 |
APPENDIX
Studies in bibliography |  |
APPENDIX
Note A. Up to the last third of column b, I3 is dominated
by 'Beat.', which is also
the prevailing form of Q.
B's initial 'Bea.' (32L) possibly reflects the pressures of
justification, and the next two (62L, 75L) probably do so. However, toward
the
bottom of the second column, B substituted two 'Bea.' forms for Q's 'Beat.', both
in short
lines (87, 89). From there on this was his preferred form, which he set
three more times, once in I5b and twice in K4.
In these two pages, however, he departed from his preference twice, once to
set 'Beat.' (in I5b) and once 'Beatr.' (in K4); each of these forms (553L, 1779) rep-
resents the
first type B set on the page, and each betrays the influence of Q's form
('Beat.', 'Beatrice.'). In the first instance, not only
copy but a break in B's work on
the play may have induced his temporary
reversion to Q's 'Beat.'. Between the
time he
composed I3 and resumed Ado with I5b, he had set four pages
of The
Comedy of Errors (I1v,
I2, I1, I2v), and at least one and one-half days had passed
while three formes of I—set by B, C, and D—went through the
press. This in-
terruption apparently combined with the influence of Q's
'Beat.' to prompt B to
reproduce that form upon
resuming work on Ado. But when he next set the name
a
few lines later (559L), the preference he had finally developed while composing
I3 reasserted itself. When he proceeded directly to set up K4, it was Q's
full form
'Beatrice.' that presumably occasioned B's
only 'Beatr.', which was followed by two
substitutions of 'Bea.' for copy's 'Beat.'.
Note B. At the end of sig. d6, B set 'Pointz.' where Q5 (wrongly) had 'Poines.'
(214L) and then repeated that substitution in the catch-word five lines later.
What
caused B to adopt this unusual form at first blush is not altogether
clear, but the
change probably had something to do with the presumably
editorial excision of
Q5's 'Enter Poines' a line
before his misassigned speech and the correlated ad-
dition of 'and Pointz' to the opening stage-direction of the scene
(I.ii) earlier on
the page (114). Of course the Folio, misled by Q5,
mistakes the action here. The
speech assigned to Poins actually continues
from Falstaff's previous statement af-
ter he and Hal have seen Poins enter;
F compounds the problem by having Poins
on stage from the beginning of I.ii.
The speech-prefix, the deleted stage-direc-
tion, and the expanded
stage-direction are thus all of a piece of misapprehension
and annotation,
presumably editorial.
On his next page, d6v, B tried to fix on a standard form,
but the variability
of Q5's prefixes thwarted his attempt. He began by
reproducing Q5's 'Poines.'
(the same speech-prefix
that he had altered to 'Pointz.' for the catch-word of d6).
Q5's next speech-prefix for the character took the same form, which B
reduced
to 'Poin.'. This proved to be the form he
eventually settled on, but when Q5
shifted to 'Poy.'
in the next two instances B followed suit (230L, 241), and when
Q5 then
printed 'Poin.' (252L) B set 'Poyn.', apparently in the recognition that he
was dealing with a
single character and in an attempt to reconcile Q5's various
forms. B's copy
then returned to 'Poy.', which B retained, and then Q5
printed
the innovative 'Po.' three times in
succession, which B first set as 'Poy.', then as
'Poyn.', and finally as 'Poin.' in a
reversion to his originally preferred form. Yet
Q5's return to 'Poy.' for the character's next speech led B to set 'Poyn.' in the last
instance of the speech-prefix on
this page.
Note C. The speech-prefixes for the Chief Justice are
unusually complex because
they can be properly understood only as the result
of two independent series of
actions by editor and compositor, often tending
in opposite directions. Whoever
prepared B's copy, whether scribe or
annotator, had the advantage of being able
to follow the dramatic sequence
and would have been aware that the character
identified as 'Lord.' (or occasionally 'Lo.') in
II.i of Q was the same as that called
'Lord chiefe
Iustice' on his initial entrance in I.ii (328SD) and tagged throughout
that scene as 'Iust.' or 'Iustice'.
In contrast, B first encountered this character in setting column a of g3v,
which contains the end of II.i and the beginning of
II.ii. The speeches there were
the last of a long series in this part of the
play, many of which B was eventually to
prefix with 'Iust.', but only as he worked back through the scenes. About ten lines
into sig. g3v, B thus would have come upon annotated
speech-prefixes which he
set first as 'Ch.Iust.',
then as 'Ch.Iu.', and then again as 'Ch.Iust.' for the rest of the
scene. Working back through his copy,
he turned to setting g3, which begins with
the last few lines of I.iii and
then the opening of II.i. Here, towards the bottom
of the first column, B
came upon this character again. Although Q has the stage-
direction 'Enter Lord chiefe iustice and his men.' properly centered in
a separate line,
B crammed the laconic 'Enter
Ch.Iustice.' into a single line alongside half a line
of dialogue,
in the manner usually reserved for exits, and then set 'Iust.' before
his first speech in the next line, which nearly fills
the measure (665, 666NL). Yet
in spite of his efforts to compress matter
elsewhere in the lines containing these
speech-prefixes, he then reverted to
the earlier 'Ch.Iust.', setting it twice (669L,
683L), presumably in response to the annotator's marks for replacing Q's 'Lord'.
He made one more effort to shorten this speech-prefix, setting 'Iust.' three times
in sequence, first where Q briefly
varied to the shorter 'Lo.' (710L, 717L) and then
once where it resumed its full 'Lord' (726L), before he
reverted to a final 'Ch.Iust.'
near the bottom of g3
(730).
Turning further back in his copy to set sig. g2, containing the middle of I.ii,
B at last used speech-prefixes for this character that he favored both by
general
habit and in this particular situation requiring compression. The
form 'Iust.',
which up to this point he had tried
unsuccessfully to impose, dominates these
pages of Q, and B set it
repeatedly and almost uniformly, justifying one line with
'Iu.' (418L). Finally, when finishing sig. g1v,
containing the beginning of this scene,
B used the same form, which was
again found in Q, with one important excep-
tion: he set the long 'Ch.Iust.' where Q has the unusually complete 'Iustice' (332).
This is the first speech-prefix for
the character in the play, but B—in contrast
apparently to Q's
compositor, who was setting seriatim (Williams, p.
174)—would
have had no uncertainty about the speaker's identity in
this first instance on the
page. The full name in the preceding, slightly
annotated stage-direction may
have exerted some influence here, but (as
already shown) stage-directions were
rarely sufficient, in the absence of
some other inducement, to make B depart from
his preference for shorter
forms.
This character of course reappears frequently at the end of the play, in B's ex-
panded pages, which contain 'Ch.Iust.' throughout,
beginning on χgg5v, through
all of χgg6, and less frequently in χgg7 and χgg7v (equivalent to a final page).
the dramatic sequence, either an annotator or a scribe would have had the op-
portunity to bring these later tags into conformity with the earlier. Whether or
not these forms mirror those in B's copy, they certainly were compatible with his
policy of expansion in these pages, and by the time he reached χgg7 and χgg7v,
the form was so well established as to override all other alternatives.
In sum, the annotated forms of Q would have led B to use longer forms than
he would ordinarily have done, even when he was otherwise compressing mat-
ter. But when setting from that portion of Q containing speech-prefixes for this
character that would not have required annotation, he followed his usual
prac-
tices, right down to setting a longer form where Q had one of its rare
complete
forms. In a scribal manuscript these variations in B's copy would,
presumably,
not have been at play.
Note D. Tabulated below are Compositor B's speech-prefixes
in the seven Folio
plays set from known quarto copy. The forms set by B
appear in the first column,
those of the respective quartos in the second.
All speech-prefixes for a given
character are listed together. The list
follows the order in which B encountered
the characters when setting the
plays and then, within the listing for a character,
the order in which the
various combinations of quarto-Folio forms first occurred
as he worked. Not
included in the table are B's speech-headings (that is, the full
name
centered above the first column of an opening page of a play or a scene).
The symbols NL, L, and CW identify, respectively, forms in nearly long lines, long
(full-measure) lines, and in catchwords.
| Folio | Quarto | Total |
| Mess. | Mess. | 6 8L |
| Mess. | Messen. | 1L |
| Leon. | Leona. | 2L |
| Leo. | Leo. | 1 2L |
| Leon. | Leonato. | 2 1L |
| Leon. | Leo. | 2L |
| Leo. | Leon. | 1 |
| Leon. | Leon. | 3L |
| Leo. | Leonato. | 1 1NL |
| Bea. | Beatr. | 1L |
| Beat. | Bea. | 1L |
| Beat. | Beat. | 1 6L |
| Bea. | Beat. | 4 3L |
| Beatr. | Beatrice | 1 |
| Hero. | Hero | 2L |
| Pedro. | Pedro | 2L |
| Ben. | Bene. | 4 1L |
| Ben. | Benedicke | 1 2L |
| Ben. | Bened. | 1L |
| Ben. | Ben. | 1L |
| Bene. | Bene. | 1 |
| John. | John | 2 1NL 2L |
| Borachio. | Borachio | 1L |
| Bor. | Borac. | 1L |
| Clau. | Clau. | 1 |
| Claudio. | Claudio | 1 |
| Clau. | Claud. | 1 |
| Clau. | Claudio | 5 |
| Fri. | Frier | 3 1NL 2L |
| Frier. | Frier | 1 |
| Folio | Quarto 1 | Total |
| Qu. | Quee. | 28 3NL 4L |
| Quee. | Quee. | 1L |
| Qu. | Qu. | 1 |
| Q. | Que. | 1L |
| Que. | Quee. | 2L |
| Qu. | Queen. | 2 |
| Ber. | Bero. | 25 4NL 11L |
| Ber. | Berow. | 6 1NL 2L |
| Ber. | Ber. | 6 1L |
| Ber. | Be. | 1L |
| Du. | Duman. | 1 1L |
| Dum. | Duma. | 13 1NL 1L |
| Du. | Duma. | 4 1L |
| Dum. | Dum. | 8 |
| Dum. | Duman. | 1 |
| Du. | Dum. | 1L |
| Mar. | Maria. | 1 1L |
| Mar. | Mar. | 5 3L |
| Mar. | Mari. | 1 |
| Mari. | Mari. | 2 |
| Long. | Long. | 4 1L |
| Long. | Lon. | 1L |
| Lon. | Long. | 5 1NL 1L |
| Lon. | Longavill. | 1 |
| Boyet. | Boyet. | 1 1NL 1L |
| Boyet. | Boye. | 1L |
| Boy. | Boy. | 2 2L |
| Boy. | Boyet. | 4 2L |
| Boiet. | Boyet. | 1 |
| Boiet. | Boy. | 1NL |
| Boi. | Boyet. | 5 |
| Boi. | Boye. | 1 |
| Rosa. | Rosa. | 5 2L |
| Ros. | Ros. | 1NL 1L |
| Ros. | Rosa. | 7 1L |
| Ros. | Rosal. | 3NL |
| King. | King. | 8 3NL 7L |
| Kin. | King. | 13 2NL |
| Kin. | Kin. | 1L |
| Ka. | Kath. | 1 |
| Kat. | Kath. | 3 1NL |
| Kath. | Kath. | 1NL |
| Clo. | Clow. | 8 10L |
| Clow. | Clow. | 1L |
| Clo. | Clowne. | 1 |
| Brag. | Brag. | 11 6L |
| Brag. | Braggart. | 1L |
| La. | Lady | 1 |
| Curat. | Curat. | 1L |
| Cur. | Cura. | 1L |
| Ped. | Peda. | 6 |
| Ped. | Pedan. | 4 1NL |
| Page. | Page. | 1L |
| Mar. | Marcad. | 2 |
| Marc. | Marcad. | 1L |
| Folio | Quarto 2 | Total |
| Bot. | Bot. | 1 2L |
| Bottom. | Bot. | 1L |
| Quin. | Quin. | 2 1L |
| Rob. | Robin. | 1 |
| Rob. | Rob. | 1 1L |
| Fai. | Fai. | 1NL 1L |
| Fair. | Fai. | 1 |
| Ob. | Ob. | 3 |
| Qu. | Queene. | 1 |
| Qu. | Qu. | 1 |
| Que. | Queen. | 1 |
| Her. | Her. | 15 1NL |
| The. | The. | 4 4L |
| Dem. | Dem. | 4 1NL |
| Dem. | Deme. | 3L |
| Dem. | De. | 1L |
| De. | Deme. | 1NL |
| Lys. | Lys. | 6 1NL 3L |
| Lys. | Lysan. | 1 |
| Lis. | Lys. | 1 1L |
| Lys. | Lysand. | 1 |
| Egeus. | Egeus. | 1NL |
| Folio | Quarto 2 | Total |
| Ege. | Ege. | 2 1L |
| Hel. | Hel. | 3 2L |
| Hip. | Hip. | 1L |
| Pir. | Pir. | 1 1NL 1L |
| Pyr. | Pyr. | 1L |
| This. | This. | 3 |
| This. | Th. | 1L |
| Wall. | Wall. | 1 |
| Du. | Du. | 1 |
| Du. | Duke. | 4 1NL 5L |
| Duk. | Duke. | 1L |
| Du. | Duk. | 1L |
| Duke. | Duke. | 1 |
| Dut. | Dutch. | 3 1NL 2L |
| Dut. | Dut. | 1L |
| Lyon. | Lyon. | 1 1L |
| Moon. | Moon. | 1L |
| Moon. | Moone. | 2L |
| Folio | Quarto 1 | Total |
| Lor. | Loren. | 3 2NL |
| Gra. | Gra. | 3 1NL 2L |
| Gra. | Gratia. | 1 1NL |
| Gra. | Grati. | 1 |
| Ant. | An | 3 1NL |
| An. | An. | 3 |
| Ant. | Anth. | 1L |
| Ant. | Antho. | 1 |
| Ant. | Ant. | 1 |
| Anth. | Anth. | 1 |
| Bas. | Bass. | 6 1L |
| Bass. | Bass. | 6 1NL 3L |
| Sal. | Salarino. | 1 |
| Sal. | Salerio. | 1 |
| Salar. | Salanio. | 1 |
| Jew. | Jewe. | 1 3NL 5L |
| Jew. | Jew. | 6 1NL 1L |
| Jew. | Shy. | 5 |
| Shy. | Shy. | 2 |
| Du. | Duk. | 1L |
| Du. | Duke. | 6 1L |
| Duke. | Duke. | 1L |
| Ner. | Ner. | 4 |
| Nerissa. | Nerissa. | 1 |
| Por. | Portia | 1 |
| Por. | Por. | 22 3NL 5L |
| Folio | Quarto 5 | Total |
| West. | West. | 3 1NL 2L |
| King. | King. | 12 6NL 4L |
| Kin. | King. | 1 |
| K. | Kin. | 1L |
| Fal. | Fals. | 13 1NL 26L |
| Fal. | Fal. | 6 1NL 19L |
| Falst. | Fals. | 1L |
| Falst. | Fal. | 1 5L |
| Prince. | Prince. | 1 1L |
| Prin. | Prince. | 17 2NL 18L |
| Prin. | Prin. | 29 4NL 20L |
| Prin. | Princ. | 2L |
| Prince. | Prin. | 2 2L |
| Pri. | Prin. | 1L |
| Prince. | Pri. | 1L |
| Prin. | Hrin. | 1L |
| Pointz. | Poines. | 1L (+1CW) |
| Poines. | Poines. | 2 2L |
| Poin. | Poines. | 8 1L |
| Poy. | Poy. | 1 2L |
| Poyn. | Poin. | 1L |
| Poyn. | Po. | 1L |
| Poy. | Po. | 1L |
| Poin. | Po. | 1L |
| Poyn. | Poy. | 1L |
| Poin. | Poin. | 2 1L |
| Poin. | Poynes. | 1 1L |
| Poynes. | Poynes. | 1 |
| Folio | Quarto 5 | Total |
| Wor. | Wor. | 20 2NL 3L |
| Nor. | Nor. | 4 1NL 4L |
| North. | Nort. | 1 |
| Nor. | North. | 1 |
| Fran. | Fra. | 1L |
| Fran. | Francis. | 10 3L |
| Vint. | Vint. | 1L |
| La. | Lady. | 2 |
| La. | La. | 4 2L |
| Hot. | Hot. | 44 4NL 4L |
| Hot. | Hots. | 1 |
| Ser. | Ser. | 3 |
| Gad. | Gad. | 6 7L |
| Gad. | Gads-hill | 1 |
| Bar. | Bar. | 2 1L |
| Bard. | Bar. | 1 |
| Peto. | Peto. | 1 |
| Tra. | Tra. | 1 1NL 1L |
| Theeves. | Theeves. | 1 |
| 1. Car. | 1. Car. | 7L |
| Car. | Car. | 1 |
| 2. Car. | 2. Car. | 6L |
| Ost. | Ost. | 1 1L |
| Cham. | Cham. | 1 1NL 4L |
| Blunt. | Blunt. | 1 1NL |
| Blu. | Blunt. | 1NL 1L |
| Arch. | Arch. | 1 1L |
| Sir M. | Sir M. | 1L |
| Ver. | Ver. | 3 |
| Dow. | Dowg. | 4 3NL 3L |
| Dow. | Dow. | 2 |
| P. Joh. | P. Joh. | 1 |
| Joh. | John. | 1L |
| John. | John. | 2 |
| Mes. | Mess. | 2 1NL |
| Mess. | Mess. | 1 |
| Host. | Host. | 2 3L |
| Host. | Hos. | 1L |
| Folio | Quarto 3 | Total |
| Bassianus. | Bassianus. | 1 |
| Bassia. | Bassianus. | 1 |
| Bassia. | Bascianus. | 1 |
| Saturnine. | Saturninus. | 2 |
| Luc. | Lucius. | 1 2NL |
| Lucius. | Lucius. | 1L |
| Mar. | Marc. | 1 |
| Boy. | Puer. | 1L |
| Romans. | Romaine. | 1NL |
| Aron. | Aron. | 1L |
| Folio | Quarto 3 | Total |
| Greg. | Greg. | 1 1NL 3L |
| Greg. | Gre. | 1 1L |
| Greg. | Grego. | 2 1NL |
| Gre. | Gre. | 2 1NL |
| Gr. | Gre. | 2L |
| Samp. | Samp. | 5 1NL 6L |
| Sam. | Samp. | 2 4L |
| Sam. | Sa. | 1L |
| Abra. | Abra. | 5 |
| Ben. | Benv. | 1L |
| Ben. | Ben. | 1 |
| Tyb. | Tibalt. | 1L |
| Tyb. | Tib. | 1L |
| Offi. | Offi. | 1L |
| Cap. | Capu. | 1L |
| Cap. | Cap. | 3 |
| Wife. | Wife. | 1NL |
| Moun. | Moun. | 1 1L |
| 2. Wife. | M. Wife. 2. | 1NL |
| Prince. | Prince. | 1 |
| Prin. | Prin. | 2 2L |
|
APPENDIX
Studies in bibliography | |