University of Virginia Library

Identification of Contributors to the North American Review under Lowell
by
F. DeWolfe Miller

There appears below a complementary index to the North American Review, 1864-1872, which every researcher working with the Review for that period should consult. It corrects errors which appear in Cushing's index, gives additional information, and makes readily available much material which is difficult to locate in Cushing.

If for no other reason than for the exceptional young talent which practiced in its pages, the North American Review might be considered to have enjoyed the most important period in its history during the editorship of Lowell from January, 1864, through the April, 1872, issue. For the first four years of that period Charles Eliot Norton was the co-editor and in effect the editor, while Lowell, co-editor in name, was in practice a heavy contributor whose name was apparently intended to add prestige. This arrangement, begun a year before the Civil War was over, lasted on through the reconstruction period to 1868, when Norton resigned and Lowell remained the lone editor until he went abroad in the summer of 1872. Perhaps no other magazine of the century could boast of having men like Henry Adams and his brother, Charles Francis, Henry and William James, John Fiske and Willian Dean Howells as regular contributors, not to mention the work of Lowell, Norton, Emerson, and James Parton.

Until 1868 all contributions went unsigned. After that time the shorter "critical notices" (we would today call most of them reviews) continued to appear anonymously, but Lowell abandoned the long-standing custom of calling the articles reviews, and with a few exceptions the articles were signed.

When William Cushing, a Harvard librarian, prepared his Index to the North American Review in 1878 he had to determine the authorship of anonymous articles published over a period of more than sixty years.

In his preface he expressed a modest confidence that his work achieved a satisfactory degree of reliability. When we consider the conditions under which the Review was edited and the resultant difficulties for an indexer, we can agree that his work is quite valuable to history and to the history of literature. There are omissions, however, and inaccuracies and contradictions within the index, which because of the importance of the Norton-Lowell period, are examined in detail here.

Among the various biographers, editors, and bibliographers whose work has led them into the North American before 1878 we find, even in the case of some of the most recent, varying skills in handling the index. I have previously pointed out the fact that Lowell scholars have for fifty years overlooked a significant body of his criticism which was indexed by Cushing.[1] Several men who could have used the index to advantage have overlooked it entirely, others have used it gingerly, but so far as I have discovered only one or two men have tapped the full resources of Cushing's work. Because of the peculiar organization of the index, researchers who do wish to be sure they have found everything it can give them have to check individually every item in the index, which has duplicate and many triplicate entries, and this has to be done with a file of the Review at hand. To obtain definitive results they would have had to do what I have done in preparation of the complementary index below—re-index the period in which they are working.

Instead of consolidating his entries as in the card catalogue of a library, Cushing awkwardly divided his index into a subject section and an author section, the latter itself containing a subsection. Under the subject index (which I refer to below as Cushing-S) there are single or multiple entries of what in Cushing's sometimes curious opinion were the more important subjects. These entries give the subject, author, and reference to volume and first page. In the main part of the author index (designated here Cushing-A) the contributions of each writer are listed by title, volume, and first page. In the case of some of the more frequent contributors, there are subsections under the contributors' names (designated here Cushing-C), listing by issue—not volume—number and critical notice number certain of the critical notices. Cushing's sorting of items to go into Cushing-A and -C is quite arbitrary, as is also his decision to include or omit any given item under a subject heading in Cushing-S. The omission of numerous items from Cushing-S, which are nevertheless included in Cushing-A or -C, makes it necessary for the researcher who wishes to identify the author of an article omitted in Cushing-S to check each item in Cushing -A and -C until he finds his title. Omissions from Cushing-A

and -C appear to be accidental rather than deliberate, for they occur in about the same proportion with other mistakes. But since they do occur, the researcher would heretofore have had to check each item in Cushing-S to be sure that his work was complete.

There are other sources of information, two of them unpublished, which serve to confirm, question or complement the information contained in Cushing's index. The Harvard College Library owns a memorandum book (referred to below as NorMemo) which Norton maintained during his editorship. He used one sheet to make out a working plan for the next issue of the Review, and the following sheet for a final record of the contents of the finished issue. He was not regular in his entries and a final table of contents appears for eight issues only, or about half the number edited by him. The records are quite neat and clear. Usually the table contains the roman and arabic numerals under which the items were published, a short title, the author, and the amount of pay. When this is the case Norton must be taken as the authority when he conflicts with Cushing. Sometimes, however, Norton omits the title, leaving only a number for the identification of the item. In such instances it is possible that he made an error by transposition in sequence. Thus the critical notices in the October, 1864, issue are identified only by number and his attributions of Notices 10, 11, and 12 disagree with Cushing and cannot be accepted as final. In one issue—October, 1866—his table of contents is not in sequence. He has grouped the critical notices written by each man, identifying them by title and/or author of the book reviewed, and has placed the amount paid the reviewer after his name. An unprecedented six out of twenty-four of Cushing's attributions for this issue differ from Norton's, whose record must be considered authoritative.

Norton's record must take precedence over Cushing, even though Cushing and a third source of information are found in agreement. There is in the Harvard College Library a file of the North American Review (referred to hereafter as HCL) which has been inscribed with the names of the contributors. For the period 1864-72 the inscriptions appear in at least four hands; nothing seems to be known about the origin of any of the inscriptions throughout the file. Except for the places where Cushing contradicts himself, there is no such disagreement between Cushing and HCL as there is between these two and Norton. Since Cushing and HCL sometimes make the same mistake we may suspect that Cushing used this file or that his assistants actually made the inscriptions when compiling the index. However, there are many more omissions in HCL than in Cushing, and HCL occasionally identifies items (in inscriptions which were apparently made at the same time with the others), which Cushing leaves blank.

Cushing later issued a slender Supplementary Index covering the two-year period 1878-1880 and containing a correction sheet for the previous index. In the complementary index given below, the information from the three parts of Cushing's 1878 index, from his correction sheet, and from the marked copy at Harvard has been consolidated with the notes in Norton's memorandum book and with other but minor sources. An author or title entry is included wherever it is necessary to make the information from these various sources instantly available to the reader or researcher.

This complementary index identifies the authors of eight articles and notices not identified by Cushing; changes completely the authorship of six; throws doubt on the authorship of twelve and reports the conflicting evidence; clarifies the authorship of seven; and assures the researcher that information about the authorship of seven other items is not contained anywhere in the sources outlined above. Under the authors' names it lists seven articles which are attributed to them in Cushing-S but omitted in Cushing-A and C, and it enables the reader to determine the authors of 147 articles and reviews, or notices omitted entirely from Cushing-S.

CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS FOR CUSHING'S INDEX TO THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW FOR THE PERIOD 1864-1872 (VOLS. XCVIII-CXIV)

Abbreviations
• Cushing-A: Subdivision of the author section of the index in which the title is listed.
• Cushing-C: Subdivision of the author section of the index in which the title is not listed.
• Cushing-S: Subject section of Cushing's index.
• HCL: The Marked copy of the Review in the Harvard College Library.
• NorMemo: Norton's memorandum book.

• For convenience in listing entries, the headline in the Review is used instead of detailed information heading the article. This is purely a complementary index, and it therefore includes no cross reference or information readily available in Cushing's index.

• ABBOT, EZRA. See "Shedd."
• ADAMS, HENRY. See "Legal." Cushing's Supplementary Index (1880) makes several corrections in attributions to Adams. The only corrected item falling in the Lowell period is "Denison's Letters and Other Writings," CXIV (April 1872), 426-432. Mistakenly listed under Adams in Cushing-A, this notice is correctly attributed to C. M. Gaskell in both Cushing-A and -S.
• AGASSIZ'S JOURNEY IN BRAZIL, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CVI (April 1868), 736-737. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• ALEXANDER'S SUNDAY BOOK OF POETRY, reviewed by Grace Norton (?), CII (Jan. 1866), 315-316. [This, and the review of Allingham's Ballad Book immediately following (pp. 316-318), are ascribed to C. E. Norton in Cushing-C and HCL. However, Norton in his memorandum lists the two reviews as by "G. N.," who received $7 for them. After the first issue edited by him, Norton never lists the amount of money received by himself or by Lowell. These two reviews are the only others ever marked by initials, from which fact we conclude that they stand for somebody quite familiar to him. Grace Norton, his sister, was an intellectual intimate of both Norton and Lowell

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  and is therefore apparently the author of these two items.]
• ALLEN, WILLIAM FRANCIS. See "Gage."
• ALLINGHAM'S BALLAD BOOK. See "Alexander."
• BARNES'S POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (April 1864), 629. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• BAXLEY'S WEST COAST OF SOUTH AND NORTH AMERICA, reviewed by Samuel Fowler, CI (Oct. 1865), 622-624. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo. This is apparently Samuel Page Fowler.]
• BAXTER'S NATIONAL DEBTS, reviewed by Simon Newcomb, CXIV (Jan. 1872), 189-193. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• BEECHER'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (April 1864), 622-624. [Cushing-C; HCL; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• BELLOWS, HENRY WHITNEY. See "Sanitary."
• BESANT'S STUDIES IN EARLY FRENCH POETRY, reviewed by Edward Benton Coe, CVIII (April 1869), 663-669. [Cushing-S has Cox instead of Coe; HCL has Cox changed to Coe. Cushing-A correctly has Coe.]
• BIDDLE'S MUSICAL SCALE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CVI (April 1868), 734-736. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• BRACE'S RACES OF THE OLD WORLD, reviewed by William Dwight Whitney, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 273-277. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• BRACHET'S HISTORICAL FRENCH GRAMMAR, reviewed by Edward Benton Coe, CXI (July 1870), 230-235. [Cushing-A is correct in spelling Coe; Cushing-S, incorrect in spelling Cox.]
• BRACKETT'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES CAVALRY, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CI (Oct. 1865), 611-612. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• BRIDGES'S FRANCE UNDER RICHELIEU AND COLBERT, reviewed by John Fiske, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 322. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• BRIGHAM, CHARLES HENRY. See both "Dingelstedt" and "Mariano."
• BURKE'S WORKS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CI (Oct. 1865), 624-625. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• CABOT, JAMES ELLIOT. See both "Journal" and "Perkins."
• CAPE COD AND ALL ALONG SHORE, reviewed by Lowell, CVII (Oct. 1868), 674. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• CARLYLE'S HISTORY OF FREDERICK THE GREAT, reviewed by Lowell, XCIX (Oct. 1864), 628. [Cushing-S; HCL; Cushing-C also attributes this to Lowell, for it falls within the critical notices numbered 11-16. This notice, the 15th, is misnumbered 16, so that two notices have that number and none has 15.]
• CARLYLE'S TRANSLATION OF WILHELM MEISTER, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., CI (July 1865), 281-285. [Cushing-S; HCL. NorMemo contains no records for this issue.]
• CHARLES LAMB'S ELIANA, reviewed by Charles Card Smith, C (Jan. 1865), 284-287. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• CHAUCER'S LEGENDE OF GOODE WOMEN, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (April 1864), 626-627. [Cushing-C; HCL; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• CHAUVENET'S MANUAL OF ASTRONOMY, reviewed by Chauncey Wright, XCVIII (April 1864), 611-612. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• CLARK'S DALETH, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (April 1864), 604-606. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• CLEAVELAND'S FIRST CENTURY OF DUMMER ACADEMY, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 626. [NorMemo; no attribution in Cushing and HCL.]
• CLEVELAND'S HINTS TO RIFLEMEN, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCIX (July 1864), 310. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• COFFIN'S FOUR YEARS OF FIGHTING, reviewed by C. E. Norton (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 609-610. [Cushing-S and -C and HCL attribute this to Lowell, but NorMemo gives it to Norton.]
• COLBURN, W. G. See "Property."
• COLLECTION DE VRIES, reviewed by John Richard Dennett, CI (July 1865), 302-303. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• CONSTITUTION, AND ITS DEFECTS, THE, by Edwin Lawrence Godkin, XCIX (July 1864), 117-145. [Cushing-S; HCL; NorMemo.]
• CRITICAL AND SOCIAL ESSAYS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CV (July 1867), 329-330. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• CULLUM'S BIOGRAPHICAL REGISTER, reviewed by John Carver Palfrey, CVI (April 1868), 695-698. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• CURTIS'S INSPIRATION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES, reviewed by Charles Henry Brigham, CVI (Jan. 1868), 296-299. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• CURWEN'S JOURNAL AND LETTERS, reviewed by Lowell, C (Jan. 1865), 288-289. [Cushing-C; HCL; attributed to Lowell by Cooke.]
• CUTTER, CHARLES AMMI. See both "Sarmiento" and "Murray."
• DANA'S HOUSEHOLD BOOK OF POETRY, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIV (Jan. 1867), 303-304. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• DANIEL WEBSTER, by James Parton, CIV (Jan. 1867), 65-121. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo. Collected.]
• DEATH OF MR. EVERETT, by Lowell, C (April 1865), 560-564. [NorMemo.]
• DE VOE'S MARKET-BOOK, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, C (Jan. 1865), 307-308. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• DINGELSTEDT'S AMAZON, reviewed by

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  Charles Henry Brigham (?), CVIII (Jan. 1869), 287-289. [Cushing-S; HCL. However, this is attributed to George Park Fisher in Cushing-A. See "Mariano" for similar case.]
• DODGE'S IRVINGTON STORIES, reviewed by Lowell, C (Jan. 1865), 304. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• DOOLITTLE'S SOCIAL LIFE OF THE CHINESE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CII (April 1866), 574. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• DORAN'S THEIR MAJESTIES' SERVANTS, reviewed by Lowell, C (Jan. 1865), 304. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• DREAM CHILDREN, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 304. [This notice, the 18th in the issue, is misnumbered 17. It is attributed as No. 18 to Norton in Cushing-C, and confirmed in HCL. See "New Path."]
• EATON'S HISTORY OF THOMASTON, review by Andrew Preston Peabody, CII (Jan. 1866), 318-319. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• EDDY'S YOUNG MAN'S FRIEND, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CII (April 1866), 606-609. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• EHNINGER'S LEGENDE OF ST. GWENDOLINE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CVI (Jan. 1868), 335-336. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• ELLIS'S WORKS OF ANNE BRADSTREET, reviewed by William Frederick Poole, CVI (Jan. 1868), 330-334. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• EMILY CHESTER, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., C (Jan. 1865), 279-284. [Cushing-A; Cushing-S, under "Seemuller"; HCL.]
• ENGINEER AND ARTILLERY OPERATIONS . . . , reviewed by Francis Winthrop Palfrey, XCVIII (April 1864), 608-611. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• ERIE RAILROAD ROW, THE. This, the second of two books reviewed by George Putnam, Jr., CVIII (Jan. 1869), 305-309, is by C. F. Adams, Jr., and Cushing-S is therefore obviously wrong in attributing the review to Adams. Cushing-A and HCL give Putnam as the reviewer.
• EVANS, EDWARD PAYSON. See both "Lord" and "NATHAN."
• FELTON'S FAMILIAR LETTERS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (Jan. 1865), 287-288. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• FIFTEEN DAYS, reviewed by C. E. Norton (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 620-621. [Attributed to Arthur George Sedgwick in Cushing-A and HCL. However, Norton specifically claims it in NorMemo.]
• FIRST LESSONS IN READING, reviewed by William Dwight Whitney, CIV (April 1867), 655-658. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• FISHER, GEORGE PARK. See both "Dingelstedt" and "Mariano."
• FORSYTH'S LIFE OF CICERO, reviewed by John Richard Dennett, CI (July 1865), 299-302. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• FOSTER'S SWEDENBORG'S ANGELIC PHILOSOPHY, reviewed by Henry James, Sr., CVI (Jan. 1868), 299-300. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• FREEMAN'S HISTORICAL ESSAYS, reviewed by Henry Adams, CXIV (Jan. 1872), 193-196. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• FREEMAN'S HISTORY OF CAPE COD, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, C (Jan. 1865), 244-246. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• FRISWELL'S FAMILIAR WORDS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CI (July 1865), 291-293. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• FROTHINGHAM, OCTAVIUS BROOKS. See Frothingham's Philosophy.
• FROTHINGHAM'S LIFE OF JOSEPH WARREN, reviewed by Charles Card Smith, CII (Jan. 1866), 289-291. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• FROTHINGHAM'S PHILOSOPHY AS ABSOLUTE SCIENCE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCIX (Oct. 1864), 622-624. [There is considerable confusion about the authorship of Critical Notices 10 (this review), 11, and 12. NorMemo cannot be accepted as absolute authority, since Norton in his notes on this issue designates the notices by number only. As he does not give the title, there is no assurance that he did not confuse the numbers. This review of a book by Ephraim Langdon Frothingham and Arthur Lincoln Frothingham is attributed to Octavius Brooks Frothingham in Cushing-A and HCL, but to Norton in Cushing-S and in NorMemo. If Octavius Brooks was a brother of the authors —I cannot clearly establish that he was—it is unlikely that the book would have been assigned to him for review. Critical Notice 11 ("Tuckerman's America. . . .") is attributed to Norton in Cushing-S and NorMemo. But Cushing-C and HCL attribute it to Lowell, and Cooke lists it in his Lowell bibliography. An allusion to a trip to Germany made in the review would have at that date been possible for Lowell but not for Norton. Critical Notice 12 ("Tennyson's Enoch Arden") is attributed to Lowell in Cushing-C, HCL, and Cooke's bibliography, but in NorMemo it is attributed to O. B. Frothingham. Internal evidence points strongly toward Lowell and away from Frothingham. Norton almost surely errs on this and the preceding item.]
• FROUDE'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, reviewed by Lowell, CIII (Oct. 1866), 606-607. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• FROUDE'S SHORT STUDIES ON GREAT SUBJECTS, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CVI (Jan. 1868), 303-306. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• GAGE'S MODERN HISTORICAL ATLAS, CVIII, (April 1869), 661-663. [Cushing-S and -A give William Francis Allen as the author of this and of "Marcel's Study of Languages," CIX (July 1869), 285-287, and of "Seeley's Livy," CXIV (April 1872), 419-426. But HCL has an inscription "W. F. Allen," followed by an "X" after each of the three reviews. The authority of the "X" as an indication that the attribution is

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  wrong is highly questionable. Cushing in 1880 published Supplementary Index . . . , which contained a correction sheet for the 1878 index. The corrections seem to have been made by the contributors themselves (there being several corrections for some names, and none at all for other names in connection with which some errors had been made). As there were two deletions and one addition under Allen's list, it should be accurate as corrected, and all three of these reviews are apparently by him.]
• GILLMORE'S DEFENCES OF CHARLESTON HARBOR, reviewed by Francis Winthrop Palfrey, CI (July 1865), 241-245. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• GODKIN, EDWIN LAWRENCE. See "Constitution."
• GOODWIN'S SOUTHERN SLAVERY, reviewed by Henry Charles Lea, CI (July 1865), 245-249. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• GREENE'S AMERICAN REVOLUTION, reviewed by Charles Card Smith (?), CI (July 1865), 256-258. [HCL is the only source of information on this item. The subject was in Smith's field.]
• GREENE'S LIFE OF NATHANIEL GREENE, reviewed by George Edward Ellis, CVI (April 1868), 689-694. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• GREG'S LITERARY AND SOCIAL JUDGMENTS, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 331. [None of the sources lists this item.]
• GROUT'S ZULU LAND, reviewed by Daniel Coit Gilman, CI (July 1865), 274-276. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• GUILD'S HISTORY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY, reviewed by George Washington Greene, CV (Oct. 1867), 697-698. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• GUROWSKI'S DIARY, Vol. II, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (April 1864), 618-619. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• HALDEMAN'S AFFIXES, reviewed by William Dwight Whitney, CI (Oct. 1865), 584-587. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• HALL'S ARCTIC RESEARCHES, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CI (July 1865), 272-274. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• HAMERTON'S CONTEMPORARY FRENCH PAINTERS, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., CVI (April 1868), 716-723. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• HANS BREITMANN'S PARTY, reviewed by Lowell, CVII (Oct. 1868), 675. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• HARKNESS'S LATIN GRAMMAR, reviewed by John Larkin Lincoln (?), XCIX (Oct. 1864), 617-619. [NorMemo and HCL leave this item blank; however, Cushing-S is probably correct in attributing this to Lincoln, for he reviewed classical books over a long period.]
• HARPER'S WEEKLY, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (April 1865), 623-625. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• HARPER'S WEEKLY . . . VOL. IX, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CII (April 1866), 637-638. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• HARRIS, ELISHA. See "Sanitary."
• HEARD'S CURIOSITIES OF THE LAW REPORTS, reviewed by Russell Gray, CXIII (July 1871), 219-221. [Cushing-A; no inscription in HCL.]
• HEARD'S HISTORY OF THE SIOUX WAR, reviewed by Edward Dorr McCarthy, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 266-270. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• HEDGE, FREDERIC HENRY. SEE "Shedd."
• HEDGE'S REASON IN RELIGION, reviewed by Charles Timothy Brooks, CI (July 1865), 288-291. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• HEINE'S BOOK OF SONGS, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 293-294. [None of the sources lists this item.]
• HISTORIES OF INDIA, reviewed by William Dwight Whitney, CVI (Jan. 1868), 340-345. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• HOLLAND'S PLAIN TALKS ON FAMILIAR SUBJECTS, reviewed by Thomas Sergeant Perry, CII (Jan. 1866), 299-301. [Cushing-A; HCL (last name only); NorMemo.]
• HOLLAND'S RECOLLECTIONS OF PAST LIFE, reviewed by Henry Adams, CXIV (April 1872), 448-450. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• HOWELLS'S ITALIAN JOURNEYS, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., CVI (Jan. 1868), 336-339. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• HOWELLS'S NO LOVE LOST, reviewed by Lowell, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 325-326. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• HOWELLS'S THEIR WEDDING JOURNEY, reviewed by Henry Adams, CXIV (April 1872), 444-445. [Cushing-A; listed erroneously as "Works" in Cushing-S; HCL.]
• HOWELLS'S VENETIAN LIFE, reviewed by Lowell (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 610-613. [Cushing-S and -C and HCL attribute this, apparently incorrectly, to Norton. NorMemo lists Lowell as the author; for confirmation of his authorship, see James L. Woodress, "A Note on Lowell Bibliography: The Review of Howells' Venetian Life," Studies in Bibliography, IV, 210-211.]
• HOYT'S MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, XCVIII (April 1864), 602-604. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• IF, YES, AND PERHAPS, reviewed by Lowell, CVII (Oct. 1868), 675-676. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, reviewed by Simon Newcomb, CXIV (April 1872), 432-435. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• INTERNATIONAL POLICY, reviewed by Lowell (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 608-609. [Cushing-S and -C and HCL attribute this to Norton, but NorMemo lists it as Lowell's.]
• JACOBS'S NOTES ON THE REBEL INVASION, reviewed by Henry Warren Torrey (?), XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 264-266. [Not listed in Cushing; blank in HCL. NorMemo, however, indicates that Torrey was paid for five pages of original matter for this issue, while the index

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  accounts for only three. As his contributions were largely historical, this review possibly makes up the remaining two pages. Two other short notices (see "Peabody's Christianity" and see "Heine") are unaccounted for, but they are not on subjects which Torrey customarily dealt with.]
• JAMES, HENRY, JR. See "Carlyle's Translation."
• JAMES'S SUBSTANCE AND SHADOW, reviewed by James Elliot Cabot, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 295-302. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• JEAN INGELOW'S POEMS, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (April 1864), 628-629. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• JOHNSON'S FAMILY ATLAS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (April 1865), 625-626. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• JOURNAL OF SPECULATIVE PHILOSOPHY, reviewed by James Elliott Cabot, CV (Oct. 1867), 697. [Cushing-S; HCL.]
• KINGLAKE'S INVASION OF CRIMEA, reviewed by Charles Creighton Hazewell, CIX (Oct. 1869), 612-619. [Cushing-S, under "Crimea" on p. 25, incorrectly attributes this to E. H. Lacombe. Cushing-S under "Kinglake," Cushing-A under "Hazewell," and HCL attribute this to Hazewell, and it is not included under Lacombe in Cushing-A.]
• KING RENÉ'S DAUGHTER, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CV (Oct. 1867), 692-695. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• KINGSLEY'S HILLYARS AND BURTONS, CI (July 1865), 293-299. [None of the sources lists this item.]
• KING'S MOUNTAINEERING IN SIERRA NEVADA, reviewed by Henry Adams, CXIV (April 1872), 445-448. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• LAUGEL'S UNITED STATES DURING THE WAR, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 599-602. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• LEA'S SUPERSTITION AND FORCE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 583-586. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• LEGAL-TENDER ACT, THE, by Henry Adams and Francis Amasa Walker, CX (Jan. 1870), 299-327. [Cushing-S and -A attribute this correctly to both Adams and Walker, though it is signed by Adams alone. See Ernest Samuels, The Young Henry Adams (1948), p. 192.]
• LIFE AND LETTERS OF WILDER DWIGHT, reviewed by Lowell, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 327-328. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• LINCOLN, JOHN LARKIN. See "Harkness."
• LONGFELLOW'S TALES OF A WAYSIDE INN, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 289-290. [Cushing-C; HCL; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• LOOK BEFORE AND AFTER, A, in part, at least, by Lowell, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 255-273. [Cushing does not list this and NorMemo has no notes on the issue. HCL and Horace E. Scudder in his chronological list of Lowell writings attribute this in full to Lowell, while Cooke in his Lowell bibliography says, "Lowell's from p. 260."]
• LORD'S OLD ROMAN WORLD, reviewed by Edward Payson Evans, CVI (Jan. 1868), 314-319. [Not listed in Cushing; NorMemo has no notes on this issue. HCL, however, gives the initials EPE. There are no other contributors with these initials, and Evans was at the time a frequent contributor on various subjects, including Roman antiquities. In the following issue HCL gives the initials EPE again, which this time are confirmed as Evans's in NorMemo. See Morgan.]
• LOWELL, JAMES RUSSELL. See each of the following: "Coffin"; "Death"; "Frothingham's Philosophy"; "International Policy"; "Look"; "Semi-Centenary"; "Swinburne"; "Whittier." For more details concerning Cushing's index and Lowell's contributions, see my "Twenty-Eight Additions to the Canon of Lowell's Criticism," Studies in Bibliography, IV, 205-210.
• LUDWIG'S SHAKESPEARE-STUDIEN, reviewed by Thomas Sergeant Perry, CXIV (April 1872), 441-444. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• LYRICS OF A DAY, reviewed by Lowell, XCIX (July 1864), 320. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• MARCEL'S STUDY OF LANGUAGES. See "Gage."
• MARCH'S ANGLO-SAXON TEXT-BOOKS, reviewed by William Dwight Whitney, CXII (April 1871), 429-433. [Cushing-A; errata sheet, Supplementary Index; HCL.]
• MARCY'S THIRTY YEARS OF ARMY LIFE, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CIII (Oct. 1866), 580-582. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• MARIANO'S PHILOSOPHIE CONTEMPORAIRE EN ITALIE, reviewed by Charles Henry Brigham (?), CVIII (Jan. 1869), 286-287. [Cushing-S and -C and HCL. However, this is attributed to George Park Fisher in Cushing-A.]
• MARTIN'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CII (April 1866), 640-641. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOARD OF HEALTH, reviewed by Edward Barry Dalton, CXIII (July 1871), 214-219. [Cushing-A; no inscription in HCL.]
• MAUDSLEY'S PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY, reviewed by Francis Ellingwood Abbot, CVI (Jan. 1868), 277-285. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• McPHERSON'S POLITICAL HISTORY, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (Jan. 1865), 241-242. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• MECHANICS OF MODERN NAVAL WARFARE, THE, by Isaac Newton and George Edward Pond, CIII (July 1866), 185-220. [Cushing-S and -A attribute this to Isaac Newton; however, NorMemo specifically gives it to both men, placing Pond's name first.]
• MELINE'S MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS, reviewed

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  by Jeremiah Lewis Diman, CXIV (Jan. 1872), 223-227. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• MERIVALE'S CONVERSION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CI (Oct. 1865), 608-610. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• MICHELANT'S VOYAGES DE JAQUES CARTIER, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CI (Oct. 1865), 628. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• MILITIA OF THE UNITED STATES, THE, reviewed by James Elliot Cabot, CI (July 1865), 259-261. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• MILL'S DISSERTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS, reviewed by John Fiske, CVI (Jan. 1868), 300-303. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• MILL'S PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, reviewed by John Fiske, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 270-273. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• MISS PRESCOTT'S AZARIAN, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., C (Jan. 1865), 268-277. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• MISTRAL'S MIRÈIO, CXV (July 1872), 229-231. [Listed but not identified in Cushing-S. In HCL, the inscription "H. Adams?" on this and the following review has been crossed out.]
• MORGAN'S AMERICAN BEAVER AND HIS WORKS, reviewed by Edward Payson Evans, CVI (April 1868), 725-727. [Cushing-A; HCL (initials only); NorMemo.]
• MORRIS'S FIELD TACTICS FOR INFANTRY, reviewed by Hazard Stevens, XCIX (July 1864), 287-292. [Cushing-S incorrectly attributes this to F. W. Palfrey. Cushing-A, HCL, and NorMemo all give this to Stevens.]
• MORSE, JOHN TORREY, JR. See "Note to Article V."
• MRS. FARRAR'S RECOLLECTIONS OF SEVENTY YEARS, CII (April 1866), 571-572. [None of the sources lists this item, except for an "Anon." inscription in HCL.]
• MURRAY'S HISTORY OF USURY, reviewed by C. E. Norton (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 619-620. [Cushing-S and -C and HCL all attribute this to C. A. Cutter, but Norton claims it for himself in NorMemo.]
• MY CAVE LIFE IN VICKSBURG, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCIX (July 1864), 309. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• MY FARM OF EDGEWOOD, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 288-289. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• NATHAN THE WISE, reviewed by Edward Payson Evans, CVI (April 1868), 704-712. [HCL; NorMemo.]
• NEW GIFT BOOKS, reviewed by John La Faye, CVIII (Jan.1869), 328-330. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• NEW PATH, THE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 303-304. [There are 18 critical notices in this number. The last three are numbered 16, 16, 17, instead of 16, 17, 18. Nevertheless, Cushing-C attributes Nos. 17 and 18 to Norton. This review of The New Path should be numbered 17 and, according to Cushing-C, should be attributed to Norton. HCL confirms the attribution.]
• NEWTON, ISAAC. See "Mechanics."
• NICHOLS'S HOURS WITH THE EVANGELISTS, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, XCVIII (April 1864), 585-586. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• NICHOLS'S STORY OF THE GREAT MARCH, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CII (Jan. 1866), 312-315. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• NORTON, CHARLES ELIOT. See each of the following: "Alexander"; "Cleaveland"; "Coffin"; "Fifteen"; "Frothingham's Philosophy"; "Howells's Venetian Life"; International Policy"; "Murray"; "Note to Article V"; "Notices"; "Our Soldiers"; "Reid"; "Sarmiento"; "Scudder"; "Semi-Centenary."
• NORTON, GRACE. See "Alexander."
• NORTON'S LIFE OF ARCHBISHOP LAUD, reviewed by James Champlin Fernald, XCVIII (April 1864), 606-608. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• NOTE TO ARTICLE V, by C. E. Norton and John Torrey Morse, Jr., CIII (Oct. 1866), 626-634. [NorMemo.]
• NOTICES OF GILLETT'S HUSS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCIX (July 1864), 269-274. [Cushing-S; HCL; NorMemo.]
• OUR SOLDIERS, by C. E. Norton, XCIX (July 1864), 172-204. [Cushing-S; HCL; NorMemo.]
• PALFREY'S HISTORY OF NEW ENGLAND, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CII (April 1866), 638-640. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• PARKMAN'S FRANCE AND ENGLAND, reviewed by Lowell, CI (Oct. 1865), 625-628. [Cushing-A and -C; HCL; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• PARSON'S FIRST CANTICLE OF THE DIVINE COMEDY, reviewed by Lowell CVI (Jan. 1868), 348-349. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• PARTON'S GENERAL BUTLER IN NEW ORLEANS, reviewed by Francis Winthrop Palfrey, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 261-264. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• PASSAGES FROM THE AMERICAN NOTEBOOKS, reviewed by Lowell, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 323-325. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• PEABODY'S CHRISTIANITY THE RELIGION OF NATURE, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 277. [None of the sources lists this item.]
• PEABODY'S POSITIVE PHILOSOPHY, reviewed by Chauncey Wright, CVI (Jan. 1868), 285-294. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• PERKINS'S ITALIAN SCULPTORS, reviewed by James Elliot Cabot, CVIII (April 1869), 674-675. [Cushing-S; HCL.]
• POEMS OF ROBERT LOWELL, reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (April 1864), 617. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• POND, GEORGE EDWARD. See "Mechanics."
• POOLE'S JOHNSON'S WONDER-WORKING PROVIDENCE, reviewed by Charles Deane, CVI (Jan. 1868), 319-330. [Cushing-A; HCL.]

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228




• PRESENT ASPECT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, THE. Supplemented by "A Note to Article Five," which see.
• PROPERTY RIGHTS OF MARRIED WOMEN, THE, reviewed by W. G. Colburn, XCIX (July 1864), 34-64. [Cushing-S; HCL; NorMemo.]
• PROVINCIAL ACTS AND RESOLVES OF MASSACHUSETTS BAY, reviewed by John Gorham Palfrey, CXI (July 1870), 236-245. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• PUBLICATIONS OF THE NARRAGANSETT CLUB, reviewed by Charles Deane, CVI (April 1868), 673-689. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• PUBLICATIONS OF THE TRACT SOCIETY, reviewed by Charles Timothy Brooks, C (April 1865), 614-619. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• PUNCHARD'S HISTORY OF CONGREGATIONALISM, reviewed by William Ladd Ropes, CII (Jan. 1866), 291-293. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• RALSTON'S SONGS OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE, CXV (July 1872), 231-234. [Listed but not identified in Cushing-S; in HCL the inscription "H. Adams?" on this and the preceding review has been crossed out.]
• REID'S AFTER THE WAR, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CV (Oct. 1867), 695-696. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• REPORT OF THE BOARD OF STATE CHARITIES, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 602-604. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• RIDER'S LYRA ANGLICANA, reviewed by Lowell, C (Jan. 1865), 303-304. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• RITTER'S COMPARATIVE GEOGRAPHY, reviewed by Daniel Coit Gilman, CI (July 1865), 267-269. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• ROBINSON'S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, reviewed by Daniel Coit Gilman, CI (July 1865), 269-271. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• ROBY'S LATIN GRAMMAR, reviewed by James Bradstreet Greenough, CXIV (Jan. 1872), 218-222. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH AND FREE THOUGHT, THE, reviewed by Henry Charles Lea, CVI (April 1868), 723-725. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• SABIN'S BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA, reviewed by Charles Deane, CVI (Jan. 1868), 345-346. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• SABIN'S REPRINTS, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CII April 1866), 641-644. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• SANITARY COMMISSION, THE, by Henry Whitney Bellows, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 153-194. [This is the first of two articles with the same title; the second was published in the next issue, April, 1864, pp. 370-419. Cushing-S and -A and HCL all attribute both installments to Dr. Elisha Harris. The first, however, is by Bellows. Norton, in his memoranda for the January issue, notes that he has written Bellows asking for the article and he later records a payment to Bellows for it. Harris reprinted the second installment (Boston, 1864). Norton made no notes on the April issue.]
• SARMIENTO'S LAS ESCUELAS, reviewed by Charles Ammi Cutter (?), CIII (Oct. 1866), 622-623. [Cushing-S and -C, and HCL attribute this to Norton, but NorMemo specifically assigns this, instead of "Murray" (which see) to Cutter.]
• SCIENCE OF KNOWLEDGE, THE, reviewed by James Elliot Cabot, CVI (April 1868), 737-742. [Cushing-A; HCL (initials only); NorMemo.]
• SCUDDER'S LIFE AND LETTERS, reviewed by C.E. Norton (?), XCIX (Oct. 1864), 629-630. [NorMemo groups Critical Notices Nos. 13-18 (of which this is one) as written by Norton and Lowell; Cushing-C and HCL attribute this to Norton; Cushing-S attributes it to Lowell, but it is omitted in all Lowell bibliographies.]
• SEDGWICK, ARTHUR GEORGE. See "Fifteen."
• SEELEY'S LIVY. See "Gage."
• SEMI-CENTENARY OF THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW, by C. E. Norton and/or Lowell (?), appendix to Jan. 1865 issue (C, 315-330). [There is no evidence of authorship except for the references in the article to the "editors," which would seem to indicate that both Norton and Lowell prepared this history and statement. In a work sheet for this issue Norton listed, by number only, Lowell's name as author of two proposed articles. This was quite unusual, and as Lowell was the author of only one other article in the issue as published, this could be the other. Such evidence is very tenuous, however, for several changes were made in the original plans.]
• SHEDD'S HISTORY OF CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE, by Frederic Henry Hedge and Ezra Abbot, XCVIII (April 1864), 567-576. [Cushing-S attributes this to Hedge and Abbot as joint authors, while Cushing-A is contradictory in giving it separately and entirely to each man. HCL in this case seems to have some authority for attributing all of the review to Hedge with the exception of the passage attributed to Abbot, beginning at p. 572, 1. 31 and ending at the paragraph break on p. 574.]
• SHURTLEFF'S DESCRIPTION OF BOSTON, reviewed by John Gorham Palfrey, CXIII (July 1871), 221-223. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• SIBLEY'S NOTICES, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, CII (Jan. 1866), 318. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• SMITH, CHARLES CARD. See "Greene's American."
• SPRAGUE'S ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN PULPIT, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, CI (July 1865), 285-288. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• STEDMAN'S ALICE OF MONMOUTH, reviewed by Lowell, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 292-293.

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  [Cushing-C; HCL; confirmed in Lowell bibliographies.]
• STEWART'S GEOGRAPHY FOR BEGINNERS, reviewed by Arthur George Sedgwick, CI (July 1865), 264-266. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• STITH'S HISTORY OF VIRGINIA, reviewed by John Appleton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 604-606. [Cushing-A; HCL; Nor Memo.]
• STODDARD'S MELODIES AND MADRIGALS, reviewed by Lowell, CII (April 1866), 644. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• SULLIVANT'S ICONES MUSCORUM, reviewed by Asa Gray, C (Jan. 1865), 298-299. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• SWINBURNE'S LAUS VENERIS, reviewed by Lowell or Bayard Taylor, CIV (Jan. 1867), 287-292. [Although Cushing-S and -A and HCL attribute this important review to Taylor, there is fairly conclusive evidence, which I shall publish separately, that it is by Lowell.]
• TAYLOR, [James] Bayard. See "Swinburne."
• TENNYSON'S ENOCH ARDEN, XCIX (Oct. 1864), 626. See "Frothingham's Philosophy."
• TENNYSON'S ENOCH ARDEN, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (Jan. 1865), 305-307. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• THOMAS'S BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, reviewed by Daniel Coit Gilman, CXIV (April 1872), 408-413. [Cushing-A; HCL.]
• TORREY, HENRY WARREN. See "Jacobs."
• TROLLOPE'S LINDISFARN CHASE, reviewed by Henry James, Jr., C (Jan. 1865), 277-278. [Cushing-A; HCL attributes the notices preceding and following this to James, but there is no inscription on this. Collected in Notes and Reviews.]
• TUCKERMAN'S AMERICA AND HER COMMENTATORS, XCIX (Oct. 1864), 624-626. See "Frothingham's Philosophy."
• TWO LEGACIES, THE [by Georgina Lowell Putnam] reviewed by C. E. Norton, XCVIII (Jan. 1864), 294-295. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• UPHAM ON THE REBELLION, reviewed by Andrew Preston Peabody, XCVIII (April 1864), 613. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• USES OF THE STUDY OF HISTORY, reviewed by Lowell, CVIII (Jan. 1869), 326-327. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• VENN'S LOGIC OF CHANCE, reviewed by Charles Sanders Peirce, CV (July 1867), 317-321. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]
• WALKER, FRANCIS AMASA. See "Legal."
• WET DAYS AT EDGEWOOD, reviewed by John Richard Dennett, C (April 1865), 626-629. [Cushing-A; HCL. This is the only item in the April issue left blank in NorMemo.]
• WHITE'S SHAKESPEARE, reviewed by Lowell, CI (Oct. 1865), 629-631. [Cushing-C. In HCL the last three notices are marked by one initial only—"N" for Norton, on Nos. 16 and 17, and "L" for Lowell (?) on No. 18. NorMemo, which confirms Cushing and HCL in all other attributions for this issue, leaves the last notice, listed by number, blank.]
• WHITTIER'S SNOWBOUND, reviewed by Lowell, CII (April 1866), 631-632. [Cushing-S; HCL has "Anon."; Lowell's authorship is confirmed in Cooke's bibliography but not in Scudder's.]
• WIGHT'S NATIONAL ACADEMY OF DESIGN, reviewed by C. E. Norton, CIII (Oct. 1866), 586-589. [Cushing-C; HCL; NorMemo.]
• WORKS OF FRANCIS BACON, THE, reviewed by C. E. Norton, C (Jan. 1865), 266-267. [Cushing-C; HCL.]
• WRIGHT'S REPLY TO . . . LORING, reviewed by Charles Creighton Hazewell, CV (July 1867), 331. [Cushing-A; HCL; NorMemo.]

Notes