University of Virginia Library

1. CHAPTER I.
WHICH TELLS ABOUT SEVENOAKS, AND HOW MISS BUTTERWORTH
PASSED ONE OF HER EVENINGS.

Everybody has seen Sevenoaks, or a hundred towns so much
like it, in most particulars, that a description of any one of
them would present it to the imagination—a town strung upon
a stream, like beads upon a thread, or charms upon a chain.
Sevenoaks was richer in chain than charms, for its abundant
water-power was only partially used. It plunged, and roared,
and played, and sparkled, because it had not half enough to
do. It leaped down three or four cataracts in passing through
the village; and, as it started from living springs far northward
among the woods and mountains, it never failed in its
supplies.

Few of the people of Sevenoaks—thoughtless workers,
mainly—either knew or cared whence it came, or whither it
went. They knew it as “The Branch;” but Sevenoaks was
so far from the trunk, down to which it sent its sap, and from
which it received no direct return, that no significance was
attached to its name. But it roared all day, and roared all
night, summer and winter alike, and the sound became a part
of the atmosphere. Resonance was one of the qualities of
the oxygen which the people breathed, so that if, at any midnight

moment, the roar had been suddenly hushed, they would
have waked with a start and a sense of suffocation, and leaped
from their beds.

Among the charms that dangled from this liquid chain—
depending from the vest of a landscape which ended in a
ruffle of woods toward the north, overtopped by the head of
a mountain—was a huge factory that had been added to from
time to time, as necessity demanded, until it had become an
imposing and not uncomely pile. Below this were two or
three dilapidated saw-mills, a grist-mill in daily use, and a
fulling-mill—a remnant of the old times when homespun went
its pilgrimage to town—to be fulled, colored, and dressed—
from all the sparsely settled country around.

On a little plateau by the side of The Branch was a row of
stores and dram-shops and butchers' establishments. Each
had a sort of square, false front, pierced by two staring
windows and a door, that reminded one of a lion couchant—
very large in the face and very thin in the flank. Then there
were crowded in, near the mill, little rows of one-story houses,
occupied entirely by operatives, and owned by the owner of
the mill. All the inhabitants, not directly connected with
the mill, were as far away from it as they could go. Their
houses were set back upon either acclivity which rose from the
gorge that the stream had worn, dotting the hill-sides in every
direction. There was a clumsy town-hall, there were three
or four churches, there was a high school and a low tavern.
It was, on the whole, a village of importance, but the great
mill was somehow its soul and center. A fair farming and
grazing country stretched back from it eastward and westward,
and Sevenoaks was its only home market.

It is not proposed, in this history, to tell where Sevenoaks
was, and is to-day. It may have been, or may be, in Maine,
or New Hampshire, or Vermont, or New York. It was in
the northern part of one of these States, and not far from the
border of a wilderness, almost as deep and silent as any that
can be found beyond the western limit of settlement and

civilization. The red man had left it forever, but the bear,
the deer and the moose remained. The streams and lakes
were full of trout; otter and sable still attracted the trapper,
and here and there a lumberman lingered alone in his cabin,
enamored of the solitude and the wild pursuits to which a
hardly gentler industry had introduced him. Such lumber as
could be drifted down the streams had long been cut and
driven out, and the woods were left to the hunter and his
prey, and to the incursions of sportsmen and seekers for
health, to whom the rude residents became guides, cooks, and
servants of all work, for the sake of occasional society, and
that ever-serviceable consideration—money.

There were two establishments in Sevenoaks which stood so
far away from the stream that they could hardly be described
as attached to it. Northward, on the top of the bleakest hill
in the region, stood the Sevenoaks poor-house. In dimensions
and population, it was utterly out of proportion to the
size of the town, for the people of Sevenoaks seemed to degenerate
into paupers with wonderful facility. There was one
man in the town who was known to be getting rich, while all
the rest grew poor. Even the keepers of the dram-shops,
though they seemed to do a thriving business, did not thrive.
A great deal of work was done, but people were paid very
little for it. If a man tried to leave the town for the purpose
of improving his condition, there was always some mortgage
on his property, or some impossibility of selling what he had
for money, or his absolute dependence on each day's labor
for each day's bread, that stood in the way. One by one—
sick, disabled, discouraged, dead-beaten—they drifted into
the poor-house, which, as the years went on, grew into a
shabby, double pile of buildings, between which ran a county
road.

This establishment was a county as well as a town institution,
and, theoretically, one group of its buildings was devoted
to the reception of county paupers, while the other
was assigned to the poor of Sevenoaks. Practically, the

keeper of both mingled his boarders indiscriminately, to suit
his personal convenience.

The hill, as it climbed somewhat abruptly from the western
bank of the stream—it did this in the grand leisure of the
old geologic centuries—apparently got out of breath and sat
down when its task was half done. Where it sat, it left a
beautiful plateau of five or six acres, and from this it rose, and
went on climbing, until it reached the summit of its effort,
and descended the other side. On the brow of this plateau
stood seven huge oaks which the chopper's axe, for some reason
or another, had spared; and the locality, in all the early
years of settlement, was known by the name of “The Seven
Oaks.” They formed a notable landmark, and, at last, the
old designation having been worn by usage, the town was incorporated
with the name of Sevenoaks, in a single word.

On this plateau, the owner of the mill, Mr. Robert Belcher
—himself an exceptional product of the village—had built
his residence—a large, white, pretentious dwelling, surrounded
and embellished by all the appointments of wealth.
The house was a huge cube, ornamented at its corners and
cornices with all possible flowers of a rude architecture, reminding
one of an elephant, that, in a fit of incontinent
playfulness, had indulged in antics characteristic of its clumsy
bulk and brawn. Outside were ample stables, a green-house,
a Chinese pagoda that was called “the summer-house,” an
exquisite garden and trees, among which latter were carefully
cherished the seven ancient oaks that had given the town its
name.

Robert Belcher was not a gentleman. He supposed himself
to be one, but he was mistaken. Gentlemen of wealth
usually built a fine house; so Mr. Belcher built one. Gentlemen
kept horses, a groom and a coachman; Mr. Belcher did
the same. Gentlemen of wealth built green-houses for themselves
and kept a gardener; Mr. Belcher could do no less.
He had no gentlemanly tastes, to be sure, but he could buy
or hire these for money; so he bought and hired them; and

when Robert Belcher walked through his stables and jested
with his men, or sauntered into his green-house and about his
grounds, he rubbed his heavy hands together, and fancied
that the costly things by which he had surrounded himself
were the insignia of a gentleman.

From his windows he could look down upon the village,
all of which he either owned or controlled. He owned the
great mill; he owned the water-privilege; he owned many of
the dwellings, and held mortgages on many others; he owned
the churches, for all purposes practical to himself; he owned
the ministers—if not, then this was another mistake that he
had made. So long as it was true that they could not live
without him, he was content with his title. He patronized
the church, and the church was too weak to decline his ostentatious
courtesy. He humiliated every man who came into
his presence, seeking a subscription for a religious or charitable
purpose, but his subscription was always sought, and as
regularly obtained. Humbly to seek his assistance for any
high purpose was a concession to his power, and to grant the
assistance sought was to establish an obligation. He was
willing to pay for personal influence and personal glory, and
he often paid right royally.

Of course, Mr. Belcher's residence had a library; all gentlemen
have libraries. Mr. Belcher's did not contain many
books, but it contained a great deal of room for them. Here
he spent his evenings, kept his papers in a huge safe built into
the wall, smoked, looked down on the twinkling village and
his huge mill, counted his gains and constructed his schemes.
Of Mrs. Belcher and the little Belchers, he saw but little.
He fed and dressed them well, as he did his horses. All gentlemen
feed and dress their dependents well. He was proud
of his family as he saw them riding in their carriage. They
looked gay and comfortable, and were, as he thought, objects
of envy among the humbler folk of the town, all of which
reflected pleasantly upon himself.

On a late April evening, of a late spring in 18—, he was

sitting in his library, buried in a huge easy chair, thinking,
smoking, scheming. The shutters were closed, the lamps
were lighted, and a hickory fire was blazing upon the hearth.
Around the rich man were spread the luxuries which his
wealth had bought—the velvet carpet, the elegant chairs, the
heavy library table, covered with costly appointments, pictures
in broad gold frames, and one article of furniture that
he had not been accustomed to see in a gentleman's library
—an article that sprang out of his own personal wants. This
was an elegant pier-glass, into whose depths he was accustomed
to gaze in self-admiration. He was flashily dressed in
a heavy coat, buff waistcoat, and drab trousers. A gold
chain of fabulous weight hung around his neck and held his
Jurgensen repeater.

He rose and walked his room, and rubbed his hands, as
was his habit; then paused before his mirror, admired his
robust figure and large face, brushed his hair back from his
big brow, and walked on again. Finally, he paused before
his glass, and indulged in another habit peculiar to himself.

“Robert Belcher,” said he, addressing the image in the
mirror, “you are a brick! Yes, sir, you are a brick! You,
Robert Belcher, sir, are an almighty smart man. You've
outwitted the whole of 'em. Look at me, sir! Dare you
tell me, sir, that I am not master of the situation? Ah! you
hesitate; it is well! They all come to me, every man of 'em
It is `Mr. Belcher, will you be so good?' and `Mr. Belcher,
I hope you are very well,' and `Mr. Belcher, I want you to
do better by me.' Ha! ha! ha! ha! My name is Norval.
It isn't? Say that again and I'll throttle you! Yes, sir, I'll
shake your rascally head off your shoulders! Down, down
in the dust, and beg my pardon! It is well; go! Get
you gone, sir, and remember not to beard the lion in his
den!”

Exactly what this performance meant, it would be difficult
to say. Mr. Belcher, in his visits to the city, had frequented

theaters and admired the villains of the plays he had seen represented.
He had noticed figures upon the boards that
reminded him of his own. His addresses to his mirror
afforded him an opportunity to exercise his gifts of speech
and action, and, at the same time, to give form to his self-gratulations.
They amused him; they ministered to his preposterous
vanity. He had no companions in the town, and
the habit gave him a sense of society, and helped to pass
away his evenings. At the close of his effort he sat down
and lighted another cigar. Growing drowsy, he laid it down
on a little stand at his side, and settled back in his chair for
a nap. He had hardly shut his eyes when there came a rap
upon his door.

“Come in!”

“Please, sir,” said a scared-looking maid, opening the
door just wide enough to make room for her face.

“Well?” in a voice so sharp and harsh that the girl cringed.

“Please, sir, Miss Butterworth is at the door, and would
like to see you.”

Now, Miss Butterworth was the one person in all Seven-oaks
who was not afraid of Robert Belcher. She had been
at the public school with him when they were children; she
had known every circumstance of his history; she was not dependent
on him in any way, and she carried in her head an
honest and fearless tongue. She was an itinerant tailoress,
and having worked, first and last, in nearly every family in
the town, she knew the circumstances of them all, and knew
too well the connection of Robert Belcher with their troubles
and reverses. In Mr. Belcher's present condition of self-complacency
and somnolency, she was not a welcome visitor.
Belligerent as he had been toward his own image in the
mirror, he shrank from meeting Keziah Butterworth, for he
knew instinctively that she had come with some burden of
complaint.

“Come in,” said Mr. Belcher to his servant, “and shut
the door behind you.”

The girl came in, shut the door, and waited, leaning against it.

“Go,” said her master in a low tone, “and tell Mrs. Belcher
that I am busy, and that she must choke her off. I can't
see her to-night. I can't see her.”

The girl retired, and soon afterward Mrs. Belcher came,
and reported that she could do nothing with Miss Butterworth—that
Miss Butterworth was determined to see him
before she left the house.

“Bring her in; I'll make short work with her.”

As soon as Mrs. Belcher retired, her husband hurried to
the mirror, brushed his hair back fiercely, and then sat down
to a pile of papers that he always kept conveniently upon his
library table.

“Come in,” said Mr. Belcher, in his blandest tone, when
Miss Butterworth was conducted to his room.

“Ah! Keziah?” said Mr. Belcher, looking up with a smile,
as if an unexpected old friend had come to him.

“My name is Butterworth, and it's got a handle to it,'
said that bumptious lady, quickly.

“Well, but, Keziah, you know we used to —”

“My name is Butterworth, I tell you, and it's got a
handle to it.”

“Well, Miss Butterworth—happy to see you—hope you
are well—take a chair.”

“Humph,” exclaimed Miss Butterworth, dropping down
upon the edge of a large chair, whose back felt no pressure
from her own during the interview. The expression of Mr.
Belcher's happiness in seeing her, and his kind suggestion
concerning her health, had overspread Miss Butterworth's
countenance with a derisive smile, and though she was evidently
moved to tell him that he lied, she had reasons for
restraining her tongue.

They formed a curious study, as they sat there together,
during the first embarrassing moments. The man had spent
his life in schemes for absorbing the products of the labor of
others. He was cunning, brutal, vain, showy, and essentially

vulgar, from his head to his feet, in every fiber of body and
soul. The woman had earned with her own busy hands every
dollar of money she had ever possessed. She would not have
wronged a dog for her own personal advantage. Her black
eyes, lean and spirited face, her prematurely whitening locks,
as they were exposed by the backward fall of her old-fashioned,
quilted hood, presented a physiognomy at once piquant
and prepossessing.

Robert Belcher knew that the woman before him was fearless
and incorruptible. He knew that she despised him—that
bullying and brow-beating would have no influence with her,
that his ready badinage would not avail, and that coaxing
and soft words would be equally useless. In her presence,
he was shorn of all his weapons; and he never felt so defenseless
and ill at ease in his life.

As Miss Butterworth did not seem inclined to begin conversation,
Mr. Belcher hem'd and haw'd with affected nonchalance,
and said:

“Ah!—to—what am I indebted for this visit, Miss—ah—
Butterworth?”

“I'm thinking!” she replied sharply, looking into the
fire, and pressing her lips together.

There was nothing to be said to this, so Mr. Belcher looked
doggedly at her, and waited.

“I'm thinking of a man, and-he-was-a-man-every-inch-of-him,
if there ever was one, and a gentleman too, if-I-know-what-a-gentleman-is,
who came to this town ten years ago,
from-nobody-knows-where; with a wife that was an angel,
if-there-is-any-such-thing-as-an-angel.”

Here Miss Butterworth paused. She had laid her foundation,
and proceeded at her leisure.

“He knew more than any man in Sevenoaks, but he didn't
know how to take care of himself,” she went on. “He was
the most ingenious creature God ever made, I do think, and
his name was Paul Benedict.”

Mr. Belcher grew pale and fidgeted in his chair.

“And his name was Paul Benedict. He invented something,
and then he took it to Robert Belcher, and he put it
into his mill, and paid him-just-as-little-for-it-as-he-could.
And then he invented something more, and-that-went-into-the-mill;
and then something more, and the patent was used
by Mr. Belcher for a song, and the man grew poorer and
poorer, while-Mr.-Belcher-grew-richer-and-richer-all-the-time.
And then he invented a gun, and then his little wife died,
and what with the expenses of doctors and funerals and such
things, and the money it took to get his patent, which-I-begged-him-for-conscience'-sake-to-keep-out-of-Robert-Belch

er's-hands, he almost starved with his little boy, and had to go
to Robert Belcher for money.”

“And got it,” said Mr. Belcher.

“How much, now? A hundred little dollars for what was
worth a hundred thousand, unless-everybody-lies. The whole
went in a day, and then he went crazy.”

“Well, you know I sent him to the asylum,” responded
Mr. Belcher.

“I know you did—yes, I know you did; and you tried to
get him well enough to sign a paper, which the doctor never
would let him sign, and which wouldn't have been worth a
straw if he had signed it. The-idea-of-getting-a-crazy-man-to-sign-a-paper!”

“Well, but I wanted some security for the money I had
advanced,” said Mr. Belcher.

“No; you wanted legal possession of a property which
would have made him rich; that's what it was, and you didn't
get it, and you never will get it. He can't be cured, and
he's been sent back, and is up at Tom Buffum's now, and I've
seen him to-day.”

Miss Butterworth expected that this intelligence would stun
Mr. Belcher, but it did not.

The gratification of the man with the news was unmistakable.
Paul Benedict had no relatives or friends that he knew
of. All his dealings with him had been without witnesses.

The only person living besides Robert Belcher, who knew
exactly what had passed between his victim and himself, was
hopelessly insane. The difference, to him, between obtaining
possession of a valuable invention of a sane or an insane man,
was the difference between paying money and paying none.
In what way, and with what profit, Mr. Belcher was availing
himself of Paul Benedict's last invention, no one in Seven-oaks
knew; but all the town knew that he was getting rich,
apparently much faster than he ever was before, and that, in
a distant town, there was a manufactory of what was known
as “The Belcher Rifle.”

Mr. Belcher concluded that he was still “master of the
situation.” Benedict's testimony could not be taken in a
court of justice. The town itself was in his hands, so that it
would institute no suit on Benedict's behalf, now that he had
come upon it for support; for the Tom Buffum to whom Miss
Butterworth had alluded was the keeper of the poor-house,
and was one of his own creatures.

Miss Butterworth had sufficient sagacity to comprehend the
reasons for Mr. Belcher's change of look and manner, and
saw that her evening's mission would prove fruitless; but her
true woman's heart would not permit her to relinquish her
project.

“Is poor Benedict comfortable?” he inquired, in his old,
off-hand way.

“Comfortable—yes, in the way that pigs are.”

“Pigs are very comfortable, I believe, as a general thing,”
said Mr. Belcher.

“Bob Belcher,” said Miss Butterworth, the tears springing
to her eyes in spite of herself, and forgetting all the proprieties
she had determined to observe, “you are a brute. You
know you are a brute. He is in a little cell, no larger than—
than—a pig-pen. There isn't a bit of furniture in it. He
sleeps on the straw, and in the straw, and under the straw,
and his victuals are poked at him as if he were a beast. He
is a poor, patient, emaciated wretch, and he sits on the floor

all day, and weaves the most beautiful things out of the straw
he sits on, and Tom Buffum's girls have got them in the
house for ornaments. And he talks about his rifle, and explains
it, and explains it, and explains it, when anybody will
listen to him, and his clothes are all in rags, and that little
boy of his that they have in the house, and treat no better than
if he were a dog, knows he is there, and goes and looks at
him, and calls to him, and cries about him whenever he dares.
And you sit here, in your great house, with your carpets and
chairs, that half smother you, and your looking-glasses and
your fine clothes, and don't start to your feet when I tell you
this. I tell you if God doesn't damn everybody who is responsible
for this wickedness, then there is no such thing as
a God.”

Miss Butterworth was angry, and had grown more and more
angry with every word. She had brooded over the matter all
the afternoon, and her pent-up indignation had overflowed
beyond control. She felt that she had spoken truth which
Robert Belcher ought to hear and to heed, yet she knew that
she had lost her hold upon him. Mr. Belcher listened with
the greatest coolness, while a half smile overspread his
face.

“Don't you think I'm a pretty good-natured man to sit
here,” said he, “and hear myself abused in this way, without
getting angry?”

“No, I think you are a bad-natured man. I think you are
the hardest-hearted and worst man I ever saw. What in
God's name has Paul Benedict done, that he should be treated
in this way? There are a dozen there just like him, or worse. Is
it a crime to lose one's reason? I wish you could spend one
night in Paul Benedict's room.”

“Thank you. I prefer my present quarters.”

“Yes, you look around on your present quarters, as you
call 'em, and think you'll always have 'em. You won't.
Mark my words; you won't. Some time you'll overreach
yourself, and cheat yourself out of 'em. See if you don't.”

“It takes a smart man to cheat himself, Miss Butterworth,”
responded Mr. Belcher, rubbing his hands.

“There is just where you're mistaken. It takes a fool.”

Mr. Belcher laughed outright. Then, in a patronizing way,
he said: “Miss Butterworth, I have given you considerable
time, and perhaps you'll be kind enough to state your business.
I'm a practical man, and I really don't see anything
that particularly concerns me in all this talk. Of course, I'm
sorry for Benedict and the rest of 'em, but Sevenoaks isn't a
very rich town, and it cannot afford to board its paupers at
the hotel, or to give them many luxuries.”

Miss Butterworth was calm again. She knew that she had
done her cause no good, but was determined to finish her
errand.

“Mr. Belcher, I'm a woman.”

“I know it, Keziah.”

“And my name is Butterworth.”

“I know it.”

“You do? Well, then, here is what I came to say to you.
The town-meeting comes to-morrow, and the town's poor are
to be sold at auction, and to pass into Tom Buffum's hands
again, unless you prevent it. I can't make a speech, and I
can't vote. I never wanted to until now. You can do both,
and if you don't reform this business, and set Tom Buffum at
doing something else, and treat God's poor more like human
beings, I shall get out of Sevenoaks before it sinks; for sink
it will if there is any hole big enough to hold it.”

“Well, I'll think of it,” said Mr. Belcher, deliberately.

“Tell me you'll do it.”

“I'm not used to doing things in a hurry. Mr. Buffum is
a friend of mine, and I've always regarded him as a very good
man for the place. Of course, if there's anything wrong it
ought to be righted, but I think you've exaggerated.”

“No, you don't mean to do anything. I see it. Good-night,”
and she had swept out of the door before he could
say another word, or rise from his chair.

She went down the hill into the village. The earth was
stiffening with the frost that lingered late in that latitude, and
there were patches of ice, across which she picked her way.
There was a great moon overhead, but just then all beautiful
things, and all things that tended to lift her thoughts upward,
seemed a mockery. She reached the quiet home of Rev. Solomon
Snow.

“Who knows but he can be spurred up to do something?”
she said to herself.

There was only one way to ascertain—so she knocked at
the door, and was received so kindly by Mr. Snow and Mrs.
Snow and the three Misses Snow, that she sat down and unburdened
herself—first, of course, as regarded Mr. Robert
Belcher, and second, as concerned the Benedicts, father and
son.

The position of Mr. Belcher was one which inspired the
minister with caution, but the atmosphere was freer in his house
than in that of the proprietor. The vocal engine whose wheels
had slipped upon the track with many a whirr, as she started
her train in the great house on the hill, found a down grade,
and went off easily. Mr. Snow sat in his arm-chair, his elbows
resting on either support, the thumb and every finger of each
hand touching its twin at the point, and forming a kind of
gateway in front of his heart, which seemed to shut out or let
in conviction at his will. Mrs. Snow and the girls, whose
admiration of Miss Butterworth for having dared to invade
Mr. Belcher's library was unbounded, dropped their work, and
listened with eager attention. Mr. Snow opened the gate
occasionally to let in a statement, but for the most part kept
it closed. The judicial attitude, the imperturbable spectacles,
the long, pale face and white cravat did not prevent Miss
Butterworth from “freeing her mind;” and when she finished
the task, a good deal had been made of the case of the insane
paupers of Sevenoaks, and there was very little left of Mr.
Robert Belcher and Mr. Thomas Buffum.

At the close of her account of what she had seen at the

poor-house, and what had passed between her and the great
proprietor, Mr. Snow cast his eyes up to the ceiling, pursed
his lips, and somewhere in the profundities of his nature, or
in some celestial laboratory, unseen by any eyes but his own,
prepared his judgments.

“Cases of this kind,” said he, at last, to his excited visitor,
whose eyes glowed like coals as she looked into his impassive
face, “are to be treated with great prudence. We are
obliged to take things as they air. Personally (with a rising
inflection and a benevolent smile), I should rejoice to see the
insane poor clothed and in their right mind.”

“Let us clothe 'em, then, anyway,” interjected Miss Butterworth,
impatiently. “And, as for being in their right
mind, that's more than can be said of those that have the care
of 'em.”

“Personally—Miss Butterworth, excuse me—I should rejoice
to see them clothed and in their right mind, but the age
of miracles is past. We have to deal with the facts of to-day
—with things as they air. It is possible, nay, for aught I
know, it may be highly probable, that in other towns pauperism
may fare better than it does with us. It is to be remembered
that Sevenoaks is itself poor, and its poverty becomes
one of the factors of the problem which you have propounded
to us. The town of Buxton, our neighbor over here, pays taxes,
let us say, of seven mills on the dollar; we pay seven mills on
the dollar. Buxton is rich; we are poor. Buxton has few
paupers; we have many. Consequently, Buxton may maintain
its paupers in what may almost be regarded as a state of
affluence. It may go as far as feather-beds and winter fires
for the aged; nay, it may advance to some economical form
of teeth-brushes, and still demand no more sacrifice from its
people than is constantly demanded of us to maintain our
poor in a humbler way. Then there are certain prudential
considerations—certain, I might almost say, moral considerations—which
are to be taken into account. It will never do,
in a town like ours, to make pauperism attractive—to make

our pauper establishments comfortable asylums for idleness.
It must, in some way, be made to seem a hardship to go to
the poor-house.”

“Well, Sevenoaks has taken care of that with a vengeance,”
burst out Miss Butterworth.

“Excuse me, Miss Butterworth; let me repeat, that it must
be made to seem a hardship to go to the poor-house. Let us
say that we have accomplished this very desirable result. So
far, so good. Give our system whatever credit may belong
to it, and still let us frankly acknowledge that we have suffering
left that ought to be alleviated. How much? In what
way? Here we come into contact with another class of facts.
Paupers have less of sickness and death among them than any
other class in the community. There are paupers in our establishment
that have been there for twenty-five years—a fact
which, if it proves anything, proves that a large proportion
of the wants of our present civilization are not only artificial
in their origin, but harmful in their gratifications. Our poor
are compelled to go back nearer to nature—to old mother nature—and
they certainly get a degree of compensation for it.
It increases the expenses of the town, to be sure.”

“Suppose we inquire of them,” struck in Miss Butterworth
again, “and find out whether they would not rather be treated
better and die earlier.”

“Paupers are hardly in a position to be consulted in that
way,” responded Mr. Snow, “and the alternative is one
which, considering their moral condition, they would have no
right to entertain.”

Miss Butterworth had sat through this rather desultory disquisition
with what patience she could command, breaking in
upon it impulsively at various points, and seen that it was
drifting nowhere—at least, that it was not drifting toward the
object of her wishes. Then she took up the burden of talk,
and carried it on in her very direct way.

“All you say is well enough, I suppose,” she began, “but
I don't stop to reason about it, and I don't wish to. Here is

a lot of human beings that are treated like brutes—sold every
year to the lowest bidder, to be kept. They go hungry, and
naked, and cold. They are in the hands of a man who has
no more blood in his heart than there is in a turnip, and we
pretend to be Christians, and go to church, and coddle ourselves
with comforts, and pay no more attention to them than
we should if their souls had gone where their money went. I
tell you it's a sin and a shame, and I know it. I feel it. And
there's a gentleman among 'em, and his little boy, and they
must be taken out of that place, or treated better in it. I've
made up my mind to that, and if the men of Sevenoaks don't
straighten matters on that horrible old hill, then they're just
no men at all.”

Mr. Snow smiled a calm, self-respectful smile, that said, as
plainly as words could say: “Oh! I know women: they are
amiably impulsive, but impracticable.”

“Have you ever been there?” inquired Miss Butterworth,
sharply.

“Yes, I've been there.”

“And conscience forbid!” broke in Mrs. Snow, “that he
should go again, and bring home what he brought home that
time. It took me the longest time to get them out of the
house!”

“Mrs. Snow! my dear! you forget that we have a stranger
present.”

“Well, I don't forget those strangers, anyway!”

The three Misses Snow tittered, and looked at one another,
but were immediately solemnized by a glance from their
father.

Mrs. Snow, having found her tongue—a characteristically
lively and emphatic one—went on to say:—

“I think Miss Butterworth is right. It's a burning shame,
and you ought to go to the meeting to-morrow, and put it
down.”

“Easily said, my dear,” responded Mr. Snow, “but you
forget that Mr. Belcher is Buffum's friend, and that it is impossible

to carry any measure against him in Sevenoaks. I
grant that it ought not to be so. I wish it were otherwise;
but we must take things as they air.”

“To take things as they air,” was a cardinal aphorism in
Mr. Snow's budget of wisdom. It was a good starting-point
for any range of reasoning, and exceedingly useful to a man
of limited intellect and little moral courage. The real truth
of the case had dawned upon Miss Butterworth, and it had
rankled in the breast of Mrs. Snow from the beginning of his
pointless talk. He was afraid of offending Robert Belcher,
for not only did his church need repairing, but his salary was
in arrears, and the wolf that had chased so many up the long
hill to what was popularly known as Tom Buffum's Boarding
House he had heard many a night, while his family was sleeping,
howling with menace in the distance.

Mrs. Snow rebelled, in every part of her nature, against
the power which had cowed her reverend companion. There
is nothing that so goads a spirited woman to madness as the
realization that any man controls her husband. He may be
subservient to her—a cuckold even—but to be mated with a
man whose soul is neither his own nor wholly hers, is to her
the torment of torments.

“I wish Robert Belcher was hanged,” said Mrs. Snow,
spitefully.

“Amen! and my name is Butterworth, responded that
lady, making sure that there should be no mistake as to the
responsibility for the utterance.

“Why, mother!” exclaimed the three Misses Snow, in
wonder.

“And drawn and quartered!” added Mrs. Snow, emphatically.

“Amen, again!” responded Miss Butterworth.

“Mrs. Snow! my dear! You forget that you are a Christian
pastor's wife, and that there is a stranger present.”

“No, that is just what I don't forget,” said Mrs. Snow.
“I see a Christian pastor afraid of a man of the world, who

cares no more about Christianity than he does about a pair of
old shoes, and who patronizes it for the sake of shutting its
mouth against him. It makes me angry, and makes me wish
I were a man; and you ought to go to that meeting to-morrow,
as a Christian pastor, and put down this shame and
wickedness. You have influence, if you will use it. All
the people want is a leader, and some one to tell them the
truth.”

“Yes, father, I'm sure you have a great deal of influence,”
said the elder Miss Snow.

“A great deal of influence,” responded the next in years.

“Yes, indeed,” echoed the youngest.

Mr. Snow established the bridge again, by bringing his
fingers together,—whether to keep out the flattery that thus
came like a subtle balm to his heart, or to keep in the
self-complacency which had been engendered, was not apparent.

He smiled, looking benevolently out upon the group, and
said: “Oh, you women are so hasty, so hasty, so hasty!
I had not said that I would not interfere. Indeed, I had
pretty much made up my mind to do so. But I wanted you
in advance to see things as they air. It may be that something
can be done, and it certainly will be a great satisfaction
to me if I can be the humble instrument for the
accomplishment of a reform.”

“And you will go to the meeting? and you will speak?”
said Miss Butterworth, eagerly.

“Yes!” and Mr. Snow looked straight into Miss Butterworth's
tearful eyes, and smiled.

“The Lord add His blessing, and to His name be all the
praise! Good-night!” said Miss Butterworth, rising and
making for the door.

“Dear,” said Mrs. Snow, springing and catching her by
the arm, “don't you think you ought to put on something
more? It's very chilly to-night.”

“Not a rag. I'm hot. I believe I should roast if I had
on a feather more.”

“Wouldn't you like Mr. Snow to go home with you? He
can go just as well as not,” insisted Mrs. Snow.

“Certainly, just as well as not,” repeated the elder Miss
Snow, followed by the second with: “as well as not,” and
by the third with: “and be glad to do it.”

“No—no—no—no”—to each. “I can get along better
without him, and I don't mean to give him a chance to take
back what he has said.”

Miss Butterworth ran down the steps, the whole family
standing in the open door, with Mr. Snow, in his glasses, behind
his good-natured, cackling flock, thoroughly glad that
his protective services were deemed of so small value by the
brave little tailoress.

Then Miss Butterworth could see the moon and the stars.
Then she could see how beautiful the night was. Then she
became conscious of the everlasting roar of the cataracts, and
of the wreaths of mist that they sent up into the crisp evening
air. To the fear of anything in Sevenoaks, in the day or
in the night, she was a stranger; so, with a light heart, talking
and humming to herself, she went by the silent mill, the
noisy dram-shops, and, with her benevolent spirit full of hope
and purpose, reached the house where, in a humble hired
room she had garnered all her treasures, including the bed
and the linen which she had prepared years before for an event
that never took place.

“The Lord add His blessing, and to His name be all the
praise,” she said, as she extinguished the candle, laughing in
spite of herself, to think how she had blurted out the prayer
and the ascription in the face of Solomon Snow.

“Well, he's a broken reed—a broken reed—but I hope
Mrs. Snow will tie something to him—or starch him—or—
something—to make him stand straight for once,” and then
she went to sleep, and dreamed of fighting with Robert Belcher
all night.