The North and the South : a statistical view of the condition of the free and slave states |
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X. | CHAPTER X. |
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XIII. |
CHAPTER X. The North and the South : | ||
CHAPTER X.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The following tables, Nos. LV., LVI., and LVII., will
show the amounts actually credited for the transportation of
the mails in the several States, and the amount of postages collected
in the same, for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1850,
and June 30, 1855.
Few tables can be more suggestive, or more amply repay a
careful investigation, than these.
At the present day, the energy and business character of a
people, their roads, railroads, steamboats, and other means of
transportation, are all given, in a word, in their Post-Office
reports.
SLAVE STATES. |
Total Postage Collected. |
Transportation. | FREE STATES |
Total Postage Collected. |
Transportation. |
Alabama | $75,937 75 | $143,798 70 | California | $227,152 82 | $111,515 87 |
Arkansas | 17,215 53 | 61,244 90 | Connecticut | 119,971 81 | 62,176 13 |
Delaware | 12,521 38 | 6,489 87 | Illinois | 115,184 53 | 156,685 71 |
Florida | 13,793 24 | 31,701 55 | Indiana | 83,638 03 | 76,225 82 |
Georgia | 101,749 42 | 146,772 94 | Iowa | 26,568 86 | 24,850 05 |
Kentucky | 86,472 49 | 87,121 70 | Maine | 89,761 92 | 46,690 25 |
Louisiana | 116,936 06 | 68,464 61 | Massachusetts | 358,120 72 | 132,164 84 |
Maryland | 121,864 61 | 143,150 97 | Michigan | 62,387 69 | 39,634 58 |
Mississippi | 55,536 01 | 84,256 58 | N. Hampshire. | 59,902 20 | 27,662 00 |
Missouri | 83,787 95 | 101,313 23 | New Jersey | 66,156 20 | 42,813 37 |
N. Carolina | 46,647 07 | 154,977 40 | New York | 933,977 13 | 324,970 14 |
S. Carolina | 76,108 62 | 108,488 80 | Ohio | 286,311 24 | 138,836 32 |
Tennessee | 64,185 86 | 74,142 59 | Pennsylvania. | 396,699 91 | 146,105 64 |
Texas | 28,474 12 | 114,744 83 | Rhode Island. | 39,328 34 | 12,088,20 |
Virginia | 141,579 13 | 169,687 83 | Vermont | 58,965 44 | 50,643 93 |
Wisconsin | 60,725 35 | 34,759 77 | |||
Total | $1,042,809 24 | $1,496,356 50 | Total | $2,975,852 19 | $1,427,822 63 |
SLAVE STATES. | Letter Postage. |
Newspaper Postage. |
Stamps Sold. |
Total Postage Collected. |
Transportation. |
Alabama | $46,416 | $13,583 | $44,514 | $104,514 | $226,816 |
Arkansas | 16,894 | 4,828 | 8,941 | 30,664 | 117,659 |
Delaware | 9,967 | 2,377 | 7,298 | 19,644 | 9,243 |
Florida | 8,167 | 2,343 | 8,764 | 19,275 | 77,553 |
Georgia | 59,117 | 16,066 | 73,880 | 149,063 | 216,003 |
Kentucky | 59,307 | 15,065 | 55,694 | 130,067 | 144,161 |
Louisiana | 69,140 | 13,833 | 50,778 | 133,753 | 133,810 |
Maryland | 82,029 | 31,712 | 77,743 | 191,485 | 192,743 |
Mississippi | 36,092 | 11,464 | 31,182 | 78,739 | 170,785 |
Missouri | 71,372 | 14,537 | 53,742 | 139,652 | 185,096 |
North Carolina | 26,831 | 11,692 | 34,235 | 72,759 | 148,249 |
South Carolina | 36,156 | 8,075 | 47,368 | 91,600 | 192,216 |
Tennessee | 42,070 | 13,238 | 48,377 | 103,686 | 116,091 |
Texas | 37,373 | 8,532 | 24,530 | 70,436 | 209,936 |
Virginia | 92,562 | 28,499 | 96,799 | 217,861 | 245,592 |
Total | $693,493 | $195,844 | $66,845 | $1,553,198 | $2,385,953 |
FREE STATES. | Letter Postage. |
Newspaper Postage |
Stamps Sold. |
Total Postage Collected. |
Transportation. |
California | $141,833 | $11,319 | $81,437 | $234,591 | $135,386 |
Connecticut | 75,691 | 24,254 | 79,284 | 179,230 | 81,462 |
Illinois | 142,177 | 32,457 | 105,252 | 279,887 | 280,038 |
Indiana | 95,248 | 24,578 | 60,578 | 180,405 | 190,480 |
Iowa | 44,540 | 9,680 | 28,198 | 82,420 | 84,428 |
Maine | 75,779 | 15,413 | 60,165 | 151,358 | 82,218 |
Massachusetts | 239,894 | 33,226 | 259,062 | 532,184 | 153,091 |
Michigan | 77,223 | 15,201 | 49,763 | 142,188 | 148,204 |
New Hampshire | 46,225 | 10,995 | 38,387 | 95,609 | 46,631 |
New Jersey | 66,645 | 11,556 | 31,495 | 109,697 | 80,084 |
New York | 734,453 | 106,206 | 542,498 | 1,383,157 | 481,410 |
Ohio | 237,457 | 47,227 | 167,958 | 452,643 | 421,870 |
Pennsylvania | 301,646 | 64,073 | 217,293 | 583,013 | 251,833 |
Rhode Island | 23,812 | 4,520 | 30,291 | 58,624 | 13,891 |
Vermont | 44,465 | 12,036 | 36,314 | 92,816 | 64,437 |
Wisconsin | 65,406 | 13,959 | 33,538 | 112,903 | 92,842 |
Total | $2,412,494 | $436,700 | $1,719,513 | $4,670,725 | $2,608,295 |
A few of the facts which stand forth prominent in these Tables,
are the following:
In 1850, only two slave States, Delaware and Louisiana,
paid for the transportation of their mails by the amount of
postages collected.
Of the free states, Illinois alone did not.
In the slave States, the postages for that year less than paid
for the transportation, by nearly half a million of dollars. In
the free States, the postages more than paid for the transportation,
by over a million and a half of dollars.
In 1855, this difference is very greatly increased.
The postages of the slave States less than paid the cost of
transportation by over $800,000, while the free State postages
more than paid the transportation, by over $2,000,000.
In the slave territory, the only State which paid for transportation
of its mails, by its postages, was Delaware. In the
free States, the only States which did not, were Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, and Michigan.
Neither North Carolina, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama,
or Texas, paid half the expense of transporting their
mails, by postages received; while Florida paid less than a
fourth, and Arkansas less than a fifth.
Massachusetts paid for her own transportation, and had a
surplus remaining of more than four times the amount of postage
collected in South Carolina.
New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania, each paid
for their transportation, by their postages, more than twice
over, and Rhode Island more than four fold.
The postages of New York are not an eighth less than those
of all the slave States, while the expense of transportation is
but little more than one-fifth the expense in those States.
The fifteen slave States did not pay, by postages, two-thirds
the expense of transporting their mails.
The free States paid for theirs, and had a surplus of over
in the slave States.
In other words, the free States, in this matter, support themselves,
pay the deficit in the slave States and have over
$1,200,000 besides.
CHAPTER X. The North and the South : | ||