 | The University of Virginia record February, 1909 |  |
DEFINITIONS OF THE UNITS IN THE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTRANCE.
English A. English Grammar and Grammatical Analysis:—
The parts of speech with inflections and uses of each; syntax, especially
of nouns, verbs, and conjunctions; detailed study of sentence-structure,
including capitalization and punctuation. Text-Book recommended, Baskervill
and Sewell's English Grammar. Grammar and analysis might well
be taught through two years of the High School. (One unit).
English B. Composition and Rhetoric:—The choice, arrangement,
and connection of words with exercises on synonyms, autonyms, and degrees
and shades of meaning; fundamental qualities of style, with selected
and original examples; the sentence in detail as to unity, coherence
and proportion with ample exercises in constructing sentences of
varied types and emphasis; the paragraph with reference to placing topic,
structure for unity, continuity, and emphasis, with abundant exercises in
composing good paragraphs; much practice in planning and writing simple
compositions on familiar subjects under the heads of narration, description,
exposition and argumentation. Text-Book recommended, Brooks
and Hubbard's Composition-Rhetoric. Practice in composition should
continue through the entire High School course, though formal rhetoric
may be studied but one year. (One unit).
English C. Critical Study of Selected Specimens of Literature:—The
specimens for reading and study designated for college entrance
requirements by the joint committee of colleges and secondary
schools. These required books or their equivalents should be studied
Parallel reading should be encouraged and intelligent conversation about
books directed.
The college entrance requirements in English for 1909, 1910, 1911 are:
I. For Study and Practice. Shakespeare's Macbeth; Milton's Lycidas,
Comus, L'Allegro, and Il Penseroso; Burke's Speech on Conciliation or
Washington's Farewell Address, and Webster's First Bunker Hill Oration;
Macaulay's Life of Johnson or Carlyle's Essay on Burns.
II. For Reading. Group 1 (two to be selected): Shakespeare's As
You Like It; Henry V; Julius Caesar; The Merchant of Venice; Twelfth
Night. Group 2 (one to be selected): Bacon's Essays; Bunyan's The
Pilgrim's Progress, Part I; Addison's Sir Roger de Coverley; Franklin's
Autobiography.
Group 3 (one to be selected): Chaucer's Prologue; Spencer's Faerie
Queene (Selections); Pope's The Rape of the Lock; Goldsmith's The Deserted
Village; Palgrave's Golden Treasury (First Series), Books II and
III, with especial attention to Dryden, Collins, Gray, Cowper, and Burns.
Group 4 (two to be selected): Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield;
Scott's Ivanhoe; Scott's Quentin Durward; Hawthorne's House of the
Seven Gables; Thackeray's Henry Esmond; Mrs. Gaskell's Cranford;
Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities; George Eliot's Silas Marner; Blackmore's
Lorna Doone.
Group 5 (two to be selected): Irving's Sketch Book (Selections);
Lamb's Essays of Elia; DeQuincey's Joan of Arc and The English Mail
Coach; Carlyle's Heroes and Hero Worship; Emerson's Essays (Selected);
Ruskin's Sesame and Lilies.
Group 6 (two to be selected): Coleridge's The Ancient Mariner;
Scott's The Lady of the Lake; Byron's Mazeppa and The Prisoner of
Chillon; Palgrave's Golden Treasury (First Series), Book IV, with especial
attention to Wordsworth, Keats, and Shelley; Macaulay's Lays
of Ancient Rome; Poe's Poems; Lowell's The Vision of Sir Launfal;
Arnold's Sohrab and Rustum; Longfellow's The Courtship of Miles Standish;
Tennyson's Lancelot and Elaine, The Passing of Arthur, Gareth and
Lynette; Browning's Cavalier Tunes, The Lost Leader, How They
Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix, Evelyn Hope, Home Thoughts
from Abroad, Home Thoughts from the Sea, Incident of the French
Camp, the Boy and the Angel, One Word More, Herve Riel, Pheidippides.
(One unit).
The courses outlined, in accordance with the program of most high
schools, have taken into account English, (1) as a language, (2) as a means
that the proper study of each will bear indirectly on the other two.
Mathematics A. Algebra to Quadratic Equations:—The four
fundamental operations for rational algebraic expression; factoring, determination
of highest common factor and lowest common multiple by
factoring; fractions, including complex fractions; ratio and proportion;
linear equations, both numerical and literal, containing one or more unknown
quantities; problems depending on linear equations; radicals, including
the extraction of the square root of polynomials and numbers;
exponents, including the fractional and negative. (One unit).
Mathematics B. Quadratic Equations, Progressions, and the
Binomial Formula:—Quadratic equations, both numerical and literal;
simple cases of equations with one or more unknown quantities, that can
be solved by the methods of linear or quadratic equations; problems depending
upon quadratic equations; the binomial formula for positive integral
exponents; the formulas for the nth term and the sum of the terms
of arithmetic and geometric progressions, with applications. (One unit).
Mathematics C. Plane Geometry, with Original Exercises:—
The usual theorems and constructions of good text-books, including the
general properties of plane rectilinear figures; the circle and the measurement
of angles; similar polygons; areas; regular polygons and the
measurement of the circle. The solution of numerous original exercises,
including loci problems. Application to the mensuration of lines and
plane surfaces. (One unit).
Mathematics D. Solid Geometry, with Original Exercises:—
The usual theorems and constructions of good text-books, including the
relations of planes and lines in space; the properties and measurement of
prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones; the sphere and the spherical triangle.
The solution of numerous original exercises, including loci problems.
Applications to the mensuration of surfaces and solids. (Half unit).
Methematics E. Plane Trigonometry:—Definitions and relations of
the six trigonometric funtions as ratios; circular measurement of angles;
proofs of principal formulas; product formulas; trigonometric transformation.
Solution of simple trigonometric equations. Theory and use of
logarithms (without introducing infinite series). Solution of right and
oblique triangles with applications. (Half unit).
History A. Greek and Roman History, including the geography of
Greece and the early development of Ancient Hellas; state and national
development to the period of the foreign wars; the foreign wars and the
supremacy of Athens; the wars between the Greek states; the Macedonian
invasion and the empire of Alexander the Great: the geography of Italy
the conquest of the Mediterranean; the transition from republic to monarchy;
the ancient world under the Roman empire; the transition from
ancient to mediaeval history, down to the death of Charlemagne. (One
unit).
History B. Mediaeval and Modern European History, including
the Carolingian empire and feudalism; the papacy and the beginnings of
the new Germano-Roman empire; the formation of France; the East and
the crusades; Christian and feudal civilization; the era of the Renaissance;
the Protestant Revolution and the religious wars; the ascendency of
France and the age of Louis Quatorze; the rise of Russia and Prussia and
colonial expansion; the French Revolution; Napoleon and the Napoleonic
wars; the growth of nationality, democracy and liberty in the Nineteenth
Century. (One unit).
History C. English History, including the geography of England
and early Britain; Saxon England; Norman England; England under the
Plantagenets; Tudor England; Puritans and Royalists; the constitutional
monarchy; the modern British empire. (One unit).
History D. American History and Civil Government:—In American
History the work includes the earliest discoveries to 1607; Virginia and
the other Southern colonies; Massachusetts and the other New England
colonies; New York and the other Middle colonies; the colonies in the
Eighteenth Century; the causes of the Revolution; the Revolution, the
Confederation, and the Constitution; Federalist supremacy to 1801; Jeffersonian
Republicanism to 1817; economic and political reorganization to
1829; the National Democracy to 1844; slavery in the Territories to 1860;
the War of Secession, Reconstruction and the problems of peace to 1900.
In Civil Government the work covers the early forms of Government;
the Colonies and Colonial Government; Colonial Union and the Revolution;
the Confederation and the Constitution; the Political Parties and
Party Machinery; the existing Federal Government; the Foreign Relations
of the United States. (One unit).
Latin A. Grammar and Composition:—The Roman pronunciation;
habitual observance of accent and quantity; thorough mastery of the
regular forms; the simpler rules of word-formation and derivation; syntax
of the cases, tenses, and moods; accusative and infinitive, relative and conditional
sentences, indirect discourse, and the subjunctive. Translation
into Latin of easy detached sentences illustrating grammatical principles,
and of very easy continuous prose based upon the vocabulary of Caesar
and Cicero. (One unit).
Latin B. Caesar's Gallic War, Books I-IV:—A reasonable acquaintance
of the thought; ability to summarize the narrative as a whole; ready comprehension
of the normal forms and constructions; a reasonable facility
in reading at sight passages of like vocabulary and construction. As
much as one book of Caesar may be substituted by an equivalent amount
of Viri Romae, or other Latin prose. In connection with all of the reading
there must be constant practice in prose composition, as well as in
sight translation. (One unit).
Latin C. Cicero's Orations Against Catiline, and Two Others:—
A reasonable acquaintance with the time and circumstances of the Catilinarian
conspiracy; intelligent appreciation of the orator's thought and purpose;
ability to summarize the oration as a whole; readiness in explaining
normal forms and constructions; reasonable facility in reading at sight
passages of like vocabulary and structure. As much as two orations may
be substituted by an equivalent amount of Nepos, or other Latin
prose. In connection with all of the reading there must be constant
practice in prose composition, as well as in sight translation. (One unit).
Latin D. Virgil's Aeneid, Books I-VI:—A reasonable acquaintance
with the time and purpose of the poet; intelligent appreciation of the
poet's thought and art; ability to summarize the story as a whole; acquaintance
with the typical forms and constructions of poetry; practical
mastery of the heroic hexameter; reasonable facility in reading at sight
passages of like vocabulary and difficulty. The third and fifth book of
the Aeneid may be substituted by an equivalent amount of Ovid, or other
Latin epic peotry. In connection with all reading there should be constant
practice in prose composition, as well as in sight translation. (One unit).
Greek A. Greek Grammar and Composition:—The common forms,
idioms, and inflections of Attic Prose; syntax of the cases, moods, and
tenses; final, conditional, temporal, and relative sentences; indirect discourse.
Translation from English into Greek of detached sentences, illustrating
the principles of Greek grammar; and of easy continuous prose
based upon Xenophon. (One unit).
Greek B. Xenophon's Analysis, Books I-IV:—Short passages will
be set for translation from these books, together with associated questions
on forms and syntax. The candidate should know the principal parts of
all the verbs that occur in the passages selected. (One unit).
German: Grammar, Composition, and Translation:—The examination
in Grammar will cover the declension of the articles (definite and
indefinite), of pronouns (personal, demonstrative, interrogative, relative
and indefinite), of nouns (regular and irregular), and of adjectives; the
comparison of adjectives; the conjugation of the Weak, Strong, and Irregular
the articles, the pronouns, and the cases; the uses and meanings of the
tenses, the modes, the temporal, modal and causative auxiliaries, of prepositions
and conjunctions; and the general laws governing sentence-arrangement
and word-formation. The exercise set in Composition will
consist of English sentences, giving the natural forms of every-day expression,
to be translated into German, and of the translation into German
of a piece of connected English prose, based on one of the extracts as
signed for translation. The candidate, in order to satisfy the examiner
in Translation, should have read between 600 and 700 pages of German,
divided as follows: Seventy-five to 100 pages of graduated text, such as
found in any of the standard introductory readers; 150 to 200 pages of
literature in the form of easy stories and plays; and about 400 pages of
moderately difficult prose or poetry. (Two units).
French: Grammar, Composition, and Translation:—The candidate
should have studied French two years under competent instruction, should
have read 600 pages, written 30 pages of prose, and mastered the principles
of grammar, including the irregular verb.
During the first year the work should comprise careful drill in pronunciation,
dictation, and the rudiments of grammar; abundant easy exercises
in composition, both oral and written; and the translation of 150
pages of graduated texts. During the second year 450 additional pages of
Modern French prose and poetry should be covered, with continued drill
in the grammar, constant practice in dictation and in conversation, daily
oral exercises in rendering English into French, and periodical written
exercises in French Composition. (Two units).
Spanish: Grammar, Composition, and Translation:—The candidate
should have studied Spanish two years under competent instruction,
should have read 600 pages, written 30 pages of prose, and mastered the
principles of grammar, including the irregular verb.
During the first year the work should comprise careful drill in pronunciation,
dictation, and the rudiments of grammar; abundant easy exercises
in composition, both oral and written; and the translation of 150
pages of graduated texts. During the second year 450 additional pages
of Modern Spanish prose and poetry should be covered with continued drill
in the grammar, constant practice in dictation and in conversation, daily
oral exercises in rendering English into Spanish, and periodical written
exercises in Spanish Composition. (Two units).
Science A. Physical Geography:—The entrance requirements in
Physical Geography include such elementary knowledge of the following
topics, as would be obtained from the study of a text-book like Maury's
earth as a planet; planetary movements; magnetism of the earth; internal
heat of the earth; volcanoes; earthquakes; arrangement of land masses;
forms of land; relief forms of the continents; islands; properties of water;
waters of the land; drainage; continental drainage; the sea; the oceans;
waves and tides; currents of the sea; physical properties of the atmosphere;
climate; winds and circulation of the air; storms; moisture of the
air; hail, snow and glaciers; electrical and optical phenomena of the atmosphere;
relations between plants and animals; range of plants and
animals; man, including range of human habitation, division into races,
conditions favorable to civilization, and man's influence on physical geography;
influence of physical geography on the industries of countries. (One
unit).
Science B. Inorganic Chemistry:—The candidate for entrance
credit in Chemistry should have studied, under a competent teacher, such
a course in the elements of inorganic chemistry as can be covered in three
meetings a week during a nine-months' school year, and in addition thereto
should have worked in the laboratory about one hundred hours, or enough
time to perform intelligently the usual experiments given in a High
School laboratory course. The ground covered by Remsen's "Introduction
to the Study of Chemistry" is the accepted standard. The student's
autograph laboratory notes must be submitted with the examination papers.
(One unit).
Science C. Experimental Physics:—A course of one full year,
covering the topics of Mechanics, Sound, Light, Heat, Electricity, and
Magnetism. The work should include (a) lecture-table demonstrations
by the teacher, with appropriate yet simple apparatus; (b) text-book
work, in which the pupil solves numerical problems; and (c) laboratory
exercises by the pupil—all three embodying fundamental principles of the
subject. In the laboratory work at least thirty exercises should be performed,
distributed as follows: In Mechanics, 14; in Sound, 1; in Light,
5; in Heat, 3; in Electricity and Magnetism, 7. The pupil's note-book
of written reports on these experiments should be submitted with indication
of acceptance on the part of the teacher. Any one of the standard
texts and laboratory manuals may be followed. (One unit).
Science D. Botany and Zoölogy:—The entrance examinations in
these two subjects, which together count as a single unit, presuppose
such sound elementary knowledge of the structure and functions of plants
and animals, respectively, and of their classification, as may reasonably
be regarded as representing a half year's work, in each case, upon plants
or animals with the aid of such a text-book on the one hand, as Coulter's
"Plant Structure," and on the other by Jordan and Kellogg's "Animal
Forms:" or other books of similar grade and character.
In each case the candidate will be required to submit (at the time of
the written examination) his own laboratory notes and drawings as an
evidence of the amount and character of the direct personal work done
by him upon the plants or the animals, which he has studied.
Drawings: Mechanical and Projection Drawing:—Projections
of cubes, prisms, and pyramids in simple positions; method of revolving
the solid into new positions; method of changing the planes of projection;
projections of the three round bodies in simple positions and in
revolved positions; sections by planes parallel to the planes of projection.
Sections by inclined planes; developments of prisms, pyramids, cylinders,
and cones; intersections of polyedra and curved surfaces; distances from
a point to a point or a plane or a line; angles between planes and lines.
(One unit).
Shopwork: Woodwork, Forging and Machine Work:—The candidate
must present valid certificates covering at least 240 hours of competent
instruction with adequate appliances in these topics. About 80 hours should
be devoted to woodwork, 40 to forging, and 120 to machine-work. He
should be familiar with the usual shop processes, the standard methods
of work, and the properties of the ordinary constructive materials. (One
unit).
| The University of Virginia record February, 1909 | |