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Dictionary of the History of Ideas

Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas
2 occurrences of Ancients and Moderns in the Eighteenth Century
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2 occurrences of Ancients and Moderns in the Eighteenth Century
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Substantive Theories. J. B. Bossuet, Discours sur l'histoire
universelle
(Paris, 1681; reprint, 1925). H. T. Buckle, The
History of Civilisation in England,
2 vols. (London,
1857-61). G. W. F. Hegel, Vorlesungen über die Philosophie
der Geschichte
(Berlin, 1837); trans. J. Sibree as Lectures
on the Philosophy of History
(New York, 1944). I. Kant, “Idee
zu einer allgemeinen Geschichte in weltbürgerlicher
Absicht” (Berlin, 1784); trans. W. Hastie as “The Idea of
a Universal Cosmo-Political History,” in Kant, Eternal Peace
and Other International Essays
(Boston, 1914). K. Marx and
F. Engels, Selected Works, 2 vols. (Moscow, 1950); idem,
The German Ideology (1845-46), ed. R. Pascal, trans, W.
Lough and C. P. Magill (London, 1938; reprint, 1965).
J. S. Mill, A System of Logic (London, 1843), Book VI. G. V.
Plekhanov, In Defence of Materialism, trans. A. Rothstein
(London, 1947). A. Toynbee, A Study of History, 10 vols.
(Oxford and New York, 1934-54; also reprints). G. Vico,
Scienza nuova, 3rd ed. (Naples, 1744); trans. T. G. Bergin
and M. H. Fisch as The New Science of Giambattista Vico
(Ithaca, 1948; 1968).

Critical and Analytical Works. I. Berlin, Historical In-
evitability
(Oxford, 1954). J. B. Bury, Selected Essays (Cam-
bridge, 1930). E. H. Carr, What is History? (New York, 1962).
Morris Cohen, The Meaning of Human History (Lasalle, Ill.,
1944). R. G. Collingwood, The Idea of History (Oxford,
1946). B. Croce, Teoria e storia della storiografia (Bari, 1917);
trans. D. Ainslie as History—Its Theory and Practice (New
York, 1921). W. Dilthey, Gesammelte Schriften (Stuttgart,
1957-60); extracts from Dilthey's writings on history are
in Meaning in History, trans. and ed. H. P. Rickman (London
and New York, 1961). W. H. Dray, Laws and Explanation
in History
(Oxford, 1957). P. L. Gardiner, The Nature of
Historical Explanation
(Oxford, 1952). C. G. Hempel, “The
Function of General Laws in History,” The Journal of Philos-
ophy,
39 (1942). Ernest Nagel, The Structure of Science (New
York, 1961), esp. Chs. 13-15. K. R. Popper, The Poverty of
Historicism
(London, 1957); idem, Open Society and its
Enemies,
4th rev. ed., 2 vols. (Princeton, 1963), esp. Vol.
II. M. White, Foundations of Historical Knowledge (New
York, 1965). P. Winch, The Idea of a Social Science (London,
1958).

Anthologies. W. H. Dray, ed., Philosophical Analysis and
History
(New York, 1966). P. L. Gardiner, ed., Theories of
History
(Glencoe, 1959). S. Hook, ed., Philosophy and His-
tory: A Symposium
(New York, 1963). H. Meyerhoff, ed.,
The Philosophy of History in Our Time (New York, 1959).

PATRICK GARDINER

[See also Causation; Chance; Determinism in History; Free
Will; Hegelian; Historicism; Historiography; Necessity;
Positivism; Progress.]