
to the mode of living. A fuller statement of expenses, including
the conditions under which Virginia students are entitled to free tuition,
may be found in a preceding section. (See pp. 92-98).

MILLER SCHOLARSHIPS.

A scholarship is awarded at the end of each session to the candidate
who at that time passes the graduation examinations in the B courses
in Zoölogy, Chemistry, and Physics with the highest aggregate of marks.
The scholarship is tenable for the following two years. The emoluments
consist of $250 a session, with free tuition in the Schools of the Department
of Agriculture. The holder of a Miller Scholarship is required to
elect at least one-third of his work in Biology and Agriculture, Analytical
Chemistry, or Applied Mathematics, and the remainder from any courses
offered in the Academic Schools: he is also required to act as a student
assistant in the Biological Laboratory. The tenure of the scholarship
depends upon the good conduct and studious diligence of the scholar,
the Faculty being authorized to withdraw its benefits from any student who
does not avail himself of the opportunities for study which it is intended
to secure. Condidacy must be announced at the beginning of the session.