 | The University of Virginia record February 1, 1918 |  |
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE.
Edwin Anderson Alderman, Ph.B., D.C.L., LL.D.
President.
Theodore Hough, B.A., Ph.D.
Dean.
| John Staige Davis, M.A., M.D. | Rugby Road |
| Professor of Practice of Medicine. | |
| William Alexander Lambeth, M.D., Ph.D. | Carr's Hill |
| Professor of Hygiene. | |
| William Douglas Macon, B.A., M.D. | East Market Street |
| Professor of Obstetrics. | |
| Theodore Hough, B.A., Ph.D. | McCormick Road |
| Professor of Physiology. | |
| Stephen Hurt Watts, M.A., M.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Surgery and Gynecology. | |
| Halstead Shipman Hedges, B.S., M.A., M.D. | Park Street |
| Professor of Diseases of the Eye. | |
| Harry Taylor Marshall, B.A., M.D. | Preston Heights |
| Walter Reed Professor of Pathology. | |
| Robert French Compton, M.D. | Fry's Spring |
| Professor of Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat. | |
| James Carroll Flippin, M.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Clinical Medicine. | |
| Harvey Ernest Jordan, M.A., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Histology and Embryology. | |
| Robert Bennet Bean, B.S., M.D. | Preston Heights |
| Professor of Anatomy. | |
| James Alexander Waddell, B.A., M.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Pharmacology, Materia Medica and Toxicology. | |
| William Hall Goodwin, B.A., M.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Associate Professor of Surgery and Gynecology. | |
| William Edward Bray, B.A., M.D. | West Main Street |
| Adjunct Professor of Medicine and University Physician. | |
| John Henry Neff, B.A., M.D. | University Place |
| Adjunct Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery. | |
| Charles Scott Venable, M.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Wilmer Baker, M.D. | Anatomy |
| Dudley Crofford Smith, B.S., M.D. | Medicine |
| Hunter Samuel Woodberry, B.A., M.D. | Surgery |
| Joseph Lee Wright, M.D. | Surgery |
| Thomas Henry Daniel, M.D. | Medicine |
| Edward May Magruder, M.D. | Medicine |
| [1] Hugh Thomas Nelson, M.D. | Medicine |
| Monte Lewis Rea, M.D. | Pediatrics and Dermatology |
| Gustav Adolph Pagenstecher | Histology and Embryology |
| Burr Noland Carter, B.A. | Pathology |
| Frank McCutchan, M.A. | Pathology |
| James Edward Marable | Pathology |
| Roy Michael Hoover, B.A. | Physiological Chemistry |
| Francis Milton Massie, B.A. | Physiological Chemistry |
| David Cole Wilson, B.A. | Physiological Chemistry |
| George Breaker Setzler, B.A. | Physiology and Pharmacology |
| William Wyatt Strange | Physiology and Pharmacology |
| Allen Tupper Hawthorne | Surgical Pathology |
For information as to lodgings, board, expenses, etc., and for catalogues
and other printed literature, address the Registrar.
For other information, address the Dean of the Department of
Medicine.
The session of 1918-1919 opens on September 12. The registration days
are September 12-14. A fee is required for delayed registration.
Requirements for Admission to the Department of Medicine.—Applicants
for admission to the Department of Medicine are required to furnish
evidence of the completion of a four-year course at a recognized public or
private high-school, or acceptable certificates which represent work equivalent in
amount and character to such high-school course, and, in addition, to present
evidence of the completion at an approved institution of collegiate rank of two
years of work aggregating thirty session-hours. A session-hour is one hour a
week throughout the session of lecture or recitation, or two hours a week
throughout the session of laboratory work. This college course must include a
year's work, as described below, in each of the following subjects: (a) Chemistry,
(b) Physics, (c) Biology, (d) English, (e) French or German (unless
this requirement is absolved by examination, as described below).
(a) Chemistry.—Four session-hours in general inorganic chemistry, of
which two must consist of laboratory work.
(b) Physics.—Four session-hours, of which at least one must be laboratory
work. It is urged that this course be preceded by courses in advanced algebra,
solid geometry and trigonometry.
(c) Biology.—Four session-hours, of which two must consist of laboratory
work. This requirement may be satisfied by a four-session-hour course in either
general biology or zoölogy, or by two courses of two session-hours each in
zoölogy and botany respectively.
(d) English.—The usual introductory college course of three session-hours,
or its equivalent, in English composition and literature.
(e) French or German.—A reading knowledge of one of these languages.
This requirement may be absolved by demonstration on examination, written or
oral, of the ability to read medical French or German. When the requirement
is absolved by college work, the student must complete the three-session-hour
course following the college course for beginners in the language.
Further information concerning the character of these requirements and
forms for certificates may be obtained by addressing the Dean of the Department
of Medicine.
In planning the two-year college work, students are advised to take English,
mathematics, biology, and a modern language during the first year, and to take
physics and chemistry during the second year. This arrangement of studies is
advised because mathematics should precede physics, and it is desirable to avoid
the lapse of a year between the general chemistry of the college and the organic
and physiological chemistry of the first year of the medical curriculum. Students
who have completed general chemistry and who have one more year of college
work for entrance to the medical school, are advised to take some courses in
chemistry (e. g., analytical, physical, or organic chemistry) during their last
year in college.
Limitation of Numbers and Reservation of Places in the First-Year
Class.—The number of students in the first-year class is limited to thirty-six.
Reservation of a place, if desired by the applicant, can be made beforehand on
the conditions hereinafter described.
Those intending to enter the Department of Medicine are advised to ascertain
at once by correspondence with the Dean of the Department of Medicine
whether their high-school and college courses entitle them to admission to
the first-year class. For this purpose there may be obtained from the Dean a
blank form on which the necessary information may be entered in full.
At the time of registration, applicants will be registered in the order in
which they present themselves, until all vacancies are filled. Applicants who
have not made reservations, as described below, are therefore advised to apply for
registration at 9:00 o'clock of the first day of registration (September 12, 1918).
Any applicant whose record, certified by the proper official of the college
last attended, has been endorsed by the Dean of the Department of Medicine as
entitling him to admission to the first-year class, may at any time before the registration
period have a place reserved for him until 12:00 noon of the first day
of registration by depositing with the Bursar the sum of $50.00 in part payment
of the tuition fee of the first year. A reservation so made can be cancelled only
in exceptional cases. In case a student who has obtained a reservation fails to
register, the deposit of $50.00 will be forfeited to the University unless, in case
of illness or other providential cause, the Dean of the Department of Medicine
directs that it be returned.
Facilities for and Methods of Instruction.—In recent years many additions
have been made to the laboratory facilities of the department, so that there
are now well-equipped laboratories for the study of organic and physiological
chemistry, gross anatomy, histology and embryology, bacteriology and pathology,
physiology, pharmacology, materia medica, and clinical diagnosis. These laboratories
are all presided over by trained teachers, to whom teaching and investigation
are primary considerations. The number of hours assigned to laboratory
subjects is quite large and affords ample time for thorough study of the best
methods. The student is brought into close contact with teachers who are both
willing and able to guide him; he gains a very large part of his knowledge at
first hand and by his own exertions, and thus acquires the habit of working out
things for himself; he becomes self-reliant, a quality essential to the practice of
his difficult profession. Trained in this manner, he acquires an understanding
of the medical sciences and the ability to apply the facts of these sciences to the
subsequent study of disease. For these reasons the great fundamental sciences
receive the utmost consideration, constituting the entire work of the first two
years.
The methods of clinical instruction are based upon the belief that no clinical
teaching is efficient which is not governed by essentially the same principles
as those which govern the best laboratory teaching. This instruction is accordingly
designed to enforce with the individual student a careful, thorough, face-to-face
study of disease and its management. The facilities afforded by the
University Hospital and Out-Patient Department are described on a subsequent
page. After two sessions devoted to laboratory training, the student is introduced
in the third year to the study of disease in living persons. In the Out-Patient
Department and in the Hospital he learns the methods of examining
patients, of diagnosing their diseases, and of instituting rational treatment; and
he learns these things in much the same way as he studied in the laboratory, that
is to say, by doing them himself under the direction and criticism of the instructors.
This practical training is accomplished by a systematic study of the various
subjects by means of lectures, textbooks, and recitations. With this preparation
the student is ready to enter upon the hospital work in his fourth year. Here he
has advantages for clinical training similar to those enjoyed by internes. Each
clinical patient on admission to the hospital is assigned to a student, and that
patient is regarded as his "case." The student conducts a complete examination,
records his observations in a scientific manner, makes a diagnosis, states his
view as to the treatment indicated, and keeps a complete record of the case, all
under the advice and criticism of the physician or surgeon in charge. He is
expected to keep himself informed of the progress of the case throughout its
course. If it is one requiring surgical treatment, he assists at the operation, and
thus is able to follow all the procedures of the operator at close range. In addition,
students make frequent visits to the wards with the attending physicians
and surgeons, during which visits the nature, treatment, and progress of various
cases are gone over in detail. To carry out this method of clinical instruction
the hospital had last year over 3,000 cases. Since the number of students in each
class is relatively small, it is clear that the department offers capable young
men clinical advantages which are distinctly exceptional.
Opportunities are offered in the third and fourth years for more extended
training in certain subjects with a view toward possible specialization after
graduation.
At the meetings of the Medical Section of the Philosophical Society reviews
of important articles and results of original research are presented by the instructors
and by invited guests. These meetings are open to the students.
Regulations.—The records given after the regular examination on a course,
with their explanations, are as follows:
Passed indicates the satisfactory completion of the course and admits to
all dependent subjects.
Conditioned means that to obtain a clear record on the course the student
must pass a special examination. Failure to take or to pass this examination is
equivalent to a record of "failed." The record "conditioned" is not given in
fourth year subjects, except in case of illness or other equivalent cause approved
by the faculty.
A student may be conditioned on any examination because of failure to
maintain a reasonable standard of English composition.
Deficient indicates that part of the work of the course has not been completed.
Upon the satisfactory completion of this work within the time and in
the manner prescribed by the professor in charge, the student receives the
record "passed;" otherwise the record is "failed" on the entire course.
Failed indicates that the course must be repeated; except that when the
laboratory or other practical work has been satisfactorily performed, the professor
in charge may, at his discretion, excuse the student from repeating the
same; and, by special vote of the faculty, the student may be granted optional
attendance upon the course, in whole or in part. In general, a student who is
repeating a course will be required to attend all the exercises of the course, and
will not be excused from any exercise thereof because of schedule conflicts with
more advanced work.
Absence from a regular examination, when excused because of illness or
other equivalent cause, gives a record of conditioned; if not excused, a record
of failed.
To pass a regular or a special examination, a grade of eighty per cent is
required. If the grade is less than eighty per cent but not less than seventy per
cent, the student is entitled to the record conditioned; but the record conditioned
is not given in fourth-year subjects, except under the conditions noted
above.
No student will be admitted to any subject of the second or third year (save
by the consent of the Dean and the professors concerned), if more than one-third
of the work of the preceding year remains unfinished. If at the beginning
of the year his deficiencies have not been made up by the satisfactory completion
of courses at some school approved by the instructors in charge at this
university, he may continue as a student in the Department of Medicine only
by repeating the courses in which he has failed. In the interpretation of this
rule the values of the subjects of the first and second years are estimated in
points as follows:
Anatomy 1, 16 points; Anatomy 2, 5 points; Organic Chemistry, 15 points;
Histology, 14 points; Embryology, 6 points; Physiological Chemistry, 8 points.
Anatomy 3, 16 points; Physiology, 20 points; Bacteriology, 8 points; Pathology,
20 points; Pharmacology, 8 points.
Whenever in the judgment of the faculty a student is receiving too many
records below the grade of passed, the faculty may prescribe special conditions
upon which the student may remain in the Department of Medicine, or may
require his withdrawal therefrom.
Students will not be allowed to undertake the work of the third or fourth
year until they have completed that of the first year, save by special consent of
the Medical Faculty.
A student may not take any course, either in whole or in part (as explained
under the above definition of failed) more than twice. A second record of
failed on the same course involves withdrawal from the Department of
Medicine.
Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, who have less than one
full year's work to complete, may be required to take such additional work and
to pass such additional examinations as the Medical Faculty may prescribe. This
additional work may be selected from any of the courses given in the Department
of Medicine, even when such prescribed courses have previously been taken
and passed by the candidate in question.
Advanced Standing.—Students are admitted to advanced standing in the
second and third years under the following conditions:
1. Satisfaction of the requirements for entrance into this department of
the time of entrance of the class to which the applicant seeks admission.
2. The presentation of a certificate of honorable dismissal from the school
last attended.
3. The presentation of the complete record of the student in the school
previously attended, on blanks to be obtained from the Dean of the Department
of Medicine. This record will be submitted to the action of the Faculty Committee
on Advanced Standing, and the admission of the student, together with
the terms of admission, will be determined by this committee.
Certificates of Attendance.—Students who attend the whole regular
course of one or more of the four years are entitled to certificates of attendance.
Requirements for Graduation.—The degree of Doctor of Medicine is conferred
by the University of Virginia upon candidates who have complied with
the entrance requirements of this department; attended a regular medical
course of four years of at least eight months each, the last two of which must
have been at this institution; and have satisfactorily completed all of the subjects
included in the medical course.
Examinations.—These are in writing, accompanied in many subjects by
individual practical examinations. The regular examinations are held at stated
periods during the session. In addition, examinations are held each year during
the week immediately preceding the beginning of lectures. To the latter are
admitted:
1. Students of the previous session who, from illness or other equivalent
cause approved by the faculty, were unable to present themselves for examination
in any particular subject at the regular time.
2. Students who at the regular examination in any first, second, or third
year subject of the preceding session have attained a grade less than eighty per
cent, but as much as seventy per cent, on one or more subjects, as explained in
a preceding paragraph; or any student who has received the record of conditioned
on a course taken in this university.
3. Certain applicants for advanced standing who are admitted to these
examinations by the Committee on Advanced Standing.
The Fall Examinations for 1918-1919 begin September 9 and close September
14. Students entitled to admission to these examinations will be informed
of the date of examination by the Dean.
Expenses.—The tuition fee for each year is $100.00.
The annual expenses, exclusive of tuition, are $40 for the university fee
(which entitles the student to the use of the library, the gymnasium, to medical
attention, etc.), an average of about $315 for living expenses, and $30 for books.
In the courses of Organic and Physiological Chemistry, a deposit of $10
is required to cover cost of breakage.
Combined Degrees in Arts (or Science) and Medicine.—Students who
have credit for the forty-eight session-hours of the group electives required in
this university for the cultural baccalaureate degrees in arts and science may
substitute for twelve session-hours of electives-at-large the first-year course in
the Department of Medicine and receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts or
Bachelor of Science at the end of the year.
The University also offers a course leading to the vocational degree of
Bachelor of Science in Medicine. This course includes two years of group
electives in academic subjects followed by the first two years of the medical
course. Since the academic group-electives satisfy the entrance requirements of
the Medical Department, students who can spend only two years in college
before entering upon the study of medicine are advised to plan their work so
as to secure this degree.
For further information regarding these degrees, see pages 144-145.
The William A. Herndon Scholarships are founded upon the bequest of
Dr. Cumberland George Herndon, a graduate in medicine of this university.
They are awarded by the Medical Faculty after a competitive examination held
during the summer vacation preceding enrollment as a student in the Medical
Department. Candidates must be unable to defray the expenses of their medical
education and must signify their intention of entering the medical service of the
army or navy of the United States. These scholarships provide for the necessary
expenses of the student during the entire four years of his medical course
and are awarded whenever there is a vacancy. One will be awarded in September,
1918. For information as to the examinations and other requirements,
address the Dean of the Department of Medicine.
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.
In the following description of courses, the number of hours represents the
amount of time each student devotes to the course. In addition to the hours
scheduled in the third and fourth years of the course, each student devotes a
considerable amount of time to practical work which does not appear in the
schedule, but the satisfactory performance of which is essential to graduation.
Thus the taking of histories, the visits to his cases in the hospital, assisting at
operations, attendance upon cases of labor, the employment of microscopical and
chemical methods of diagnosis in the hospital, require much time which it has
not seemed possible to record in a rigid schedule. It should, however, be stated
that each student in the fourth year gives at least two hundred hours to this
required but unscheduled practical work.
The session, exclusive of the time devoted to examination, is divided into a
fall term of twelve weeks, a winter term of ten weeks, and a spring term of ten
weeks.
FIRST YEAR.
Anatomy 1.—Six hours weekly until November 1; twelve hours weekly
from November 1 to the end of the second term. This course begins with
a systematic study of the bones, on the completion of which a part is assigned
to each student for dissection and study. On the completion of this course and
Anatomy 3 each student has dissected a lateral half of the body. The student
obtains his knowledge at first hand and by his own personal efforts. The satisfactory
performance of the laboratory work is essential to a passing grade.
Dr. Bean and Dr. Baker.
Anatomy 2.—Six hours weekly during the third term. This course consists
in a laboratory study of the anatomy of the central nervous system carried
out in considerable detail. The gross anatomy of the spinal cord and brain is
first considered, on the completion of which sections of the more important regions
are studied carefully with the aid of the microscope. Fresh brains and
series of sections of the cord and brain are thoroughly used. Dr. Bean and
Dr. Baker.
Histology.—Three lectures or recitations and eight hours of laboratory
work weekly until November 1; three lectures or recitations and six hours of
laboratory weekly from November 1 to the end of the second term. This course
aims to acquaint the student with the microscopic structure of cells, tissues, and
organs. Cytogenesis and histogenesis are briefly considered in the case of many
tissues studied. The relation of histology to physiology and pathology is constantly
kept in view. The student is also given opportunity to acquaint himself
with the principles and practice of histological technique.
A record of seventy per cent in this course is required for admission to
Physiology, and of eighty per cent for admission to Pathology. Dr. Jordan,
assisted by Mr. Pagenstecher.
Embryology.—Nine hours weekly during the third term. The laboratory
work (six hours weekly) with sections and dissections of mammalian embryos, is
supplemented by lectures, recitations, and the study of models. The course aims
he may the better understand the more abstruse normal conditions of adult
anatomy, as well as many anomalies and variations, neoplasms and malformations.
Dr. Jordan, assisted by Mr. Pagenstecher.
Organic Chemistry.—Lectures and recitations three hours weekly, laboratory
work six and eight hours weekly, respectively, during the first and second
terms. This course includes the systematic study of organic chemistry, with
special reference to substances of importance in their relation to medicine. The
course lays a thorough foundation for subsequent work in Physiological Chemistry,
Pharmacology, etc.
During the second term the laboratory work includes quantitative determinations
of immediate importance in Physiological Chemistry, such as the
estimation of sugar, total nitrogen, uric acid, ammonia, etc.
A record of seventy per cent on this course is required for admission to
Physiological Chemistry. Dr. Venable.
Physiological Chemistry.—Three lectures, three recitations and nine hours
of laboratory work weekly during the third term. The structure, properties
and reactions of the more important compounds which the student meets in his
subsequent medical study. The laboratory work, continuing that of Organic
Chemistry, includes the study of fats, soaps, fatty acids, and proteins; blood,
milk, bile; the digestive enzymes, and extensive qualitative and quantitative
work on urine.
A grade of seventy per cent on this course is required for admission to
Physiology. Dr. Hough, assisted by Mr. Massie, Mr. Wilson and Mr. Hoover.
SECOND YEAR.
Anatomy 3.—Ten hours weekly through the first and second terms. This
course is the continuation of Anatomy 1, and consists of the systematic dissection
and study, by essentially the same methods, of the parts not studied
during the first year. In addition, a course is given in topographic anatomy,
with the aid of cross sections of the human body. At the end of this course a
practical examination is given, covering the work of Anatomy 1, 2 and 3.
Dr. Bean and Dr. Baker.
Physiology.—Four hours work weekly of lectures, recitations and demonstrations
throughout the year. Six hours weekly of laboratory work in the
first and second terms. The physiology of muscle and nerve; blood and
lymph; the circulation; respiration; secretion; digestion and nutrition, and
the central nervous system. The work of the laboratory closely follows the
lectures as an integral part of the study of each subject.
Open only to students who have obtained a grade of seventy per cent in
Histology and in Physiological Chemistry. The satisfactory completion of the
laboratory work of this course is necessary for admission to Pharmacology.
Dr. Hough, assisted by Mr. Setzler and Mr. Strange.
Bacteriology and Pathology.—Twelve hours weekly throughout the session
and two additional hours a week in the third term. The work in pathology is
open only to students who have obtained a record of passed in Histology.
Bacteriology and pathology are taught in a combined course. Emphasis is
laid upon the medical and public health aspects of bacteriology. Practical studies
in infection and immunity form part of the course. Autopsies and the study of
gross and microscopic specimens supply the practical work accompanying the
systematic study of pathology.
Opportunity is given selected students for advanced work. Dr. Marshall,
assisted by Mr. McCutchan and Mr. Carter. The technician in Pathology is
Miss Lila Thornton.
Pharmacology.—Five hours of lectures, recitations and demonstrations and
six hours of laboratory work during the third term. In this course a study
is made of the chemical characteristics and physiological action of representative
drugs from the different pharmacological groups. An average grade of
seventy per cent on the first two terms of Physiology together with the satisfactory
completion of the laboratory work of Physiology is required for admission
to the course. Dr. Waddell, assisted by Mr. Strange.
Journals.—In connection with the work in Physiology, Pathology and
Pharmacology, the second-year students meet with their instructors for one
hour each week from the first of December to the end of the session for reports
and discussion of the current literature of the above sciences. Three reports
are made at each meeting by the students.
Physical Diagnosis.—Four hours weekly during the third term. Instruction
is given in the principles and methods of physical examination. Attention
is especially given to study of the normal subject. Dr. Flippin and Dr.
Magruder.
THIRD YEAR.
Materia Medica.—Three hours of lectures and recitations and three hours
of laboratory work weekly during the first half of the third year. The more
important drugs and preparations of the Pharmacopœia, together with newer
non-official remedies which bid fair to attain or have attained considerable use,
form the subject of study. In the laboratory the student becomes familiar
with the peculiarities and methods of preparation of the different preparations
of the Pharmacopœia, as well as with the solubilities and other characteristics
of the more important drugs. Especial attention is paid to chemical and pharmaceutical
incompatibility. Prescription writing is dealt with by lecture and
frequent practical exercises. Dr. Waddell, assisted by Mr. Strange.
Toxicology.—Three hours of lectures and recitations and three hours of
laboratory work weekly during the last half of the second term.
This course is, to a considerable extent, a review of the pharmacological
actions of poisons and their antagonists. The treatment of poisoning is dealt
with in detail. Some attention is given to the methods of separation and
identification. Dr. Waddell, assisted by Mr. Strange.
Clinical Diagnosis.—Six hours weekly during the first and second terms.
In this course the student is made familiar with those laboratory methods
which are helpful in the diagnosis of disease. These include, among others,
the examination of blood, urine, sputum, gastric contents, feces, spinal fluid,
Laboratory in the north pavilion of the hospital, which is well equipped with
the most modern instruments and apparatus. Dr. Bray.
Theory and Practice of Medicine.—Three hours weekly of lectures and
recitations throughout the session; nine hours weekly in the clinics for one-half
the session. A systematic course of lectures, supplemented by work in the
out-patient department and hospital. The class is divided into two sections,
each of which devotes itself for half the year to the medical service in the
out-patient department, and also twice a week receives instruction on selected
cases in the wards of the hospital. There is a general medical clinic once a
week in the hospital amphitheater. Dr. Davis, Dr. Flippin, Dr. Daniel,
Dr. Nelson and Dr. Smith.
Surgery and Gynecology.—Five hours weekly of lectures and recitations,
and two hours weekly of surgical clinic throughout the session; with six hours
weekly in the out-patient department, two hours weekly in ward rounds in the
hospital, and one hour weekly in X-ray diagnosis for one-fourth the session.
The study of surgery begins in the third year and continues through the
fourth year. In the third year the classroom work consists of lectures and
recitations, as arranged in the schedule, in which the principles and practice of
surgery, surgical diseases, surgical diagnosis, etc., are thoroughly discussed.
This also includes the surgical specialties, orthopedics, genito-urinary surgery,
etc.
The out-patient department course in the third year gives opportunities for
diagnosis and treatment of clinical cases under close personal supervision.
Experience in dressings, bandaging, anesthesia and minor surgery is afforded.
Surgical appliances and technique are demonstrated to the students, divided into
small groups.
The work in gynecology follows closely the outlines already described for
surgery. The general principles of gynecology are taken up in lectures and
recitations. In addition, the out-patient department affords practice in palpation,
diagnosis and treatment. Dr. Watts, Dr. Goodwin, Dr. Neff, Dr. Woodberry
and Dr. Wright.
Obstetrics.—Five hours weekly of lectures, recitations and manikin demonstrations
during the year, supplemented by work with patients in the wards
of the hospital.
The class is divided into sections of five for manikin instruction and for
examination of patients in the hospital. The manikin course forms an important
part of the work, not only for teaching presentation, position and posture,
but also the mechanism of normal and abnormal labor and the application of
forceps. When the section is taken into the wards of the hospital, the methods
of examination, particularly abdominal palpation, are practiced on the living
subject. Dr. Macon.
FOURTH YEAR.
Theory and Practice of Medicine.—The same plan is followed in the
clinical work as that already described for the third year, each of the two
sections of the class devoting itself for half the year to the medical service in
examinations made, and management indicated by the students of each division.
These records are considered in the final grading of the student.
The subjects treated with the approximate division of time between them
are as follows:
Nervous Diseases and Insanity.—Three lectures and recitations weekly,
supplemented by clinical work during the first term. In this course is given
also instruction in electro-therapeutics. Dr. Davis.
Pediatrics.—Three lectures and recitations weekly, supplemented by clinical
work during the second term. This course of lectures is intended to point
out in a brief way how disease is modified by childhood and to indicate how
the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment due to early age may best be encountered.
The principles of infant feeding are emphasized and the student is taught
how to prepare the food. Dr. Davis and Dr. Rea.
Dermatology.—A brief course of lectures is given on this subject, embodying
a consideration of the commoner diseases met with in medical practice.
Case Teaching, Medical Ethics and Economics, and Insurance Exam-
inations.—Two hours weekly during the third term. Dr. Davis.
Therapeutics.—The treatment of internal diseases is discussed in a systematic
course of lectures and practically demonstrated in the wards of the
hospital. Especial attention is given to the bedside teaching of this subject,
the student being required to follow closely and make a record of the results
of the therapeutic agents employed in cases assigned to him. Dr. Flippin.
Surgery and Gynecology.—Two hours weekly of surgical clinic throughout
the session; three hours weekly of ward classes, supplemented by clinical
work in the wards and operating room for one-half the session with each of the
two sections of the class.
Instruction in surgery is carried on by clinics and bedside demonstrations
in the hospital. In the wards the students are assigned cases, whose histories
they must take. They must also make complete physical and clinical examinations,
urine analyses, blood examinations, etc. In the ward rounds the diagnosis,
operative and other treatment, post-operative care of the cases, complications,
prognosis, etc., are discussed in detail. A large variety of cases is available,
and the close contact of the students with their cases and with the routine of
hospital management offers many of the opportunities that an internship affords.
In the operating rooms the students, in small groups, take part in the
operations, thus acquiring familiarity with technique, anesthetization, etc. Those
of the class who are not assisting witness the operations, whose important
features are demonstrated to them.
In gynecology the students have the same general work as in surgery,
consisting of the examination and the recording of the cases in the public
wards, attendance on ward rounds, at which the cases are discussed, and observation
and assistance in the operating rooms. Dr. Watts, Dr. Goodwin, Dr.
Neff, Dr. Woodberry and Dr. Wright.
In addition to the above course, required of all students, the following
elective course is offered in the Department of Surgery:
Surgical Pathology.—An optional course. Two hours weekly during one-half
the session.
This course is intended to supplement the general courses in pathology
and surgery and consists of lectures upon the pathology of surgical lesions,
demonstrations of fresh tissues obtained from the operating rooms, and examination
of microscopic sections.
The student reviews pathological technique and frozen section work is
emphasized. Dr. Goodwin, assisted by Mr. Hawthorne.
Clinical Pathological Conferences.—One hour weekly is assigned for
the study of pathologic material in connection with the clinical aspects of cases
coming to autopsy. A history of the case is presented by the student in charge,
the autopsy is reviewed, the tissue and microscopic sections are examined, and
all the information thus derived is collated and contrasted. Dr. Marshall.
Obstetrics.—The student attends, under the guidance of an instructor, the
labor cases in the hospital, and is required to prepare the history of patients and
to follow up the cases through the puerperium. Instruction is also given in the
care of the new-born. In addition the student has the opportunity of attending
patients in the out-patient department, and each student is expected to attend
at least six cases of labor. Dr. Macon.
Forensic Medicine.—One lecture weekly during one term of the fourth
year. Dr. Waddell.
Diseases of the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat.—Two lectures weekly during
the first two terms, supplemented by regular two- to three-hour clinics twice
weekly throughout the session and clinical lectures to sections of the class as
suitable cases occur.
The class is divided into small sections and each student is taught the
methods of examination and the use of the ophthalmoscope, head-mirror, and
of the laryngeal and post-nasal mirrors. In the clinics each patient is assigned
to a student, who must take the history and keep the record of that patient; the
case is then demonstrated by the professor in charge, and, if possible, each
student makes his own examination under the personal supervision of the
attending physician. Clinical cases are abundant, and during the year the
student sees and handles practically all the common diseases of the eye, ear and
upper respiratory tract. Dr. Hedges and Dr. Compton.
Hygiene.—One hour weekly throughout the session, and thirteen additional
hours in the second term.
The course begins with a historical sketch of the developments of preventive
medicine, including short biographical sketches of the pioneers of
hygiene. With this introduction the story of the natural history of contagious
and infectious diseases, modes of propagation and methods of prevention
engage the attention of the student. With this preparation, the chemical and
bacteriological contamination of food, water, air and soil is made an important
study. Instruction is also begun in the proper location and construction of
habitations, hospitals, schoolhouses, etc., with special reference to the modern
methods of heating, ventilating and draining. Notice is taken of the special
relations involved in military and naval hygiene. Dr. Lambeth.
FACILITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH.
The Department of Medicine not only fosters in its methods of instruction
the inductive study by the student himself of the phenomena presented by the
human body in health and disease, but also encourages the spirit of investigation
of unsolved problems of medical science and practice on the part of the instructors
and students. During the past few years there have appeared annually
a number of papers from its laboratories embodying the results of such investigations,
and it is the policy of the department to enlarge this feature of its
work in the future. Students are encouraged to engage in research as they
are prepared for it, usually assisting an instructor in some special study or else
conducting the research under his guidance and advice. For this purpose the
scientific and clinical laboratories offer the necessary facilities, and heads of
departments will always be glad to suggest and outline problems for investigation
by any medical student or by others possessing the necessary training
therefor.
THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOSPITAL.
Hospital Board: Drs. Hough, Davis, Watts, Hedges, Macon, Marshall,
Compton, Flippin, Goodwin, Bray, Neff.
Visiting Staff: The members of the Hospital Board and the Clinical Instructors
in the Out-Patient Department.
[2]
George R. Parker, M.D.,
Superintendent of the Hospital.
Hunter Samuel Woodberry, B.A., M.D.,
House Surgeon.
Dudley Crofford Smith, B.S., M.D.,
House Physician.
Joseph Lee Wright, M.D.,
Assistant House Surgeon and Roentgenologist.
William Canova Peterson, Jr., B.S., M.D.,
Interne.
Kalford Wall Howard, B.S., M.D.,
Interne.
Chester Allen Amos, M.D.,
Interne.
Margaret Cowling,
Superintendent of Nurses.
Isabel Craig Anderson,
Assistant Superintendent.
Clarissa Canfield,
Night Superintendent.
Tabitha S. Grier,
In Charge of Operating Room.
Mrs. G. G. Montague,
Dietitian.
Harry Taylor Marshall, B.A., M.D.,
Pathologist.
Brice Sewell Vallett,
Pharmacist.
The hospital is the property of the University and is under the exclusive
control of its Medical Faculty. It was designed and is administered as a teaching
hospital, being so arranged that free use can be made of its clinical material
without in any way disturbing or violating the privacy of other patients.
The buildings are arranged upon the pavilion system, consisting of a central
structure, four stories in height, to which have been added up to the present
time three additional units of three stories each. The central building is largely
devoted to administrative purposes and general service departments, but also
contains an amphitheater and suite of private operating rooms, sterilizing and
anesthetizing rooms. The three pavilions are connected with the main building
by corridors on each floor. In these are located the wards and suites of rooms
for private patients. As at present constituted, the hospital has a capacity
of about 200 beds; of these, upwards of 160 are available and used for clinical
teaching.
The recently completed north pavilion contains, in addition to quarters for
ward and private patients, on the first floor, a specially designed series of laboratory
rooms, which have been equipped with new and modern furnishings and
apparatus throughout. The basement floor is devoted in large part to the Out-Patient
Department of the Hospital. Here separate waiting rooms for white
and colored patients are provided, examining rooms for medical cases, operating
rooms for minor surgery, specially equipped rooms for genito-urinary and
orthopedic surgery and for the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and
throat. On the same floor is the Roentgen Ray Department of the hospital.
Attention is particularly called to the fact that the hospital, with its associated
Out-Patient Department, constitutes a most valuable adjunct to the
teaching facilities of the Department of Medicine. The size of the clinic per
mits the presentation of a wide variety of cases, and the organization of the
hospital as an integral part of the Medical Department affords exceptional
facilities for thorough study of the individual case.
The location of the University Hospital is a most favorable one, being
situated at the intersection of two great railway trunk lines near the geographical
center of the State. A large population outside of the city of Charlottesville
is available as a source of clinical material, both in the wards and the Out-Patient
Department. The hospital is thus enabled to serve a large area of the
State, and the transportation facilities are such that this service includes a
progressively increasing number of emergency cases and cases of acute illness.
THE OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT.
CLINICAL INSTRUCTORS.
Dr. Flippin, Chief of Staff.
Dr. Daniel.
Dr. Hedges.
Dr. Goodwin.
Dr. Compton.
Dr. Nelson.
Dr. Rea.
Dr. Neff.
Dr. Woodberry.
Dr. Wright.
Commodious and well-equipped quarters for the treatment of ambulant
cases are provided in the north pavilion of the hospital, and the service is conducted
under the direct personal supervision of members of the teaching staff
of the Medical Department. Clinics are held three times a week for general
medical, surgical and genito-urinary diseases, which are attended by students
of the third year; and twice weekly for the diseases of the eye, ear, nose and
throat, attended by students of the fourth year.
The character of the equipment of this department and its location in the
hospital make possible the use of most advanced methods in the diagnosis and
treatment of cases, and the systematic and thorough examination of each case
is thus emphasized at the very outset of the student's clinical experience.
An out-patient obstetrical service, and provision for attendance in the home
of certain cases of illness by the student, under the supervision of an instructor,
are a part of the organization of this department.
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOSPITAL TRAINING SCHOOL
FOR NURSES.
A training school for nurses is conducted in connection with the hospital,
Full information regarding requirements for admission, and the course of
instruction may be obtained by addressing the superintendent of nurses.
| The University of Virginia record February 1, 1918 | |