 | |  |
More on the Contributors to the
American
Quarterly Review (1827-1837)
by
Guy R. Woodall
It was with a great deal of pride that Robert Walsh, who edited simultaneously the Philadelphia National Gazette and Literary Register and the American Quarterly Review between 1827 and 1836, revealed in his newspaper the following distinguished writers who had contributed to his quarterly prior to 1835:
Since the publication of the works of Lochemes, Aderman, and Kaser, I have been able to assign the names of a good many more authors, heretofore anonymous, to their reviews in the American Quarterly Review. I have also been able to confirm some probable or supposed identifications made by Lochemes and Aderman and to give new meaning to certain names which appeared in Kaser's edition of the cost book. In a few cases I have been able to make some corrections of identities offered by Lochemes and Aderman. Much of the information which follows has been gleaned from Walsh's editorial column in the National Gazette and Literary Register, from edited and unedited letters, and from direct internal evidence in the articles themselves. The following list of contributors is offered as a brief but, it is hoped, useful postscript to the earlier inventories of Lochemes, Aderman, and Kaser:
- William B. Reed, "Mexico," II, no. 4 (December, 1827), 338-362.[3]
- Jules de Wallenstein, "Life of Bernadin de St. Pierre," II, no. 4 (December, 1827), 362-395.[4]
- Jules de Wallenstein, "Russian Mission to China," III, no. 5 (March, 1828), 255-286.[5]
- William B. Reed, "Ward's Mexico," IV, no. 7 (September, 1828), 85-115.[6]
- Charles Follen, "History," V, no. 9 (March, 1829), 85-99.[7]
- Major William Ware, Darby's View of the United States," V, no. 9 (March, 1829), 143-190.[8]
- George M. Wharton, "History of Pennsylvania," V, no. 10 (June, 1829), 408-437.[9]
- Jules de Wallenstein, "Spain," VI, no. 11 (September, 1829), 116-144.[10]
- Henry D. Gilpin, "Sketches of Naval Life," VI, no. 11 (September, 1829), 216-239.[11]
- James Hall, "The Public Domain of the United States," VI, no. 12 (December, 1829), 263-283.[12]
- Robert Walsh and George Washington Erving, "History of the Republic of San Marino," VI, no. 12 (December, 1829), 455-467.[13]
- Robert Walsh, "Jefferson's Posthumous Works," VI, no. 12 (December, 1829), 494-524.[14]
- William H. Keating, "Geology," VII, no. 14 (June, 1830), 361-409.[15]
- William B. Reed, "Cuba," VII, no. 14 (June, 1830), 475-513.[16]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "Fanatical Guides," VIII, no. 15 (September, 1830), 227-248.[17]
- Albert Gallatin, "Banks and Currency," VIII, no. 16 (December, 1830), 441-528.[18]
- P. H. Cruse, "History of Maryland," IX, no. 18 (June, 1831), 483-511.[19]
- Timothy Walker, "Criminal Jurisprudence of Ohio," X, no. 19 (September, 1831), 29-47.[20]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "Society Tracts," X, no. 19 (September, 1831), 68-93.[21]
- William B. Reed, "History of Cuba," X, no. 19 (September, 1831), 230-243.[22]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "Ornithological Biography," X, no. 20 (December, 1831), 245-258.[23]
- William B. Reed, "Diplomatic Correspondence of the Revolution," X, no. 20 (December, 1831), 417-443.[24]
- Josiah Johnston, "Free Trade and the Tariff," X, no. 20 (December 1831), 444-474.[25]
- Samuel Ward, "Renwick's Mechanics," XI, no. 21 (March, 1832), 120-153.[26]
- Samuel Ward, "Renwick's Mechanics," XI, no. 21 (March, 1832), 120-153.[27]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "Travels of Tyerman and Bennet," XII, no. 23 (September, 1832), 1-24.[28]
- Robert Hare or Robert Hare, Jr., "Chenevix on National Character," XII, no. 23 (September, 1832), 24-56.[29]
- William Gilmore Simms, "Mrs. Trollope and the Americans," XII, no. 23 (September, 1832), 109-133.[30]
- Achille Murat, "Mackintosh on Ethical Philosophy," XII, no. 23 (September, 1832), 133-153.[31]
- Samuel Ward, "Locke," XII, no. 24 (December, 1832), 354-379.[32]
- Jesse Burton Harrison, "Slavery Question in Virginia," XII, no. 24 (December, 1832), 379-426.[33]
- Timothy Walker, "View of Ohio," XIII, no. 25 (March, 1833), 94-126.[34]
- Anthony Laussat, "Memoirs of the Dutchess of St. Leu," XIII, no. 25 (March, 1833), 127-143.[35]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "New Zealand and Tristran d'Acunha," XIII, no. 25 (March, 1833), 167-187.[36]
- Joseph Ripley Chandler, "Morrell's Voyages," XIII, no. 26 (June, 1833), 314-336.[37]
- William M. Meredith, "Poor Laws," XIV, no. 27 (September, 1833), 66-101.[38]
- Samuel Ward, "Letters of Euler," XIV, no. 28 (December, 1833), 255-273.[39]
- Thomas I. Wharton, "The Life and Opinions of John Jay," XIV, no. 28 (December, 1833), 273-308.[40]
- Thomas I. Wharton, "Washington and his Writings," XV, no. 30 (June, 1834), 275-310.[41]
- John W. Williams, "Life and Policy of Canning," XVI, no. 31 (September, 1834), 1-41.[42]
- Thomas I. Wharton, "The Diplomatic Correspondence of the Revolution," XVI, no. 31 (September, 1834), 166-200.[43]
- James Renwick, "Egypt and Mohammed Ali," XVI, no. 31 (September, 1834), 212-240.[44]
- John W. Williams, "Classical Learning," XVII, no. 33 (March, 1835), 1-31.[45]
- Thomas I. Wharton, "Writings of George Washington," XVII, no. 33 (March, 1835), 74-100.[46]
- Willis Gaylord Clark, "American Lyric Poetry," XIX, no. 37 (March, 1836), 103-123.[47]
- Willis Gaylord Clark, "Halleck's Poems," XXI, no. 42 (June, 1837), 399-415.[48]
- Willis Gaylord Clark, "Lockhart's Life of Scott," XXII, no. 44 (December, 1837), 202-250.[49]
- Willis Gaylord Clark, "Life and Writings of Lamb," XXII, no. 44 (December, 1837), 473-484.[49]
Despite what has been written to date on contributors to the American Quarterly Review much remains to be said. For example, in Walsh's list of contributors, and obviously a partial list, which appears at the head of this article, the following writers have not been associated with their essays: David P. Brown, G. W. Featherstonhaugh, A. McVicker, and Joel R. Poinsett. The problem of associating these known contributors with their works is compounded by the fact that after the revelation of contributors and their articles in the Carey & Lea cost book, which ended in 1833, and after the publication of contributors in Walsh's National Gazette and Literary Register in 1835, no other single list of reviewers was made. Since the American Quarterly Review continued until the end of 1837, the writers in the late years of the journal, mainly from 1834-1837, still remained largely unknown. Perhaps yet from some manuscript source or from some reliable newspaper contemporaneous with the American Quarterly Review will come the final word on contributors and authors.
Notes
The National Gazette and Literary Register, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2. This newspaper will be cited in the notes of this article as the NGLR, and citations from it will be from Robert Walsh's editorial column.
William B. Reed (1806-1876), Philadelphia lawyer, diplomat, and author, is identified as the author of this article in Roy Nichols, "William B. Reed," Dictionary of American Biography, ed. Dumas Malone (1935), VIII, 462. Aderman (p. 167) credited the article to John Read, and this is understandable because in Carey & Lea's cost book only the last name was given and it was misspelled "Read." There are numerous cases of names being misspelled in the cost book as well as many cases of illegibility. Aderman (p. 167) notes that Lochemes (p. 164) assigned the article to Joel R. Poinsett. It was not Poinsett, however, but his kinsman Reed, who had spent some time with him in Mexico, who wrote the article. It is reasonable to assume that in the several cases in the cost book of Carey & Lea where the name "Read" appears as a contributor it should be "Reed," not only because the name was misspelled in this instance, but because William B. Reed, never John Read, appeared as a contributor in Walsh's list in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Aderman (p. 167) interpreted this name as "Wallenski" and noted the identity as "unknown"; but David Kaser (p. 287) read it as "Wallenstein." In each place in Carey & Lea's cost book where this name appears beside an article contributed to the American Quarterly Review, Aderman transcribed it as "Wallenski" and Kaser as "Wallenstein." I can offer no biographical data on the author, but Kaser is correct on the surname. It is Jules de Wallenstein's name, not a Wallenski's, which appears in Walsh's list of contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Aderman (p. 169) gives the name as "Wallenski"; but for the same reason stated in note no. 4, the author should be Jules de Wallenstein.
The same source from Roy Nichols in the DAB in note no. 3 identifies William B. Reed as the contributor.
Aderman (p. 169) spells this contributor's name as "Tollin" and notes him as "unidentified"; Kaser (p. 289) questions the spelling but writes the name as "Tollin" also. That the name should be "Follen" instead of "Tollin" seems certain, because where Aderman (p. 174) assigned "Follen" (Charles) the article "Constant on Religion," XI, no. 21 (March, 1832), 103-120, Kaser (p. 295) assigned "Tollin." Thus, it would appear that the names recorded "Tollin" and "Follen" are one and the same. The case for "Follen" instead of "Tollin" seems even stronger when it is noticed that "Follen of Cambridge" is listed with Walsh's contributors in NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2, but no "Tollin" is listed.
Aderman (p. 169) notes that Nathaniel A. Ware was probably the author. Major William Ware, however, is the only person named Ware to appear in Walsh's list of contributors which appeared in his NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Though Aderman (p. 169) says the author is not indicated in Carey & Lea's cost book, Kaser (p. 290) clearly shows Wharton as the author of this, the seventh, article. That the Wharton is George — and not Thomas I., who was also a contributor to the American Quarterly Review — is certain; for Walsh identified George Wharton as the writer in the NGLR, April 7, 1829, p. 1, col. 1. George M. Wharton and John W. Williams (See notes nos. 42 and 45), later became co-editors of the American Quarterly Review. Though Aderman (p. 170) says that Robert Moylan Walsh, Robert Walsh's son became editor in 1836, this is not quite the case. Wharton and Williams became co-editors on January 1, 1836, succeeding Robert Walsh and his son, who had been the junior editor since January 1, 1835. NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2; June 3, 1836, p. 2., col. 2.
Where Aderman (p. 170) assigned this article to "Wallenski," Kaser (p. 290) transcribed the same name as "Wallenstein." Jules de Wallenstein is the author; see note no. 4.
Aderman (p. 170) says that the author of this article is not indicated in the cost book of Carey & Lea. However, according to Kaser (p. 290) the account book lists two articles to Henry D. Gilpin, one of thirty-three pages — this is Article II, and another of twenty-four pages — the latter cannot be other than Article X, the present article.
Hall identifies himself as the author of this essay in his "The Public Domain," XI, no. 22 (June, 1832), 265.
This article in the main is in the form of a travel letter. On page 456, at the beginning of the essay, Walsh, the editor, says he solicited it from George Washington Erving, Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain. Walsh listed Erving among his contributors in his list in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
The author of this review wrote in a note on page 510 of an extended treatment that he had earlier made in Article IX, Vol. I of the American Quarterly Review. This earlier article was Walsh's "French Revolution," I, no. 1 (March, 1827), 189-222.
Aderman (p. 171) notes that William H. Keating is probably the author. William H. Keating is the author for certain, for he is the only writer by the name of Keating in Walsh's list of contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
William B. Reed identified himself as the author of this article by a direct reference made in his later essay "History of Cuba," X, no. 19 (September, 1831), 230-231; see notes nos. 3 and 6.
Aderman (p. 172) read and transcribed this author's name as "Candler"; Kaser interpreted the spelling as being nearer "Chandler." If Kaser's reading is correct, as I suspect is the case, the writer in all probability was Joseph Ripley Chandler, editor of the United States Gazette and frequent writer for Carey and Lea's Atlantic Souvenir; see Kaser, pp. 279, 281, 282, 284.
Aderman (p. 172) notes that all reference to this review is omitted from Carey & Lea's cost book, although Lochemes attributes the article to Albert Gallatin. Lochemes is correct. Kaser (p. 292) indicates that this article is in the cost book and that its author is Gallatin. Manuscript letters from Walsh to Gallatin in the New York Historical Society trace the development of the article: April 22, 1830; August 1, 1830; October 27, 1830; and February 13, 1831, Albert Gallatin Papers. The last letter indicates that Carey & Lea, through Walsh, offered Gallatin an honoraire of five hundred dollars for the article. This was probably for the right to publish the article as a pamphlet, which eventually was done. The tenor of the February 13 letter was that Gallatin had been reluctant to accept payment for the article. In NGLR, October 1, 1833, p. 1, col. 2, Walsh named Gallatin as the author of the article and said that no profit accrued to either himself or the publisher from the article which had been published separately.
Walsh identifies Cruse as the author of this article in the NGLR, May 8, 1832, p. 1, col. 3. Peter Hoffman Cruse (1795-1832) was a well-known Baltimore author and editor.
Walker is identified as the author in a letter, Robert Walsh to Timothy Walker, June 26, 1832, Timothy Walker Papers, The Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio.
Aderman (p. 173) and Kaser (p. 294) recorded the name of the author of this article as "Candler," but ,as explained in note no. 17, the name written "Candler" sometimes appeared more like "Chandler." I suspect that here and elsewhere in Carey & Lea's account book that "Candler" is only a misspelling or illegible form of "Chandler."
Aderman (p. 173) says that this article was possibly written by Henry Reed. Undoubtedly the author is William B. Reed, Henry's brother, for he is the only person of the surname of Reed who is listed with Walsh's contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Both Aderman (p. 173) and Kaser (p. 294) read the author's surname as "Candler," but I suspect that this is another misspelling of "Chandler" as was noticed in notes 17 and 22.
According to Aderman (p. 173) and Kaser (p. 234), this author's name is given in Carey & Lea's cost book as "Read"; as in other cases in the cost book, this is, I believe, a misspelling of "Reed." See note no. 3.
Although Aderman (p. 174) notes that Reverdy Johnson is just as feasible an author as Josiah Johnston, who is said by Lochemes (p. 141) to be the writer, Lochemes has the better case. Walsh identified Senator Josiah Johnston as the contributor in a letter to Johnston, January 4, 1832, Johnston Papers, The Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Josiah Johnston, moreover, and not Reverdy Johnson, is listed among the contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Aderman (p. 174) says that James Harman Ward is the probable contributor. However, Samuel Ward (1814-1884), author, financier, and lobbyist, is the author. "S. Ward" is the only person by the name of Ward who is listed with Walsh's contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2. That the Ward who wrote for the American Quarterly Review was Samuel is confirmed in Sidney Gunn, "Samuel Ward," DAB, XIX, 439-440, where Ward is said to be the author of articles on Locke and Euler in the December, 1832, and December, 1833, numbers of the American Quarterly Review. These articles respectively were "Locke," XII, no. 24 (December, 1832), 120-153; and "Letters of Euler," XIV, no. 28 (Dec., 1833), 255-273. Still more confirmation on Samuel Ward as the contributor on the Locke article is in Henry W. Longfellow, The Letters of Henry W. Longfellow, ed. Andrew Hielen (1966), I, 542, 544n.
Samuel Ward, not James Harman Ward as indicated by Aderman (p. 174), is the author of this article; see preceding note.
I assign this article to Joseph Ripley Chandler for the same reasons given in notes 17 and 23. I think that "Candler" as the name is read from the Carey & Lea cost book by Aderman (p. 174) and Kaser (p. 296) is a misspelling of Chandler.
Aderman (p. 175) assigns this article to Robert Hare; Kaser (p. 196) interpreted the name as "Hall." Since Robert Hare, Jr., was listed as a contributor to the American Quarterly Review in Walsh's NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2, and since no other article in the journal is assigned to him, it is possible that he could have written this article, or it could have been a joint endeavor. Collaboration on articles was not unusual.
Aderman (p. 175) notes that Richard Gilmore Simms is the probable author, saying that the author's name spelled "Simmes" in Carey & Lea's cost book is perhaps a misspelling; Kaser (p. 296) translated the author's name as "Simons." Richard Gilmore Simms is positively identified as the author in a letter, December 6, 1846, William Gilmore Simms to Rufus Wilmot Griswold, in The Letters of William Gilmore Simms, ed., Mary C. Simms Oliphant, et al. (Columbia, S. C., 1953), II, 230.
Aderman (p. 175) interpreted this name as "Minot" and noted him as "unidentified"; Kaser (p. 296) likewise read this name as "Minot." It seems probable, however, that the name is "Murat." Achille Murat, but no Minot, is listed among Walsh's contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Samuel Ward, not James Harman Ward as identified by Aderman (p. 174), is the author of this article; see note no. 26.
Aderman (p. 175) listed this name as "Harmon" and did not identify him; Kaser (p. 296) correctly saw the name as "Harrison." Jesse Burton Harrison is said to be the author of this article on slavery in "Jesse Burton Harrison," Appleton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography, rev. ed., ed. Rossiter Johnson, VIII, 499. This is the "Harrison of New Orleans" who is listed with the American Quarterly Review writers in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2.
Aderman (p. 176) says that this article was probably written by Timothy Walker. He is correct. On p. 89 Timothy Walker identifies himself as the writer of an earlier statement on p. 29 of Vol. X of the American Quarterly Review. This statement was in Timothy Walker's "Criminal Jurisprudence of Ohio," X, no. 19 (September, 1831), 29-47; see note no. 20.
Aderman (p. 175) transcribed the name of this author as "Lampar" and marked him as "unidentified"; Kaser (p. 297) read the name as "Lamport" but was not sure of the spelling. It seems most likely, however, that the illigibly recorded name was "Laussat," because on an earlier occasion in Carey & Lea's cost book where Kaser translated the author's name as "Lamport," Aderman read the name as "Laussat"; cf. Aderman (p. 170) and Kaser (p. 290) on Article no. 5, VI, no. 11 (September, 1829), 104-116. That the contribution in question is not from a writer by the name of "Lampar" or "Lamport" is certain since neither name appears in Walsh's list of contributors in the NGLR, January 28, 1835, p. 2, col. 2; Antony Laussat's name is listed.
Aderman (p. 176) and Kaser (p. 297) read this author's name as "Candler"; for the same reasons given in notes 17 and 22, I believe the author to be Chandler.
Aderman (p. 176) and Kaser (p. 297) read this author's name as "Candler"; for the same reasons given in notes 17 and 22. I believe the author to be Chandler.
Walsh identified William M. Meredith as the author of this article in the NGLR, October 1, 1833, p. 1, col. 1.
The writer referred on p. 285 of this article to certain matter that he had written on p. 468 of an article which had appeared in the June, 1832, American Quarterly Review; this article was Thomas I. Wharton's "Life of Gouverneur Morris," XI, no. 22 (June, 1832), 449-472.
The author of this article wrote on p. 307 that he had related certain facts in the "Life and Opinions of John Jay," no. 28, in the December, 1833, number; this article, as seen in note no. 40, was written by Thomas I. Wharton.
John W. Williams is identified as the author of this article in the NGLR, March 21, 1836, p. 2, col. 1.
Thomas I. Wharton is the author. On p. 167 of the article he refers to a previous statement which he had made in his "The Life and Opinions of John Jay," XIV, no. 23 (December, 1833), 273-308; see note no 40.
On p. 212 of this review the writer says that he has written earlier articles on Egypt relating to the history, chronology, and architecture of that country. This identifies the author as James Renwick, who had written four articles previously in the American Quarterly Review on Egypt: "Egyptian Hieroglyphics," I, no. 2 (June, 1827), 438-458; "Egyptian Chronology," II, no. 4 (December, 1827), 509-533; "Egyptian History," IV, no. 7 (September, 1828), 27-53; and "Egyptian Architecture," V, no. 9 (March, 1829), 1-41.
Thomas I. Wharton can be identified as the author of this review by his statement on p. 74 that he is continuing with the plan of reviewing which he had adopted for the two previous volumes of Sparks' works on Washington. Wharton had begun reviewing Washington's Writings, which in this review he was finishing, in XV, no. 30 (June, 1834), 275-310; see note no. 40.
Identified in a letter, Willis Gaylord Clark to Fitzgreen Halleck, January [n.d.], 1836, in The Letters of Willis Gaylord Clark and Lewis Gaylord Clark, ed. Leslie Dunlap (1940), pp. 35-36.
| | |