 | The University of Virginia record April, 1909 |  |
BIOLOGY.
Professor Tuttle.
Professor Kepner.
General Statement.—The summer work in Biology at present
offered makes provision for the study of each of the great divisions
of the organic world: separate courses being offered in Botany and
in Zoology. The object in either case is, first of all, to familiarize
the student with the methods involved in the systematic study of the
organization of plants or of animals; and to give such opportunity for
individual work by such methods on the part of each student, under
the guidance of the teacher, as will enable him or her to carry on similar
work elsewhere independently with confidence and accuracy. A
second object of equal importance is to give the student a clear
conception of the vegetable or the animal kingdom (as the case
may be) as a whole, in such manner as to impart a clear idea of the
relations and significance of any particular group that may be at any
time the subject of special interest.
These ends are sought in each case by the presentation in the
laboratory of a series of representative forms, each of which is in
turn made the subject of careful study as to its organization, activities,
and life-history: and by accompanying lectures, in which the results
of the work in the laboratory are explained and supplemented, and the
relations of the organism in question to the other forms studied and
discussed. While the lecture and laboratory courses may be taken
separately, they will in each case be most profitably taken together,
and the examinations at the close of the session in either Botany or
Zoology will cover both the lectures and the laboratory work in the
subject in question.
The Biological Laboratory is admirably equipped with simple
and compound microscopes, microtomes and other appliances for cutting,
staining, and mounting sections for microscopic study, etc.; and
while the prime object of the course given will be to teach students to
make correct inferences therefrom, care will be taken to make them
familiar in large measure with the principles of microscopical and
other biological technic.
A. BOTANY:—In order to afford to teachers and others an opportunity
to become familiar with the forms of plant life least generally
understood, or most likely to offer discouraging difficulties to the
beginner who undertakes them independently and unaided, the work
of the Summer Session of 1909 will be devoted to the study of the
Seedless (or "flowerless") Plants. This will be followed in 1910 by
the study of the more familiar Seed (or "flowering") Plants, thus
completing the survey of the Vegetable Kingdom in two sessions: the
teacher, however, who completes faithfully and intelligently the work of
this session, and becomes familiar with the methods of study and the technic
involved, will find little real difficulty in applying these methods
to the independent study of the organization of the higher plants.
Two courses in Botany are offered, as follows:
1. Structural Botany: Use of the microscope; simpler microscopical
technic. Practical study of: Fern-like plants—a fern, an equisetum,
a clubmoss; Moss-like plants—a liverwort, a true moss; Plant-cells—structure,
growth, modification, the methods of cell-division;
Algae—a representative brown alga, a red alga, green algae, especially
the more abundant fresh water forms; Fungi—a mushroom, a cupfungus,
the more important parasitic fungi, moulds and mildews, yeast;
Lichens; Fission plants: the fission algae, the bacteria.
Daily, from 9:30 to 11:30. Professor Tuttle. Cabell Hall, Room 12.
2. Systematic Botany: A synoptical course of lectures upon the
vegetable kingdom, parallel with the laboratory course above outlined,
and dealing largely with the lower plants not usually fully discussed
in the text-books and the other literature commonly accessible.
Daily, from 8:30 to 9:30. Professor Tuttle. Cabell Hall, Room 12.
B. ZOOLOGY:—For reasons analogous to those above stated in
connection with the study of Plants, the work of the Summer School
here offered for the study of the Animal Kingdom will be similarly divided
into two portions: the work of the Summer Session of 1909 will
be devoted to the study of the Invertebrates; that of the session of
1910 to the Vertebrates.
Two courses in Zoology are offered, as follows:
3. Structural Zoology: Use of the microscope; simple microscopical
technic. Practical study of: Protozoa—amoeba, paramecium;
Coelenterates,—hydra and others; Flatworms: Threadworms, animal parasitism;
Annelids—earth-worms, nereis; Mollusks—mussel or clam;
Echinoderms—starfish, sea urchin; Crustacea—"water fleas." shrimps,
crayfish, crabs; Insects—grasshopper, beetle, bee; Fundamental Tissues
of animals—the animal cell, cell-division, maturation of the ovum,
segmentation and development.
Daily, from 3:30 to 5:30. Professor Kepner. Cabell Hall, Room 12.
4. Systematic Zoology.—A synoptical course of lectures upon the
animal kingdom, chiefly upon the invertebrates, parallel with laboratory
course above outlined.
Daily, from 2:30 to 3:30. Professor Kepner. Cabell Hall, Room 12.
Credits.—A student who passes the examination on the two
courses in Botany will, on complying with the requirements for admission
to the University, be entitled to credit for an equivalent portion
Subject to the same conditions, a student who passes the examination
on the two courses in Zoology will be entitled to credit for a corresponding
portion of Course 1B in Zoology. The successful completion
of the courses in both subjects will satisfy the requirements in Biology
for admission to the Department of Medicine.
| The University of Virginia record April, 1909 | |