University of Virginia Library

FIELD INSTRUMENTS.

The outfit of Field Instruments contains compasses, transits, and
levels of various approved makes; a solar transit, furnished also with
stadia wires and gradienter for tachymetric work; hand-levels and
clinometers for railway topography; a plane table; a sextant; together
with an adequate supply of leveling rods, telemeter rods, signal poles,
chains, tapes, pins, and so on. For hydraulic work and hydrographic
surveys a hook guage and a current meter are provided. All students
are instructed in the theory and adjustments of the field-instruments

and in their practical use in the field. They are also required to make
up their field-books in standard forms; to reduce their surveys and
execute all the necessary profiles, plans, and maps; and to determine
lengths, areas, and volumes both from the maps and from the original
notes. A polar planimeter is provided for facilitating such estimates
and a pantagraph for making reduced copies of finished drawings.