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University of Virginia Library

Concise Dictionary of Religion

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IAMBLICUS (250-330):

IBN al-'ARABI (1165-1240):

IBN AZM (993-1064):

IBN ISHQ (704-768):

IBN MJA, Muhammad (824-886):

IBN MAS'D (died 652/3):

IBN TMART, Muhammad (died 1130):

ICONOCLASTIC CONTROVERSY:

IGNATIUS (356-107):

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION:

INCARNATION OF CHRIST:

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION:

INGE, William Ralph, "Dean" (1860-1954):

INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE:

IQBAL, Muhammad (1873-1938):

IRANIAN RELIGION:

IRENAEUS (130-200):

IRVING, Edward (1792-1834):

ISAIAH (8th century):

ISHO'DAD OF MERV (9th century):

ISIDORE (560-636):

ISRAEL ben Eliezer Ba'al Shem Tov (1700-1760):

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ISRAEL ben Eliezer Ba'al Shem Tov (1700-1760):

founder of HASIDISM in Eastern Europe. In the mid-1730s he revealed himself as a HEALER and LEADER of a movement which grew rapidly. Folk-tales about his life and teachings show his personal charm, and magnetism, and ecstatic personality. He advocated DEVOTIONAL JOY and contributed greatly to the revitalization of JUDAISM.