 | Catalogue of the officers and students of the University of Virginia |  |
ACADEMICAL DEPARTMENT.
I.—ANCIENT LANGUAGES.
PROFESSOR HARRISON.
In this school are taught the Latin and Greek languages; the
Greek and Roman History, Geography, and Literature; and the
Hebrew language. The instruction is given partly by lectures and
examinations, and partly by comments on portions of the text-books
appointed to be read by the student. It embraces the following
subjects, distributed according to the classes.
I. Junior Latin.—1. General principles and doctrines of the Etymology.
2. The application of these general principles in the explanation
of the formation and composition of the words of the language,
considered individually, and without regard to their relations to
other words in a sentence.
The doctrine of the primary and secondary significations of
words is considered in connection with this branch of the subject,
and is illustrated in the lectures from day to day as occasion may
offer.
3. The accidence, or inflectional forms of words, expressing the
relations in which they stand to other words in a sentence. These
modifications of the forms of words are in like manner explained
by the application of the general principles of the Etymology.
4. The Syntax, or laws which govern the relations existing between
the several parts of a sentence or discourse, whether indicated
by the inflections of words, or by particles. This subject is
treated of partly in lectures specially devoted to it, partly by way
of prelections and comment on the portions of authors read in the
lecture room, and partly in connection with the written exercises.
For the above subjects the text-books are the Professor's printed
notes, Beck's Latin Syntax, containing the most important parts of
the Syntax of Zumpt's Latin Grammar.
5. The doctrine of the quantity of syllables, and the metres. The
students are advised to use Carey's Latin Prosody, or Anthon's
Prosody, which contains what is most useful in Carey's.
6. The Latin authors used as text-books are Horace, Virgil,
Cicero's Orations, and his Epistles ad Diversos, Terence, and
Cæsar's Commentaries. The last chiefly with a view to the written
exercises.
II. Senior Latin.—1. Prelections and commentaries on portions
of the classic authors, embracing, besides the other matters necessary
of the doctrines of philology taught in the Junior Class.
The text-books are Horace, Juvenal, Livy, and Tacitus.
2. Geography of Ancient Italy. The maps of ancient and
modern Italy, published by the "Society for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge," are recommended.
3. Roman History. This subject is taught by prelections, and
by examinations on the text-books. These are the History of
Rome published by the "Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge,"
Niebuhr's History of Rome, and the History of Rome in
Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopedia.
III. Junior Greek.—1. The Etymology, considered in its general
principles and in its applications, the Syntax, and the Prosody and
metres, are taught to this class in the same way as to the Junior
Latin.
For these subjects Kühner's Greek Grammar is the text-book.
2. The Greek authors read and explained in the lecture room, are
Xenophon's Anabasis, Herodotus, and a play of Æschylus or Euripides.
The Greek and English Lexicon of Donnegan is that preferred.
IV. Senior Greek.—1. Prelections and commentaries on portions
of the Greek classic authors, in the same way as in the Senior
Latin class, and embracing the like subjects.
The Greek authors used as text-books in this class are Euripides,
Sophocles, Thucydides, and Homer. The student should have besides
Kühner, Matthiae's Greek Grammar, 5th edition of the translation.
2. Ancient Geography of Greece. The printed notes of the Professor
form the text.
3. Ancient History of Greece. It is taught by prelections, and
by examinations on the text-books. These are Thirlwall's History
of Greece, or the History of Greece in the Library of Useful
Knowledge.
It is expected of the students of Latin and Greek that they shall
read in their rooms such authors and parts of authors, prescribed
by the Professor, as cannot be read in the lecture room; e. g.:
Cicero's Epistles to Atticus, his Orations (selected), and Treatise
"de Republica;" Sallust, Virgil, Terence, Plautus; Æschylus,
Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Demosthenes, Æschines, Thucydides,
&c.
As an essential part of the plan of instruction, the students of
each class are required to furnish written exercises; which consist
in the conversion of Latin or Greek into English, and of English
into Latin or Greek. The exercises are examined by the Professor,
and the errors marked; they are then returned to the students, and
the corrections stated and explained in the presence of the class.
For these exercises the classic authors are used as the text.
V. Hebrew.—The text-books are Biblia Hebraica, Bush's, Nordheimer's,
or Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, and Gesenii Lexicon
Hebr. Chald.
In the written translations required as a test of the qualifications
of candidates for degrees, the passages used are selected by the
committee of examination, not from the portions of authors which
have been read and explained in the lecture room, but at will from
the classic writers generally.
II.—MODERN LANGUAGES.
PROFESSOR SCHELE DE VERE.
The subjects taught in this school are:
1. The French, Italian, Spanish, and German Languages, and
the English in its Anglo-Saxon form, and their literature.
2. The History and Geography of Europe from the fall of the
Roman empire to the present day.
There are two classes in French, one for beginners, the other for
more advanced students; and the same arrangement is made, when
necessary, in the other languages. Opportunity is also given to
practise speaking the languages. The method of instruction is by
lectures, examinations, written exercises, and comments on the
text-books as read in the lecture room, the principal classic authors
in each language being used for this purpose.
Two degrees in this school are required as a condition for obtaining
the degree of A. M.
III.—MATHEMATICS.
PROFESSOR COURTENAY.
In this school there are four classes.
Of these, the Junior commences with the theory of Arithmetic,
the student being supposed to have rendered himself practically
familiar with its various rules before entering the University. The
elements of Algebra are then taught, and after the first difficulties
are mastered, the subjects of Algebra and Synthetic Geometry are
pursued simultaneously.
In the second or Intermediate Class, after completing the course
of Algebra, commenced in the preceding class, there are taught
successively the theory of Plane and Spherical Trigonometry,
with the application of the former to the measurement of heights
and distances, and of the latter to Nautical Astronomy, the theory
and practice of Land Surveying and Levelling, Navigation, and
Descriptive Geometry, with its applications to Spherical Projections,
Shadows, and Perspective.
The Senior Class begins with the subject of Analytical Geometry,
the course of Pure Mathematics with the Integral Calculus.
There is also a class of Mixed Mathematics, designed exclusively
for such of the more advanced students as may desire to
study the subjects taught therein.
The course embraces the mathematical investigation of the
general laws of equilibrium and motion, both of solids and fluids,
with a variety of applications, especially to Physical Astronomy.
It consists chiefly of selections from the works of Poisson, Francœur,
Pontecoulant, and others.
The instruction in each class is conveyed partly by lectures, and
partly by the systematic study of approved text-books, the student
being assisted by full and frequent explanations from the Professor,
and being constantly subjected to rigid examinations. The progress
of the student in every class is also tested by his being
required to perform written exercises, in which the principles acquired
are applied to the solution of particular problems.
The text-books used are: for the Junior Class, Lacroix's Arithmetic,
Davies's Bourdon's Algebra, and Legendre's Geometry.
For the Intermediate Class, Bourdon's Algebra, Legendre's Geometry
and Trigonometry, Davies's Surveying, and Descriptive
Geometry. For the Senior Class, Davies's Analytical Geometry,
Young's Differential Calculus, and Young's Integral Calculus.
Any student entering the school has the privilege of attending all
or any of the classes, as he may elect, and if prepared to enter an
advanced class, may often find it highly advantageous to review
his previous studies by an attendance on a lower class also.
IV.—NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
PROFESSOR WILLIAM B. ROGERS.
There are three classes in this school: the Junior and Senior
classes of Natural Philosophy, and the class of Geology and Mineralogy.
In the Junior Class the illustrations are experimental and graphical,
with references to the simpler truths of Geometry. In the
Senior Class the subjects, where they admit of it, are discussed
mathematically. The aim of the course being a comprehensive
view of general Physics, the instructions are given chiefly by lectures,
though aided from time to time by text-books. The following
is the plan of the course.
TERRESTRIAL MECHANICS.
1. General or Rational Mechanics; consisting of Statics and
Dynamics, or the doctrines of Equilibrium and Motion, and their
various applications.
2. Mechanics of Solids.—Molecular Structure of Solids, Excitement
and Transfer of Force, Elements of Machinery, Friction,
Strength of Materials, Motive Powers, &c.
3. Mechanics of Liquids.—Molecular Structure, Resulting Laws
of Equilibrium and Pressure, Flotation, Specific Gravities, Waves,
Motion through Pipes, &c., Resistance, Hydraulic Machines, &c.
4. Mechanics of Airs.—Molecular Structure, Elasticity, &c.;
Atmosphere, Barometers and Formulæ, Resistance, Pneumatic
Machines, Hydro-Pneumatic do., &c.
5. Capillarity and Endosmose.—Laws and Theory of Capillaries,
Laws of Diffusion, &c.
6. Acoustics.—Mechanism of Molecular Vibrations, Sound-waves,
Propagation and Reflection, Musical Vibration of Chords,
&c.; Musical Scales and Instruments, Speech and Hearing, &c.
7. Thermotics or Heat.—Temperature, Expansion, Latent and
Specific Heat, Heat of Combination, Conduction, &c.; Melloni's
Laws, Vapours, Meteorology, Steam Engine, &c.
8. Electricity.—1st. Mechanical. Excitation, Conduction, &c.;
Atmospheric; 2d. Chemical. Excitation, Transfer, Effects, &c.;
Natural Sources and Application of Electricity, &c.
9. Magnetism.—1st. Statical. Induction, Distribution, &c.;
Magnetism of Globe, Dip, &c.; 2d. By Currents. Electro-Magnetic
Phenomena and Laws, Thermo-Electricity, &c.
10. Optics.—Propagation, Reflection, Refraction of Light; Chromatics,
Dispersion, Polarization, &c.; Theories, Optical Instruments,
Photography, the Eye, &c.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS OR ASTRONOMY.
1. Descriptive Astronomy.—General View of Celestial Phenomena,
Modes of Observing and Computing the Places and Motions
of the Heavenly Bodies, Theory of the Celestial Motions, &c.
2. Physical Astronomy.—Investigation of Forces, Planetary Gravitation,
Perturbations, Tides, Nebular Theory, &c.
In the class of Geology and Mineralogy especial attention is
given to the structure and mineral products of our own country.
The great mineral zones are described by reference to maps and
sections, the order of stratification pointed out, the nature of the
materials shown by specimens, and the relations of all these features
to the agriculture and other resources of the country particularly
dwelt upon. Modes of exploring are taught, and methods
given for the analysis of ores, rocks, and soils.
Text-Books.—Reference is made in the Junior Class to the works
of Herschell, Brewster, Lardner, &c.; in the Senior, to Young's
Analytical Mechanics, and Norton's Astronomy; in Geology, to
Lyell, Trimmer, or De la Beche, and in Mineralogy, to Allen,
Dana, or any of the leading works.
V.—CIVIL ENGINEERING.
This school comprises the following branches of instruction,
viz.:
I.—Graphical Mathematics, embracing Descriptive Geometry,
Perspective Mensuration, &c.
II.—Theory of Levelling and Surveying, both ordinary and topographical.
III.—Theory of Roads, Railroads, Canals, Bridges, &c.
IV.—Theoretical Mechanics, Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics,
as connected with Engineering.
V.—Laws of Heat and Steam, Theory and Construction of the
Steam Engine.
VI.—Geology and Mineralogy.
VII.—Levelling, Surveying, &c., taught practically in the field.
VIII.—Plan Drawing, Plotting, Topographical Drawing and
Sketching.
The subjects named under the six first heads are divided between
the Professors of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Those included
under the 7th and 8th heads are taught by the Teacher of
Drawing, under the superintendence of the Professor above mentioned.
VI.—CHEMISTRY.
PROFESSOR R. E. ROGERS.
This subject included in the medical as well as the general academic
course, and forming a department of the School of Chemistry
and Materia Medica, may be studied separately, or in conjunction
with the latter.
The Lectures, which are delivered twice a week throughout the
session, embrace a very full illustration of all the topics of theoretical
or practical importance in the science, and in its applications
to Mineralogy, Geology, the Chemical Arts, Agriculture and Physiology.
Beginning with an account of the phenomena and laws of Heat,
Light, and Electricity, Mechanical and Voltaic, the course next
takes up the doctrines of chemical reaction, presenting a full and
minute view of the principles of definite combination, with their
hypothetical expression in the form of the atomic theory, and illustrating
these doctrines by numerous experiments and drawings.
To this succeeds Pneumatic Chemistry, in which are discussed the
preparation, properties and applications of the various gaseous
bodies and their compounds.
This is followed by the detailed account of the metals, their oxides,
chlorides, and other compounds, connecting with each metal
accompanied by illustrations of the various processes of analysis
deduced from the preceding facts.
Organic Chemistry is next taken up, embracing an account of
all the more important organic acids, alkaloids and neutral principles,
together with a view of the alcoholic, acetous and other
fermentations; the Chemistry of nutrition, growth, respiration, &c.,
in the vegetable and animal economy, and that of soils and manures
as connected with agriculture.
In connexion with these topics, minute experimental illustrations
are given of all the valuable processes for detecting poisons
and for counteracting their effects. The more important operations
of analysis, as applied to ores, marls, &c., are also described
and exemplified.
Throughout the course, use is continually made of ample diagrams
illustrating the chemical reactions, according to the method
of equivalents; and the bearings of the recent generalizations of
Dumas, Liebig, Kane, Graham and others, are particularly referred
to.
VII.—MORAL PHILOSOPHY.
PROFESSOR TUCKER.
There are two classes in this school. The Junior Class studies
Rhetoric, Belles-Lettres, and Logic, the first half of the session,
and Belles-Lettres and Ethics the last half.
The Senior Class studies Mental Philosophy the first part of the
session, and Political Economy the last. The examinations are on
the Professor's Lectures, Brown's Philosophy, Say's Political Economy,
Smith's Wealth of Nations, the Professor's works on Money
and Banks, and Rents, Wages and Profits.
In the Junior Class the examinations are on the Professor's Lectures,
Blair's Lectures, Campbell's Rhetoric, Stewart's Active and
Moral Powers, and Whately's Logic.
The students in this school are also exercised in composition.
| Catalogue of the officers and students of the University of Virginia | |