 | Catalogue of the University of Virginia |  |
STATEMENT
OF THE
TERMS OF ADMISSION,
Courses of Instruction, Expenses, &c.,
AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA.
MATRICULATION.
To be admitted as a student of the University, the applicant must
be at least sixteen years of age; but the Faculty may dispense with
this requirement, in favor of one who has a brother, of the requisite
age, entering at the same time.
If the applicant for admission has been a student at any other
incorporated seminary, he must produce a certificate from such
seminary, or other satisfactory evidence of general good conduct.
There is no prescribed course of studies in this institution. Every
student may select the schools he will attend; but, in the academic
department, he is required to attend at least three, unless, upon the
written request of his parent or guardian, or for good cause shown,
the Faculty shall allow him to attend less than three.
Students are permitted to exchange schools, with transfer of fees,
within one week after admission; thereafter, no exchange is allowed,
except by leave of the Faculty, and then without transfer of fees.
The session commences on the first of October, and continues,
without interruption, until the Thursday before the fourth day of
July.
The mode of instruction is by lectures and text-books, accompanied
by daily examinations.
LITERARY DEPARTMENT.
I.—SCHOOL OF LATIN.
PROF. PETERS.
The subjects taught in this School are the Latin Language and
Literature, with the history of Rome. The School is divided into
two classes, Junior and Senior.
The Text-books are—
1. Junior Class—Cæsar, Virgil, Terence, Ovid, Sallust.
2. Senior Class—Cicero, Horace, Livy, Juvenal, Tacitus.
Grammars.—Zumpt's, Gildersleeve's, Harrison's Exposition of
the Laws of the Latin Language.
Lexicons.—Andrew's, or Freund's Leverett.
History.—Browne's Roman Literature, Liddell's Rome, Long's
Atlas.
Instruction is given by Lectures and by Examination upon the
portions of text assigned for recitation. The exercises of rendering
Latin into English, and English into Latin, in writing, constitute
a prominent feature in the course. In addition to the portions
of the several authors read in the Lecture Room, a course of extra
and parallel reading is required in each class.
Sanskrit -The Professor of Latin will also give instruction in
Sanskrit.
Text-Books—Monier Williams' Grammar, Yates' Lexicon, selections
from the Mahâ-Bhârata.
II.—SCHOOL OF GREEK.
PROF. GILDERSLEEVE.
The School is divided into three classes: Junior, Intermediate and
Senior.
The Junior Class is intended especially for those who desire to
make a thorough review of the inflections and to acquire a practical
familiarity with the great principles of the language. The only
author read in this class is Xenophon.
Grammar.—Kühner's Elementary.
The authors read in the Intermediate Class are principally: Lysias,
Xenophon, Herodotus, Homer and Demosthenes; and in the Senior,
Thucydides, Sophocles, Euripides and Plato.
Grammars.—Hadley's and Kühner's.
Liddell and Scott's Lexicon, Smith's History of Greece, Browne's
Greek Literature.
A private course of parallel and preparatory reading is also prescribed
for each class.
The Post Graduate Department has been instituted for the benefit
of graduates and others, who wish to pursue a more extended
course of reading. The authors read in this department are such
as are either by their form or subjects less suited for the regular
school, e. g., Æschylus, Aristophanes and Aristotle.
Hebrew.—The Professor of Greek will also give instruction in
Hebrew whenever the demand for such instruction is sufficient to
make the institution of a course of lectures expedient.
Grammar—Deutsch's.
III.—SCHOOL OF MODERN LANGUAGES.
PROF. SCHELE DEVERE.
The subjects taught in this school are:
1. The French, German, Italian and Spanish languages.
2. The Literature of these languages, and the History of each
idiom, embracing the general principles of the formation and growth
of languages, and of Comparative Grammar and Philology.
3. The Anglo-Saxon language, and, in connection with it, the
History and Laws of the English language.
Graduation in French and German is required for the degree
of A. M.
Text-Books.—French—Junior Class—The Professor's Grammar
and First Reader, Télémaque, Charles XII.
Senior Class—The Professor's Advanced Grammar, Reader,
Molière, Racine, Voltaire, Saintine's Picciola, Spiers and Surenne's
Dictionary.
German.—Junior Class—Otto's Grammar, small Dictionary,
Schiller's William Tell.
Senior Class—Otto's Grammar, Adler's Dictionary, Schiller's
Works, Gœthe's Autobiography, Jean Paul's Walt and Wult.
Spanish.—The Professor's Grammar, Seoane's Dictionary, Velasquez'
Reader, Don Quixote, Calderon's El Principe Constante.
Italian.—Bacchi's Grammar, Monti's Reader, Manzoni's I Promessi
Sposi, Tasso's Gerusalemme Liberata, Pellico's Le Mie Prigioni,
Dictionary.
Anglo-Saxon.—Shute's Manual of Anglo-Saxon, The Professor's
Studies in English.
IV.—SCHOOL OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY.
PROF. McGUFFEY.
Books requisite for the class in Mental Philosophy:
1. Hamilton's Lectures on Metaphysics.
2. Hamilton's Lectures on Logic.
3. Cousin's True, Beautiful and Good.
4. Jouffroy's Ethics.
5. Stewart's Active and Moral Powers.
6. Alexander's Moral Science.
7. Butler's Analogy and Sermons.
Three lectures each week are given.
V.—SCHOOL OF HISTORY, GENERAL LITERATURE
AND RHETORIC.
PROFESSOR HOLMES.
This School is divided into two distinct classes, one of History,
and one of Literature and Rhetoric. To each, two Lectures in the
week are regularly devoted; but exercises in literary composition are
required from the members of the Literary class. Each study may
be pursued separately.
In the Historical Class the successions, revolutions and various
aspects of the principal nations of the world are considered in such a
manner as to afford a general and connected view of the progress
of political and social organizations. Institutions and laws are noted
as the manifestations of different phases of society; an attempt is
made to discover and elucidate the conditions of historical advancement
and to refer the changes of nations and governments to the
operation of regular principles.
In the abs nce of appropriate text-books, the following are employed
for study and reference:
Schmitz's Manual of Ancient History; Smith's History of Greece;
Gibbon Abridged by Smith; Taylor's Manual of Modern History.
For reference: Long's Ancient Atlas; Appleton's (College) Atlas,
or Chamber's Atlas; Blair's Chronology, (Bohn's edition.)
In the Class of Literature and Rhetoric, the English Language,
English Composition, Rhetoric and the English Classics, with the
History of English Literature, are studied.
The origin, growth and philological peculiarities of the Language
will be considered; the various influences, domestic and external,
by which it has been brought to its present condition, will be
explained; the general principles of Rhetoric and Criticism will be
taught; the lives of the most eminent authors in the language will
examination and appreciation of their chief productions will occupy
much of the time of the student. The class will also be required
to practise Literary Composition.
Text-Books in this department are very deficient. The following
will be used for the present:
Angus's Hand Book of the English Tongue; Jamieson's Grammar
of Rhetoric; Shaw's Complete Manual of English Literature,
Ed. Smith and Tuckerman; Student's Specimens of English Literature,
Ed. Shaw and Smith, London.
Shakspeare's Complete Works; Milton's Poetical Works.
POLITICAL ECONOMY.
In the Class of Political Economy, temporarily connected with
this school, the Text-Books heretofore and still used are Say's Political
Economy, Mill's (J. S.) Political Economy. Two Lectures
a week are given.
SCIENTIFIC DEPARTMENT.
VI.—SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS.
PROFESSOR VENABLE.
In this school there are four classes:
In the first, or Junior Class, the subjects of study are Arithmetic
and Theory of Notation, Algebra, Geometry and Geometrical Conic
Sections. Though Algebra and Geometry are commenced in this
class, it is very desirable that those who enter it should have previously
pursued the study of Algebra through equations of the
second degree, and of Geometry through the first four books of
Legendre.
In the second, or Intermediate Class, the subjects of study are
Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, with applications to Navigation
and Nautical Astronomy, Descriptive Geometry, Analytical Geometry
of two Dimensions and Theory of Equations.
In the third, or Senior Class, the subjects of study are Analytical
Geometry of three dimensions, the Differential and Integral Calculus,
and Calculus of Variations. Lectures are given to this class
on the History and Philosophy of Mathematics.
The fourth class, that of Mixed Mathematics, is designed for
the benefit of such of the more advanced students as may desire to
prosecute their studies beyond the limits of Pure Mathematics.
The course embraces the mathematical investigation of the general
laws of equilibrium and motion, both of solids and fluids, with a
variety of applications, especially to Physical Astronomy.
The instruction in each class is conveyed partly by lectures and
partly by the systematic study of approved text-books, the student
being assisted by full and frequent explanations from the Professor,
and being constantly subjected to rigid examinations. The progress
of the student in every class is also tested by his being required to
perform written exercises, in which the principles acquired are
applied to the solution of particular problems.
Any student entering the school has the privilege of attending all
or any of the classes, as he may select, and if prepared to enter an
advanced class, may often find it highly advantageous to review his
previous studies by attendance on a lower class also.
Text-Books.—1. Junior Class—Todhunter's Algebra, Legendre's
Geometry, Taylor's Conic Sections.
2. Intermediate Class—Snowball's Trigonometry, Church's Descriptive
Geometry, Puckle's Conic Sections and Algebraic Geometry.
3. Senior Class—Courtenay's Calculus.
4. Class of Mixed Mathematics—Pratt's Mechanical Philosophy.
In this school a prize has been established by the authority of the
Board of Visitors, consisting of a gold medal, named in honor of the
late Professor Courtenay This prize is given for the best original
solutions of problems proposed at competitive examinations held
during the session in the Senior Class.
VII.—SCHOOL OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
PROFESSOR SMITH.
There are three classes in this school.
1. The Junior or General Class, which meets three times each
week throughout the session of nine months. The object of the
course of lectures to this class is to furnish the student with a comprehensive
view of Modern Physics, and to make him familiar with
its methods of investigation. With the design of laying a thoroughly
scientific basis for the course, a large space is given at the outset to
the discussion of the cardinal doctrines of motion and force. These
doctrines are established, and their leading consequences are traced,
without the use of mathematical symbols. Guided by these truths,
the teacher discusses, in the light of experiment, the structure of
matter according to the received atomic hypotheses, and the equilibrium
applications, occupy the first half of the course of lectures.
The remainder of the course is devoted to Molecular Physics, and
treats of Capillarity, Osmose, Wave Motion, Sound, Light, Heat
and Electricity. In this, as in the previous portion of the lectures,
the established laws of motion and force are kept steadily in view,
and an attempt is made so to present and discuss the phenomena as
to convince the student that the entire body of Physics is a coherent
and harmonious system of mechanical truth. Throughout the session
constant reference is had to the wants of students in the several
departments of Applied Science.
Text-Book.—Silliman's Physics.
2. The Senior Class—This class meets twice a week, and studies
Mechanics and Astronomy.
Text-Books.—Jackson's or Smith's Mechanics, Norton's Astronomy.
MINERALOGY AND GEOLOGY.
3. These subjects are assigned to a separate class, which the members
of the other classes in the school may attend without payment
of an additional fee. In this class the lectures commence with General
Mineralogy, which is treated with especial reference to Geology,
to which it is designed to be an introduction. In the lectures on
Geology, the specific identity of ancient and modern Geological
causes is pointed out; the present action of these causes, whether
atmospheric, aqueous or igneous, is considered, and their effects in the
past history of our planet are examined. The illustrations are
drawn, as far as practicable, from the Geological structure of Virginia.
The students have an opportunity of familiarizing themselves
with the minerals, rocks and fossils exhibited in the lectures.
Text-Books.—Dana's Manuals of Mineralogy and Geology.
VIII.—SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY.
PROFESSOR MAUPIN.
The course of lectures in this school commences with an exposition
of the phenomena and laws of Heat, Light and Electricity, to
the extent rendered necessary by their relations to Chemistry.
The subject of Inorganic Chemistry is then taken up. The nomenclature,
chemical symbols and notation are explained, and the
history of the non-metallic elements, and their combinations with
each other, very fully presented. Then follows a discussion of the
general principles of Chemical Philosophy, including the laws of
Combination, the Atomic Theory and Theory of Volumes, and
Simple and Current Affinity.
The consideration of the Metals comes next in order. After preliminary
notices of their general properties they are taken up individually
and very fully considered, together with their compounds,
with the non-metallic elements and their saline combinations.
The concluding part of the course is devoted to Organic Chemistry,
embracing the consideration of Organic Analysis; the Neutral
Principles and their transformations by the action of ferments and
other agencies; the Doctrine of Compound Radicals; the various
in which such radicals have been traced; the Vegetable
Acids; the Alkaloids, &c.
The processes for detecting Poisons, and the means of counteracting
their effects, are presented in their proper connections; and
throughout the course the applications of the facts and principles of
the science to Medicine, Agriculture and the Arts are duly noticed.
Books recommended.—Fownes' Chemistry, as a text-book; Graham's
Elements, Regnault's Elements, Miller's Elements, and Abel
& Bloxam's Hand Book of Chemistry, for reference.
IX.—SCHOOL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS, ENGINEERING
AND ARCHITECTURE.
ADJUNCT PROFESSOR BŒCK.
The school is divided into three classes.
1. Junior Class—Theory and use of Engineering Instruments,
Land Surveying and Levelling, Construction of Roads, Railroads
and Canals, Elements of Spherical Astronomy and Geodesy, General
Theory of Projections, Orthogonal Oblique and Axonometric
Projections, Field Practice, Topographical Drawing, Constructive
and Free-hand Drawing, Drawing of Ornaments, etc.
Text-Books.—Mahan's Civil Engineering. Notes of the Professor.
2. Intermediate Class—Higher Geodesy and Spherical Astronomy,
Building and Architecture, Theory of Building Materials,
Foundations, Masonry and Framing, Strength of Materials and its
practical application to entire Constructions, Theory of Arches and
Domes, Construction of Roofs, Bridges and Tunnels, Private and
Public Buildings, Warming and Ventilation of Buildings, Perspective,
Shades and Shadows, Stone Cutting, Orders and Styles of Architecture,
Free-hand Drawing continued, Drawing, Shading and
Coloring of Architectural Details and of Entire Buildings, Architectural
Design.
Text-Books.—Brunnow's Spherical Astronomy. Notes of the
Professor.
3. Senior Class—Theory of Machinery and Machines, Steam Engine,
Hydraulic Engineering, Mining Engineering, Drainage,
Projection of Maps, Free-hand Drawing continued, Mechanical
Drawing and Design.
Text-Books.—Weisbach's Theory of Machines. Notes of the
Professor.
X.—SCHOOL OF ANALYTICAL AND INDUSTRIAL
CHEMISTRY.
PROFESSOR MALLET.
This school having been created recently in order to carry out a
part of the design of the Board of Visitors in reference to the growing
demand for scientific knowledge in its applications to the useful
arts, the endeavor is made to render the teachings of the Chair as
practical as possible, while basing them upon sound principles of general
science.
The system of instruction consists of a course of Lectures upon
Technical Chemistry, and a course of Practical Work in the Chemical
Laboratory.
A.—Lectures.
In connection with this course there is but one class, the students
attending which hear three lectures each week throughout the
session.
Amongst the more prominent subjects discussed are: The production
of Materials of very general application, including the
Metallurgy of Iron, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Tin, Silver, Gold, &c.,
the preparation and properties of Alloys, and the processes of
Electro-Metallurgy, the manufacture upon the large scale of
Acids, Alkalies, Salts, Glass and Porcelain; the production and
preservation of Food, including the Chemistry of Agriculture, the
processes of Bread Making, Wine Making, Brewing and Distilling,
the manufacture of Sugar and Vinegar, the curing of Meat, the
examination of Potable Water, &c.; Chemical arts relating to
Clothing, such as Bleaching, Dyeing, Calico Printing, Tanning
and the preparation of Indian Rubber; the Chemistry of those arts
which afford us Shelter, embracing the examination of Building
Materials, Lime Burning, the manufacture of Mortar and Cements
the Explosive Agents used in blasting, as Gunpowder, Gun
Cotton, Nitro-Glycerine, &c., Paints and Varnishes, Disinfecting
Materials, &c.; Heating and Ventilation, the different kinds of
Fuel and modes of Burning them; Illumination by artificial
means, Candles, Lamps, the preparation of Petroleum, the manufacture
of Illuminating Gas, Matches; the Chemistry of Washing,
the preparation of Soap, Starch and Perfumes; the Chemical
Artists' Colors, Photographic Materials, &c.
The lectures are illustrated by suitable experiments, and by such
specimens, models, drawings, &c., as the various subjects require.
Amongst books which can be usefully referred to in connection with
different parts of this course may be mentioned: Muspratt—Chemistry
as Applied to Arts and Manufactures; Richardson and Watts—
Chemical Technology; Ure—Dictionary of Arts and Manufactures;
Dumas—Traite de Chimie Appliquée aux Arts; Wagner—Die
Chemische Technologie; Johnston—Agricultural Chemistry.
B.—Laboratory Course.
This is arranged for three classes:
1. The First Class meets twice each week during the session, on
each occasion spending from two to four hours in practical experiment
in the Laboratory. A regularly arranged course of practice
in Chemical Manipulation is first pursued; Qualitative Analysis is
then taken up, and, the means of detecting the most important chemical
substances having been learned, students are required to find
out for themselves by analysis the constituents of unknown materials
presented to them. Special attention is given to substances having
useful applications in the Arts or connected with Agriculture. Towards
the close of the session the elements of Quantitative Analysis
are taught, so far as the limitation of time will permit.
2. The Laboratory will be open to the Second Class on five days
of each week during the whole of the working hours of each day.
A full course of instruction in Practical Chemistry, including the
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ores, Soils, Manures,
Technical Products, &c., will be given; and students will be
assisted and encouraged to undertake original research.
3. The Third Class is one specially intended for students of
Medicine, and will meet for lessons of two hours each once in the
week for four months of the session. To this class the practical
applications of Chemistry to Medicine will be taught—the detection
of Poisons, chemical and microscopical examination of Animal
Products, urine, blood, &c.
Amongst the works recommended to laboratory students are:
Presenius—Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis; H. Rose—
Handbuch der analytischen Chemie (also in French translation);
Greville Williams—Handbook of Chemical Manipulation; Wöhler—Examples
for Practice in Chemical Analysis; Bolley—Handbuch
der technisch-chemishen Untersuchungen; Odling—Practical
Chemistry for Medical Students.
The Diploma of Graduate in this school will be conferred upon
such students as attend with diligence the Course of Lectures and
the First and Second Classes of Laboratory Instruction, and give
For the requirements in this school for the degrees in Mining and
Civil Engineering, &c., reference is made to the general notice of
Degrees.
The present Annual Catalogue of the University should not appear
without some notice of the very ample and liberal provision
which has been made by the Board of Visitors for the material means
of illustration of the teachings of this Chair. A new Laboratory
building, of one hundred and twenty feet in length by forty-five feet
in width, specially designed for the purposes it is to serve, has been
erected, and is rapidly approaching completion. It contains twelve
rooms—a lecture-room, rooms for general analytical work, for furnace
operations, for evaporations and experiments with gases, balance
rooms, private laboratory, store-rooms for apparatus and reagents,
&c.—is fitted with double windows for the preservation of
uniform temperature, and will be amply supplied with gas, water and
all proper laboratory fixtures. Large orders have been sent to England,
France and Germany for all necessary apparatus, for chemicals,
minerals, models, &c., and for specimens illustrating the
various arts and manufactures as practiced on the great scale. It
is expected that in March, 1869, the building and its contents will
be fully ready for use, when it may safely be said that the University
of Virginia will in this department be inferior in material preparation
for instruction to no institution of learning in America, and in
some respects will probably be superior to any.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.
XI.—SCHOOL OF MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, OBSTETRICS
AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE.
PROFESSOR HARRISON, M. D.
Text-books.—Taylor's Medical Jurisprudence, Meigs' Obstetrics,
and Flint's Practice, 2d edition.
XII.—SCHOOL OF COMPARATIVE ANATOMY,
PHYSIOLOGY AND SURGERY.
PROFESSOR CABELL, M. D.
Text-books.—Dalton's Physiology and Druitt's Modern Surgery.
XIII.—SCHOOL OF ANATOMY, MATERIA MEDICA
AND BOTANY.
PROFESSOR DAVIS, M. D.
Text-books.—Wilson's Anatomy and Wood's Therapeutics.
XIV.—SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY.
PROFESSOR MAUPIN, M D.
Text-books.—Fownes' Chemistry and Parrish's Pharmacy.
DEMONSTRATOR OF ANATOMY.
J. E. CHANCELLOR, M. D.
The Medical Faculty invite the attention of physicians to the peculiar
features of the Medical Department of this Institution.
1. Length of Session.—Nearly all the Medical Schools of this
country are located in our cities or large towns, and have only a
nominal connexion with the colleges from which they borrow their
names and chartered privileges. In these schools the usual length
of a session is from four to five months. In order to embrace all
the important branches of Medical Science in a course of instruction
compressed into so short a term, it is found necessary to employ the
services of six or seven Professors, who deliver six lectures a day.
Under this arrangement, the students, if they take all the tickets,
are required to spend nearly the whole of the day in listening to
lectures delivered in rapid succession and treating of diverse topics.
None but those who have had personal experience in this matter can
fully appreciate the troubles and difficulties which beset a student
when he first enters the school, the fatigue of body and perplexity
of mind which he inevitably experiences in his painful efforts to
hear every lecture and master every subject. In attempting, after
the close of the lectures for the day, to bring in review the topics
discussed by his teachers, he finds links in the chain here and there
broken; he flies from one subject to another, without adequately
mastering any, and confounded by their number, and the utter
impossibility of keeping pace, in his private reading at night, with
the lectures of six Professors, he despairs of doing more than
retaining such portion of the facts stated in the lectures as may
happen to make the strongest impression on his mind.
In the Medical Department of this Institution, the length of the
session, which is nine months, enables four Professors to perform all
the duties which are elsewhere assigned to six. The students attend
but two lectures a day, and thus have ample time for private reading
and for pursuing their Anatomical dissections. The supply of sub-
afternoon to his duties. He guides the labor of those who are at
work, and explains to them the structures which are successively
exposed,
2. System of Daily Examinations.—Immediately before each
lecture, the students in every school of the University are subjected
to a rigid examination on the subject of the preceding lecture, or on
portions of some approved text-book. Experience has shown that
this is an almost indispensable adjunct to the system of teaching by
lectures; and the recognition of its importance is so general, that
students in other Medical Schools, where its efficient introduction is
precluded by want of time, often resort to the expedient of employing
the services of private instructors by whom they may be
examined at night on the topics discussed each day in the lecture room.
The fee paid by the students for this necessary, but extra-collegiate
instruction, varies from $30 to $50 for the term of lectures, and is
usually about $100 for the whole year.
The enactments of the University prescribe that no Professor
shall engage in pursuits unconnected with its service, or shall receive
from the members of his class any compensation besides that
provided for by the laws. They further require every Professor to
reside within the precincts, for the purpose both of assisting to
enforce the discipline of the college, and of being accessible to the
students who may seek aid in their hours of private study. These
students, then, enjoy advantages here which elsewhere are purchased
at a high price over and above the necessary collegiate
expenses.
3. Order of Studies.—All medical colleges aim to place medical
education on a scientific basis. Indeed, if the practice of the healing
art is not based on general principles, embodied in the fundamental
sciences of Anatomy, Chemistry, Physiology Pathology
and Therapeutics, these branches of medical science might as well
be omitted in a course of Professional education. If, however, this
relation does exist, the propriety and necessity of laying a good
foundation before the superstructure can be reared, are too obvious
to need illustration. This cannot be done in schools where the
courses on the different branches of medicine are carried on simultaneously.
Their system assumes that the students have "read,"
as it is termed, with a preceptor for a year, at least, before they
commence their attendance on lectures. Such, however, is not
always the case, and when it occurs, is of comparatively little benefit;
for the paramount duties of the practitioner absorb his time,
and the fundamental branches of medical science are precisely those
demanding for their illustration the appliances which are only to be
found within the walls of Colleges. The Anatomical Department,
large paintings, executed to order, with great fidelity and beauty.
It is one of the peculiar advantages of the University Medical
School, that it unites, as may have been inferred from the preceding
remarks, the plan of instruction by private pupilage with that of
public lectures; while the length of the session enables the Pro
fessor to pursue a philosophical order of studies, and thus to afford the
students an opportunity of mastering the elementary branches before
attention is directed to their practical application.
4. Conditions of Graduation.—The regulations for graduation
elsewhere require that the students shall have attended two full
courses of Medical lectures, and shall have been the private pupil,
for at least a year, of a respectable practitioner of Medicine. At
this University, a consecutive course of nine months being at least
equivalent to two courses in most other schools, in respect to the
time employed and the advantageous distribution of the subjects
of study, the students are permitted to take their diplomas at the
end of one session, if they show themselves qualified. The severity
of the examinations deters a large majority of the class from making
the trial, and none but the perseveringly diligent attain the honor.
The importance of the advantages thus claimed for the Medical
Department of this Institution has been tested by the experience of
forty years, during which several thousand medical students have
been educated here.
5. It will be noticed that those students who prefer taking their
diploma at a city school will yet find it highly beneficial to attend
the first course at an Institution organized on the plan of the
Medical Department of the University, where the lengthened term,
the consecutive arrangement of studies, and the thorough drilling,
prepare them to appreciate and improve the advantages they may
afterwards enjoy.
6. In addition to the usual course of Medical Lectures, a special
course, for such medical students as may desire to pursue it, of
sixteen (16) lessons in the practical applications of chemistry to
medicine (the detection of poisons, chemical and microscopic examinations
of animal products, urine, blood, &c.,) will be given by the
Professor of Applied Chemistry, at a charge of $20 tuition fee and
$5 for laboratory material consumed. Attendance on this special
course is optional with the student.
LAW DEPARTMENT.
This Department is organized with a view to acquaint the student
familiarly and practically with the principles of his profession.
The instruction is as thorough as possible, and is given partly
through text books and partly through lectures, with daily examinations
upon both.
A Moot-Court, in connection with other instruction, tends to
perfect the student in the details of practice. Under the immediate
supervision of the Professors, he is required to pronounce opinions
upon supposed cases; to devise and institute remedies, by suit or
otherwise; to conduct suits at Law and in Equity from their inception
through all their stages; to draw wills, conveyances and other
assurances; and in short to perform most of the functions of a
practising lawyer.
The Department comprises two Schools, each of which is divided
into two classes, and the course of study is as follows:
SCHOOL OF COMMON AND STATUTE LAW.
PROF. JOHN B. MINOR, L L. D.
Junior Class.—Blackstone's Commentaries, Chitty on Contracts.
Senior Class.—Stephen on Pleading, Kents Commentaries, Law
of Executors, &c.
☞ For Reference.—Virginia Code (1860); Brightley's Digest
of United States Statutes.
SCHOOL OF EQUITY, MERCANTILE AND INTERNATIONAL,
CONSTITUTIONAL AND
CIVIL LAW, AND GOVERNMENT.
PROF. S. O. SOUTHALL.
Junior Class.—Vattel's International Law, Lectures on Government,
Federalist.
Senior Class.—Smith's Mercantile Law, Greenleaf's Evidence,
Barton's Suit in Equity, Adams' Equity.
In the Department of Law, the degree of Bachelor of Law is
conferred upon those who, upon examination conducted in writing,
manifest an intimate acquaintance with the subjects taught in all the
Classes; and to those who, upon like examination, exhibit a competent
knowledge of International and Constitutional Law; and of the
Science of Government, a certificate of Proficiency is awarded.
The expenses of a Law student, as will be seen from page 42 of
Catalogue, amount to about $365 for a Session of nine months,
commencing 1st October, 1869.
LICENTIATES.
Any person of unexceptionable character and habits, upon producing
to the Faculty satisfactory evidence of suitable capacity and
attainments, will be licensed by the Faculty to form classes for
private instruction in any School of the University in aid of and in
conformity to the public teachings of the Professor upon any subject
taught therein. The employment, selection and compensation of
any such Licentiate is left to the option of the students.
SCHEME OF LECTURES.
| 8h. to 9h. | 9h. to 10h. | 10h. to 11h. | 11h. to 12½h. | 12½h. to 2h. | 3h. to 4½h. | |
| MONDAY. | Sen. Latin. Sen. Ap. Mat. 8 to 9½. | Sen. Greek. Jun. Latin. Italian. | Hist & Lit Sen. Nat. Phil. Spanish. Phys. & Surg. 9½ to 11. | Chemistry. Senior Math Junior Law. PROF. MINOR. | Sen. German. Senior Law. PROF. SOUTHALL. Jun. Greek. | Polit. Econ. Jun Math. Ap. Ch. Laboratory. |
| TUES'Y. | Jun. French. Sen Greek. | Jun. German. | Hist. & Lit. Medicine. 9½ to 11. Jun. Ap. Mat. | Jun. Nat. Phil. Anatomy. Senior Law. PROF. MINOR. | Int. Greek. Junior Law. PROF. SOUTHALL. | Moral Phil. Ap. Ch. |
| WED'DAY | Sen. Latin. Sen. Ap. Mat. 8 to 9½. | Sen. Greek. Jun. Latin. Italian. | Hist. & Lit. Sen. Nat. Phil. Spanish. Phys. & Surg. 9½ to 11. | Chemistry. Sen. Math. Junior Law. | Sen German. Senior Law. Jun. Greek. | Jun. Math. Sen. Ap. M. Ap. Ch. Laboratory. |
| THURS. | Jun. French. | Sen. French. | Hist & Lit. Medicine. 9½ to 11. Jun. Ap. Mat. | Jun. Nat. Phil. Anatomy. Senior Law. | Int. Math. Junior Law. | Moral Phil Ap. Ch. |
| FRIDAY | Sen. Latin. | Sen. Greek. Jun. Latin. Jun. Ap. Mat. | Hist & Lit. Sen. Nat. Phil. Phys. & Surg. 9½ to 11. | Chemistry. Sen. Math. Junior Law. | Int. Greek. Anglo-Saxon. Senior Law. | Polit. Econ. Jun. Math. Ap Ch. Laboratory. |
| SAT. | Jun. German | Sen. French. | Min & Geol. Medicine. 9½ to 11. | Jun. Nat. Phil. Anatomy. Senior Law. | Int. Math. Junior Law. | Moral Phil. Ap. Ch. |
EXAMINATIONS.
The examinations are of three kinds: 1, the Daily examinations;
2, the Intermediate and Final general examinations; and 3, the
examinations for Graduation.
1.—DAILY EXAMINATIONS.
Each Professor, before commencing the lecture of the day, examines
his class orally on the subject of the preceding lecture as
developed in the text-book and expounded in the lecture.
2.—GENERAL EXAMINATIONS.
Two general examinations of each class are held during the session,
in the presence of a committee of Faculty, which every student
is required to stand. The first, called the Intermediate examination,
is held about the middle of the session, and embraces in its
scope the subjects of instruction in the first half of the course.
The second, called the Final examination, is held in the closing
week of the session, and embraces the subjects treated of in the
second half of the course. These examinations are conducted in
writing. The questions propounded have, each, numerical values
attached to them. If the answers of the students are valued, in the
aggregate, at not less than three fourths of the aggregate values
assigned to the questions, he is ranked in the first division; if less
than three fourths and more than one-half, in the second division;
if less than one-half and more than one-fourth, in the third division;
and if less than one-fourth, in the fourth division.
Certificates of distinction are awarded to those who attain the first
division at one or both of these examinations, and their names are
published or announced in the closing exercises of the session.
The general examinations are sufficiently comprehensive and difficult
to render it impossible for the student, without steady diligence,
to secure a place in the first division. The results, whatever
they may be, are communicated to parents and guardians respectively,
in the final circular of the session.
The standing of the student at the daily and general examinations
is taken into account in ascertaining his qualifications for graduation
in any of the schools.
3.—EXAMINATIONS FOR GRADUATION.
The examinations for graduation are held in the last month of
the session. They are conducted, in each school, by the Professor
thereof, in the presence of two other Professors, forming with him
the committee of examination for the school.
The candidates for graduation are subjected to searching interrogations
on the details and niceties, as well as the leading principles
of the subject, and they are expected to be accurately versed in all
the topics treated of in the lectures and correlative text.
These examinations are carried on chiefly in writing; but in some
of the schools they are partly oral.
☞ As a due acquaintance with the English language is indispensable
to the attainment of even the inferior honors of the institution,
all candidates for graduation are subjected to a preliminary
examination to test their qualifications in this respect.
DEGREES.
The degrees conferred by the University are academic, professional
and scientific.
The ACADEMIC DEGREES are:
1. That of Proficient—conferred for satisfactory attainments in
certain subjects of study, to wit: in Anglo-Saxon, the Junior
and Intermediate course of Mathematics, Mineralogy and Geology,
Physics, Physiology, Medical Jurisprudence, Human Anatomy;
Botany, Political Economy, History, Literature, and International
Law and Government.
2. That of Graduate in a School—conferred for satisfactory attainments
in the leading subjects of instruction in the same, to wit:
in the Latin Language and Literature, in the Greek Language and
Literature, in the French Language and Literature, in the German
Language and Literature, Mixed Mathematics, Pure Mathematics,
Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, Moral Philosophy. History and
Literature, Applied Mathematics, and Analytical, Industrial and
Agricultural Chemistry.
3. That of Bachelor of Arts—conferred on such students as have
graduated in Latin. Greek, Chemistry, Moral Philosophy and
French or German, and have obtained certificates of proficiency in
Junior and Intermediate Mathematics, Physics and History or
Literature.
4. That of Master of Arts of the University of Virginia—conferred
upon students who have graduated in the Latin, Greek,
French and German Languages, Pure Mathematics, Natural Philosophy,
Chemistry, Moral Philosophy, and History and Literature,
and who have passed satisfactory general examinations, in review,
on all the subjects embraced in the curriculum.
The candidate for the degree of Bachelor or Master of Arts is
also required to submit to the approval of the Faculty an Essay,
composed by himself, on some subject of literature or science—
which essay must be read by the author on the Public Day, if so
ordered.
The PROFESSIONAL DEGREES are:
1. That of Bachelor of Law—conferred for satisfactory attainments
in all the subjects of instruction in the School of Law.
And,
2. That of Doctor of Medicine—conferred for satisfactory attainments
in all the subjects of instruction, except Botany, in the
several schools constituting the Medical Department.
Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, who have been
previously declared Graduates in Chemistry, or Proficients in
Anatomy, Physiology or Medical Jurisprudence, are not required to
stand the examinations on these subjects anew—and the same rule
applies to candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Law, who are
Proficients in International Law and Government.
3. That of Civil Engineer—conferred on such students as shall
have graduated in the Schools of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy,
Applied Mathematics, and Chemistry or Applied Chemistry, and
obtained a certificate of proficiency in Mineralogy and Geology.
4. That of Mining Engineer—conferred on such students as
have graduated in the Schools of Chemistry, Applied Chemistry
and Natural Philosophy, and obtained certificates of proficiency in
Junior and Intermediate Mathematics, in the prescribed course of
Applied Mathematics, and in Mineralogy and Geology.
5. That of Civil and Mining Engineer—conferred on such
students as shall have graduated in Pure Mathematics, Natural
Philosophy, including Mineralogy and Geology, Chemistry, Applied
Mathematics and Applied Chemistry.
The SCIENTIFIC DEGREE is:
That of Bachelor of Science—conferred on such students as have
graduated in the Schools of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and
Chemistry, and who are also Proficients in the Classes of Anatomy,
Physiology, Comparative Anatomy, Botany, Mineralogy and
Geology, and who have obtained distinctions in the Junior Class of
Applied Mathematics, and made satisfactory attainments in the
Laboratory Course of Analytical Chemistry.
☞ Honorary degrees are forbidden by the laws of the University.
PUBLIC DAY.
On the closing day of the session, which occurs on the Thursday
before the fourth day of July, the Visitors, Faculty, Officers and
Students of the University assemble in the Public Hall—whither
also the friends of the students and the public generally are invited.
On this occasion the results of the examinations are announced,
certificates and diplomas awarded, and addresses delivered by the
Bachelors and Masters of Arts.
EXPENSES.
The following is an estimate of the expenses of an Academic
student for the session of nine months, exclusive of the cost of textbooks.
| Matriculation and library fee | $25 |
| Room-rent, if two occupy the same room, each | 15 |
| Contingent deposit | 10 |
| Tuition fees in three schools, the usual number attended | 75 |
| Board, including diet, furniture of room and attendance | 180 |
| Deposit for fuel and lights | 35 |
| Washing, $1 50 per month—per session, say | 15 |
| Infirmary fee | 5 |
| $360 |
This statement will be slightly modified if the student enter more
or fewer schools than indicated. The charge for board may also be
considerably reduced by joining clubs formed by students, who prefer
messing together.
Law students pay $80 per session for tuition, and Medical
students $110; consequently the estimate for the former is $365,
and for the latter $395 per session.
Students in the department of Applied Mathematics pay $40 per
session for tuition.
Students in the department of Analytical and Industrial Chemistry
pay:
For the full course a fee of $100, and a charge of $25 for laboratory
material consumed;
For the course of elementary instruction a fee of $50, and a charge
of $10 for laboratory material consumed;
For the special course, for Medical students, a fee of $20, and a
charge of $5 for laboratory material consumed.
Each laboratory student—in whatever course of instruction—will
be required to furnish himself with the more common and generally
necessary articles of apparatus. The cost of a suitable set need not
exceed $15.
All the foregoing items are payable in advance, except board and
washing. One-third ($60) of the board is required on admission,
and the balance in equal instalments at three and six months thereafter.
Washing is paid for monthly, as the service is rendered.
The Contingent deposit is designed to cover contingent charges
and assessments. These are generally small. The residue of this
deposit is refunded to the student in the settlement of his account, at
the close of the session.
The Infirmary fee secures, in case of sickness, prescriptions at
the University Infirmary, and, if needed, nursing by professional
nurses, lodging, board, and medical attendance by the physicians of
the institution, free of additional charge.
No abatement is made in the matriculation and tuition fees and
room-rent, on account of late entrance, except for those who enter
after the 1st January—and no portion of the same is refunded on
account of withdrawal before the close of the session—unless the
withdrawal be rendered necessary by ill health, and occur before the
first of March. The charges for board, fuel and lights and washing
are estimated from the time of entrance. Many disadvantages to the
student result from late entrance. Therefore, prompt attendance at
the beginning of the session is earnestly enjoined upon all who wish
to derive the full benefits of the courses of instruction.
PROHIBITION OF CREDIT.
An act of the Legislature prohibits merchants and others, under
severe penalties, from crediting students. The license to contract
debts, which the chairman is authorized to grant, is confined (except
where the parent or guardian otherwise, in writing, requests) to
cases of urgent necessity; and these, it is hoped, parents and guardians,
will, as far as possible, prevent from arising, by the timely
supply of the requisite funds.
PRIVILEGED STUDENTS.
Ministers of the Gospel may attend any of the schools of the
University, without the payment of fees to the Professors. The
same privilege will be extended to any young man preparing for
the ministry, on the following conditions:
(1.) He shall submit for the consideration of the Faculty an application,
accompanied by testimonials, relating to the fact of his
being a bona fide candidate for the ministry, to his good standing in
the Church of which he is a member, to his intellectual capacity,
and his inabilily to meet the expenses of education at the University
without aid.
(2.) No Professor shall be required to form a new class or assume
any other additional labor for the exclusive benefit of this class of
students.
(3.) In order to entitle such a student to the privilege of gratuitous
instruction in any school of the University during a second session,
he must prove his ability to profit by such continued instruction, by
exhibiting such evidence of proficiency during the first session as
shall be satisfactory to the Professor of the school.
The faculty, at their discretion, may allow any man of undoubted
moral character, above the age of twenty-three years, to attend lectures
in any of the schools of the University, and to reside out of
the precincts, exempt from the rules and regulations prescribed for
the government of students, except only that he shall pay the usual
Professors' fees, and University charges, and shall observe all those
laws of the Institution which enjoin respectful and orderly deportment.
But the privilege so allowed may be withdrawn by the
Faculty at any time, when in their opinion, it has been used to the
evil example of the students, or otherwise to the injury of the Institution.
MONTHLY CIRCULAR.
At the end of every month, a circular letter is addressed by the
Chairman of the Faculty to the parent or guardian of each student,
in which are stated his absences from lectures and examinations, and
any other irregularity of which he may have been guilty, together
with such further information as to the student's progress and conduct
as it may be deemed proper to communicate.
The object of such report being, on the one hand, to incite the
student to steady diligence, by eliciting the commendation and encouragement
of his friends, and on the other to restrain him from
idleness and disorder, or to urge him to amendment by their admonition
and advice, the usefulness of these circulars greatly depends
upon the prompt and judicious attention they receive from those to
whom they are addressed. Parents and guardians, therefore, cannot
be too earnest in communicating such advice or encouragement
as the monthly report may suggest.
LIBRARY.
The library of the University, originally selected and arranged by
Mr. Jefferson, and since enlarged by purchases and donations, now
contains about 35,000 volumes.
Students are allowed the use of the books, under the usual
restrictions, and the librarian is present in the library for four hours
daily, to attend to their wants.
SOCIETY OF ALUMNI.
This Association is composed of such former students of the University
as, having finally left the Institution, have been elected
members at the annual meetings. Its objects are the promotion of
letters and general education, as well as the renewal from year to
year of the pleasing associations of academic life.
The Society holds its meetings at the close of the session. An
orator or an essayist is annually appointed by the Society from among
its members, and the oration or essay is delivered in the Public Hall
on the day preceding the Public Day.
LITERARY SOCIETIES.
There are two Literary Societies, of long standing, connected with
the University. Most of the students become members of one or the
other. They meet weekly in their respective Halls, for the purpose
of cultivating debate and composition, and occasionally hold public
exhibitions.
MORALITY AND RELIGION.
These are recognized as the foundation and indispensable concomitants
of education. The discipline is sedulously administered with a
view to confirm integrity, and to maintain a sacred regard for truth.
Great efforts are made to surround the students with religious influences;
but experience has proved that the best way to effect this
result is, to forbear the employment of coercion to enforce attendance
on religious exercises, which is entirely voluntary. Prayers
are held every morning in the Chapel, and divine service is performed
on Sunday by a Chaplain, selected, in turn, from the principal
religious denominations. By means of a Young Men's
Christian Association, new comers are shielded, as much as possible,
from vicious connections, and the energies of students willing to
engage in the Christian enterprises of the neighborhood are called
into active exercise.
STATE STUDENTS.
To render education at the University accessible to meritorious
young men of limited means, provision has been made by the Legislature
for the admission of one student from each Senatorial District
of the State, without payment of matriculation and tuition fees and
rents. This provision is meant to be restricted to those who are not
themselves, and whose parents are not, in a situation to incur the
expense of their education at this Institution, without aid.
State students are appointed by the Faculty upon satisfactory
testimonials of fitness. The term of appointment is for two years,
but for extraordinary proficiency it may be prolonged. They stand
in all respects, except expense, on the same footing as other students,
enjoying the same privileges and subject to the same laws. By way
of remuneration to the State for the aid afforded them, they are
public or private school in Virginia for two years after leaving the
University, the emoluments of such service enuring, of course, to
their own benefit.
The applicant for a State appointment should state his age (which
must be at least seventeen,) and designate the schools of the University
he may wish to enter. He should submit satisfactory
testimonials of irreproachable moral character and of capacity, as
well by partial cultivation as original vigor of mind, to profit by
the instruction given at the University. It should also appear that
neither he nor his parents are able to incur the expense of his
education without aid.
The Faculty will proceed on the 3d of July next to make appointments
of State students for vacant districts. The following are the
districts, all of which with the exception of the 7th, 8th, 11th, 16th,
20th, 22d, 25th, 28th and 31st, will be vacant at the close of the
present session:
I. Accomac and Northampton.
II. City of Norfolk.
III. Norfolk Co., and Princess Anne.
IV. Isle of Wight, Nansemond, Surry and Southampton.
V. Sussex, Prince George and Dinwiddie.
VI. Louisa, Henrico and Hanover.
VII. Mathews, Gloucester, Middlesex, King & Queen, King
William and Essex.VIII. Lancaster, Northumberland, Richmond, Westmoreland,
Caroline and King George.IX. James City, Charles City, New Kent, York, Elizabeth
City, Warwick, and City of Williamsburg.X. City of Richmond.
XI. Chesterfield, Amelia, Prince Edward, Cumberland and
Powhatan.XII. Buckingham, Albemarle, Fluvanna and Goochland.
XIII. Spotsylvania, Stafford, Orange and Prince William.
XIV. Alexandria and Fairfax.
XV. Frederick, Clarke and Warren.
XVI. Loudoun.
XVII. Rappahannock, Fauquier, Madison and Culpeper.
XVIII. Shenandoah and Page.
XIX. Rockingham and Greene.
XX. Augusta.
XXI. Rockbridge and Nelson.
XXII. Alleghany, Bath, Highland and Botetourt.
XXIII. Appomattox, Campbell and Charlotte.
XXIV. Mecklenburg, Lunenburg, Brunswick, Greenesville and
Nottoway.XXV. Pittsylvania and Halifax.
XXVI. Amherst and Bedford.
XXVII. Henry and Franklin.
XXVIII. Giles, Montgomery, Roanoke and Craig.
XXIX. Carroll, Floyd and Patrick.
XXX. Wythe, Grayson, Pulaski and Bland.
XXXI. Washington and Smyth.
XXXII. Buchanan, Russell and Tazewell.
XXXIII. Scott, Lee and Wise.
CALENDAR.
October 1.—Commencement of the Session.
February 22.—Anniversary Celebration of the Washington Society.
April 13.—Anniversary Celebration of the Jefferson Society.
June 25.—Annual Meeting of the Board of Visitors.
June 28.—Final Celebration of the Washington Society.
June 29.—Final Celebration of the Jefferson Society.
June 30.—Address before the Society of Alumni.
July 1.—Public Day, Closing Exercises of the Session and Address
before the Literary Societies.
| Catalogue of the University of Virginia | |