 | The University of Virginia record February 1, 1918 |  |
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING.
Edwin Anderson Alderman, Ph.B., D.C.L., LL.D.
President.
William Mynn Thornton, B.A., LL.D.
Dean.
| Francis Henry Smith, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D. | West Lawn |
| Emeritus Professor of Natural Philosophy. | |
| William Mynn Thornton, B.A., LL.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Applied Mathematics. | |
| Francis Perry Dunnington, B.S., C.E., E.M. | University Heights |
| Professor of Analytical and Industrial Chemistry. | |
| William Holding Echols, B.S., C.E. | East Lawn |
| Professor of Mathematics. | |
| James Morris Page, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D. | McCormick Road |
| Professor of Mathematics. | |
| Thomas Leonard Watson, M.S., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Corcoran Professor of Geology. | |
| Robert Montgomery Bird, B.A., B.S., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Collegiate Professor of Chemistry. | |
| John Lloyd Newcomb, B.A., C.E. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Civil Engineering. | |
| Charles Hancock, B.S. | University Place |
| Professor of Mechanical Engineering. | |
| Llewellyn Griffith Hoxton, B.S., M.A., Ph.D. | Fry's Spring |
| Professor of Physics. | |
| James Alfred Cole, Lt. Col. U. S. A., Ret. | Locust Grove |
| Professor of Military Science and Tactics. | |
| Walter Sheldon Rodman, S.M. | University Place |
| Professor of Electrical Engineering. | |
| Carroll Mason Sparrow, B.A., Ph.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Associate Professor of Physics. | |
| Jared Stout Lapham, M.E. | Chancellor Street |
| Adjunct Professor of Experimental Engineering. | |
| John Jennings Luck, M.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Mathematics. | |
| Charles Scott Venable, M.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Raymond Freas, B.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Judson Hall Robertson, B.S. | Chemistry |
| Stephen Philip Holt, E.M. | Geology |
| Garland Baird Briggs, B.S. | Mathematics |
| [1] Edward Tankard Browne, M.A. | Mathematics |
| Lawrence Sinclair Cannon | Chemistry |
| Henry Wyatt Easterwood | Analytical Chemistry |
| Charles Henderson | Freshman Drawing |
| James Ewell Brown Stuart, Jr. | Sophomore Drawing |
| Paul Frank Brown | Civil and Experimental Engineering |
| Charles Claude Carroll | Civil Engineering |
| George Edward Clark | Civil Engineering |
| George Washington Crickenberger | Machine Shop |
| Crawford Patterson Livesay | Machine Shop |
| Robert Battaile Hiden | Physics |
| John Major Nalle | Physics |
| Roger Garber Wolcott | Wireless Telegraphy |
| Alfred Sheldon Wise | Wood Shop, Forge and Foundry |
| Kurt Walter Franke | Chemistry |
| James Archibald Leach, Jr. | Chemistry |
| William Ellis Pinner | Chemistry |
| Ernest Haywood Swift | Chemistry |
ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS.
For admission to the Freshman Class in the Department of Engineering
the candidate must be at least sixteen years old. He must present a certificate
of honorable withdrawal from the school last attended, or other valid proof of
general good character. He must further satisfy the Dean of the University
as to his adequate preparation for the work by passing the Entrance Examinations
specified below or by the presentation of equivalent certificates of preparation
signed by the president of a recognized institution of collegiate rank, or
by the principal of an accredited high school. The topics required for entrance
and their values in units are as follows, the unit being one year's work on the
subject in an accredited high school:
| English A.—Grammar and Grammatical Analysis | 1 |
| English B.—Composition and Rhetoric | 1 |
| English C.—Critical Study of Specimens of Literature | 1 |
| Mathematics A1.—Algebra to Quadratics | 1 |
| Mathematics A2.—Quadratics, Progressions, Binomial Formula | 1 |
| Mathematics B.—Plane Geometry | 1 |
| Mathematics C.—Solid Geometry | ½ |
| Mathematics D.—Plane Trigonometry | ½ |
| History.—Ancient; Mediæval; English; American (any one) | 1 |
| Electives | 7 |
| Total | 15 |
High school students who expect to study Engineering are advised to include
among their electives Physical Geography, Chemistry, Physics, Mechanical
Drawing, and Shop-work (valued at one unit each). Other electives which
may be offered are History of English and American Literature (1 unit),
History (4 units), Latin (4 units), Greek (3 units), German (4 units), French
(4 units), Spanish (4 units), Botany (half unit), Zoölogy (half unit).
A candidate may be admitted as a Conditioned Student in spite of some
deficiencies, provided these are not such as will impair the integrity of his
work. But no such candidate will be conditioned except upon subjects actually
taught in this university, nor will any candidate be conditioned on more than
two units; and all conditions must be absolved before the beginning of
the next session after initial registration. Courses taken for the removal of
entrance conditions may in no case be counted as part of the work credited for
any degree. No conditions will be allowed in English A or B or in Mathematics
A1, A2, or B.
A candidate may be admitted as a Special Student, without formal examination,
provided he is more than twenty years old, and gives evidence of serious
purpose and of fitness to pursue with profit the courses for which he is registered.
No special student may be a candidate for any degree. No conditioned
student may register later as a special student.
PROGRAMS OF STUDY.
The candidate who has satisfied the requirements for entrance as above
defined is matriculated as a student of Engineering and admitted to the Freshman
Class. The studies of this class comprise lecture courses in Mathematics,
Chemistry and Engineering, with associated laboratory courses in Chemistry,
Drawing, Shop-work and Field-work.
For advancement to the Sophomore Class the student must have completed
at least two-thirds of his Freshman work. Upon entering this class he
elects his specialty. The courses thereafter diverge according as the student is
an applicant for a degree in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, or Mining
Engineering. Programs of study for each degree are given below.
The courses are so ordered that the specified entrance requirements are
adequate for the work of the Freshman Year. Each succeeding year presupposes
the completion of the work for all the foregoing years. Students
are advised to adhere strictly to the regular programs. The arrangements
specified in them have been carefully planned and are the best. Departures
from the curriculum will in almost every case produce conflicts in lecture hours
or laboratory periods and may cost the student a year's time. Haphazard
election is discouraged and in extreme cases will be prohibited. No student will
be registered for a course unless, in the opinion both of the Dean and of the
professor, his preliminary training has fitted him for the profitable pursuit of
that course.
Students are especially advised against the attempt to crowd too many
studies into their scheme of work, and are warned that admission to advanced
courses will be granted only to those who have adequate mathematical and
scientific training to profit by them. Men overloaded with work, too great in
volume or in difficulty for their powers, suffer inevitable discouragement and
incur almost certain failure.
Changes of classes with transfer of fees may be made, subject to the approval
of the Dean, within two weeks after the beginning of any term. Thereafter
such changes may be made only by special order of the faculty, and then
without transfer of fees.
Every candidate for a degree in Engineering will be required at the beginning
of his graduating year to submit to the Dean some subject for independent
study suited to the student's especial course and aims. After such subject has
been approved by the Dean and the professor in charge, the student will be
expected to carry out for himself the necessary literary and laboratory researches
and to present his results in the form of a Graduating Thesis. Such
thesis must be typewritten on standard sheets, 8 by 10½ inches, bound in a
durable stiff cover, and handed in for final approval not later than May 25.
All necessary computations and drawings must accompany the thesis. Serious
weight will be given to this work in estimating the student's fitness for
graduation.
Upon the completion of the four years' course as defined in any one of
the Programs of Study and the presentation of an acceptable graduating
the appropriate degree of Civil Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical
Engineer, Chemical Engineer, or Mining Engineer.
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.
The Subjects of Instruction in Engineering are grouped into ten classes,
each designated by a distinctive number for each term, the lecture and laboratory
courses being likewise differentiated. This grouping follows the arrangement
shown below:
| Mathematics | 100 to 199 |
| Physics | 200 to 299 |
| Chemistry | 300 to 399 |
| Geology and Mining | 400 to 499 |
| Mechanics | 500 to 549 |
| Experimental Engineering | 550 to 599 |
| Drawing and Shop-work | 600 to 699 |
| Civil Engineering | 700 to 799 |
| Mechanical Engineering | 800 to 899 |
| Electrical Engineering | 900 to 999 |
Lecture courses are listed in the first fifty numbers of all classes; laboratory
or practice courses are listed in the second fifty numbers of all classes.
The same numbers are used in all schedules of lecture hours, laboratory periods
and examination days.
MATHEMATICS.
Professor Echols.
Professor J. M. Page.
Adjunct Professor Luck.
Mr. Briggs.
Freshman Mathematics. [Page and Luck.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
100. Trigonometry.
A complete course in plane and spherical trigonometry is pursued with
constant drill in the solution of problems, and exercises in the use of logarithms.
(Fall.)
101. College Algebra.
The work begins with the progressions and proceeds with the study of
the binomial formula, of the convergence and divergence of series, and of the
binomial, exponential and logarithmic series. The study of inequalities and
determinants prepares for the theory of equations, with which the course is
closed. (Winter.)
102. Analytical Geometry.
In this elementary course the study of Cartesian and polar coördinates is
followed by numerous exercises on the graphical representation of equations.
Special attention is given to the straight line and the representation of the
general equation of the first degree in two variables. The course is intended to
prepare for the fuller study of the analytical geometry of the conic sections.
(Spring.)
Sophomore Mathematics. [Echols.]
11:30-12:30, M. W. F.
103. Conic Sections.
This course in analytical geometry reviews the topics of Course 102 and
completes the study of the conic in its particular and general forms. A brief
examination of curves referred to polar coördinates is then followed by the
special study of a number of classical curves. (Fall.)
104. Differential Calculus.
The differential calculus is expounded and illustrated by exercises in the
expansion of functions, evaluation of indeterminate forms and problems of
maximum and minimum for functions of one variable. The method is then
applied to the geometry of curves, tangencies, curvature, envelopes and curve
tracing. (Winter.)
105. Integral Calculus.
The integral calculus is taken up; the integral is defined, and exercises in
elementary integration prepare for the application to numerous problems in
lengths, areas and volumes. When time permits, a brief introduction to ordinary
differential equations will be given. (Spring.)
PHYSICS.
Professor Hoxton.
Associate Professor Sparrow.
Mr. Hiden.
Mr. Nalle.
200-201-202. General Physics. [Hoxton.]
10:30-11:30, T. Th. S.
The elements of mechanics, sound, heat, electricity and magnetism, and
light. Instruction is given by lectures, textbooks, recitations, and problems,
with experimental demonstrations. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
203-204. Electricity and Magnetism. [Hoxton.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
The elements of the mathematical theory and an introduction to modern
ideas of electricity are given. (Fall and Winter.)
250-251-252. General Physics Laboratory. [Sparrow and Assistants.]
9:30-11:30 or 2:30-4:30, M. W. F.
This course accompanies 200-1-2. Emphasis is laid upon fundamental
principles and the phenomena which underlie engineering problems. Written
reports of laboratory work are required. Problem work and oral recitation on
Friday. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
253-254. Electricity and Magnetism Laboratory. [Hoxton.]
2:30-4:30, T. Th.
This course accompanies 203-4. Emphasis is laid upon methods of standardizing
and experimental studies in the behavior and underlying principles of
measuring instruments and other electric apparatus. (Fall and Winter.)
CHEMISTRY.
Professor Dunnington.
Professor Bird.
Adjunct Professor Venable.
Adjunct Professor Freas.
Mr. Cannon.
Mr. Easterwood.
Mr. Franke.
Mr. Leach.
Mr. Pinner.
Mr. Swift.
300-301-302. General Chemistry. [Bird.]
9:30-10:30, T. Th. S.
The fundamental principles and phenomena of inorganic, organic and
physical chemistry are discussed, and the foundations of analytical chemistry
are dealt with at appropriate places. The time is mainly devoted to inorganic
phenomena. No previous study of chemistry is demanded. (Fall, Winter,
Spring.)
303-304-305. Physical Chemistry. [Freas.]
10:30-11:30, T. Th. S.
The calculus is required, and previous training in physics is desirable. This
course will include work upon such topics as the gas laws, the kinetic theory
of gases, the properties of dilute solutions, osmotic pressure, the determination
of molecular weights, mass action, reaction velocity and equilibrium, electrolysis
and electrolytic dissociation, the phase rule, etc. General Chemistry and
Analytical Chemistry prerequisite. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
309-310-311. Organic Chemistry. [Venable.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
This course is intended to serve as an introduction to the general subject
of organic chemistry, including chemical synthesis and the theories of molecular
structure, as applied to the compounds of carbon. General Chemistry prerequisite.
(Fall, Winter, Spring.)
330-331-332. Analytical Chemistry B. [Dunnington.]
9:30-10:30, T. Th. S.
First term: Chemical manipulation and blowpipe analysis. Second term:
Inorganic qualitative analysis of ores of lead, gold and silver. Third term:
Practice in the analysis of salts, alloys and ores, and the examination of potable
water, coal, limestone, clay and so on, including simple quantitative determinations.
Weekly written exercises are required. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
333-334-335. Analytical Chemistry C. [Dunnington.]
9:30-10:30, M. W. F.
After some training in manipulation and gravimetric estimations, the
class pursues volumetric estimations and a full course in quantitative analysis
of minerals, ores, coal, soil, iron and steel, technical products, and so on.
Weekly written exercises are required. As the student advances in the course
he is encouraged to undertake original research and assist in its prosecution.
(Fall, Winter, Spring.)
Laboratory Courses.
350-351-352. General Chemistry. [Bird and Instructors.]
11:30-1:30, M. W. F.
353-354-355. Physical Chemistry. [Freas.]
9 hours a week
359-360-361. Organic Chemistry. [Venable.]
2:30-4:30, M. W. F.
380-381-382. Analytical Chemistry. [Dunnington and Assistant.]
6 hours a week.
383-384-385. Advanced Analytical Chemistry. [Dunnington and Assistant.]
12 hours a week.
The Chemical Journal Club meets every other Thursday from 11 a. m.
to 12 m., for the critical review and discussion of various topics of interest
in current chemical literature, and of such chemical researches as may be in
progress in the University.
Advanced courses are given in Organic Chemistry (C2), and in Inorganic
Chemistry (D1). These courses are described in the General Catalogue,
and are recommended to all students of Chemical Engineering who
desire to prepare for the prosecution of research work.
GEOLOGY AND MINING.
Professor Watson.
Professor Thornton.
Mr. Holt.
[2] 400-401-402. Engineering Geology. [Watson.]
12:30-1:30, M. T. W.
A course of three lectures a week and three hours for private study.
Special emphasis is given to the study of common rock-forming minerals and
rocks, building stones and ores. The divisions of dynamical, structural and
physiographical geology are covered in considerable detail, and the practical
applications of the topics treated to engineering work are pointed out. (Fall,
Winter, Spring.)
403-404-405. Economic Geology. [Watson.]
11:30-12:30, M. T. W.
This course is designed to give a general but comprehensive account of the
origin, nature, distribution and uses of the metallic and non-metallic products
of the earth with especial reference to those of the United States. Lectures and
collateral reading six hours a week. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
406-407-408. Petrography. [Watson.]
10:30-11:30, M. T. W.
This course aims to give a full knowledge of the determination of the
common rock-forming minerals and rocks in thin sections under the microscope.
It includes discussion of the microscopic structure, mineralogical composition,
genetic relations, and distribution of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
rocks. Lectures and preparation to the amount of six hours per week.
(Fall, Winter, Spring.)
420-421-422. Mining. [Thornton.]
10:30-11:30, Th. F. S.
Mine surveying, exploitation of mines, mining machinery and the uses of
electricity in mining. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
Laboratory Courses.
[3] 450-451-452. Engineering Geology. [Holt.]
6 hours a week.
453-454-455. Economic Geology. [Watson.]
6 hours a week.
456-457-458. Petrography. [Holt.]
6 hours a week.
MECHANICS.
Professor Thornton.
Freshman and Sophomore Mathematics and General Physics are prerequisite.
Free use is made of analytical geometry and the calculus; unprepared
students will not be registered for these courses.
Junior Mechanics. [Thornton.]
9:30-10:30, T. Th. S.
511. Theoretical Mechanics.
Fundamental principles of dynamics and the Newtonian laws of motion.
Statics of the material particle, of plane laminæ, of rigid bodies, and of elastic
solids; centres of gravity; equilibrium of rigid bodies and of material systems.
Dynamics of the particle; uniform and uniformly varied motion; harmonic
motion; meteoric motion; pendulum motion. Dynamics of the rigid body;
moments of inertia; rotating and revolving solids; laws of work and energy;
impact and collision. (Fall.)
512. Strength of Materials.
Fundamental laws of stress and strain in elastic solids. Strength and
elasticity of rods, beams, and shafts. Reinforced concrete slabs and girders.
Deflection of simple and restrained beams, and of continuous girders. Strength
of columns under both axial and eccentric loads. Strength of ties and struts
under lateral loads. (Winter.)
513. Hydrostatics and Hydraulics.
Fundamental laws of fluid equilibrium. Application to the analysis of
water tanks, boiler shells, thick pipes, reservoir dams, and weirs. Principles of
the motion of fluids; application to efflux from orifices and weir notches, flow in
pipes and canals, and gauge measurements of canals and rivers. Principles of
linear and angular momentum; applications to the analysis and design of
turbines and pumps. (Spring.)
Senior Mechanics. [Thornton.]
9:30-10:30, M. W. F.
514. Mechanics of Machines.
General mechanical principles illustrated in the action of machines. Analysis
of machines and the relative motions of their elements. Friction in machines.
Static equilibrium of machines. Transmission of power in machines. Regulators
and governors. Balance of machines. Brakes and dynamometers. Loads
and inertia forces. (Fall.)
515. Stability of Structures.
Framed structures under dead and live loads; applications to cantilever
bridges, draw bridges, and truss deflections. Statically indeterminate structures;
application to mill buildings, suspension bridges, and arched bridges.
Earth pressure, retaining walls, and foundations. (Winter.)
516. Hydraulic Motors and Pumps.
Water wheels, reaction turbines, and impulse turbines. Centrifugal pumps
and turbine pumps. Reciprocating pumps, pumping mains, and hydraulic transmissions
of power. (Spring.)
EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERING.
Adjunct Professor Lapham.
Mr. Brown.
The courses are principally conducted in the laboratories, but lectures are
given to explain the manufacture of materials, the design and operation of
equipment, methods of testing, and the reasonable interpretation of the results.
550. Road Materials Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
2:30-4:30, M. W. F.
Samples of stone are tested for specific gravity, absorption, cementing
value, toughness, resistance to abrasion, and compressive strength. Asphalts
and tars for specific gravity, penetration, melting point, volatilization, viscosity,
fixed carbon, etc. (Spring.)
560. Structural Materials Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
9:30-12:30, 2:30-4:30, W. F.
Standard tests for Portland cement; tests of fine and coarse aggregates;
proportioning of concrete by sieve analysis and Fuller's curve; compression
tests of cement, mortar, and concrete; tension, compression, and torsion tests
of metals; transverse tests of timber and cast iron; autographic testing. The
Standards of the American Society for Testing Materials are used as a guide
and reference. (Fall.)
561. Structural Materials Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
9:30-12:30, W. or F.
This course is similar to Engrg. 560, but is arranged to cover part of
the work in a shorter time. (For Electrical and Mechanical Engineers.)
(Fall.)
570. Fuel and Oil Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
9:30-12:30, 2:30-4:30, W. F.
Standard methods for sampling coal; determination of the heating value
of coal by the bomb calorimeter, with a study of the cooling correction; proximate
analysis of coal; the heating value of gas by the Junker calorimeter;
determination of viscosity, flash point, chill point, and specific gravity of oils;
the coefficient of friction for lubricants. (Winter.)
571. Fuel and Oil Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
9:30-12:30, W. or F.
This course includes the tests for oil given in Engrg. 570, and a brief study
of coal testing. (For Civil Engineers.) (Winter.)
580. Hydraulic Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
9:30-12:30, 2:30-4:30, W. F.
The measurement of the flow of water by standard orifices and weir
notches; calibration of a piston meter; tests of the Venturi meter; determination
of the coefficient of friction for pipe and pipe elbows; economy and
capacity tests of pumps. (Spring.)
590. Power Testing. [Lapham.]
10:30-1:30, Th. S.
The calibration and adjustment of gauges; calibration of thermometers,
planimeters, and indicators; valve setting; determination of clearances; flue
steam engine; tests of a gasoline engine; test of the University Power Plant
boilers. (Fall.)
591. Power Testing. [Lapham.]
10:30-1:30, Th. S.
This course is a continuation of Engrg. 590. Complete test of a steam
engine; guarantee test of a steam turbine with method for correcting to
standard conditions; turbine tests; tests of an air compressor; tests of a
centrifugal blower. The Power Test Code of the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers is used throughout. (Winter.)
Thesis. [Lapham].
Advanced work in the testing of materials and equipment is offered to men
who are considered competent to undertake it. The work is largely independent
and may be substituted for the thesis.
Engineering Reports. [Lapham.]
Instruction is given in the arrangement of material, its presentation by
tables and curves, and in computing with the slide rule and by logarithms.
Preliminary reports are required for each separate test. The final report covers
a series of tests corresponding to the usual commercial or research investigation,
and must meet the standards of professional practice.
DRAWING.
Professor Thornton.
Professor Hancock.
Mr. Henderson.
Mr. Stuart.
Freshman Drawing: Lecture Courses.
600. Practical Geometry. [Thornton.]
12:30-1:30, T. Th.; 8:30-9:30, S.
Fundamental problems of plane geometry with applications to the mensuration
of rectilinear and curvilinear figures; conic sections and the methods of
constructing these curves; the orthographic projection of polyhedra and of the
three round bodies in erect and oblique positions; sections of curved surfaces by
planes and intersections; the mensuration of solids and Simpson's rule; the
graphical solution of equations; and the theory and use of the Polar Planimeter.
(Fall.)
601. Machine Construction. [Hancock.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
Study of the hand and machine tools in the wood and machine shops, their
functions, construction, and operation; free-hand sketching of machine parts;
elementary problems in the computation of shafting, belting, rope drives, toothed
gears, etc. Problems are assigned the student to guide him in the study of each
machine. (Winter.)
Freshman Drawing: Practice Courses. [Henderson.]
9:30-11:30, M. W. F.
Each student executes one finished plate 15″×20″ weekly. These plates
are drawn under the supervision of the instructor and must be neatly finished,
lettered and dimensioned. Every student is required to make tracings and
blueprints of a certain number of his own plates.
650. Mechanical Drawing.
This course embraces training in technique, practice in lettering, and the
graphical solution in the weekly plates of a series of problems in practical plane
and solid geometry, and in graphical algebra and trigonometry. (Fall.)
651. Machine Drawing.
Finished plates consisting of detailed working drawings of machine parts.
The drawings are made, in part, from free-hand sketches from the machine
itself, and, in part, from designs and specifications worked out by the student.
(Winter.)
[4] 652. Topographical Drawing.
In this course the conventional methods of making topographical maps
are carefully taught. Each student is required to become reasonably proficient
in the preparation of such maps. Particular attention is paid to the study of
contoured plans and the solution of problems based on them. The associated
lecture and field courses are 700 and 750. (Spring.)
Sophomore Drawing: Lecture Courses.
12:30-1:30, M. W. F.
603. Graphical Statics. [Thornton.]
The necessary preparation is such knowledge of experimental mechanics as
is given in Physics 200. Graphical methods in mechanics; problems in the
composition and resolution of forces and moments; determination by graphical
methods of centers of gravity, and moments of inertia; construction of strain
sheets for the simpler forms of roof and bridge trusses; study of the stability
of dams and walls; calculation of internal stress in girders, and beam deflections.
(Fall.)
604. Descriptive Geometry. [Thornton.]
The fundamental problems on the point, line, and plane are carefully
studied, with applications to the construction of shadows on polyhedra and to
the graphical statics of force-systems in three dimensions. The projections,
tangencies, sections, and intersections of curved surfaces are then taken up, with
applications to the determination of shades and shadows on such surfaces.
The course concludes with an elementary theory of linear perspective.
(Winter.)
605. Structural Design. [Thornton.]
Graphical analysis and design of simple beam bridges; of reinforced
concrete slabs and beams; of plate girders; of retaining walls for earth; and
of simple types of framed structures. Special attention is given to the structures
important in highway engineering. (Spring.)
Sophomore Drawing: Practice Courses. [Stuart.]
11:30-1:30, T. Th. S.
The work of the course is the execution each week of a plate 15″×20″,
under the direction of a competent instructor. The problems assigned are such
as serve to illustrate the topics discussed in the associated lecture-courses and
develop power in the use of graphical methods. Each student is required also
and to use the planimeter for the mensuration of areas and volumes bounded
by curved lines and surfaces.
653. Graphical Statics.
Fall.
654. Descriptive Geometry.
Winter.
655. Structural Drawing.
Spring.
SHOP-WORK.
Professor Hancock.
Mr. Crickenberger.
Mr. Livesay.
Mr. Wise.
Shop Instruction is given for its educational value. The purpose of this
Department is to train engineers, not artisans; and the claims of the shops
are not permitted to infringe on the more vital functions of the laboratories,
the drafting rooms, and the lectures.
Courses 660, 661 are required of all students of engineering; 662, 663 of
students of mechanical and electrical engineering; 664, 665 of mechanical engineering
students only.
660. Freshman Wood Shop. [Wise.]
3 hours a week.
Bench exercises in sawing, planing, boring, chiseling, tool sharpening.
Lathe exercises in turning between centers and on a face plate.
Machine-tool exercises in the production of useful articles. (Fall or Winter.)
661. Freshman Machine Shop. [Hancock and Assistants.]
3 hours a week.
Bench exercises in chipping and filing.
Engine-lathe exercises in turning, boring, and thread cutting.
Machine-tool exercises in drilling, planing, shaping, and milling.
(Fall or Winter.)
662. Sophomore Machine Shop and Forge Shop.
[Hancock and Assistants.]
6 hours a week.
Bench and machine-tool work in the construction of articles of commercial
value. Exercises in forging iron and steel; forging and tempering center
punches, cold chisels, lathe and planer tools. (Fall.)
663. Sophomore Pattern-making and Foundry. [Wise.]
6 hours a week.
Simple solid and split patterns and core boxes; core making, moulding and
casting. (Spring.)
664. Senior Machine Shop. [Hancock.]
6 hours a week.
In this course the student is given the opportunity to construct some useful
machine. This session the class is building a piece of apparatus for the testing
laboratory. (Fall.)
665. Senior Machine Shop. [Hancock.]
6 hours a week.
Exercises in tool making and tempering; jig making; precision methods
in machine-tool work. (Winter.)
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
Professor Newcomb.
Mr. Brown.
Mr. Carroll.
Mr. Clark.
[5] 700. Plane Surveying. [Newcomb.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures on the theory, uses, and adjustments of the compass, level, transit,
and stadia; the computations of surveying; the methods and proper conduct
of land, mine, city, topographic, and hydrographic surveys. Practical class
exercises illustrating the subject matter of the lectures are assigned to the
students throughout the entire course. (Spring.)
701. Curves and Earthwork. [Newcomb.]
8:30-9:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on simple, compound, transition and vertical curves; the form of
excavations and embankments, earthwork surveys, computation of volumes,
formation of embankments, computation of haul, cost of earthwork, blasting.
Practical exercises in map drawing and topography. (Winter.)
702. Railroad Engineering. [Newcomb.]
12:30-1:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on reconnoissance and preliminary surveys, office location, field
location; the construction, maintenance and operation of railroads. Special
attention is given to questions of railway economics. (Fall.)
703. Roads; Streets; Street Railways. [Newcomb.]
12:30-1:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the principles of road location; the construction and maintenance
of earth roads, broken stone roads, gravel roads; the pavements for city
streets and sidewalks; the location and construction of street railways. (Winter.)
705. Short Span Bridges. [Newcomb.]
10:30-11:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the design and construction of standard types of steel and
timber bridges (Fall.)
706. Long Span Bridges. [Newcomb.]
10:30-11:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the design and construction of the more intricate single span
trusses, cantilever bridges, steel arches, continuous girders, and swing bridges.
(Winter.)
707. Waterworks and Sewers. [Newcomb.]
10:30-11:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the quality, sources, collection, conveyance, purification, and
distribution of city water supplies; the laws of flow in pipe lines and aqueducts;
the drainage of houses and streets; the collection and conveyance of sewage;
the disposal of sewage; the construction and maintenance of works. Practical
exercises in the design of pipe lines and sewers. (Spring.)
714. Materials of Construction. [Newcomb.]
12:30-1:30, Th. F. S.
A descriptive study of the materials used in engineering structures, together
with their characteristics and proper preparation. Lectures on the design and
construction of foundations for bridges and buildings. (Spring.)
718. Masonry Structures. [Newcomb.]
11:30-12:30, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the theory of reinforced concrete; the design and construction
of selected types of masonry structures. Practical exercises in design, together
with structural drawing. (Fall.)
[6] 750. Field Surveying. [Newcomb and Assistants.]
6 hours a week.
This course supplements 700, Plane Surveying, and consumes six hours
a week throughout the Spring Term of the Freshman year. The student is
taught the use of the chain, tape, compass, level, transit, stadia, and plane table.
The parallel work in the drawing-room (652) consists in making computations,
scale drawings, profiles, and contoured maps from notes taken in the field.
(Spring.)
751. Railroad Surveying. [Newcomb and Assistants.]
5 hours a week.
This course supplements 701, Curves and Earthwork. The class is divided
into squads, each squad making complete surveys, maps, profiles, and estimates
for a mile of located line. (Fall and Spring.)
755. Bridge Drafting. [Newcomb.]
12 hours a week.
This course accompanies 705, Short Span Bridges. Each student is required
to make complete design and detail drawings of one plate girder and one
selected type of short span bridge truss. (Fall.)
756. Bridge Drafting. [Newcomb.]
12 hours a week.
This course accompanies 706, Long Span Bridges. Each student is required
to prepare stress sheets and drawings for selected types of long span bridges.
(Winter.)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
Professor Hancock.
800. Elementary Steam Engineering. [Hancock.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
A study of commercial fuels and their uses in the production of power;
of the properties of steam and the methods of measuring pressure, temperature
and humidity; of the design and construction of steam boilers, chimneys, superheaters,
economizers, feed-water heaters and condensers; of the steam engine,
steam turbine, pumps and injectors. Weekly problems for private solution.
(Fall.)
801. Steam Power Plants. [Hancock.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
The economic design and operation of steam power plants. The subject is
treated in lectures with assigned reading. Each student is expected to produce
during the term a complete design of a plant to satisfy assumed conditions.
(Winter.)
802. Machine Design. [Hancock.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
Straining actions in machine elements; friction and lubrication; riveted
fastenings, screws and screw fastenings; keys, cotters, and forced fits; axles,
shafting and couplings, journals and bearings; belt and rope transmissions;
toothed gearing. Weekly problems for private solution. (Spring.)
803. Internal Combustion Engines. [Hancock.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
A study of the thermal problems of internal combustion engines, gas producers,
air compressors and motors and hot air engines. Weekly exercises and
problems. (Fall.)
804. Steam Engines and Steam Turbines. [Hancock.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
A study of the thermal problems of steam engines, steam turbines and
refrigerating machinery. Weekly exercises and problems. (Winter.)
805. Engine Design. [Hancock.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
A study of the mechanical problems involved in the design of machines
discussed in the two previous courses; inertia effects, stresses, strength of parts,
balancing, governing, etc. Weekly exercises and problems. (Spring.)
806. Kinematics of Machines. [Hancock.]
12:30-1:30, M. W. F.
A study of the applications of plane, spheric and screw motions in machines.
The course is principally devoted to valve gears, straight line motions, cams,
toothed wheels, and screw gears. Graphic methods are employed and the work
is almost wholly on the drawing board. (Winter.)
[7] 807. Locomotive Engineering. [Hancock.]
12:30-1:30, M. W. F.
A study of the steam locomotive. The problems of inertia effects, balancing,
tractive force, track and train resistances, hauling capacity, etc., are
treated in lectures. Clear physical conceptions are gained by careful examination
and study of the machine itself. For a knowledge of its history and
present development, general reading and written reports are required. (Fall.)
[8] 809. Automobile Construction. [Hancock.]
12:30-1:30, M. W.
A study of the engine, including details of construction, ignition, combustion
and balancing; of the transmission, running gear and control; of electric
starting and lighting systems. The course is conducted by lectures, with
assigned reading and shop-work in taking down, reassembling and testing an
automobile. See Course 859 below for the practice. (Fall.)
[9] 859. Automobile Laboratory. [Hancock.]
11:30-1:30, F.
This course supplements 809, and is devoted to the testing and work upon
automobiles. (Fall.)
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.
Professor Rodman.
Mr. Wolcott.
900. Elements of Electrical Engineering. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures treating fundamental principles of Electrical Engineering; basic
ideas and fundamental units discussed; magnetic circuits and continuous electric
currents treated in detail; electromagnetism carefully studied. Special attention
is given to the physical conceptions involved, and numerous assigned problems
exemplify and broaden the theoretical discussions. Problem hour weekly,
11:30-12:30, Th. (Fall.)
901. Direct Current Machines. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures on the theory, construction, characteristics, and operation of direct
current generators and motors and the accessory apparatus required for the
proper management and control of these machines. The principles of testing
such machines are carefully discussed. Problems illustrating the methods of
calculation involved in continuous current circuits and practical examples from
standard engineering practice form an important part of the work. Problem
hour weekly, 11:30-12:30, Th. (Winter.)
902. Periodic Currents. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures on electrostatic phenomena, variable currents, alternating currents,
and alternating current circuits, both single and polyphase. A careful study is
made of circuits with periodic currents and their characteristics when resistance,
Extensive problem work is required to facilitate the treatment of simple
and complex circuits. Problem hour weekly, 11:30-12:30, Th. (Spring.)
903. Alternating Current Machinery. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
Lectures on the theory, construction, characteristics, and operation of alternating
current generators, synchronous motors, rotary converters, and transformers.
These machines are considered as units and as integral parts of
electrical systems. The principles of testing such apparatus under various conditions
of loading are discussed, and assigned problem work illustrates the
theory and practice. Problem hour weekly, 11:30-12:30, F. (Fall.)
904. Alternating Current Machinery. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
This course is a continuation of 903. The lectures treat more particularly
alternating current motors, induction, series and repulsion types, with their
characteristics and control apparatus. Methods of testing are outlined and
graphical methods of calculation and predetermination of operating characteristics
are discussed. Problems taken from engineering practice serve to broaden
and fix the theoretical deductions. Problem hour weekly, 11:30-12:30, F.
(Winter.)
905. Electric Power Transmission. [Rodman.]
10:30-11:30, M. W. F.
Lectures on systems of transmission and distribution, with a detailed consideration
of the electrical characteristics of transmission lines; the electrical
equipment of stations and sub-stations, including generating apparatus, switchboards,
control systems and protective devices; systems of transformation and
the economic considerations which influence the design of the complete electrical
system. Problem hour weekly, 11:30-12:30, F. (Spring.)
906. Illumination and Photometry. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
Lectures on light, its physical properties; illuminants and their characteristics;
shades and reflectors; photometry, standards and apparatus; illumination
calculations for point and surface sources; principles of interior, exterior,
decorative, and scenic illumination. Problems illustrating computations necessary
for the consideration of the Illuminating Engineer are assigned. (Fall.)
907. Electric Traction. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
Lectures on the various types of electric motors for traction purposes, controllers
and systems of control, brakes, rolling stock, track, train performance,
and electric railway economics. A discussion with problems of the complete
electrification system for electric railways, including generating apparatus, transmission,
sub-stations and equipment, distribution, and utilization of electrical
energy for car propulsion. (Winter.)
910. Direct Current Systems. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures dealing with the fundamentals of electrical circuits and direct
current machinery. Problem work accompanies the lectures. The course is
essentially for the non-electrical engineering students. (Fall.)
911. Alternating Current Systems. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures covering the fundamentals of alternating current circuits and
machinery. Brief expositions of the subjects of electric lighting and power
fundamentals. For non-electrical engineering students. (Winter.)
[10] 912. Electrical Equipment. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, T. Th. S.
Lectures and computations dealing with the choice, arrangement, and systems
of wiring and control governing the approved methods of installation of
electrical equipment for industrial uses. For non-electrical engineering students.
(Spring.)
[11] 920-921-922. Wireless Telegraphy and Signaling. [Rodman.]
11:30-12:30, S.
A course of lectures once a week dealing with the theory and operation of
wireless telegraph installations, and standard methods of signaling, with particular
reference to their use in war. The lectures are supplemented by practice
in code sending and receiving by various methods, see 970-1-2. (Fall, Winter,
Spring.)
941. Engineering Economics. [Rodman.]
8:30-9:30, M. W. F.
Lectures and parallel reading on the economic considerations involved in
engineering problems. Optional course. (Spring.)
950-951-952. Direct Current Laboratory. [Rodman.]
11:30-1:30 and 2:30-4:30, M.
This course supplements 900-1. The laboratory work is devoted to a study
of electrical instruments, their use and manipulation; simple electrical circuits
and study of direct current apparatus and its operation; characteristics of
generators and motors. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
953-954-955. Alternating Current Laboratory. [Rodman.]
11:30-1:30 and 2:30-4:30, W.
This course supplements 902-3-4, dealing with measuring instruments for
alternating current circuits; series and parallel circuits and their characteristics;
polyphase circuits, balanced and unbalanced; and alternating current
generator, motor and transformer characteristics. (Fall, 4 hours a week;
Winter, 6; Spring, 4.)
956. Photometric Laboratory. [Rodman.]
11:30-1:30, T.
This course accompanies 906. Photometric tests are made upon different
types of incandescent lamps. The operating characteristics of incandescent and
arc lamps are studied. Tests of illumination, interior and exterior, are carried
out. Study of photometric standards and devices. (Fall.)
[12] 960-961-962. Electrical Laboratory. [Rodman.]
2:30-4:30, T. Th.
This course supplements 910-11-12. The work of the first term is devoted
to direct current tests; the second term exercises are on alternating current
circuits and machines; the course in the third term is largely concerned with
calculations and drawings for typical industrial equipments of electrical machines
and controls. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
[13] 970-971-972. Signaling Laboratory. [Wolcott.]
6 hours a week.
This course supplements 920-1-2. The greater part of the time is devoted to
practice in code receiving and sending by wireless telegraphy. Some time is
devoted to other standard methods of communication. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
The University of Virginia branch of the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers holds regular meetings for the discussion of periodical literature and
the exposition by resident and visiting engineers of present-day problems in
Electrical Engineering.
ENGINEERING SCHEDULE.
| Lecture Hours | Laboratory Periods | Examination Days (1918-'19) |
||||||
| M. W. F. |
T. Th. S. |
Dec. | Mar. | May June |
||||
| Mathematics | ||||||||
| 100-1-2 | 8:30 | II | 13 | 13 | 27 | |||
| 103-4-5 | 11:30 | III | 14 | 14 | 28 | |||
| Physics | ||||||||
| 200-1-2 | 10:30 | M. W. F., 9:30-11:30 | VI | 18 | 18 | 31 | ||
| 203-4-x | 8:30 | T. Th., 2:30-4:30 | IV | 16 | 15 | |||
| Chemistry | ||||||||
| 300-1-2 | 9:30 | M. W. F., 11:30-1:30 | V | 17 | 17 | 30 | ||
| 303-4-5 | 10:30 | 9 hours a week | VI | 18 | 18 | 31 | ||
| 309-10-11 | 8:30 | 6 hours a week | II | 13 | 13 | 27 | ||
| 330-1-2 | 9:30 | 6 hours a week | V | 17 | 17 | 30 | ||
| 333-4-5 | 9:30 | 12 hours a week | I | 12 | 12 | 26 | ||
| Geology and Mining |
||||||||
| 400-1-2 | 12:30 M.T.W. | 6 hours a week | IX | 21 | 21 | 4 | ||
| 403-4-5 | 11:30 M.T.W. | 6 hours a week | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | ||
| 406-7-8 | 10:30 M.T.W. | 6 hours a week | III | 14 | 14 | 28 | ||
| 420-1-2 | 10:30 Th.F.S. | X | 23 | 22 | 5 | |||
| Mechanics | ||||||||
| 511-2-3 | 9:30 | V | 17 | 17 | 30 | |||
| 514-5-6 | 9:30 | VI | 18 | 18 | 31 | |||
| Experimental Engineering |
||||||||
| x-x-550 | M.W.F., 2:30-4:30 | |||||||
| 560-70-80 | W. F., 9:30-12:30;2:30-4:30 | |||||||
| 561-71-x | W., 9:30-12:30 | |||||||
| 590-1-x | Th. S., 10:30-1:30 | |||||||
| Drawing and Shopwork |
||||||||
| 600-x-x | 12:30 T.Th. | 8:30 S. | M. W. F., 9:30-11:30 | IX | 21 | 21 | 4 | |
| x-601-x | 8:30 | M. W. F., 9:30-11:30 | IX | 21 | 21 | 4 | ||
| 603-4-5 | 12:30 | T. Th. S., 11:30-1:30 | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | ||
| 660-1-x | S., 10:30-1:30 or 2:30-5:30 | |||||||
| 662-x-3 | M. W. F., 2:30-4:30 | |||||||
| 664-5-x | 6 hours a week, fall, winter | |||||||
| Civil Engineering | ||||||||
| x-x-700 | 8:30 | 6 hours a week, spring | IX | 21 | 21 | 4 | ||
| x-701-x | 8:30 Th.F.S. | 5 hours a week, fall, spring | I | 12 | 12 | 26 | ||
| 702-3-14 | 12:30 Th.F.S. | I | 12 | 12 | 26 | |||
| 705-6-7 | 10:30 Th.F.S. | 12 hours a week, fall, winter | II | 13 | 13 | 27 | ||
| 718-x-x | 11:30 Th.F.S. | IV | 16 | 15 | 29 | |||
| Mechanical Engineering |
||||||||
| 800-1-2 | 8:30 | III | 14 | 14 | 28 | |||
| 803-4-5 | 10:30 | IV | 16 | 15 | 29 | |||
| 807-6-x | 12:30 | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | |||
| 809-x-x | 12:30 M. W. | F., 11:30-1:30 | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | ||
| Electrical Engineering |
||||||||
| 900-1-2 | 10:30 | 11:30 Th. | M., 11:30-1:30, 2:30-4:30 | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | |
| 903-4-5 | 10:30 | 11:30 F. | W., 11:30-1:30, 2:30-4:30 | VIII | 20 | 20 | 3 | |
| 906-7-41 | 8:30 | T., 11:30-1:30 | X | 23 | 22 | 5 | ||
| 910-1-2 | 8:30 | T. Th., 2:30-4:30 | VII | 19 | 19 | 2 | ||
| 920-1-2 | 11:30 S. | 6 hours a week | IX | 21 | 21 | 4 | ||
| Military Training |
4:30 W. | M. T. Th. F., 4:30 | ||||||
PROGRAMS OF STUDY FOR DEGREES IN ENGINEERING.
| Freshman | Sophomore | Junior | Senior | |
| Civil Engineering |
Mathematics 100-1-2 | Mathematics 103-4-5 | Mechanics 511-2-3 | Mechanics 514-5-6 |
| [14] Chemistry 300-1-2 | [15] Physics 200-1-2 | Engineering 800-1-x | [16] Engineering 705-6-7 | |
| [17] Drawing 600-1-700 | [18] Drawing 603-4-5 | Engineering 702-3-14 | Engineering 718-x-x | |
| Shop 660-1-x | Engineering 751-701-751 | Engineering 560-71-80 | [19] Engineering 910-1-x | |
| Field x-x-750 | Engineering x-x-550 | [20] Geology 400-1-2 | Thesis | |
| Military | Military | |||
| Mechanical Engineering |
Mathematics 100-1-2 | Mathematics 103-4-5 | Mechanics 511-2-3 | Mechanics 514-5-6 |
| [21] Chemistry 300-1-2 | [22] Physics 200-1-2 | Engineering 800-1-2 | Engineering 803-4-5 | |
| [23] Drawing 600-1-700 | [24] Drawing 603-4-5 | Engineering 561-70-80 | [25] Engineering 809-6-714 | |
| Shop 660-1-x | Shop 662-x-3 | [26] Engineering 910-1-2 | Engineering 590-1-x | |
| Field x-x-750 | Military | Shop 664-5-x | ||
| Military | Thesis | |||
| Electrical Engineering |
Mathematics 100-1-2 | Mathematics 103-4-5 | Mechanics 511-2-3 | Mechanics 514-5-6 |
| [27] Chemistry 300-1-2 | [28] Physics 200-1-2 | Engineering 800-1-2 | [29] Engineering 903-4-5 | |
| [30] Drawing 600-1-700 | [31] Drawing 603-4-5 | Engineering 561-70-80 | [32] Engineering 906-7-x | |
| Shop 660-1-x | Shop 662-x-3 | [33] Engineering 900-1-2 | Engineering 590-1-x | |
| Field x-x-750 | Military | [34] Physics 203-4-x | ||
| Military | Thesis | |||
| Chemical Engineering |
Mathematics 100-1-2 | Mathematics 103-4-5 | Engineering 800-1-2 | Mechanics 511-2-3 |
| [35] Chemistry 300-1-2 | [36] Physics 200-1-2 | [37] Chemistry 333-4-5 | Engineering 560-70-80 | |
| [38] Drawing 600-1-700 | [39] Drawing 603-4-5 | [40] Chemistry 303-4-5 | [41] Chemistry 309-10-11 | |
| Shop 660-1-x | [42] Chemistry 330-1-2 | [43] Geology 400-1-2 | [44] Engineering 910-1-2 | |
| Field x-x-750 | Military | |||
| Military | ||||
| Mining Engineering | Mathematics 100-1-2 | Mathematics 103-4-5 | Mechanics 511-2-3 | Mining 420-1-2 |
| [45] Chemistry 300-1-2 | [46] Physics 200-1-2 | Engineering 800-1-2 | [47] Geology 403-4-5 | |
| [48] Drawing 600-1-700 | [49] Drawing 603-4-5 | Engineering 560-70-80 | [50] Geology 406-7-8 | |
| Shop 660-1-x | Engineering 751-701-751 | [51] Engineering 910-1-x | [52] Chemistry 330-1-2 | |
| Field x-x-750 | Military | [53] Geology 400-1-2 | ||
| Military |
The student is warned to adhere strictly to the regular programs or
else to select his courses so as to avoid conflicts of lecture hours, laboratory
periods, and examination days. The faculty declines to accept responsibility
for conflicts, unless the same have been authorized in advance by a special
vote of the faculty.
EXPENSES OF REGULAR STUDENTS.
The average annual expenses of a student who pursues the regular course
in Engineering will be:
| Outside Students |
Virginians | |
| University Fee | $ 40 | $ 20 |
| Tuition and Laboratory Fees (average) | 120 | 80 |
| Living Expenses (for nine months) | 290 | 290 |
| Books and Drawing Materials | 20 | 20 |
| Incidental Expenses (for nine months) | 45 | 45 |
| Total for average conditions | $515 | $455 |
The charges for Tuition are uniform to all students, except that Virginians
are relieved of tuition on courses offered in the College. The fee for each
collegiate class taken will be $25, with the addition of the prescribed laboratory
charges, which are $5 per class for Physics and $15 for Chemistry. For each
class in Analytical Chemistry a special fee of $50 is charged for tuition, plus
$10 for apparatus and supplies. The fee for each technical lecture-course is $30,
for each practice-course in drawing $15, for each laboratory or practice-course
in Engineering, Shop-work, or Field-work, $5. These fees include all charges
for laboratory materials; but the student is held further responsible for
breakage.
The Living Expenses include board, lodging, fuel and lights, servant and
laundry; the average is $32 a month, the minimum $22, and a reasonable maximum
$37. Books and Drawing Materials will cost about $80 for the four-year
course. Incidental Expenses ought to be kept within modest bounds; the above
estimate is sufficient; large allowances of pocket money promote idleness and
attract companions of the baser sort. No allowances are made for clothing or
travel, the expenses for which vary too much to be introduced into any general
estimate.
The charges payable on entrance are the University fee, the contingent
deposit of $10 and the tuition and laboratory fees.
EXAMINATIONS AND REPORTS.
Oral examinations are held at the beginning of each lecture hour on the
topics of the preceding lecture. Written test papers are set monthly, or at
such interval as the professor may appoint. Absences from lecture except by
reason of sickness are not excused without a written leave from the Dean.
Class standing is determined on the basis of the oral examinations and the
written tests. Absence from the latter or failure to answer incurs a zero
grade. Absences from laboratory periods, however caused, must be made up
by special private arrangement with the instructor.
Written examinations are held at the end of each term on the entire
work of that term. The result of the examination combined with the student's
class-standing gives his term-grade. The pass-mark is seventy-five per cent.
may not be removed except by the passage of a special written examination
on the work of that term. Such special examinations are granted only upon
presentation of a written certificate from a reputable physician that the student
by reason of sickness on the day of the regular examination was unable to
attend.
Regular Reports are sent out at the end of every term to the student's
parent or guardian. These state for each course followed the term-grade and
the number of absences. Further comment may be added by the Dean or the
professor, if it appears probable that such comment would be helpful to the
student. Parents are urged to examine these reports carefully and to exert
such parental influence as may seem needed to establish and confirm the student
in habits of industry and order.
Special Reports are sent to parents at the end of each month for students
delinquent in attendance or studiousness and for delinquents only. When a
student is making steady progress and showing due diligence in his work,
only the regular reports are sent. The receipt of a special report is evidence
that, in the judgment of the faculty, prompt and pointed parental admonition
is urgently needed.
If in any class in the Department of Engineering a student fails to make
satisfactory progress, he is first admonished by the professor in charge. In
default of prompt and permanent improvement, he is next formally warned
by the Dean. If due amendment is then not immediately effected, the student's
name is dropped from the rolls of the Department, on the ground that he is not
accomplishing the purposes for which he should have entered upon a University
course of study.
REGULATIONS.
The following regulations, adopted to define the policy of the faculty, are
published for the information and guidance of the students:
1. Practice-courses as well as lecture-courses must be conducted under
the Honor System. The student who submits any work to be graded is considered
to submit it under pledge.
2. When the lecture-course and the associated practice-course are given
in the same term of the same year, no student will be admitted to examination
on the lecture-course until he has completed at least three-fourths of the
practice-course.
3. No student will be admitted to any practice-course unless he is at the
same time pursuing the associated lecture-course, or has already received credit
for the same.
4. No student will be admitted to the graduating examination on a
lecture-course unless he has been present at more than half the lectures in
that course.
5. In the technical courses in Engineering (i. e., courses not given in the
College) term-grades shall not be averaged; except that the term-grades for
Freshman Drawing (600-601-700) may be averaged for first-year men only,
provided no mark is below 65.
6. The pass-mark in every course is 75. Class standing is estimated at
20 points; the written examination at 80 points.
7. No student who fails to make 75 on term-grade shall be granted another
examination on the course until he has again attended lectures on that course.
8. Special examinations are not given except by reason of sickness on
the day of examination, attested by the written certificate of a reputable physician,
or for other like providential causes. In every case they must be validated
by special vote of the faculty.
9. A student whose term-grades average less than 40 for all the courses
in which he is registered shall be at once dropped from the rolls. If his average
is above 40 with no mark above 65, he is placed on probation.
10. A student on probation, who in the next term makes less than 65 on
each and all his courses, shall be at once dropped from the rolls.
ADVANCED STANDING.
Under the elective system of the University of Virginia, a student who has
completed courses of college or university grade in other institutions of learning
on mathematical or scientific subjects may be excused from attendance upon
these courses by the Dean, with the advice and consent of the professors in
charge, and will then be registered for the more advanced work.
In order to secure College Credit upon such courses toward a degree in
Engineering from this university, the applicant must show—
1. That the courses offered are coextensive with the corresponding courses
as given in the University of Virginia.
2. That his grades on them were not below the seventy-five per cent.
pass-mark of this University.
Such credits may be granted by the faculty upon the recommendation of
the Dean and the professors in charge; but are automatically revoked by the
failure of the student to pass in the more advanced courses in the related
topics.
The same rules apply to Credits on Summer School Courses; except that
for courses in the Summer School of this University the examination questions
must be prepared by the professor in charge of the regular course, and the
answers must be read and graded by him.
Credits on Practice-Courses in Drawing, Shop-work, or Field-work may
be granted to applicants who have gained in professional practice the training
which these courses represent. Such applicants must file with the Dean proper
certificates from the official under whom the work was done and must in addition
pass a practical test on the subjects for which credit is desired.
DRAFTING ROOMS.
The drafting rooms are abundantly lighted and are provided with solidly
constructed tables with locked drawers for instruments and materials. Each
student is assigned to a table and has a drawer for his exclusive use. The
regular Drawing Classes execute each one plate a week under the supervision
of the Instructors in Drawing. The more advanced students have such additional
development of the courses of study.
Careful attention is given to the training of the students in free-hand
lettering, in the conventional signs of mechanical drawing, in the proper
lay-out of drawings, and in neat and accurate execution. Exercises are required
also in tracing and in blue-printing, the rooms for which are conveniently
arranged and in close contiguity to the drafting rooms. While, however,
technical dexterity is demanded, the graphical method is taught and used primarily
as an indispensable instrument of research, the thoughtful mastery of
which is essential for the instructed Engineer.
The construction and theory of the Polar Planimeter, the Slide Rule, and
the Pantograph are carefully taught, and the student is trained in the practical
use of these appliances for the rapid and accurate production of estimates and
copies from finished drawings.
SHOPS.
The machine shop is provided with six first-class engine lathes, illustrating
the practice of the best American makers; with a planer, a shaper, two
drill presses, a universal milling machine (Brown & Sharpe), and a universal
grinder (same makers); also with a gas forge for tempering tools, a cut-off
saw for metal rods, an emery wheel, grindstone, and so on.
The wood shop is furnished with five small lathes, a large patternmaker's
lathe, a jointer, a planer, a saw bench for slitting and cross-cutting,
a band-saw, a jig-saw, and a wood trimmer for pattern-making, six cabinetmaker's
benches, and an ample supply of hand tools.
The foundry has a cupola furnace for working cast iron, a brass furnace,
a core oven, and all needful accessories for moulding and casting; the blast for
the cupola is furnished by a special blower, driven by a small high-speed steam
engine.
The forge room is equipped with Buffalo down-draft forges; and the
necessary smith's tools; the draft is furnished by an engine-driven blower, and
the exhaust is operated by a fan driven also by the engine.
EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORIES.
Road Materials Laboratory.—The apparatus for tests of non-bituminous
road materials includes a two-cylinder Deval abrasion machine, a ball mill, a
moulding press for briquettes of rock dust, a Page impact cementation tester,
a Page impact toughness tester, a rock crusher and a Purdue brick rattler.
This outfit the University owes to the generous aid of Dr. Logan Waller Page.
In addition, the Department has acquired a 40,000-pound compression tester,
a diamond core drill, a diamond rock saw, a grinding lap, a Westphal balance,
specific gravity apparatus, and a complete set of sieves. Useful researches in
the road-building rocks and gravels of Virginia, as well as the standard tests,
are conducted each year by the class in Civil Engineering.
The apparatus for tests of bituminous road materials includes the New
York Testing Laboratory penetrometer, the Kirschbaum ductility machine, the
Engler viscosimeter, the asphalt viscosimeter, the New York Testing Laboratory
asphalt flow plates, gas and electric hot plates, and the accessory apparatus
needed for research on bituminous road-binders.
Structural Materials Laboratory.—The Sinclair Laboratory for work in
testing structural materials was founded on the original donation of Mrs. John
Sinclair, of New York City, as a memorial to her late husband. The collection
has since been considerably enlarged. It contains a Riehle 100,000-pound
machine, arranged for tensile, compressive, and transverse tests, with an attachment
for taking autographic diagrams; an Olsen 100,000-pound machine fitted
with a suspended ball compression block; an Olsen torsion machine of 50,000inch-pounds
capacity; a Ewing machine for finding the modulus of elasticity;
hand machines for testing rods and wires under pull, and small specimens of
timber and cast iron under transverse loads. It is also equipped with accessory
measuring instruments; these include a Henning extensometer, an Olsen compressometer,
and a Ewing optical extensometer of great delicacy.
The laboratory is completely equipped for making tests of cement, cement
aggregates, and concrete. It contains a Fairbank's tensile tester of 1,000 pounds
capacity; an Olsen steaming oven for accelerated tests; an Olsen drying oven
with automatic temperature regulation; moist air closets; sieves for mechanical
analysis; moulds for tension and compression tests; and the required
small apparatus.
Fuel and Oil Laboratory.—For the determination of the heating value of
coal, petroleum, etc., the laboratory has an Emerson bomb calorimeter. For
gas calorimetry, a Junker calorimeter made by the American Meter Co. is used
The equipment also includes a Braun gas muffle furnace, a Brown high resistance
pyrometer, balances, platinum crucibles, etc. For investigating the coefficient
of friction for lubricants, the laboratory has an Olsen-Cornell oil tester,
and is further equipped with such apparatus as flash and chill point testers,
hydrometers, viscosimeters, etc., used in the determination of the physical
properties of oils.
Hydraulics Laboratory.—The laboratory equipment for work in hydraulics
comprises a steel tank for weir experiments with interchangeable bronze
notches; a hook gauge for measurement of surface levels; a stand-pipe
provided with a set of standard bronze orifices for experiments on efflux;
commercial pipe and elbows arranged for determining friction losses; and
the necessary scales, tanks, manometers, etc. It also includes a pump which is
piped to circulate water from a cement cistern to a tank in the attic of the
building.
Power Laboratory.—The laboratory is equipped to illustrate the theory
involved in Mechanical Engineering; to give practical instruction in the handling
of machinery; and to teach the fundamental methods of experimental
work. It contains a Ball high-speed engine; a De Laval turbine with condensing
and non-condensing nozzles, which is direct-connected to a 20-kva
alternating-current generator; an Otto gasoline engine with a special piston
for alcohol; a Wheeler surface condenser to which the exhaust from any of
the steam units may be connected; a Sturtevant blower; an air compressor;
boilers of the University Heating and Lighting Plant are used.
The instrument room contains all necessary apparatus for carrying out
complete tests. Among this may be mentioned indicators, thermometers,
gauges, planimeters, with standards for their correction and calibration; two
types of Orsat apparatus; separating and throttling calorimeters, etc.
FIELD WORK IN CIVIL ENGINEERING.
The outfit of field instruments contains compasses, transits, and levels
of various approved makes; a solar transit, furnished also with stadia wires
and gradienter for tachymetric work; hand-levels and clinometers for field
topography; plane tables; a sextant; together with an adequate supply of
leveling rods, telemeter rods, signal poles, chains, tapes, pins, and so on.
For hydraulic surveys a hook gauge and a current meter are provided. All
students are instructed in the theory and adjustments of the field instruments
and in their practical use in the field. They are also required to make
up their field-books in standard forms; to reduce their surveys and execute
all the necessary profiles, plans, and maps; and to determine lengths, areas,
and volumes both from the maps and from the original notes. Polar planimeters
are provided for facilitating such estimates, and a pantograph for
making reduced copies of finished drawings.
In recognition of the growing interest in Good Roads in Virginia and the
immense social and economic importance of the construction of such roads in
all parts of the commonwealth, the Faculty of the Department of Engineering
has rearranged the courses of instruction in this topic and brought them together
into the Spring Term, so as to form a special course in highway
engineering for the benefit of young men from Virginia who wish to go into
public highway work. To such Virginians, if adequately prepared and recommended,
free scholarships will be given. Application should be made to the
Dean, accompanied by recommendations from the State Highway Commissioner
or from the Board of Supervisors of the applicant's county.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY.
The Scott Laboratory of Electrical Engineering.—This laboratory was
initially equipped and endowed by Mrs. Frances Branch Scott, of Richmond,
Va., as a memorial to her late son, an alumnus of this University. During the
year 1910 the equipment was substantially increased through the generosity of
the Hon. Charles R. Crane, of Chicago, Ill., a friend of the University.
During 1912 still further substantial additions were made, consisting of measuring
instruments, auxiliary control apparatus, and more particularly a steamturbine-driven
three-phase alternating-current generator with exciter and control
switchboard.
In addition to full sets of electric meters with the appliances for testing
and calibrating them, galvanometers of the best modern types, standard cells
and resistances, standard condensers, and other pieces of apparatus for minor
tests, this laboratory contains numerous pieces of the very best construction.
Such are the Wolff potentiometer, the Siemens and Halske Thomson double
the Station photometer with Lummer-Brodhun screen, the Carey-Foster bridge
and others. For the work in machine-testing there are a number of directcurrent
generators and motors, series, shunt and compound, an interpole
motor, a double current generator, a two-phase alternator, a General Electric
experimental test set for alternating current, comprising a generator furnishing
single, two, three, six or twelve-phase current, and, in addition, offering three
types of induction motors with all necessary starting and controlling devices,
a single-phase repulsion motor, a two-phase induction motor, two three-phase
induction motors, several pairs of constant voltage transformers, a constant
current transformer, frequency meters, power factor indicator, synchronism
indicator, ground detector and the auxiliary apparatus used in testing these
machines. The laboratory has been arranged with a system of universal plug
and receptacle-connections to facilitate the setting up of all experimental
combinations.
BUILDINGS.
The buildings devoted wholly or in part to the work of the Department
of Engineering are the following:
The Mechanical Laboratory is the main seat of the instruction in technical
studies. It is 180 by 70 feet and contains on the main floor the Dean's
office and the offices of the other professors; the main lecture-room; the
laboratory of electrical engineering; and the drafting-room for the First and
Second-Year students. Above are a smaller drafting-room for advanced students,
and blue-print and photographic rooms. Below on the ground floor are
another classroom, the testing laboratories, the wood shop, the metal shop,
apparatus and storerooms, the toolroom, and the students' lavatory.
The Power House is a single-story building 110 by 40 feet. In addition
to the University boiler plant and the electric lighting plant, this contains the
foundry and the forge-room. The boiler plant consists of two horizontal
return-tubular boilers, each of 140 horse-power. The lighting plant consists of
three electric generators directly connected to high-speed engines, the respective
capacities being 25, 50, and 75 kilowatts. The whole plant is available for
purposes of instruction, study and experiment.
The Geological Museum is 120 by 50 feet. It is a three-story building.
The main floor is devoted to the very extensive geological collection of specimens,
charts, relief maps, and so on. The gallery above contains an equally
good collection of minerals and numerous models of typical crystallographic
forms. The upper floor contains the lecture-rooms and the laboratories of
Economic Geology. In the basement are stored subsidiary collections and new
material accumulated in more recent geological surveys.
The Physical Laboratory faces the Mechanical Laboratory on the opposite
side of the quadrangle, and has almost the same proportions. The main floor
contains the lecture-room, the professors' offices, the laboratory of experimental
physics, and the storeroom for the very large collection of apparatus
used in the lectures. On the ground floor is the laboratory of theoretical electricity,
of apparatus, and smaller rooms for the work of graduate students.
The new Chemical Laboratory was opened for use in September, 1917.
In this fire-proof structure all the work in Chemistry is assembled. The floor
area provided is about 30,000 square feet. The lecture-rooms seat classes of
300, 75 and 25 students. The laboratories assigned to General Chemistry,
Organic Chemistry, Qualitative Analysis, Quantitative Analysis, and Physical
Chemistry contain 110, 60, 40, 30, and 20 desks. Altogether by dividing classes
into sections, 600 students may be accommodated. Smaller private laboratories
are provided for research workers. Large stock rooms communicating by
elevators with the several floors contain ample stores of chemical supplies.
The 5,000 volumes of books and bound sets of journals constituting the Departmental
Library of Chemistry are so housed as to be accessible to both
teachers and students.
| The University of Virginia record February 1, 1918 | |