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Footnotes

[55]

Plato, in his "Republic," viii, ranks these refusals among the marks of the corruption of a republic. In his "Laws," vi, he orders them to be punished by a fine; at Venice they are punished with banishment.

[56]

Victor Amadeus.

[57]

Some centurions having appealed to the people for the employments which they had before enjoyed, "It is just, my comrades," said a centurion, "that you should look upon every post as honourable in which you have an opportunity of defending the republic." — Livy, dec. 5, xlii, 34.

[58]

Ne imperium ad optimos nobilium transferretur, Senatum militia vetuit Gallienus, etiam adire exercitum.-- Aurelius Victor, De Cæsaribus.

[59]

Augustus deprived the senators, proconsuls, and governors of the privilege of wearing arms. — Dio, xxxiii.

[60]

Constantine. See Zozimus, ii.

[61]

Ammianus Marcellinus, xxvi, Et Civilia, more veterum, et bella recturo.

[62]

"Republic," viii.

[63]

We see the laziness of Spain, where all public employments are given away.