The University of Virginia record :: March 15, 1934

[1] WILLIAM MYNN THORNTON, B.A., LL.D.	Emeritus Professor of Applied Mathematics
WILLIAM HOLDING ECHOLS, B.S., C.E.	Professor of Mathematics
RICHARD HEATH DABNEY, M.A., Ph.D.	Corcoran Professor of History
RICHARD HENRY WILSON, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Romanic Languages
JAMES MORRIS PAGE, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.	Professor of Mathematics
WILLIAM ALEXANDER LAMBETH, M.D., Ph.D.	Professor of Hygiene and Director of Physical Education
ROBERT MONTGOMERY BIRD, B.A., B.S., Ph.D.	Professor of Chemistry
WILLIAM MENTZEL FORREST, B.A.	John B. Cary Memorial Professor of Biblical Literature
WILLIAM HARRISON FAULKNER, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Germanic Languages
HARVEY ERNEST JORDAN, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Histology and Embryology
CHARLES GILMORE MAPHIS, Ped.D., LL.D.	Professor of Education
ROBERT HENNING WEBB, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Greek
SAMUEL ALFRED MITCHELL, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.	Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Leander McCormick Observatory
IVEY FOREMAN LEWIS, B.A., M.S., Ph.D.	Miller Professor of Biology and Agriculture
LLEWELLYN GRIFFITH HOXTON, B.S., B.A., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Physics
ROBERT BENNETT BEAN, B.S., M.D.	Professor of Anatomy
JOHN LEVI MANAHAN, B.S., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Educational Administration
JAMES ALEXANDER WADDELL, B.A., M.D.	Professor of Pharmacology, Materia Medica and Toxicology
WILLIAM ALLISON KEPNER, M.A., Ph.D., Sc.D.	Professor of Biology
JOHN CALVIN METCALF, M.A., Litt.D., LL.D.	Linden Kent Memorial Professor of English Literature
GEORGE OSCAR FERGUSON, Jr., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Psychology and Education
WILLIAM ROYAL SMITHEY, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Secondary Education
JAMES SOUTHALL WILSON, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.	Edgar Allan Poe Professor of English
ALBERT GEORGE ADAM BALZ, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Philosophy
CARROLL MASON SPARROW, B.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Physics
ARTHUR FICKENSCHER, Diploma, Royal Conservatory of Munich	Professor of Music
JOHN JENNINGS LUCK, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Mathematics
WILSON GEE, B.S., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Rural Economics and Rural Sociology and Director of the Institute for Research in the Social Sciences
TIPTON RAY SNAVELY, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Economics
WILBUR ARMISTEAD NELSON, B.S., M.A.,	Corcoran Professor of Geology
JAMES COOK BARDIN, M.D.	Professor of Romanic Languages
ALBERT JULIUS BARLOW, B.A., C.P.A.	Professor of Commerce and Business Administration
ABRAHAM BERGLUND, B.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Commerce and Business Administration
ATCHESON LAUGHLIN HENCH, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of English
ELBERT ALVIS KINCAID, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Commerce and Business Administration
ROBERT KENT GOOCH, M.A., D.Phil. (Oxon.)	Professor of Political Science
W. PATTON GRAHAM, M.A.	Professor of Romanic Languages
JOSEPH KENT ROBERTS, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Geology
FLOYD NELSON HOUSE, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Sociology
JOHN HOWE YOE, M.S., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Chemistry
EDMUND SCHUREMAN CAMPBELL, M.S.	Professor of Art and Architecture
ORLAND EMILE WHITE, M.S., Sc.D.	Professor of Agricultural Biology and Director of the Blandy Experimental Farm
HARRY CLEMONS, M.A.	Librarian
ARTHUR FERGUSON BENTON, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Chemistry
EDWIN PARTRIDGE LEHMAN, B.A., M.D.	Professor of Surgery and Gynecology
SIDNEY WILLIAM BRITTON, B.Sc., M.D., C.M.	Professor of Physiology
JAMES GLENN DRIVER	Professor and Director of Athletics
WALTER ALEXANDER MONTGOMERY, B.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Latin
KENNETH FULLER MAXCY, B.A., M.D., Dr.P.H.	Professor of Preventive Medicine and Bacteriology
ALFRED CHANUTIN, Ph.B., Ph.D.	Professor of Biochemistry
LINWOOD LEHMAN, M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Latin
FRANK STRINGFELLOW BARR, B.A., M.A. (Oxon.)	Professor of History
JESSE WAKEFIELD BEAMS, Jr., M.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Physics
SCOTT MILROSS BUCHANAN, B.A., Ph.D.	Professor of Philosophy
CARL CASKEY SPEIDEL, Ph.B., Ph.D.	Professor of Anatomy
JAMES ROBERT CASH, M.A., M.D.	Walter Reed Professor of Pathology
HERMAN PATRICK JOHNSON, M.A., Ph.M.	Associate Professor of English Literature
CHARLES WAKEFIELD PAUL	Associate Professor of Public Speaking
JAMES ERNEST KINDRED, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Histology and Embryology
FREDERICK LYONS BROWN, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Physics
HARRY ROGERS PRATT	Associate Professor of Music and Dramatic Art
BEN-ZION LINFIELD, M.S., Ph.D., Sc.D.	Associate Professor of Mathematics
GEORGE BASKERVILLE ZEHMER, B.S., M.A.	Associate Professor of Education and Director of Extension
ARMISTEAD CHURCHILL GORDON, Jr., M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of English
BRUCE DODSON REYNOLDS, B.S., Sc.D.	Associate Professor of Zoölogy
DUDLEY CROFFORD SMITH, B.S., M.D.	Associate Professor of Dermatology and Syphilology
ARTHUR KYLE DAVIS, Jr., M.A., B.Litt. (Oxon.), Ph.D.	Associate Professor of English
LAWRENCE THEODORE LUDWIG, B.P.E., M.Ed.	Associate Professor of Physical Education
GEORGE TALMADGE STARNES, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Commerce and Business Administration
CHARLES NEWTON HULVEY, M.S., LL.B.	Associate Professor of Commercial Law
FRANK ARTHUR GELDARD, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Psychology
THOMAS CARY JOHNSON, Jr., M.A.	Associate Professor of History
FRANK WILLIAM HOFFER, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Sociology
ROBERT ELIOT LUTZ, M.S., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Chemistry
LAUREN BLAKELY HITCHCOCK, S.M., Sc.D.	Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering
ALFRED AKERMAN, B.A., M.F.	Associate Professor of Forestry
DAVID COLE WILSON, B.A., M.D.	Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology
GEORGE WASHINGTON SPICER, B.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Political Science
DUNCAN CLARK HYDE, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Economics
EARL GODFREY MELLOR, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Romance Philology
ARCHIBALD ANDERSON HILL, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of English Philology
FREDERIC TURNBULL WOOD, B.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Germanic Philology
THOMAS PERKINS ABERNETHY, Ph.D.	Richmond Alumni Associate Professor of History
ALEXANDER DAVID FRASER, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Archaeology
ORESTE RINETTI, Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Italian
MELVIN GARDNER DE CHAZEAU, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Commerce and Business Administration
ROWLAND ANDREWS EGGER, M.A., Ph.D.	Associate Professor of Political Science
EDWIN LEONARD McQUADE, B.A., M.D., Dr.P.H.	Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine
STANISLAW JOHN MAKIELSKI, B.S. in Arch.	Assistant Professor of Art and Architecture
ARTHUR AUGUST PEGAU, M.A., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Geology
EDWIN MORRIS BETTS, Ph.B., M.S., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Biology
FRANZ KARL MOHR, M.A., Dr. Jur.	Assistant Professor of Germanic Languages
[2] LANCELOT LONGSTREET MINOR DENT, M.A.	Assistant Professor of Philosophy
HUGH MILLER SPENCER, B.A., M.S., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Chemistry
ALEXANDER VYSSOTSKY, Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Astronomy
PETER VAN DE KAMP, Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Astronomy
THADDEUS BRAXTON WOODY, M.A.	Assistant Professor of Spanish
NILS HAMMARSTRAND, M.A., C.E.	Assistant Professor of the History of Art
ARCHIBALD BOLLING SHEPPERSON, M.A., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of English
EDWARD LYMAN COREY, B.A., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Physiology
ORON JAMES HALE, M.A., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of History
RAYMOND CONRAD HEIDLOFF, B.P.E., B.S.	Assistant Professor of Physical Education
CHARLES KIDDER DAVENPORT, C.P.H., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Philosophy
WAYNE DENNIS, M.A., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Psychology
FREDRICK CHARLES DISQUE, M.S.	Assistant Professor of Art and Architecture
EVERETT FOGG DAVIS, B.S., Ph.D.	Assistant Professor of Biology
LESTER JESSE CAPPON, M.A., Ph.D.	Acting Assistant Professor of History

181

INSTRUCTORS

MELVIN WINFREY AYLOR, B.S.Ed., M.S.	Mathematics
RICHMOND THOMAS McGREGOR BELL, B.S., Ph.D.	Chemistry
JAMES WILLIAM BLINCOE, M.A.	Mathematics
ELDRIDGE ROGER BOYLE, Jr., B.A.	Dramatic Art
EDWARD GRAHAM CALE, M.A.	Economics
ROBERT MURRAY CHRISTIAN, M.A.	History
JAMES STUART CONSTANTINE	Greek
HENRY HARFORD CUMMING	French
ROBERT HOWISON DANIEL, B.S.Com. (Junior Fellow)	Commerce and Business Administration
RICHARD BEALE DAVIS, M.A.	English
BEN BANE DULANEY, B.S.	Rural Social Economics
ELLIOTT GUTHRIE FISHBURNE, B.S., LL.B.	Commercial Law
JULIO SUAREZ GALBAN, B.S., Ph.D.	Spanish
RICHARD CECIL GARLICK, Jr., M.A., Ph.D.	French
CHAUNCEY McLEAN GILBERT, B.S.	Biology
MARSHALL GOCHNAUER	Art and Architecture
WILLIAM HENRY GRAVELY, Jr., B.A.	English
LEWIS MACHEN HAMMOND, M.A., Ph.D.	Philosophy
ROBERT NOBLE HOSKINS, B.S.	Physical Education
FRANK LELAND HOWARD, B.S.Com., M.S.	Commerce and Business Administration
GEORGE EPHRAIM HUNSBERGER, M.A. (Research Fellow)	Commerce and Business Administration
ARTHUR MERRITT JARMAN, B.S.Ed., M.S., Ph.D.	Psychology
GEORGE GAINES LECKIE, M.S., Ph.D.	Philosophy
LAWRENCE LEE, B.S.	French
ALFRED RUFFIN McEWEN, M.S.	English
JOSEPH ANTHONY CARMEL MARCHESE, B.S.	Italian
FRANCIS WARREN POWELL, M.A.	English
DIRK REUYL, Ph.D.	Astronomy
RALPH RUDOLPH THOMPSON, M.A.	Latin
JOHN GRIER VARNER, Jr., M.A.	English
JOSEPH LEE VAUGHAN, M.A.	English
MATTHEW VOLM	German
EMMA WILLIAMS VYSSOTSKY, B.A., Ph.D.	Astronomy
JAMES EDWARD WARD, Jr., M.S.	Rural Social Economics
FONTAINE ALLEN WELLS, B.S.	Mathematics

ASSISTANTS

182

Stanley Womack Dinwiddie	Chemistry
John Elsroad, Jr.	Physical Education
David Milton French	Chemistry
John Hines Howard	Biology
Marion Randolph Lytton, B.S.	Chemistry
Edmund Frank MacDonald	Physical Education
Edwin Harvey Robbins	Physical Education
Charles Pleasants Roberts, B.S.	Chemistry
George Chester Seward, B.A.	Public Speaking
William Kyle Smith, B.S., Th.B.	Biblical Literature
David Farnum Stoddard, B.S.Arch.	Art and Architecture
Stockton Graeme Turnbull, Jr.	Chemistry
Francis Folliard Wilshin, M.A.	Physical Education

SERVICE FELLOWS

183

JAMES CHARLES ALEXANDER, B.S.	Chemistry
CHARLES LEROY ANGER, B.S.Ed., M.S.	History
MARY TRAVERS ARMENTROUT, M.S.	History
WARREN McELROY BALLARD, B.A.	Political Science
BEN BELITT, B.A.	English
CHARLES DUNKLIN BRADLEY, B.S.E.E., M.S.	Physics
WILLIAM McSWAIN BREAZEALE, M.S.	Physics
HILAH FRANCES BRYAN, M.S.	Biology
EDWARD GRAHAM CALE, M.A.	Economics
RANDOLPH WARNER CHURCH, M.S., B.L.S.	English
SAMUEL HARVEY CLARKE, M.A.	Italian
ELTON CROMWELL COCKE, B.S.Ed., M.S., Ph.D.	Biology
JAMES WEBB COLE, Jr., B.S.Chem.	Chemistry
JOSEPH HOWARD COPE, M.A.	Physics
ELMER CLYDE CROWELL, B.S.Com., M.S.	Economics
THOMAS BIGELOW CRUMPLER, M.S.	Chemistry
WILBERT CHALMER DENNIS, B.S.	Geology
HARDY CROSS DILLARD, LL.B.	Political Science
JOHN PENDLETON DuBOSE, B.S.	Political Science
JOSEPH CARLYLE ELLETT, M.A.	Economics
RICHARD ROYSTON FELL, B.S.	Chemistry
CARL KEISTER FINK, B.S.Ch.E.	Chemistry
JOHN WILSON FLOWERS, M.S.	Physics
HENRY LOUIS FORBES, Jr., B.S.Ch.E.	Chemistry
HENRY BRICE GRAVES, B.S.Com., M.S.	Economics
ALLAN TALBOTT GWATHMEY, B.S., S.B.	Chemistry
HANS HEYN, Ph.D.	Biology
FREDERICK TAYLOR HOLMES, B.A.	Physics
EARL CHESTER HOLSINGER, M.A.	Commerce and Business Administration
RACHEL DAVIDSON KELLY, B.S.Biol., M.S.	Biology
PAUL MURRAY KENDALL, M.A.	English
GERALD LANGFORD, B.A.	English
JACK MANNE, B.S.	French
ALPHEUS ROYALL MARSHALL, M.A.	Economics
EDWIN DeWITT MILLER, M.A.	Biology
ROBERT WALL MUSTARD, B.S.Com.	Economics
OSCAR FITZALLEN NORTHINGTON, Jr., M.A.	History
FRED SHANK PALMER, B.S.Chem.	Chemistry
WHITFIELD PRICE, B.A.	Chemistry
WILLIAM THOMAS PUCKETT, Jr., M.S.	Mathematics
GILFORD GODFREY QUARLES, B.S.E., M.S.	Physics
LAWRENCE REGINALD QUARLES, B.S.E.	Physics
RICHARD WINGFIELD QUARLES, B.S.E.	Chemistry
EUGENE KERFOOT RITTER, B.A.	Mathematics
TRENTON KIEFFER RUEBUSH, B.A.	Biology
ARTHUR WILLARD SHIVELY, M.S.	Biology
JOHN JOSEPH SMITH, M.A.	Economics
RICHARD TALBOT SOLLENBERGER, M.S.	Psychology
WILLIAM MONROE SPICER, B.S.	Chemistry
FRANKLIN ARMSTRONG SPIKER, B.A.	History
ALFRED HERBERT STUART, B.S.	Chemistry
LeGRAND TENNIS, M.A.	French
MANNING CURLEE VOORHIS, M.A.	History
GEORGE CARSON WATSON, B.A.	Mathematics
HENRY FRAIN WOMER, M.A.	Political Science
THOMAS BLANCHARD WORSLEY, B.S.	Economics

SERVICE SCHOLARS

Francis Lewis Berkeley, Jr.	English
Howard Jackson Dutcher, Jr.	English
Paul Heins	Geology
Leonard Honick	Spanish
Carl Kearfoot	Geology
Cecil Billups McGavock	Geology
Lawrence Augustus Matacia	Italian
Joseph William Secondi	Italian
Benjamin Warfield Smith	Biology
George Leroy Tabor, Jr.	Biology
Quinn Tamm	Geology
Leslie Clement Vaughan	Economics
Charles Killian Woltz	Spanish

184

ANNOUNCEMENT OF COURSES

All courses are designated by letters, which have the following signification:

A: a course for undergraduates, with a credit value toward a baccalaureate
degree, to which students who enter with advanced standing are entitled
under the conditions set forth on page 251.

B: a course for undergraduates, with credit value toward a baccalaureate
degree.

C: a course for undergraduates and graduates.

D: a course for graduates.

Unless otherwise stated, each course involves three lecture hours a week,
and courses in the natural sciences six hours of laboratory work in addition.

SCHOOL OF ANCIENT LANGUAGES

I. Greek

Greek A1: For beginners: Elementary grammar, composition and selected
readings. Five hours a week. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
for those who have offered less than 2 units of Greek for entrance.)

Mr. Constantine.

Greek A2: Greek A1, or Greek A and B of the entrance requirements, prerequisite.—Plato,
Apology, Crito, and selections from Phaedo; Homer, Iliad selections.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Webb.

Greek B1: Greek A2 prerequisite.—Greek Drama; Euripides and Aristophanes,
selections. (B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Webb.

Greek B2: Greek A2 prerequisite.—Greek prose: Herodotus, Thucydides,
Demosthenes, selections. (B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Webb.

Greek C1: Greek B1 and B2 prerequisite.—Aristophanes. (Not offered in
1934-35.)

Professor Webb.

Greek C2: Greek B1 and B2 prerequisite.—Sophocles.

Professor Webb.

Greek D1: Textual Criticism of Greek Authors.

Professor Webb.

Greek D2: Greek Epigraphy: A study of the inscriptions of the ancient Greeks.

Associate Professor Fraser.

185

II. Latin

Latin A1: Latin A, B, C, and D of the entrance requirements prerequisite.—
I. In Language: General grammar, with oral and written exercises. II. In
Literature: Sallust, Jugurthine War and Conspiracy of Catiline; The Elegiac
Poets; Selected Letters of Cicero. III. In Life: The public and private life of the
Romans. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Two sections.

Professor Montgomery, Professor Lehman and Mr. Thompson.

Latin B1: Latin A1 prerequisite.—I. In Language: General grammar, with
oral and written exercises. II. In Literature: Livy, Book I and Tacitus, Germania;
Catullus, and Horace's Satires; Terence, Andria and Suetonius, Julius.
III. In Life: The Literature and Art of the Romans. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Professor Lehman and Mr. Thompson.

Latin B2: Latin A1 prerequisite.—I. In Language: General grammar, with
oral and written exercises. II. In Literature: Livy, Books XXI and XXII, and
Tacitus, Agricola; Horace, Odes Books I-IV, and Epistles; Plautus, Miles
Gloriosus and Suetonius, Octavius. III. In Life: The Religion of the Romans.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Montgomery and Mr. Thompson.

Latin C: Both B courses prerequisite.—Courses leading to the degree of
Master of Arts. The requirements lie only in the School of Ancient Languages.
If the candidate's major work be in Latin, Greek B1 and B2 are the minimum
requirements.

Latin C1: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite.—I. In Language: Advanced prose
composition. II. In Literature: Tacitus, Annals; Pliny, Letters and Petronius,
Satiricon; Juvenal, Satires and selections from other satirists. III. In Life:
The economic life of the Romans. (M.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in alternate
years with Latin C3. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Lehman and Mr. Constantine.

Latin C2: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite. I. In Language: Advanced prose
composition. II. In Literature: Tacitus, Histories; Seneca, Moral Essays and
Tragedies; Lucretius, De Rerum Natura. III. In Life: The philosophical life of
the Romans. (M.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in alternate years with Latin
C4. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Montgomery and Mr. Constantine.

Latin C3: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite.—I. In Language: Advanced prose
composition. II. In Literature: Latin Literature from the fifth century on, with
special emphasis on the Latin of the Middle Ages. III. In Life: The literary
life of the Romans in the Silver Age. (M.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in
alternate years with Latin C1.

Professor Lehman and Mr. Constantine.

Latin C4: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite.—I. In Language: Advanced prose
composition. II. In Literature: Pre-Plautine Comedy and Tragedy. III. In

186

Life: The literary life of the Romans through the Golden Age. (M.A. credit, 3
session-hours.) Given in alternate years with Latin C2.

Professor Montgomery and Mr. Constantine.

Latin D: All C courses prerequisite.—A course leading to the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy. The requirements lie only in the School of Ancient
Languages. If the candidate's major work be in Greek, the completion of
two courses in Latin C will be the minimum requirement. If in Latin, the
completion of Greek C1 will be the minimum requirement.

It is the purpose of this course to prepare the candidate for independent
investigation of the sources of knowledge of the language, the monuments
(literary and objective), and the life of the Romans. The following is an outline
of the course:

Latin D1: Early Roman Comedy, Plautus, and Terence: Two hours
weekly, each term.

Professor Montgomery.

Latin D2: The History of Latin Satire, with Readings from Representative
Authors: Two hours weekly, each term.

Professor Lehman.

Latin D3: The Roman Historians: Two hours weekly, each term.

Professor Lehman.

Latin D4: The Roman Epic: Two hours weekly, each term.

Professor Montgomery.

Latin D5: Latin Epigraphy: Three hours weekly, each term.

Associate Professor Fraser.

Latin D6: Latin Palaeography: One hour weekly, for two terms.

Professor Lehman.

Latin D7: Historical Latin Grammar and Vulgar Latin: Two hours
weekly for one term, and one hour weekly for two terms.

Professor Montgomery.

Latin D8: Comparative Philology: Two hours weekly for one term.

Professor Lehman.

Sandys' History of Classical Philology will be required throughout the entire
D course.

III. Archaeology

Archaeology B1: Survey of Greek Civilization: No previous knowledge of
Greek required.—A sketch of the history of the Greek people, with some consideration
of the geography of Greek lands, Greek language and literature, and
the attainments of the Greeks in philosophy and art. Various modern institutions
will be traced to Greek origins. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Given in alternate years with Archaeology B3.

Associate Professor Fraser.

187

Archaeology B2: Greek and Roman Archaeology: No previous knowledge
of Greek or Latin required. Not open to first-year students.—Introduction
to the science of Archaeology. A sketch of pre-Greek, or Aegean, culture,
Greek and Roman pottery, sculpture, architecture, and coins. Illustrated by lantern
slides and other material. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given
in alternate years with Archaeology B4.

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology B3: Survey of Roman Civilization: No previous knowledge
of Latin required.—This course will follow the scheme of Archaeology B1. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in alternate years with Archaeology B1.
(Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology B4: Greek and Roman Private Life: No previous knowledge
of Greek or Latin required. Not open to first-year students.—The topography
and chief monuments of ancient Athens and Rome; Greek and Roman education,
food, clothing, household-arrangements, religion, and amusements. Illustrated by
lantern slides and other material. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in
alternate years with Archaeology B2. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology C1: Classical Sculpture and Vases: Archaeology B2 and
one other B course in Archaeology, Greek, or Latin prerequisite, for undergraduates.—A
more detailed study of these subjects than is possible in Archaeology
B2.

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology C2: The Homeric Age: Greek B1 and Archaeology B1, B2,
or B4 prerequisite, for undergraduates.—A study of the geography and archaeology
of the Homeric poems.

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology D1: The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Athens.

Associate Professor Fraser.

Archaeology D2: The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome.

Associate Professor Fraser.

SCHOOL OF ASTRONOMY

Astronomy B1: General Astronomy: The fundamental principles and
methods of astronomy. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor van de Kamp.

Astronomy B2: Modern Astronomy: Astronomy B1 or Mathematics B1
prerequisite.—Newer methods in astronomy. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Mitchell.

188

Astronomy C1: Practical Astronomy: Astronomy B1 and Mathematics
B2 prerequisite.—Astronomical observations and their reduction, theory of errors,
application of statistical methods to astronomical problems.

Assistant Professors Vyssotsky and van de Kamp.

Astronomy C2: Celestial Mechanics: Astronomy B1 and Mathematics B2
prerequisite.—Problems of two, three and n bodies, perturbations, determination
of a preliminary orbit.

Assistant Professor Vyssotsky.

Astronomy C3: Introduction to Astrophysics: Physics B2 and Mathematics
B2 prerequisite.—One hour weekly.

Assistant Professor van de Kamp.

Astronomy D1: Advanced Practical Astronomy: Astronomy C1 prerequisite.—Determination
of the positions of fixed stars, use of transit instrument,
equatorials and measuring machines.

Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D2: Advanced Celestial Mechanics: Astronomy C2 prerequisite.—Determination
of the position of an undisturbed body from known elements,
determination of the elements of an undisturbed orbit, perturbations.

Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D3: Astrophysics: Astronomy C1 prerequisite.—A discussion
of astronomical problems.

Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D4: Photographic Astronomy: Astronomy C1 prerequisite.—
Theory and reduction of astronomical photographs, including spectrograms.

Professor Mitchell.

The Leander McCormick Observatory is situated upon Mount Jefferson,
which furnishes an unobstructed horizon. The principal building is a rotunda
forty-five feet in diameter, containing the Clark refractor of twenty-six inches
aperture which was the largest in the world when constructed. The instrument
and building are the gift of the late Leander J. McCormick, Esq., of
Chicago. The telescope is fitted with micrometer, photometer, and plate-holder
for stellar photography. The offices adjoining contain clocks, chronograph,
machines for measuring astronomical photographs and spectrograms,
a microphotometer, and an excellent working library. In detached buildings
are: (1) a three-inch transit and a six-inch Clark equatorial with three
photographic cameras; and (2) a ten-inch photographic telescope and objective
prism.

The members of the Visiting Committee of the Leander McCormick Observatory
are:

THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY.
THE RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY.
MR. ROBERT HALL MCCORMICK.
MR. LEANDER MCCORMICK-GOODHART.
THE DIRECTOR OF THE HARVARD COLLEGE OBSERVATORY.
THE DIRECTOR OF THE LEANDER MCCORMICK OBSERVATORY.

189

For information in regard to the Vanderbilt Fellowships in astronomy, see
page 173.

JOHN B. CARY MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE

Biblical Literature B1: The literature to the destruction of the kingdoms
of Israel and Judah with special reference to historic background and sources.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Forrest.

Biblical Literature B1: Repeat Section: Will begin with the second
term and continue through the third term for the benefit of students needing
to take up new courses in those terms. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 2 session-hours.)

Mr. W. K. Smith.

Biblical Literature B2: The literature from beginning of the Babylonian
exile to the close of the New Testament. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Forrest.

Biblical Literature C1: (Philosophy C11): Any two B courses in Biblical
Literature or Philosophy prerequisite.—An investigation of the Jewish and Hellenistic
elements entering into the theology of Christianity during the first two
centuries.

Professor Forrest.

MILLER SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE AND
BLANDY EXPERIMENTAL FARM

A fee is charged for each laboratory course at the rate of $10 for three
terms, $7 for two terms, and $4 for one term. Any course may be withdrawn
unless elected by at least four students.

I. Biology and Agriculture

Biology B1: General Biology: An elementary study of organisms and
the relations between animals and plants. Plants will be studied from the
standpoint of metabolism and growth, and animals from that of structure and
response. Types will be chosen which illustrate the fundamental biological
laws and throw light on the place of man among living things. Three hours
of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6
session-hours.)

Professors Lewis and Kepner, Associate Professor Reynolds, Assistant
Professors Betts and Davis and Assistants.

Biology C1: Evolution and Heredity: Biology B1 prerequisite.—Evolution,
the theory and its history; the principles of heredity and their application
to human problems. Three hours of lecture per week.

Professor Lewis.

190

Biology C2: Genetics: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A study of the fundamental
principles of heredity, with special emphasis on their various applications
and on the origins and relations of characters. First and second terms
only. Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week.

Professor White.

Biology C3: Economic Plants: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A study of the
family groups of plants from the standpoint of their value to man. Lectures
and demonstrations, three hours per week. First and second terms only.

Professor White.

Biology C4: Principles of Plant Physiology: Biology B1 and Chemistry
B1 prerequisite.—Designed to emphasize the fundamental principles underlying
the more important aspects of Plant Physiology. The course is intended especially
for those who desire a basic, yet elementary point of view. Experiments will be
performed dealing with such subjects as physiology of the living cell,—osmosis,
permeability, metabolism, respiration, as well as other physico-chemical properties
of protoplasm; physiology of the organism as a whole,—photosynthesis, mineral
nutrition, water relations, growth, reproduction and environmental influences.
Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. First and second
terms.

Assistant Professor Davis.

Biology D1: Advanced Work in Genetics: Each student will be expected
to carry out original investigations bearing on problems in this field.
Hours by appointment. This course includes an evening seminar, meeting
once a week throughout the year.

Professor White.

Biology D2: Advanced Cellular Physiology: Biology B1, Chemistry B1,
prerequisite; Chemistry B3, Physics B1, and Mathematics B2 recommended.—
This course deals with the physiological mechanism of the living cell. Considerable
attention will be paid to the physico-chemical nature of protoplasm, the biological
significance of hydrogen-ion concentration, enzyme studies, plant and animal
pigments, oxidation-reduction phenomena and other metabolic relations of cells and
tissues. The physical and chemical facts and principles prerequisite to the treatment
outlined above will be thoroughly discussed. Topics will be assigned individually
referring to original literature. Three hours of lecture per week.

Assistant Professor Davis.

Biology D3: Plant Physiology Seminar: Prevalent theories in this field
will be discussed from prepared papers on selected topics. Certain problems
will be required. One hour per week through the session. Hours by appointment.

Assistant Professor Davis.

Biology D4: Plant Physiology Research: Original investigation in
some of the lines mentioned above, more especially those enumerated under
Biology D2, or problems associated with the filtrable virus diseases of plants.
Hours by appointment.

Assistant Professor Davis.

191

II. Botany

Botany C1: Plant Morphology: Biology B1 prerequisite.—The evolution
of plants based on a morphological study of a series of types, which will
represent the more important families of algae, fungi, liverworts, mosses, ferns,
and seed plants. First and second terms only. Three hours of lecture and
six hours of laboratory per week.

Professor Lewis and Dr. Cocke.

Botany C2: Taxonomy of the Flowering Plants: Biology B1 prerequisite.
—Fresh and herbarium specimens will be used for study. Three hours of
lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. Third term only.

Assistant Professor Betts.

Botany D1: Advanced work along some of the lines indicated above.
The work will be varied to suit the needs of students applying for the
course. Hours by appointment.

Professor Lewis.

III. Zoölogy.

Zoölogy C1: Experimental Zoölogy: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A comparative
study of the morphology and behavior of typical invertebrates.
Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. The work of
the first two terms of this course is based upon the lower invertebrates and
represents a complete course.

Professor Kepner.

Zoölogy C2: Parasitology: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A study of the parasitic
protozoa, worms, and insects, with special emphasis on those which
attack man. In each case some of the free-living forms will be studied as
a basis for comparison. The scope of this work will include morphological
studies, life-histories and the methods utilized by the parasites in getting
from one host to another. Discussion of current literature by the students
may be substituted for a lecture at any time. Three hours of lecture and
six hours of laboratory per week. First and second terms only.

Associate Professor Reynolds.

Zoölogy C3: Medical Entomology: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A study of
the parasitic arthropods, especially those that attack man. Three hours of lecture
and six hours of laboratory per week. Third term only.

Associate Professor Reynolds.

Zoölogy C4: Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy: Biology B1 prerequisite.—This
course is introduced by a general study of representative species
of chordates. A comparative study is made of the various organic systems
found in the different classes of vertebrates with special reference to their
origin, structure and function. Ample opportunity is afforded for vertebrate
dissection. Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week.
First and second terms only.

Mr. Gilbert.

192

Zoölogy C5: Comparative Vertebrate Embryology: Biology B1 prerequisite.—A
study of the development of vertebrate embryos, especially the frog, chick
and pig. Some practice in embryological technique will be afforded. Three
hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. Third term only.

Mr. Gilbert.

Zoölogy D1: Advanced work along lines suggested by the student's interest
and needs. Independent research will be demanded of each member
of the class. Hours by appointment.

Professor Kepner.

Zoölogy D2: Research on the morphology, physiology, or genetics of
protozoa. Hours by appointment.

Associate Professor Reynolds.

Seminar: Weekly meetings are held for the study of current literature
and the discussion of research in progress. Attendance is required of all
students in graduate courses.

The Biological Laboratory, completed in 1920, is provided freely with
electricity, gas, and water. The equipment consists of compound microscopes
of the best types, microtomes, paraffin ovens, incubators, sterilizers,
and other apparatus required for general and advanced work. Special apparatus
will be provided as needed. The departmental library contains a working
collection of biological texts and books of reference, as well as files of
the more important journals, and a series of biological reprints.

Affiliated with the Miller School of Biology is the Blandy Experimental
Farm, established by bequest of the late Graham F. Blandy. The Director,
Professor Orland E. White, is in residence at the University during the first
two terms. During the third term and Summer Quarter he directs research
of advanced students at the farm, which is in Clarke County, Virginia. For
such students the farm serves as a field laboratory for experimental work.

Fellowships: There are available five research fellowships in Genetics
in connection with the Blandy Experimental Farm. These carry honorariums
varying from $500 to $1,000. All five include free tuition. These
fellowships present an opportunity for graduate study and research accompanied
by a limited amount of instructional work involving not over one
hundred hours. They cover a period of eleven months annually, and are
designed to encourage investigational work leading towards advanced degrees.
They are open to men and women with a bachelor's degree from
a college or university of recognized standing, who have had special training
in biological and agricultural subjects. The first two terms are spent at
the University, the remainder of the time at the Blandy Experimental Farm.

A limited number of General Education Board Research Fellowships are
available, the emolument varying from $500 to $1,000 according to the training
and qualification of the holders.

Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy: Students who
select biology as their Major Subject, in addition to meeting the regular University
requirements, must have a general knowledge of related sciences,

193

such as chemistry, geology and physics; and a comprehensive knowledge of
the various aspects of biology, as attested by the completion of prescribed
courses and such examinations as may be imposed. Special attention is called
to University requirements relating to French and German. The completion
of residence requirements and class work does not guarantee a degree to any
student. The preeminent qualifications are thoroughness, resourcefulness,
initiative and ability to do creative work.

SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY

A fee of $20.00 and a breakage deposit of $5.00 are required for each
course involving laboratory work, and for research courses.

Chemistry B1a: General Chemistry: The fundamental principles of chemistry.
The first term is devoted to an introduction to the atomic theory and
the chemical view of matter and a study of acids, bases, and salts. The
second term occupies a consideration of the electrolytic dissociation theory,
oxidation and reduction reactions, equilibrium, and typical nonmetallic elements.
The third term is devoted to an introduction to the chemistry of carbon,
the descriptive chemistry of the more important metals and a brief introduction
to qualitative analysis. Three hours of lecture and six hours of
laboratory per week. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Carter, Dr. Bell and Assistants.

Chemistry B1b: For students applying for Bachelor of Science in Chemistry
or Chemical Engineering.—First half-session same as Chemistry B1a.
Second half-sesssion devoted to qualitative analysis and special topics in
descriptive chemistry. Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory
per week. (B.S. in Chem. or Chem. Engrg. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Carter, Dr. Bell and Assistants.

Chemistry B2: Chemical Principles: Chemistry B1 prerequisite.—An
intermediate course designed to bridge the gap between general chemistry
and physical chemistry. The principles touched upon during the first-year
course are restated and treated from a more advanced viewpoint. Two
hours of lecture per week. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours, when
taken with B2a or B2b.)

Professor Yoe.

Chemistry B2a: Qualitative Analysis: Prerequisite, Chemistry B1a: Co-requisite,
Chemistry B2.—A laboratory course devoted to the study of systematic
qualitative analysis. Six hours of laboratory work per week and
one lecture or recitation on the technique and theory of analytical chemistry.

Professor Yoe and Assistants.

Chemistry B2b: Quantitative Analysis: Prerequisite, Chemistry B1b:
Co-requisite, Chemistry B2.—A laboratory course designed to accompany Chemistry
B2 and to introduce the theory and practice of volumetric and gravimetric
methods of analysis, including an introduction to electro-analysis. Nine hours per

194

week, including one demonstration or recitation on the technique and theory of
quantitative analysis.

Professor Yoe and Assistants.

Note: Chemistry B2 and B2a are specially recommended to pre-medical
students who wish to obtain more chemistry than the minimum requirement
of the Medical School.

Chemistry B3: Organic Chemistry: Chemistry B1a or b prerequisite.—
An introduction to the study of the compounds of carbon, including the
application of modern chemical theory to such compounds and their reactions.
Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Bird and Assistants.

Chemistry B5: Undergraduate Research: To be eligible for this course
a student must have completed at least two of the three courses, B3, B2b
and C1, and must either have taken or be taking the third.—Properly qualified undergraduate
students are given opportunity to undertake an original investigation
of some problem in chemistry under the direction of a member of the teaching
staff. The student will be expected to devote to his problem a minimum
of nine hours per week throughout the year. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Chemistry C1: Physical Chemistry: Chemistry B2 and B2b, Physics B1,
and some knowledge of calculus prerequisite.—An introductory study of atomic
structure theory, kinetic theory and the principle of the conservation of energy form
the foundations of the study of gases, liquids, solids, solutions and rates of reaction.
A brief study of the direction of chemical change is then followed
by the consideration of homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria. Three
hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory per week.

Professor Benton, Assistant Professor Spencer and Assistant.

Chemistry C2: Advanced Organic Chemistry: Chemistry B2, B2b and B3
prerequisite.—Normally Chemistry C2a is co-requisite, but C2 may be taken without
laboratory.—A systematic course of review and extension of the facts and
theories of Organic Chemistry from an advanced viewpoint. Introductory
discussions of special fields will be given during the latter part of the course.
Particular emphasis will be laid on mechanism of reactions, structure, and
configuration of organic molecules. Topics will be assigned individually
referring to original literature. Three hours of lecture per week. Laboratory
work may be selected from Chemistry C2a, b, c, d, e.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry C2a: Advanced Experimental Organic Chemistry: Chemistry
B2, B2b and B3 prerequisite: Co-requisite: Chemistry C2.—A laboratory
course designed to accompany Chemistry C2 and to give a broad experience in
experimental methods and technique of Organic Chemistry. The work will
consist of organic syntheses, quantitative organic analysis, identification of
organic compounds, and an introduction to methods of organic research.
Six hours of laboratory and one hour of lecture or consultation at the option
of the instructor.

195

Students specializing in Chemistry or Biochemistry may substitute for
C2a the parallel courses C2b, c, d, in which the work will be varied to suit
individual needs.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry C2b: Organic Syntheses: First term.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry C2c: Analytical Organic Chemistry: Second term. Includes
quantitative analytical methods commonly used in Organic Chemistry, and
qualitative methods of identifying organic compounds.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry C2d: Introduction to Organic Research: Third term.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry C2e: Micro Organic Analysis: Second or third term.

Dr. Small.

All students planning to take Chemistry C2b, c, d, or e should make
arrangements with the instructor in September. These courses involve a
minimum of nine hours of laboratory per week.

Chemistry C3: Advanced Analytical Chemistry: Chemistry B2 and
B2b prerequisite.—Conferences devoted to fundamental principles and recent developments
in Analytical Chemistry. One hour per week.

Professor Yoe.

Chemistry C3a: Advanced Analytical Chemistry Laboratory: Chemistry
B2 and B2b prerequisite.—A laboratory course consisting of a study of the application
of the principles of quantitative analysis to various materials. The work
will be selected from such subjects as Rock, Ore, Steel, Gas, Coal, and
Water Analysis. Six hours of laboratory per week.

Professor Yoe.

Chemistry C4: Applied Chemistry: Chemistry B3 and C1 prerequisite.—
The lectures and recitations in this course are devoted to the study of fundamental
principles underlying the more important phases of industrial chemistry,
including both theoretical and economic problems. A considerable
amount of collateral reading in descriptive industrial chemistry is assigned,
and written reports involving use of the literature are required. Better appreciation
of the quantitative relationships existing in the applications of
chemistry is gained through problem work paralleling the lecture material.
A number of plant inspection trips are arranged during the year. Lectures
and recitations, three hours per week.

Associate Professor Hitchcock.

Chemistry C5: Thermodynamics and Chemistry: A systematic study
of the application of thermodynamics in the solution of chemical problems.
Three class hours per week.

Assistant Professor Spencer.

196

Chemistry D1: Atomic Structure: An introduction to the modern
theory of atomic and molecular structure and its application in the study of
the chemical and physical properties of matter. Radioactivity, crystal structure
and an outline of the theory of atomic and molecular spectra are included.
Three class hours per week.

Professor Benton.

Chemistry D2: Special Topics in Organic Chemistry: Chemistry C1, C2,
and a reading knowledge of German prerequisite.—A course designed for graduate
students specializing in Organic Chemistry. It includes discussion of
such subjects as: Terpenes, molecular rearrangements, homo- and heterocyclics,
carbohydrates, proteins, natural products, alkaloids, drugs, dyes, electronic
concepts, and theories of reaction mechanism and valence. Individual
study of original literature and occasional reports are required. Three
hours per week.

Associate Professor Lutz.

Chemistry D3: The Kinetics of Chemical Reaction: A course designed
for graduate students interested in the field of reaction kinetics and catalysis.
Three class hours per week.

Professor Benton.

Chemistry D4: Selected Topics in Physical Chemistry: Conducted as a
seminar for students specializing in Physical Chemistry. The topics chosen
vary from year to year, and cover such fields as kinetic theory, photochemistry,
phase rule, electrochemistry, etc. Three class hours per week.

Professor Benton.

Chemistry D5: Advanced Thermodynamics: A course designed for students
specializing in Physical Chemistry, covering such topics as derivation
of thermodynamic data from band spectra, systematic calculation of thermodynamic
data of related substances, etc. Three class hours per week.

Assistant Professor Spencer.

Research Courses: Graduate students may undertake original investigation,
under the direction of a member of the staff, in any of the branches of
chemistry for which adequate facilities are available, as indicated below. In
every case the student must satisfy the instructor that his preparation qualifies
him to pursue research with profit. Hours will be arranged in conference
with the instructor. In order that ample time may be available, no student
will be permitted to elect more than one laboratory course in addition to
research.

Chemistry D20: Physical Chemistry, including Reaction Kinetics, Catalysis
and Adsorption.

Professor Benton.

Chemistry D21: Physical Chemistry, including Thermodynamics and
Electrochemistry.

Assistant Professor Spencer.

Chemistry D22: Organic Chemistry.

Professor Bird.

197

Chemistry D23: Organic Chemistry, including problems concerning synthesis,
structure, reaction mechanism and oxidation-reduction potentials.

Associate Professor Lutz and Dr. Small.

Note: Unusual facilities for special research in the chemistry of alkaloids
and drugs are offered in the alkaloid laboratory recently opened under the
auspices of the National Research Council. Graduate students of exceptional
ability may be admitted to this laboratory upon application to Dr. Small or
to Dr. Mosettig.

Chemistry D24: Analytical Chemistry, including Colorimetry and Nephelometry.

Professor Yoe.

Chemistry D25: Colloid Chemistry.

Professor Yoe.

The Chemical Journal Club will meet once a week (hour to be arranged)
for the critical review and discussion of various topics of interest in current
chemical literature and of such chemical researches as are in progress in the
University. All members of the teaching staff and advanced students in chemistry
are expected to participate in these meetings and to take part in the discussions.

The Organic Colloquium will meet bi-weekly (hours to be arranged).
Recent papers of interest to organic chemists will be presented. Graduate
students specializing in Organic Chemistry are expected to support the
meetings. Undergraduates and others interested are invited to attend and
participate in the discussions.

The Chemical Laboratory, recently completed, is of brick, fire-proof construction,
and the three floors afford 45,000 square feet of space. The seven
larger laboratories will accommodate 575 students, and in addition to these
there are numerous smaller laboratories for the use of the staff and advanced
students. There are also rooms for various special purposes, including three
dark rooms. The equipment is satisfactory for purposes of both instruction
and research. The laboratory maintains a working library containing about
5,000 volumes directly relating to chemistry, as well as complete files of the
important periodicals. A gift to the School of Chemistry from Mrs. Hamilton
Barksdale in memory of her husband, and from Delaware alumni and
friends of the University, provides an annual income sufficient for the adequate
maintenance of the library.

Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy: In addition to
fulfilling the regular University requirements for the Degree of Doctor of
Philosophy, candidates for this degree who select chemistry as their Major
Subject must give evidence of thorough training in inorganic, organic, analytical,
and physical chemistry, by passing written qualifying examinations in
these subjects; these examinations to be passed not later than October 15th of the
session in which it is expected that the degree will be conferred.

Fellowships: There are available each session a number of Service Fellowships
in Chemistry, each with an honorarium of $450, and exemption

198

from tuition. These fellowships present the opportunity for graduate study
and research in Chemistry, accompanied by a limited amount of instructional
work. Holders of the fellowships will be expected to devote not more
than fifteen hours a week to instruction, leaving ample time for research and
work toward a graduate degree. On reappointment the required amount of
instructional work may be reduced. The fellowships are open to men who
have received a bachelor's degree from a college or university of recognized
standing, and who have received thorough undergraduate training in chemistry
and physics. Preference will be given to applicants who have studied
calculus, German, and French

In addition to the Service Fellowships, a number of advanced Fellowships,
requiring no instructional work, are also available to students who have
already had graduate training in chemistry in this University or elsewhere.

Applications for Fellowships should be made before March 1, on forms
obtainable from the Secretary of the Chemistry Faculty.

McINTIRE SCHOOL OF COMMERCE

Economics B1: The Principles of Economics: (See James Wilson
School of Economics, page 201.)

Economics B2: The Growth of American Industry and Commerce:
(See James Wilson School of Economics, page 201.)

Economics B3: Money and Banking: (See James Wilson School of
Economics, page 201.)

Economics B4: Elementary Accounting: Theory and practice in the
handling of real and nominal accounts, together with the use of various types
of books of original entry; the opening and closing of books, adjustments,
statements of profit and loss, and balance sheets. The work of the course
will be exemplified through three types of business organization, namely: the
single proprietorship, the partnership, and the corporation, and will consist of
lectures and problems. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Three sections.

Professor Barlow, Mr. Howard, Mr. Cale and Mr. Daniel.

Economics B5: Statistics: Economics B1 and Mathematics A prerequisite.
—A basic course designed to give the student familiarity with statistical problems
and command of the essential methods of collection, presentation and
analysis. Stress will be placed upon the use of statistics as a tool in economic
investigation and in business. Exercises and problems. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hyde and Mr. Graves.

Economics B6: Auditing and Cost Accounting: Economics B4 prerequisite.—First
term: Auditing practice and procedure. Second and third terms:
The construction and operation of cost systems. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.)

Professor Barlow and Mr. Howard.

199

Economics B7: Economics of Marketing: Economics B1 prerequisite.—
During the first term the principles of marketing will be considered and upon
this foundation will rest the work of the second term in the principles of
merchandising and also that of the third term in the economics of advertising.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor de Chazeau.

Economics B9: Advanced Accounting: Economics B4 prerequisite.—A
detailed study of corporation accounting from the organization of a corporation
through its dissolution. Such topics as the acquisition, the appreciation
and depreciation, and the ultimate disposition of balance sheet items will be
considered. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Barlow and Mr. Daniel.

Economics B10: Insurance: Economics B1 prerequisite.—The underlying
principles and practices of various forms of insurance will be considered during
the first term. Second term: Casualty insurance, together with details of
life insurance. Third term: Marine, fire, fidelity insurance. The course will
consist of special topics for field investigation, reports, assigned readings, etc.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hulvey.

Commercial Law B1: Not open to first-year students.—A detailed study
of the fundamental and important, rather than the technical, principles of
those subjects of which some knowledge is necessary in ordinary commercial
transactions, including contracts, negotiable instruments, agency, partnerships,
bailments and carriers, sales of personal property, insurance. Instruction is
given in the practical drafting of business documents, such as simple contracts,
powers of attorney, articles of copartnership, mortgages, deeds of
trust and bills of sale. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hulvey and Mr. Fishburne.

Economic Geography B1: First term: Elements of geography. Second
term: Economic geography of North America. Third term: Economic geography
of Europe. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Starnes, Mr. Marshall, Mr. Crowell and Mr.
Ellett.

Note: The following courses, primarily for graduates, may be taken by
advanced undergraduates with the permission of the instructor.

Economics C1: Public Finance: (See James Wilson School of Eco-Economics,
page 201.)

Economics C2: Advanced Money and Banking: (See James Wilson
School of Economics, page 201.)

Economics C3: Advanced Accounting: Economics B4 and one other
B course in the School of Economics or in the School of Commerce, prerequisite.—
The content of this course is based upon the content of Economics B9, but is
adapted to graduate students.

Professor Barlow.

200

Economics C4: Corporation Finance: Economics B1 and B4 prerequisite.
—The course falls into two main divisions. (a) The financial policies of corporations
with respect to the instruments of long term finance, the working capital
position, the administration of income, the causes of failure and problems of
reorganization. (b) The principles of investment.

Professor Kincaid and Mr. Mustard.

Economics C5: Foreign Trade: Economics B1 and one other course in the
School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—An analysis of the
economic principles underlying foreign trade, commercial treaties and tariffs, financial
settlements and foreign exchange. In the third term a study will be made of
various problems in foreign trade including foreign markets, the gold standard,
U. S. trade as a creditor nation, the American mercantile marine.

Associate Professor de Chazeau.

Economics C6: Labor Problems: Economics B1 and one other course in
the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—A study of the
relations between employer and employee, agencies for the promotion of industrial
peace including profit-sharing plans, bonus systems, co-operative enterprises, etc.,
a study of representative plans for the management of labor, copartnership and
labor organizations.

Associate Professor Starnes.

Economics C7: Business Combinations: Economics B1 and one other
course in the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—A study
of various kinds of business units and of the growth of large business organizations
in this country and in Europe in recent times. Special emphasis is given
to the causes of this growth, the forms, legal status and relations to business
efficiency of these combinations, and the social problems arising out of their
formation. The organization of pools, cartels, holding companies, mergers, etc.,
is investigated particularly with reference to price policies.

Professor Berglund and Mr. Hunsberger.

Economics C8: Economic Evolution in Western Europe: (See James
Wilson School of Economics, page 202.)

Economics C10: Transportation: Economics B1 and one other course in
the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—A study of modern
transportation systems, especially rail and water lines. Special attention is given
to character of traffic, rate-making systems, recent governmental regulations and
policies and problems of railroad and shipping finance. This course calls for
advanced investigation of rate-making and traffic problems and of governmental
policies.

Professor Berglund and Mr. Holsinger.

Economics C11: The Development of Economic Thought: (See James
Wilson School of Economics below.)

Economics C12: Regulation of Public Utilities: Economics B1 and one
other course in the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—
A study of basic principles and trends in the regulation of public utilities

201

in the United States with special emphasis upon the determination of the
rate base, rates and rate structure of utilities other than railroads. In the
third term special attention will be given to regulation as a phase of social
planning.

Associate Professor de Chazeau.

The Delta Sigma Pi Scholarship Key is awarded annually to the candidate
for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Commerce ranking highest in
scholarship during the entire course of study in Commerce and Business
Administration.

JAMES WILSON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS

Economics

Economics B1: The Principles of Economics: Not open to first year
students.—First and second terms: Survey of the principles of Economics. Third
term: The bearing of these principles upon present American conditions. Instruction
will be given by lectures, assigned readings, discussions and written
tests. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Snavely, Associate Professor Hyde and Assistants.

Economics B2: The Growth of American Industry and Commerce:
Economics B1 prerequisite or may be taken concurrently.—A study of the influence
of economic conditions upon American social and political development.
This study is preceded by a short review of European, particularly English, industrial
development before and during the colonial period. Special emphasis is
given to the influence of various phases of American industrial environment upon
the culture and civilization inherited from Europe. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.)

Professor Berglund and Mr. Hunsberger.

Economics B3: Money and Banking: Economics B1 prerequisite.—The
first term is devoted to financial organization, the second to commercial banking
and the Federal reserve system, while the third is given over to the principles of
money. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Kincaid and Mr. L. C. Vaughan.

Note: The following courses, primarily for graduates, may be taken by
advanced undergraduates with the permission of the instructor.

Economics C1: Public Finance: Economics B1 and one other B course
in the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—First and second
terms: The general principles of public finance, with a detailed investigation of
state and local taxation. Third term: The financial institutions and methods
of the federal government.

Professor Snavely and Mr. J. J. Smith.

Economics C2: Advanced Money and Banking: Economics B1 and one
other B course in the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—

202

The course includes: (a) Money, bank credit and prices; (b) central banks and
(c) business cycles.

Professor Kincaid and Mr. Cale.

Economics C8: Economic Evolution in Western Europe: Economics
B1 and one other course in the School of Economics or School of Commerce
prerequisite.—A treatment of the development of the economic basis of modern
civilization will form the background for an investigation of the working of
economic laws and a critical consideration of the actual problems that presented
themselves for solution in ancient, medieval and modern times. Emphasis will
be placed upon individual work and group discussion.

Associate Professor Hyde.

Economics C11: The Development of Economic Thought: Economics B1
and one other course in the School of Economics or School of Commerce prerequisite.—First
and second terms: A study of the main currents of economic
thought from the earliest times to the end of the nineteenth century. Third
term: A critical study of current economic thought.

Associate Professor Starnes.

Economics D1: History of Economic Theory: First term: Economic
Theory to the time of Adam Smith. Associate Professor Starnes. Second
term: Adam Smith and his contemporaries. Professor Kincaid. Third term:
Ricardo and Mill. Professor Snavely.

Economics D2: Economic Theory Since the Middle of the Nineteenth
Century: First and second terms: Neo-classical Economics. Professor Snavely.
Third term: The Historical and Psychological Schools. Professor Berglund.

Economics D3: Problems in Recent Economic Theory.

Economics D4: Economic Research.

Professors Snavely, Barlow, Berglund and Kincaid, Associate Professors
Starnes, Hulvey, Hyde and de Chazeau.

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

In 1920 the Curry Memorial School of Education was organized as a
Department of the University, coördinate with the other professional Departments.
The courses in Education, however, also count as Electives-at-Large
and Major-Electives toward the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and
Bachelor of Science in the College. The following is a list of the courses
offered. A detailed statement of each course will be found under the announcement
of the Curry Memorial Department of Education.

Education B1: History of Education: (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Zehmer.

Education B2: Educational Psychology: (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Ferguson.

203

Education B3: Elementary School Supervision: Junior year. (B.S. in
Education credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professors Acker and McLester.

Education B4: Elementary School Supervision: Senior year. (B.S. in
Education credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professors Acker and McLester.

Education B5: Educational Administration and Supervision: (B.A. or
B.S. credit, 2 session-hours.) Second and third terms.

Professor Manahan and Assistant Professor Jarman.

Education B7: Modern Secondary Education: (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.)

Professor Smithey and Mr. Phippins.

Education B8: School Administration and Supervision: (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Smithey and Mr. Phippins.

Education B11a: Special Methods in High School Subjects: Hours
to be arranged. (Credit, 1 session-hour for each course.)

(1) The Teaching of English in Secondary Schools.

Mr. Alvey.

(2) The Teaching of Mathematics in Secondary Schools.

Mr. Lankford.

(3) The Teaching of Science in Secondary Schools.

Mr. Lankford.

(4) The Teaching of Social Studies in Secondary Schools.

Mr. Swindler.

Education B11b: Directed Teaching: Open only to seniors. Education B7
and B11a prerequisite.—Hours to be arranged. (B.S. in Education credit, 2 session-hours.)

Professor Smithey and Critic Teachers.

Education B12: School Hygiene and Sanitation: Hours to be arranged.
(Credit, 1 session-hour.) First term.

Assistant Professor Jarman.

Education C2: Problems in School Administration: Education B5 and
Education B7 or B8 prerequisite.—To be given in alternate years with Education
C3.

Professor Manahan and Assistant Professor Jarman.

Education C3: Problems in Elementary School Supervision: Education
B5 and Education B7 or B8 prerequisite.—To be given in alternate years with
Education C2.

Professor Manahan and Assistant Professor Jarman.

204

Education C4: Problems in High School Administration: Education B7
and Education B8 or B5 prerequisite.—To be given in alternate years with Education
C5. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Smithey.

Education C5: Problems in High School Supervision: Education B8 and
one other B course in Education prerequisite.—To be given in alternate years
with Education C4.

Professor Smithey.

Education C6: Mental Measurement: Psychology B1 and one B course
in Education prerequisite.

Professor Ferguson.

Note: Psychology C3, Genetic Psychology, Psychology C4, Theoretical
Psychology, Psychology C5, Systematic Psychology, Psychology C6, Special
Topics in Genetic Psychology, and Psychology C8, Statistical Method, may
be offered toward meeting the requirements for graduate degrees in Education.

See descriptions of these courses under School of Psychology.

Education D1: Seminar in Educational Psychology: Hours by appointment.

Professor Ferguson.

Education D2: Seminar in School Administration: Hours by appointment.

Professor Manahan.

Education D3: Seminar in Secondary Education: Hours by appointment.

Professor Smithey.

SCHOOLS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

Linden Kent Memorial School of English Literature

Edgar Allan Poe School of English

English A1: Composition and English Literature.—1. Composition,
with weekly themes and parallel reading. 2 and 3. Survey of English literature,
with parallel reading and frequent themes. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
for those who have not received credit for English A2.) Twenty
sections.

Associate Professors H. P. Johnson, Gordon and Davis, Assistant Professor
Shepperson, Mr. Vaughan, Mr. Varner, Mr. Gravely, Mr. R. B.
Davis, Mr. Powell, and Mr. McEwen.

English A2: Composition and Reading: For engineering students.—
1. Composition with frequent themes and parallel reading in scientific literature.
2. The short report and letter writing. 3. The composition of technical

205

papers with special reference to the long report. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours for those who have not received credit for English A1.)

Mr. J. L. Vaughan.

English B1: American Poetry and Prose: English A1 prerequisite.—
1. Nineteenth-Century American Poetry. 2. American Essays and longer narratives
(Novel and Drama). 3. The American Short Story. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Gordon.

English B2: Drama and Biography: English A1 or A2 prerequisite.—1.
Shakespeare. Three tragedies studied in class and other plays assigned as parallel
reading. Written reports. 2. Shakespeare continued. Three comedies studied
in class and others read as parallel. 3. Biography in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries. Written reports. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Metcalf and Assistants.

English B3: Poetry and Prose of the Nineteenth Century and Later:
English A1 or A2 prerequisite.—1. Nineteenth-century poetry. 2. Prose from
Lamb to Stevenson. 3. Contemporary poets and novelists. Parallel reading
and frequent papers. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Wilson and Assistants.

English B4: The English Comic Tradition: English A1 or A2 prerequisite.—1.
Chaucer and medieval humor: The Canterbury Tales and other
literature from the middle ages. 2. Elizabethan literature. 3. Certain Restoration
and eighteenth-century comedies and novels. Lectures, collateral reading,
and the study of the texts. The literature of the medieval period will be read
in translation. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Hench.

English B5: Drama, Essay, and Eighteenth-Century Poetry: English
A1 or A2 prerequisite.—1. Shakespeare. Several of the historical plays studied
in class and others assigned as parallel reading. Written reports. 2. The early
eighteenth-century essayists. 3. Pope and his successors. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor H. P. Johnson.

English B6: Composition: English A1 or A2 prerequisite.—The course
affords the student an opportunity to practice writing under critical supervision.
Designed primarily for those having some interest and ability in writing, it does not
exclude those who desire to overcome their disabilities in expression. Weekly
themes vary from simple exposition and description to the finished essay and
short story. Considerable parallel reading, with the writing of reviews, is called
for throughout the year. Scope is left for individual preference in the choice of
reading and in the types of writing. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Two sections.

Associate Professor Davis and Assistant Professor Shepperson.

English B7: Three Eminent Victorians and Their Times, with side
Glances at Certain of Their Contemporaries. 1. Alfred Tennyson. 2. Matthew

206

Arnold. 3. A. C. Swinburne. Following a thorough consideration of these and
other Victorians, an attempt will be made to revalue their work in the light
of recent twentieth-century criticism of the Victorian Age. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Davis.

English B8: Introduction to the English Language: English A1 or A2
prerequisite.—1. The Nature and Structure of Language, with special attention
to (a) Language and Writing, (b) Language and Thought, (c) the Changes
which affect Languages. 2. The early history of the English Language, with
special attention to relations between the various stages of the English Language
and cultural history, and to the development of sounds and grammar. 3. The
recent history of the English Language, with special attention to the differences
between colloquial and formal written English. Lectures, recitations, and discussions,
supplemented by exercises in word study, the study of Old and Middle
English with the aid of translations. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hill.

The following courses are for graduates and advanced undergraduates.

English C1: The Novel: Any two B courses in the Schools of English
Language and Literature prerequisite.—1. The early English novel and its background.
2. The later nineteenth-century novel. 3. The contemporary English
novel.

Professor Wilson.

English C2: The Drama, Elizabethan and Modern: Any two B courses
in the Schools of English Language and Literature prerequisite.—1. The Elizabethan
drama (exclusive of Shakespeare). 2. Restoration and eighteenth-century
drama. 3. The modern British drama.

Associate Professor Gordon.

English C3: Literature and Thought in England, 1789-1832 (Romantic
Period): Any two B courses in the Schools of English Language and Literature
prerequisite.—Some acquaintance with the course of English history is
presumed, but is not prerequisite. English literature of the earlier nineteenth
century studied in relation to the history, literary biography, and thought of the
period. The course will link the fields of history and literature.

Associate Professor Davis.

English C4: Literature and Thought in England, 1832-1900 (Victorian
Period): Any two B courses in the Schools of English Language and Literature
prerequisite.—Some acquaintance with the course of English history is presumed,
but is not prerequisite. English literature of the middle and later nineteenth
century studied in relation to the history, literary biography, and thought
of the period. The course will link the fields of history and literature. (Not offered
in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Davis.

207

English C5: Chaucer: Any two B courses in the Schools of English
Language and Literature prerequisite.—A study of Chaucer's writings and background.

Professor Hench.

English C6: Literary Composition: English B6 and one other B course
prerequisite. This course is open only to those of proved aptitude in Composition
who have obtained the consent of the professor in charge.—1. Essay writing
and book-reviewing. 2. The writing of sketches and short stories. 3. Dramatic
composition. Parallel reading in current periodical literature. By consent also,
this course may be taken two years in succession. Conferences.

Associate Professor Gordon.

English C7: Old English: Any two B courses in the Schools of English
Language and Literature prerequisite.—1. Old English prose. 2. Old English
poetry: Beowulf. 3. Beowulf.

Professor Hench.

English C8: Middle English: Any two B courses in the Schools of English
Language and Literature prerequisite.—Readings, in the original, in romances,
tales, religious works, satires, and other types of literature in England in the
Middle Ages, exclusive of Chaucer. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Hench.

English C9: Eighteenth-Century Prose Fiction: Any two B courses
in the Schools of English Language and Literature prerequisite.—The Eighteenth-Century
Novel with considerable parallel reading and frequent reports. The
beginnings of the novel in English are traced from earliest times through the
eighteenth century.

Assistant Professor Shepperson.

English C10: The History of the English Language: English B8 and
one other B course prerequisite.—A reading knowledge of Old English is
desirable. 1. Old English: its development and dialects. 2. Middle English:
its development and dialects. 3. Modern English: standard written English,
standard spoken English, dialects, recent developments and tendencies. Lectures,
reading of texts with interpretations of forms and constructions. Hours
by appointment.

Associate Professor Hill.

English C11: Middle English: Two B courses prerequisite.—English
writers in prose and verse from 1150 to the end of the fourteenth century. This
course is designed primarily to give a reading knowledge of Middle English by a
chronological study of some of the chief texts exclusive of Chaucer.

Associate Professor Hill.

The following courses are for advanced graduate students.

English D1: 1. Edgar Allan Poe. 2. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hours by
appointment. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Wilson.

208

English D2: 1. The Early English Drama. 2. Elizabethan Prose.
Hours by appointment. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Metcalf.

English D3: Shakespeare and his Times: Hours by appointment.

Professor Wilson.

English D4: 1. Spenser and his Age: Studies in non-dramatic Elizabethan
poetry. Some knowledge of Italian is desirable. 2. Milton and his
Age: Hours by appointment.

Professor Metcalf.

English D5: The Renaissance in England: 1. A study of some of the
persons and movements on the continent contributing to the renaissance in England.
2. Studies in the literature and thought of England in the fifteenth and
early sixteenth centuries. Hours by appointment.

Professor Hench.

English D6: Chaucer Seminar: English C5, or its equivalent prerequisite.
—The complete works of Chaucer, with the exception of the prose, will be read,
with special attention to literary, bibliographical and historical problems. Each
student will be expected to give a term paper involving some research during the
third term. The course will be divided as follows: 1. The Canterbury Tales. 2.
Troilus and Cressida. 3. The Minor Poems. Hours by appointment.

Associate Professor Hill.

English D7: Seminar in Early Modern English: English C10 prerequisite.—Will
be offered only when one or more qualified students request it.

Associate Professor Hill.

Germanics D1: Gothic: Open to Graduate Students in English.—Three
hours a week, first term, by appointment.

Associate Professor Wood.

Germanics D2: Old Norse: Open to Graduate Students in English.—Three
hours a week, by appointment.

Associate Professor Wood.

French D1: Old French: Open to Graduate Students in English.—1. The
development of the French language in the early medieval period. 2. French
literature from the beginnings down to the fourteenth century.

Associate Professor Mellor.

Note: Candidates for Masters' degrees in English are required to take
at least one of the following session-courses: English C5, C7, C8, C10, C11.
Candidates for the Ph. D. must have English C7 and such other courses in
language and literature as their major professors advise. Thesis subjects must
be submitted to the chairman of the department for faculty approval by November
15 of the final year of candidacy.

Preliminary Examination for the Doctorate in English: A student who
desires to become a candidate for the Doctor's degree in English should stand a

209

preliminary examination in October of the session preceding his final year of
candidacy, and must take this examination not later than October 1 of his last year.
The examination may be written or oral, or both, at the discretion of the
examiners. In case the examination is not satisfactory, the applicant may be
allowed, by permission of the examiners, to present himself for a second trial
after a lapse of at least one academic term. If this second trial is unsatisfactory,
no further examination will be allowed. At the discretion of the professors
concerned, in the case of a student who has received the Master's degree from
this institution, an exceptionally high rating on the work for that degree, including
the oral examination and thesis, may be accepted as the equivalent of the preliminary
examination for the doctorate. Subjects of proposed dissertations should
be submitted for faculty approval after consultation with major professors.

McINTIRE SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS

I. History of Art

History of Art B1: A general course in the history of Ancient Art
with especial emphasis on architecture, painting and sculpture. Three lectures
each week with assigned readings. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Hammarstrand.

History of Art B2: Not open to first-year students—A general course in
the history of Medieval Art. Three lectures each week with assigned readings.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Hammarstrand.

History of Art B3: Not open to first-year students—A general course in
the history of Art of the Renaissance carried to 1800, French Art carried to year
1900. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Hammarstrand.

II. Drawing

Drawing A1: Elementary drawing in pencil and charcoal in the studio.
Fee $5. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 1 session-hour.)

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Drawing A2: Descriptive Geometry in the first term and the Theory
of Pure Design with a drawing in various mediums assigned as preparation for
each lecture in second and third terms. (Credit, 1 session-hour for B.S. in
Architecture only.) Must be taken in conjunction with Drawing A3 and Architectural
Drawing A1.

Mr. Stoddard.

Drawing A3: Descriptive Geometry, Shades and Shadows and Perspective.
One lecture and two hours of preparation in the drafting room.
(Credit, 1 session-hour for B.S. in Architecture only.) Must be taken in conjunction
with Drawing A2 and Architectural Drawing A1.

Mr. Stoddard.

210

Drawing B1: Drawing A1, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Drawing in charcoal
from architectural ornament and cast figures. Fee $5. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
2 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Drawing B2: Drawing B1, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Water-colour from
nature and still-life painting in water-colours. Fee $5. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
2 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Art C1: Drawing B1 and B2, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Outdoor sketching
in color in the first and third terms, studio class in the second term. (M.S. credit,
2 session-hours.)

Professor Campbell.

Art C2: Drawing B2, or equivalent, prerequisite.—The drawing and rendering
of architectural compositions in color. (B.S. or M.S. credit, 1, 2 or 3 session-hours,
according to amount of work accomplished.)

Professor Campbell.

III. Architecture

Architectural Drawing A1: The drawing and rendering of architectural
forms with elements of architecture. Nine drafting-room hours each week. Fee
$15. (Credit, 3 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture only.) Must be taken in
conjunction with Drawing A2 and A3.

Mr. Gochnauer.

Architectural Design B1: Architectural Drawing A1, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Problems
in design, with practice in drawing and rendering. Local
analytiques in preparation for the Class B plan work of the Beaux-Arts Institute
of Design. Required reading. Individual criticisms. Fee $15. (Credit, 4 session-hours
for B.S. in Architecture only.)

Professor Campbell and Assistant Professor Disque.

Architectural Design B2: Architectural Design B1, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Problems
in Design. The Class B projets, including one archaeology
projet, and esquisse-esquisse of the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design. Required
reading. Fee $15. (Credit, 4 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture only.)

Professor Campbell and Assistant Professor Disque.

Architectural Design B3: Architectural Design B2, or equivalent, prerequisite.—Problems
in advanced design. The Class A projets, including one interior
design problem, and the esquisse-esquisse of the Beaux-Arts Institute of
Design. Required reading. Fee $15. (Credit, 6 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture
only.)

Professor Campbell and Assistant Professor Disque.

Architectural Design C1: Architectural Design B3, or equivalent, prerequisite.—The
Class A, and prize competitions of the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design
and a thesis design. Not less than two years' work for a candidate for M.S
(M.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Campbell.

211

Colonial Archaeology C1: Architectural Design B3, or equivalent, prerequisite.—The
historical study with measurements and the drawing of a work of
Architecture in Virginia of the Colonial or Federal period. (M.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Campbell.

Architectural Construction B1: The technique of building construction, including
the study of materials and methods. Practice in the preparation of workings
and details. Wood, masonry, and steel structures. Two lectures and six
hours of drawing each week. (Credit, 3 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture
only.)

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Architectural Construction B2: Architectural Construction B1 prerequisite.—A
continuation of Architectural Construction B1, including the preparation
of working drawings and specifications for more complex structures than
those studied in the previous course. Two lectures and six hours of drawing
each week. (Credit, 3 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture only.) Architectural
Construction B2 is offered alternately with Architectural Construction B3.

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Architectural Construction B3: Architectural Construction B1 prerequisite.
—A continuation of Architectural Construction B2, including a study of the
mechanical equipment of buildings, heating, lighting, sanitation, and electrical
work. Two lectures and six hours of drawing each week. (Credit, 3 session-hours
for B.S. in Architecture only.) Elective subject. Architectural Construction
B3 and Architecture B1 may be given in alternate years.

Assistant Professor Makielski.

Architecture B1: This course to be taken only after the second year
will be an assignment of additional professional work in the school according to
the individual student's needs as determined by his record by the faculty. A
student in excellent standing may elect cultural or technical courses in the College
with the advice of the architectural faculty. (Credit, 2 session-hours for B.S.
in Architecture only.) Architecture B1 and Architectural Construction B3 may
be given in alternate years.

Architectural Building and Equipment: The School of Art and Architecture
is housed in Fayerweather Hall, formerly the old gymnasium. The
main gymnasium floor has been converted into faculty offices and a large drafting
room for instruction in architectural drawing and design. Over the offices is a
balcony arranged for group criticisms, judgment of student drawings and small
exhibitions. The ground floor is occupied by two studios for water-colour and
freehand drawing work, the Fine Arts Library, a small classroom and business
office. The large classes have their lectures and classroom exercises in other
University buildings.

The library contains three thousand books and bound periodicals on painting,
sculpture, architecture and the related minor arts. Additional books on philosophy
of art, archaeology, the theatrical and musical arts are in other school libraries.
The best of American and European architectural and art periodicals are subscribed

212

to. A well-selected collection of slides and photographs for History of
Art lectures is available. The School owns an ample collection of plaster casts
and still-life objects necessary for teaching freehand drawing and water-colour
as well as equipment for instruction in various black and white mediums. A gift
by John Barton Payne of etchings by masters is owned by the University. A
permanent collection of architectural drawings and water-colours for student inspiration
is exhibited on walls. All the printed documents relating to Virginia
Colonial Architecture are on the library shelves and a rapidly increasing collection
of photographs on the same subject is being formed. Opportunities for
original research in Virginia Colonial and Classical Revival Architecture are
afforded by the neighborhood surrounding Charlottesville.

IV. Music

Music A1: Music Fundamentals and Elementary Harmony: Intensive
drill in the underlying rudiments of Music; solfegge; ear training; sight reading;
dictation. Progressive formation of scales; intervals and triads; inversions; principles
of chord connections. Melodic leadings and metrical material. No previous
musical knowledge necessary. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Fickenscher.

Music B1: Musical History and Appreciation: Not open to first-year
students.—The development of music from antiquity to the present time with
typical examples of each phase. Illustrations and analysis of works of the epoch
makers, treating of their style, influence and historic import. The development
of musical instruments and of the orchestra. Illustrated lectures. Collateral
reading. No previous musical knowledge required. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Music B2: Harmony: Students taking this course are required to have
had ear training and a preliminary knowledge of musical notation, intervals and
scale formation, or to take concurrently Music A1. Also to have or to acquire
sufficient piano technique to play simple chord successions. Harmonic relationships
and their tendencies, construction of chords, voice progressions, dissonances,
suspensions, sequences, cadences, the pedal point and modulation. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Music B3: Counterpoint: Students taking this course are required to
have had ear training and a preliminary knowledge of musical notation, intervals,
and scale formation or to take concurrently Music A1. Counterpoint from the
First to the Fifth Species in two, three, and four parts; combined counterpoint.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Fickenscher.

Music B4: Orchestra: Credit to students who have the requisite technical
ability on the following instruments: Piano, Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon,
French Horn, Violin, Cello, Double Bass, Kettle Drums, and other instruments
satisfactory to the conductor. The study of scores and the direction and production

213

of orchestral works. Comprises one two-hour period per week. (3-year
course—B.A. or B.S. credit, 1 session-hour each year.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Students or others not desiring the course for credit are invited to join the
orchestra.

Music B5: Composition: Music B2 and B3 prerequisite.—Advanced Harmony
and Counterpoint. Construction and drill in various rhythmic and melodic
forms. Their use in sections, phrases and periods. Construction of song and
dance forms; the study of these and larger forms, including the sonata form,
through the works of the masters. Application of contrapuntal devices in the
homophonic forms. Students will be given the opportunity to have works performed
by the Choral, Glee Club, Orchestra or Band. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Music B6: Orchestration: Music B5 prerequisite.—(B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Music B7: Vocal Ensemble: Music A1 and one year's full attendance in
the Glee Club prerequisite.—The study, direction and production of part songs and
choral works from the time of the ancient madrigal to and including the present
period. Three hours per week. (2 year course—B.A. or B.S. credit, 1½ session-hours
each year.)

Professor Fickenscher.

Music C1: Advanced Composition: Music B5 and B6 prerequisite.—Advanced
Harmony and Counterpoint, Canon, Fugue, and the larger homophonic
forms.

Professor Fickenscher.

Music C2: Music in the History of the Western Church: prerequisites: Two B courses in the School of Music or the equivalent acquired through private
instruction and study elsewhere. Open to graduates and undergraduates.—Development
of the Music and Liturgy of the Catholic Church during the Middle
Ages and Italian Renaissance. Guido, Saint Ambrose. Gregory the Great and the
Gregorian Chant. The Netherlands School, Palestrina. The influence of the
Papal Choir in European Music. The religious composers of the Classic and
Romantic Periods. Bach, Handel and their successors. The acceptance in
Protestant and Catholic Churches alike of the operatic style of religious composition
during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Associate Professor Pratt.

Choral Singing: Fundamental principles of sight reading. Study of part
songs and other choral works of various masters from the Netherlands School
to the present day. Three concerts during the Academic year. One to two
hours a week.

Professor Fickenscher.

214

Glee Club: Study of cappella and accompanied choruses both classic and
of a lighter character. Students with reading knowledge of music will be given
a preference. Also those playing an instrument which can be of service in the
Glee Club orchestra. As large a group as is financially possible will be taken
on longer trips. For shorter trips and home concerts all students passing the final
tryouts will participate. Two to three hours a week.

Associate Professor Pratt.

Technical Training: Technical training under special instructors in Singing,
Pianoforte, Organ, Violin, Cello, Clarinet and other wind instruments. University
students may arrange for tuition in these branches at a reduction in rates
by application to Professor Fickenscher or Associate Professor Pratt.

Concerts: a. A series of five concerts by artists of international reputation
at moderate prices gives opportunity for extended musical knowledge and
appreciation.

b. A series of twelve ensemble recitals by the faculty of the Music School
affords opportunity for intimate acquaintance with the best in musical literature
and through familiarity to become intelligent in appreciation of the masters.

c. Concerts by the Glee Club and Orchestra.

Equipment: The work offered re-establishes the instruction outlined in
the first curriculum of the University, 1818, the earliest proposal for instruction
in art, architecture, and music in any American university. An unrivalled
background is provided for it by the buildings and environment of Charlottesville;
the University group, with its old buildings specially designed to furnish
examples of the various orders "as specimens for the architectural lectures,"
its new buildings designed by Stanford White; the works of sculpture by Houdon,
Ezekiel, Bitter, Borglum, Keck, Shrady, and Aitken; the concerts and
exhibitions of paintings brought to the University with part of the income of
the McIntire fund.

For Music, the school has two concert grand pianos, an Ampico reproducing
grand piano and an orthophonic victrola. A full set of band instruments
purchased by the Alumni Association, double basses, kettle drums, and
various other unusual instruments for the use of students in the orchestra, a
comprehensive library of chamber music, orchestral scores and parts, operas
and piano classics, as well as books of reference on musical subjects and
collateral reading. There are also available for the Music School a three-manual
Skinner organ in Cabell Hall and a three-manual Moeller organ, the
gift of Paul Goodloe McIntire in connection with the McIntire Amphitheatre,
and a two-manual practice organ in the University Chapel. The following
gifts have been made to the musical library: by Mr. Iredell Jenkins, a valuable
collection of operas, oratorios, light operas, piano music, first editions;
by Professor Gardner Lloyd Carter, piano music and books on musical subjects;
by Mr. Charles Orchard, a set of biographical works; by Mrs. W. H.
Sage, a collection of piano music, violin and cello sonatas, trios, quartettes
and quintettes.

215

V. Dramatic Art

Dramatic Art B1: Playwriting: Not open to first-year students. Other
students will be admitted only after a personal interview with Mr. Boyle. English
B2 or B4 or B5 prerequisite or must be taken concurrently.—The reading and
analysis of plays throughout the year. The dramatization of the short story and
the writing of original one-act plays. Emphasis will be placed on the present-day
life and historical traditions of Virginia. Students from other sections will be
expected to use the materials and background with which they are familiar. Plays
considered worthy of production will be staged by the Virginia Players. Monday
evenings, 7:30 to 10. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Mr. Boyle.

Dramatic Art B2: Play Production: The technique of acting and stage
directing. The essential arts involved in the producing of plays: scene design
and construction, costuming, lighting, etc. Lectures and practical work.
Each student will direct a one-act play and act in two others. This course
in the theory and practice of the theatre is designed for the training of students
participating in the work of the Virginia Players and for those who
plan to become directors of school and community drama work. Afternoon
hours to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Mr. Boyle.

Dramatic Art B4: Advanced Play Production: Dramatic Art B2 prerequisite.—Students
who have had considerable experience in the theatre may
secure the consent of the instructor to take this course concurrently with Dramatic
Art B2.—Lectures, parallel reading and reports. Members of this class will be
assigned responsible positions on the various productions of the Virginia Players.
Afternoon hours to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt and Mr. Boyle.

Dramatic Art B5: History of the Theatre: The changing conventions
of the theatre and their relation to the problems engaging the interest of
playwrights and audiences. The Greek theatre, the Renaissance, and the
modern intimate playhouse. The technique of the movies. Modern problems:
Realism, Symbolism, Expressionism, etc. The technique of playwriting
illustrated by private performances and readings from the plays of
Sophocles, Shakespeare, Ibsen and others. Lectures and discussions. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Pratt.

Dramatic Art C1: Advanced Playwriting: Dramatic Art B1 and one
other B course prerequisite. Open only to those of proved aptitude in playwriting
who have obtained the consent of the professor in charge.—Each student will be
required to satisfactorily complete a full length play. Hours to be arranged.

Associate Professor Pratt.

Virginia Players: H. R. Pratt, Director and Manager, Roger Boyle, Associate
Dircetor, A. J. Barlow, Secretary and Treasurer.—The Virginia Players is
the producing company for the courses in Playwriting and Dramatic Art in the
McIntire School of Fine Arts. It is incorporated under the laws of the State

216

of Virginia as a non-stock corporation: the trustees: Professors J. C. Metcalf,
J. S. Wilson, W. H. Faulkner, W. S. Rodman, A. J. Barlow, H. R. Pratt and
one member from the student body. Its purpose is to develop a State Theatre
which will seek to interpret Virginia to its people through the writing and production
of original plays, and to stage revivals of classic and modern plays. Only
those enrolled as students in the University are eligible to election as Active
Members. Others who participate in the work may be elected Associate Members.

SCHOOL OF FORESTRY

Forestry B1: General Forestry: A comprehensive course, treating of
all branches of forestry. Instruction by lectures and field trips. (B.A. and
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.)

Associate Professor Akerman.

Forestry B2: Silviculture: Forestry B1 prerequisite.—Study of trees of
importance in American silviculture. Natural and artificial reproduction of
stands; methods of cutting to secure reproduction. Care of stands while
growing. Relation between silvicultural practice and protection from fire,
insects, and wind. Instruction by lectures and field trips. Schedule of hours
to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.)
This course alternates with Forestry B4.

Associate Professor Akerman.

Forestry B3: Forest Policy: Forestry B1 prerequisite.—A study of forest
policies of foreign countries and the United States in their historical
setting. Instruction by lectures. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of
electives-at-large.) This course alternates with Forestry B5. (Not offered in
1934-35.)

Associate Professor Akerman.

Forestry B4: Forest Management: Forestry B1 prerequisite.—Measurement
of stands in board feet, cubic feet, and cords. Valuation of soil, growing
stock, and forests. Regulation of cut. Forest working plans and maps.
Instruction by lectures and field trips. Hours to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) This course alternates with Forestry
B2. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Akerman.

Forestry B5: Lumbering and Utilization: Forestry B1 prerequisite.—
Methods of logging, sawing, and transporting lumber. Industries using wood
and other forest products. Preservative treatment of timbers. Instruction
by lectures and field trips. Hours to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) This course alternates with Forestry B3.

Associate Professor Akerman.

217

CORCORAN AND ROGERS SCHOOLS OF GENERAL AND
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

Geology B1: General Geology: Principles of dynamical, structural and
historical geology designed to give a general survey of the forces operating
upon the earth, the phenomena of earthquakes, vulcanism, mountain making,
the form and structure of the earth, and its past history. Three hours of
lectures and six hours of laboratory. Laboratory fee, $3. Two lecture sections.
Six laboratory sections. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Roberts and Assistants.

Geology B2: Applied Geology: May be taken by first-year students.—This
course is primarily for those who wish to obtain a general knowledge of the
place that geology occupies in our present day civilization, the relation of
geological phenomena and conditions to human activities. The course gives
first a resumé of the geological history of the earth and the present day
physiography. It includes a study of geological environmental factors and
their effect on the industrial development of the different regions of the
United States; a study of water supply; a study of the principal minerals,
methods of mining, cost, distribution, and the part they play in the industrial
development of the world; followed, at the end of the last term, with special
lectures on geology and engineering, geology and industry, etc. No laboratory.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Nelson.

Geology B4: Mineralogy: Open to all college students.—First term:
Principles of crystal structure and its relationship to the properties of minerals.
Second and third terms: Descriptive, physical and chemical mineralogy.
Three hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory. Laboratory
fee, $5. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Pegau.

Geology B5: Elementary Mineralogy: Lectures and recitations with
laboratory work on the simple rock-forming and leading ore-forming minerals.
One two-hour laboratory period to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Pegau.

Geology C1: Economic Geology: Geology B1 prerequisite.—General
principles dealing with the classification, origin, distribution, mining, and
uses of metallic and non-metallic ores. Special emphasis is given field trips
to the various mines of the State. Laboratory hours to be arranged. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Nelson.

Geology C2: Petrology: Geology B4 prerequisite.—(a) Physical Crystallography.
Determination of minerals and rocks in thin sections under the
microscope. Optical and microscopical mineralogy with especial reference to
the behavior of minerals as constituents of rock masses. (b) Petrography.
The microscopic structures, mineralogical composition, genetic relations and
distribution of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Lectures and

218

laboratory to the amount of nine hours per week throughout the year, to be
arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Pegau.

Geology C3: Invertebrate Paleontology: Geology B1 prerequisite.—A
systematic course in invertebrate paleontology covering the ontogeny, phylogeny,
morphology, and distribution of forms found in the geologic record
with a certain amount of identification in the laboratory. Hours to be arranged.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Roberts.

Geology C4: Stratigraphy: Geology B1 prerequisite.—General principles
of stratigraphy dealing with its history and development in America and
more important principles of sedimentation. Lecture and laboratory hours
to be arranged. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.) Given in alternate years
with Geology D1.

Professor Nelson.

Geology D1: Structural Geology: Geology B1 and C4 prerequisite.—A
study of the structure of the rocks with especial emphasis on those of sedimentary
origin, the causes of various structures, and the structural relations
of the southern Appalachians. Hours by appointment. Given in alternate years
with Geology C4.

Professors Nelson and Roberts.

Geology D2: Advanced Mineralogy and Petrography: Geology B4 and
C2 prerequisite.—Adapted to the needs of the individual student. Properly
qualified students may pursue work directed along the line of crystallography
or chemical mineralogy or petrographic research. Hours by appointment.

Assistant Professor Pegau.

Geology D3: Advanced Economic Geology: Geology B4 and C1 prerequisite.—Special
topics for students in economic geology selected according
to the needs of the individual student. Hours by appointment.

Professor Nelson.

Geology D4: Advanced General Geology: A more thorough treatment
of the principles of geology as a science and its history. The character of the
work depends upon the needs and preparation of the student and the prerequisites
should be Geology B1, B4, and C3. Hours to be arranged.

Professor Nelson.

Geology D5: Stratigraphical Paleontology: Geology B1, B4, C2 and C3
prerequisite.—The application of paleontology to stratigraphy, and the value of
fossils in correlations. The geology of the Virginias emphasized from the
Cambrian to the Pleistocene, and the index fossils are studied and collections
are made from the various horizons. Hours by appointment.

Professor Roberts.

Journal Club: The staff, assistants, graduate and advanced students
meet on stated evenings during the session for the discussion of current investigations
in stratigraphy, economic geology, mineralogy, petrology, and

219

paleontology. During the year several visiting geologists discuss current
problems at the Club, and such meetings are open to the public.

The Lewis Brooks Museum contains collections illustrating the main
subdivisions of natural history. Each of the collections is arranged so as to
exemplify the principles of the science, and at the same time offers a large
variety of subjects for advanced study. In geology the specimens show the
different kinds of rocks, classified according to mineral character and the
formations in which they occur. The collections of fossils, plaster casts, maps,
etc., are exceptionally fine, and illustrate historical geology. In mineralogy,
the principles of the science are made plain by well-chosen suits of specimens,
models of crystals, etc. The general collection of minerals contains
all the important species, and many of the rarer ones, in good specimens. In
addition to the above, a beginning has been made of a collection to illustrate
the geology and mineralogy of the State of Virginia, and this is being increased
as rapidly as possible.

SCHOOL OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES

German A1: For beginners and for students without entrance-credit in German.—Elementary
grammar, reading, conversation, and composition. Limited
to five sections of 30 each. Five hours a week first term, four hours a week
second and third terms. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those having
no entrance-credit in German.)

Assistant Professor Mohr and Mr. Volm.

German B1: German A1, or not less than 2 entrance-units in German prerequisite.—Review
of grammar, systematic word-study and expansion of vocabulary,
reading, conversation, dictation, and composition. The class is conducted in
German. The reading-texts used in class-work are equipped with material and
apparatus for systematic language-study. Their content is planned to introduce
the student to the culture, science, economics, and politics of modern Germany.
Limited to three sections of 30 each. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Faulkner, Associate Professor Wood, and Assistant Professor
Mohr.

German B2: 6 session-hours of College German or 4 entrance-units in
German prerequisite.—German Literature from 1800 to 1920; advanced composition.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Faulkner.

German C: German B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Of the following
C courses two are given each session, the choice being determined by the
plan of study of the undergraduates who wish to major in German, and of the
graduates who are offering German as part of their work for the Master's or
the Doctor's degree. Students are therefore requested to confer with Professor
Faulkner not later than June 1 preceding the session in which they plan to enter
the course.

In all C courses in German collateral reading in the history of German
Literature and in German biography is required.

220

German C1: Goethe's Life and Works, with intensive study of Faust. (Given
in 1933-34.)

Professor Faulkner.

German C2: Given in German.—Der deutsche Roman von Goethe bis zur
Gegenwart, with intensive study of selected novels.

Professor Faulkner.

German C3: Given in German.—Drama der Klassiker, with intensive study
of Goethe's Egmont, Schiller's Wallenstein, and Lessing's Nathan der Weise.

Associate Professor Wood.

German C4: Given in German.—Deutsche Lyrik, with intensive study of the
lyrics of Goethe and of Heine, and of selected lyrics since 1870.

Associate Professor Wood.

Facilities for Graduate Study: Special funds recently received have made
possible extensive additions to the library in German literature and Germanic
philology, and the school is now equipped to accept candidates for the Doctor's
as well as the Master's degree. Candidates for the Master's degree
will be required to complete not less than two of the C courses, listed above,
and Germanics D3, Old and Middle High German. Candidates for the Doctorate
will in addition complete a program of study covering not less than
two full sessions. Candidates for the Master's degree will be required to
file certificates showing not less than 4 entrance-units in Latin. Candidates
for the Doctorate must, in addition, have credit for not less than one year
of Greek or take and pass a beginners' course in Greek in the College of
Arts and Sciences. The following courses are offered for such candidates
in 1934-35.

Deutsches Colloquium: Open only to students taking German B2 or some
higher course. Required of students majoring in German.—Two hours a week of
practice in speaking German. (No session-hour credit.)

Assistant Professor Mohr and Mr. Volm.

Germanics D1: 1. Gothic: Open to Graduate Students in English or German.—Three
hours a week, first term, by appointment. 2. History of the German
Language: German B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Three hours a week,
second and third terms, by appointment. (Given in 1933-34.)

Associate Professor Wood.

Germanics D2: Old Norse: Open to Graduate Students in English or
German.—Three hours a week, by appointment. (Given in 1933-34.)

Associate Professor Wood.

Germanics D3: Seminar: German B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—
First term: Old High German; Ottfried's Crist; the Heliand. Second and
third terms: Middle High German: Hartmann von Aue's Iwein; the Nibelungenlied.
Hours by appointment. (Given in 1933-34.)

Associate Professor Wood.

221

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF HISTORY

History A1: An introductory survey of world history designed especially to
meet the needs of undergraduates who expect to take only the required three session-hours
of history. Students who already have credit for a B course may not
register for this course. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Barr.

History B1: Medieval History: From the Fourth Century to 1500.—
Open to first-year students. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Dabney.

History B2: Modern European History: From 1500 to the Present.—
Open to first-year students. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Hale.

History B3: General American History: Not open to first-year students.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor T. C. Johnson.

History B4: General English History: Not open to first-year students.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor T. C. Johnson.

History C1: History of European Civilization including Science, Religion
and Morals: Two B courses prerequisite.

Professor Dabney.

History C2: Social History of the United States, 1776-1865: Two B
courses, including B3, prerequisite.

Associate Professor Abernethy.

History C3: The Old South, 1776-1865: Two B courses, including B3,
prerequisite. (Offered in 1935-36.)

Associate Professor Abernethy.

History C4: American History Since 1865: Two B courses, including B3,
prerequisite.

Acting Assistant Professor Cappon.

History C5: The French Revolution: Two B courses, including B2, together
with a reading knowledge of French, prerequisite. (Offered in 1935-36.)

Professor Barr.

History C6: Napoleon: Two B courses, including B2, together with a
reading knowledge of French, prerequisite. (Offered in 1936-37.)

Professor Barr.

History C7: The Italian Risorgimento: Two B courses, including B2,
together with a reading knowledge of Italian, prerequisite.

Professor Barr.

222

History C8: The Expansion of England: Two B courses, including B4,
prerequisite.

Associate Professor T. C. Johnson.

History C9: Medieval England: Two B courses, including B4, prerequisite.
(Offered in 1935-36.)

Associate Professor T. C. Johnson.

History C10: Tudor and Stuart England: Two B courses, including B4,
prerequisite.—Lectures and reports on the intellectual, social and economic aspects
of English life, and England's contacts with foreign countries through
trade relations. (Offered in 1935-36.)

Assistant Professor Hale.

History C11: Medieval Civilization: Two B courses, including B1, prerequisite.—Lectures
and reports on the institutional, economic, and intellectual
life of the Middle Ages.

Assistant Professor Hale.

History C12: Europe Since 1814: Two B courses, including B2, prerequisite.—Lectures
and discussions on the social and economic aspects of the
period, the progress of social legislation, nationalism, imperialism, and the
background of the World War.

Assistant Professor Hale.

History C13: History of the West: Two B courses, including B3, prerequisite.
(Offered in 1935-36.)

Acting Assistant Professor Cappon.

History D1: Seminar in the History of Virginia: Hours by appointment.

Associate Professor Abernethy.

History D2: Seminar in the History of European Diplomacy, 1870-1914:
A reading knowledge of French or German is required. (Offered in 1935-36.)

Assistant Professor Hale.

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS

Note: Only one course in A Mathematics will be given credit toward
any baccalaureate degree.

Mathematics A1: Mathematics A1, A2 and B of the entrance requirements
prerequisite.—Students with high school credit for solid geometry not admitted.
First term: Trigonometry. Second Term: Solid geometry. Third term: College
algebra. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Luck, Mr. Wells, Mr. Aylor and Mr. Blincoe.

Mathematics A2: Sec. 1: (Special section designed for students who intend
to pursue Mathematics, Astronomy, Physics or Chemistry beyond first-year
courses, and who are prepared to take a more extensive course than the

223

regular A2 course.) Mathematics A1, A2, B, C, and D of the entrance requirements
and Professor Luck's permission prerequisite.—First term: Selected topics
from trigonometry and algebra. Second and third terms: Analytical geometry
with related topics of algebra. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Luck.

All students with prerequisite preparation who expect to pursue Mathematics,
Astronomy, Physics or Chemistry beyond first-year courses are urged
to apply for admission to this course.

Mathematics A2: Mathematics A1, A2, B, and C of the entrance requirements
prerequisite.—First term: Trigonometry. Second and third terms: Analytical
geometry with related topics of college algebra. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Professor Luck, Mr. Wells, Mr. Aylor and Mr. Blincoe.

Mathematics A4: Mathematics A1, A2, and B of the entrance requirements
prerequisite.—First term: Graphical algebra and logarithms. Second and third
terms: College algebra with applications to the mathematics of finance. (B.S. in
Commerce credit, 3 session-hours.) This course is required for B.S. in Commerce.

Associate Professor Hulvey and Mr. Wells.

Mathematics B1: Mathematics A1 prerequisite.—First and second terms:
Analytical geometry of two dimensions. Third term: Analytical geometry of
three dimensions. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Echols.

Mathematics B2: Mathematics A2 or B1 prerequisite.—A preliminary study
of the differential and integral calculus. With application to Geometry and
Kinematics. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Echols.

Mathematics C1: Mathematics B2 prerequisite.—First term: Analytical
geometry of three dimensions and spherical trigonometry by the use of elementary
vector operations, like scaler products and vector products, and elementary functions
of matrices, like inverse and transpose. Second term: Advanced differential
calculus, including partial differentiation, gradients, Taylor's formula, etc. Third
term: Differential equations.

Associate Professor Linfield.

Mathematics C2: Higher Algebra: Mathematics B2 prerequisite.—Operations
with vectors, matrices, determinants and invariants, and their applications
to analytical geometry, projective geometry, non-Euclidean geometry and
mechanics.

Associate Professor Linfield.

Mathematics C3: Higher Geometry: Mathematics C2 prerequisite.—Algebraic
plane curves; circle and sphere geometry; line geometry, including differential
line geometry and the use of tensors. Given in alternate years with
Mathematics C5. (Offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Linfield.

224

Mathematics C4: Projective Geometry: An introductory course. Hours
by appointment.

Professor Luck.

Mathematics C5: Advanced Calculus (Second course): Mathematics C1
prerequisite.—Elliptic functions and integrals. Legendre's polynomials and Bessel's
functions and their application to problems in attraction, the Gamma function,
calculus of variations, and other related subjects, including an introduction to difference
equations and to integral equations. Given in alternate years with Mathematics
C3. (Given in 1933-34.)

Associate Professor Linfield.

Mathematics D1: Differential Geometry: Mathematics C1 and a reading
knowledge of German prerequisite.—This course opens with a brief study of
ordinary differential equations from the Lie group standpoint and continues with
a study of the metric differential properties of plane and space curves and of
surfaces, including important curve families on surfaces such as lines of curvature,
asymptotic curves, geodesics, etc. Hours by appointment.

Professor Luck.

Only one of the courses C4 and D1 will be given in any one year.

Mathematics D3: Analysis: Mathematics C5 prerequisite.—A critical study
of the operations of differentiation and integration; of the convergence and uniform
convergence of series, infinite products, and infinite integrals, with emphasis on
detailed rigorous proof. Hours by appointment.

Associate Professor Linfield.

Mathematics D4: Theory of Functions: Mathematics C1 and D3 prerequisite.—Theory
of functions of a complex variable. Vector Analysis.
Hours by appointment.

Professor Echols.

The Echols Mathematics Club is composed of all officers of instruction
in mathematics, graduate students in mathematics, and those undergraduates
who show marked proficiency in this field. The club meets twice monthly
for discussion of mathematical subjects.

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY

I. Philosophy

For Undergraduates

First-year students, entering the college from high or preparatory schools,
are not admitted to the courses in Philosophy or Psychology.

Philosophy B1: History of Philosophy: The history of philosophy
from the Greek philosophers to the beginning of the nineteenth century.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Balz, Dr. Hammond and Dr. Leckie.

225

Philosophy B2: Ethics: The historical development of the chief types
of ethical theory. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Dent and Dr. Hammond.

Philosophy B3: History of Morals: A descriptive and historical study
of moral ideas and practices. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Balz.

Philosophy B4: Political Philosophy: An historical study of political
and social thought from Plato to the present. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Dent and Dr. Leckie.

Philosophy B5: Logic: First term: Scientific Methodology. Second
and third terms: Logic as a deductive science, including a study of some
recent developments in the logic of classes, relations, and systems, and their
application to the problems of science and philosophy. (B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Davenport and Dr. Leckie.

Note: The prerequisite for Philosophy B8, B9, B10 and B11 will be Philosophy
B1 or any two other B courses from B2, B3, B4 and B5.

Philosophy B8: Plato: Reading, interpretation, and discussion of the
works of Plato. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Buchanan.

Philosophy B9: Spinoza: Reading, interpretation, and discussion of
the works of Spinoza. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Buchanan.

(Philosophy B8 and B9 will be given in alternate years: B9 in 1934-35, B8
in 1935-36.)

Philosophy B10: Aristotle: Reading, interpretation, and discussion of
the works of Aristotle. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Davenport.

Philosophy B11: Kant: Reading, interpretation, and discussion of the
Critique of Pure Reason, the Critique of Practical Reason, and the Critique
of Judgment. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Davenport.

(Philosophy B10 and B11 will be given in alternate years: B10 in 1934-35
and B11 in 1935-36.)

For Graduates and Undergraduates

(Philosophy B1, the History of Philosophy, and one other B course in this
School are prerequisite for all C courses in Philosophy.)

Philosophy C1: The Philosophy of Science: A study of the development
of scientific thought from Greek times to the present. Recent movements

226

in science will be treated with attention to their relation to certain
fundamental philosophical problems.

Assistant Professor Davenport.

Philosophy C7: Metaphysics: A systematic study of the speculative
science of metaphysics with special consideration of the bases and scopes of
the rational and empirical sciences and of the doctrinal positions of Aristotle,
Thomas Aquinas, Spinoza, and Bradley.

Professor Buchanan.

Philosophy C10: Aesthetics: A critique of art and art criticism.

Professor Buchanan.

For Graduates

Philosophy C2: Empiricism and Rationalism: Philosophy in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries—Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Locke, Berkeley,
and Hume.

Professor Balz and Assistant Professor Dent.

Philosophy C3: Recent Philosophical Systems: A study of the philosophical
thought of recent decades through the reading and discussion of
various systematic works.

Professors Balz and Buchanan, Assistant Professors Dent and Davenport.

Philosophy C4-C5: Reading Course: (Required of all candidates for the
Master's degree.) The candidate for the Master's degree shall select, subject to
approval, two primary historical systems for independent study under tutorial
guidance. An examination (oral, written, or both) must be taken in April or
May of the session in which the candidate expects to secure the degree.

Philosophy C9: Modern Logical Theory.

Assistant Professor Davenport.

Philosophy C11: (Biblical Literature C1): Any two B courses in Biblical
Literature or Philosophy prerequisite.—An investigation of the Jewish and Hellenistic
elements entering into the theology of Christianity during the first two
centuries.

Professor Forrest.

Philosophy C12: The Theory of Value.

Assistant Professor Dent.

Philosophy C15: Mathematical and Physical Concepts: The logic and
the metaphysical implications of quantitative science.

Professor Sparrow.

Philosophy D1: Kant.

Professor Balz.

Philosophy D2: Nineteenth-Century Philosophical Systems.

Professor Balz.

227

(Philosophy D1 and D2 will be given in alternate years.)

Philosophy D3: The Aristotelean Tradition.

Professor Buchanan.

Philosophy D4: The Platonic Tradition.

Professor Buchanan.

(Philosophy D3 and D4 will be given in alternate years.)

Philosophy D5: Research.

Special Requirements for the Master's Degree in Philosophy: The candidate
must include Philosophy C4-C5 in his program; the candidate must present
evidence, not later than one year before the degree is conferred, that he
possesses a reading knowledge of either French or German.

Special Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy:

1. Preliminary written examinations, designed to test the candidate's general
equipment in the field of philosophy, must be taken before formal admission to
candidacy. The examinations will be judged as a whole. They will cover the
following subject-matters:
- (a) Logic.
- (b) Metaphysics or the Theory of Knowledge.
- (c) History of Philosophy.
- (d) Ethics.
- (e) A detailed examination on a primary historical system, to be selected by
  the candidate, subject to approval.
2. In addition to a reading knowledge of French and German, the candidate may
be required to present evidence of a reading knowledge of Latin or Greek, or
of both, if in the judgment of the faculty in Philosophy such reading knowledge
is necessary for the preparation of the dissertation.

II. Psychology

Psychology B1: General Psychology: A survey of the principles of
psychology, either as part of a liberal education or as preparation for professional
study. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Ferguson, Associate Professor Geldard and Assistant Professor
Dennis.

Psychology B2: Experimental Psychology: Psychology B1 prerequisite or
to be taken concurrently.—The lectures and laboratory work will enable the student
to familiarize himself with the apparatus and methods used in psychological
experiments. The schedule will consist of one hour of lecture and four hours of
laboratory weekly. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Geldard.

Psychology B3: Abnormal Psychology: Psychology B1 prerequisite.—A
study of mental and nervous disorders, including a consideration of psychoanalytic
as well as more conventional interpretations, and of the social aspects

228

of abnormal behavior. The classroom work will be supplemented by clinical
demonstrations. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Geldard.

Psychology B4: Social Psychology: Psychology B1 prerequisite.—A
study of the psychological traits of the individual in their interaction with the
social environment. The course includes a treatment of racial and cultural differences,
personality measurement and psychology of language, belief, prejudice,
etc. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Dennis.

Psychology B5: Educational Psychology: Psychology B1 prerequisite.—
Mental ability and its development. The classroom work will be supplemented by
practice in mental measurement and experiments in learning. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Ferguson.

Psychology C1: Advanced Experimental Psychology: Psychology B2
prerequisite.—A course in experimental methods designed primarily for advanced
students. The entire resources of the laboratory will be available.
One hour of lecture and four hours of laboratory weekly.

Associate Professor Geldard.

Psychology C2: Mental Measurement: Psychology B1 and any other B
course listed in this School prerequisite.—A study of the more important mental
tests and intelligence scales, of the statistical methods involved in their use,
and of the results obtained.

Professor Ferguson.

Psychology C3: Genetic Psychology: Psychology B1 and any other B
course listed in this School prerequisite.—The development of psychological functions
in the animal species and in the child will be traced as a genetic approach
to adult human psychology. The topics to be considered include the
senses, instinct, memory, learning and intelligence. During part of the year
laboratory work will be included.

Assistant Professor Dennis.

Psychology C4: Theoretical Psychology: Psychology B1 and any other
B course listed in this School prerequisite.—An examination of the more important
positions in psychological theory, with special reference to the structural, functional,
behavioristic and Gestalt points of view. To be given in alternate years
with Psychology C5.

Associate Professor Geldard.

Psychology C5: Systematic Psychology: Psychology B1 and any other B
course listed in this School prerequisite.—A survey of the psychological literature
pertaining to the special senses, feeling and emotion, and action. The course is
designed to provide an understanding of fundamental methods of research as well
as a knowledge of the status of basic problems. To be given in alternate years
with Psychology C4. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Geldard.

229

Psychology C6: Special Topics in Genetic Psychology: Psychology B1
and any other B course listed in this School prerequisite.—A seminar course for
advanced students in which the literature of special topics in child and animal
psychology will be reviewed. Second and third terms only. To be given in alternate
years with Psychology C7.

Assistant Professor Dennis.

Psychology C7: History of Psychology: Psychology B1 and any other B
course listed in this School prerequisite.—A survey of the historical development
of modern psychology. Second and third terms only. To be given in alternate
years with Psychology C6. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Assistant Professor Dennis.

Psychology C8: Statistical Method: Psychology B1 and any other B
course listed in this School prerequisite.—An introduction to the statistical methods
in current use in psychology and allied fields. First term only.

Assistant Professor Dennis.

Psychology D1: Research: Admission on approval of the professors in
charge.—For candidates for graduate degrees.

Professor Ferguson, Associate Professor Geldard and Assistant Professor
Dennis.

The Psychological Laboratory is provided with sufficient equipment to
make possible thorough training in experimental psychology. Special apparatus
for research has been acquired and new pieces will be added as the
need arises. In addition to the general laboratory there has been instituted
an animal laboratory with provision for work in comparative psychology. A
shop with facilities for the construction of apparatus, two dark rooms, and
individual research rooms are available.

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Requirements

All students registered in the College, except professional students in
Architecture, are required to take two years of Physical Education, which
must be completed by the end of the student's second year (unless ill health
interferes).

Students transferring from other colleges or universities must present
their credits to the Dean of the College for approval.

The instructing staff in the School of Physical Education is as follows:
Professor W. A. Lambeth, Director, Associate Professor L. T. Ludwig, Assistant
Professor R. C. Heidloff, Instructor R. N. Hoskins, Assistants John
Elsroad, Jr., E. F. MacDonald, E. H. Robbins and F. F. Wilshin; Registrar,
Elizabeth Houston Stallings.

General Requirements

I. All first-year students registered for Physical Education are given a
medical examination. This examination is conducted by the University

230

Physician and his staff and is given free of charge during specified periods.
A fee is charged for examinations given outside of regular hours.

II. First Year: Three hours per week of physical activity for three terms,
in any of the courses or sports offered for each term.

Three hours per week of Hygiene for one term.

Second Year: Three hours per week of physical activity for three terms,
in any of the courses or sports offered for each term.

All Physical Education courses are classified as First-Year Activities;
Second-Year Activities; Hygiene and Corrective Activities. Three session-hours
of credit are awarded for the successful completion of two years of
Physical Education. Courses are conducted by the Staff of the School of
Physical Education.

The First-Year Activities offer several courses of floorwork instruction
from which each student elects three (a different activity each term) in
which he participates during his first year.

In addition to the above regular Physical Education courses a student
may elect any approved athletic sport in season. There are from ten to
twelve athletic activities offered by the Division of Athletics. Thus from
a group of over twenty different activities each first-year man selects the
three which appeal to him most and follows his choice each term.

All first-year floorwork courses meet three days each week for three
terms.

First-year Hygiene students meet three days each week for one term.
This course is given in addition to the floorwork and the student may be
assigned to either the Fall or the Winter term section.

First-Year Activities

Physical Education A1: Beginning Swimming (Fall Term): Each student
is given a swimming test when he registers in September. (The test
consists of a fifty (50) yard swim, free style, and without any specified time
limit.) Students failing this test are assigned to Physical Education A1.
(Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A2: Individual Activities (Fall Term): A series of
individual events are practiced and tests in these events will be given at
the end of the term. The events include such fundamental activities as
running, jumping, climbing, vaulting, kicking; emphasis is placed on the
development of coordination. As many of the events as possible are practiced
out of doors. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A3: Touch Football (Fall Term): Teams are organized
and the fundamentals of the game are taught. Players change
places frequently on the team. This enables each one to become familiar
with the various duties and tasks involved in playing the game. An examination
on the rules is given at the end of the term. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A4: Tennis (Beginners Only) (Fall and Spring
Terms): Various strokes, service and volley fundamentals are developed.

231

Students must supply their own racquets and tennis balls. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour
for each term.)

Physical Education A5: Basketball (Winter Term): Basketball fundamentals
consisting of shooting, passing and elementary team play will be
stressed for beginners. Teams will be organized and a schedule developed.
An examination on the rules is given at the end of the term. (Credit, ⅓
session-hour.)

Physical Education A6: Boxing (Winter Term): A graded course in
boxing technique is followed. The course is designed primarily for students
who have had no previous boxing experience. An examination on the rules
of intercollegiate boxing is given at the end of the term. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A7: Handball (Winter Term): This game of increasing
popularity and which is one of the best for general conditioning
is taught during the winter term. Players must supply their own gloves
and balls. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A8: Tap Dancing (Winter Term): Fundamental
steps are developed. Students must supply their own shoes. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A9: Playground Baseball (Spring Term): Fundamentals
of these outdoor games are stressed for beginners. Teams are organized
and a playing schedule is developed. Team members change positions
frequently in order to become more familiar with the game as a unit.
Examinations on the rules are given at the end of the term. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A10: Volley Ball (Spring Term): Volley ball fundamentals
are stressed. A playing schedule is organized and competitive work
is performed. Practical examinations on playing ability and written examinations
on rules will be given at the end of the term. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education A11: Red Cross Life Saving (Spring Term): The
regular senior course is offered during the Spring. An authorized Red
Cross Life Saving Examiner conducts the course and successful candidates
may obtain official membership cards. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education Hygiene (Fall or Winter Term): The course consists
of lectures, recitations and assigned reading on matters of personal
hygiene, bodily functions and the effects of exercise as related to the various
physical activities. (Credit, 1 session-hour.)

Physical Education Special (Fall, Winter and Spring Terms): Men
who have defects which are revealed by the medical examination may be
assigned to corrective classes by the University Physician. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour
for each term.)

232

The second-year activities offer several courses of floorwork instruction
from which each student elects an activity for each term. In addition
to the above courses a student is offered the choice of participating in any
of the varsity athletic sports in season.

Second-Year Activities

Physical Education B1: Playground Baseball (Fall and Spring Terms):
Advanced team organization and team play make up the course. A playing
schedule is developed. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour for each term.)

Physical Education B2: Volleyball (Fall and Spring Terms): Leagues
are formed after team organization and advanced tactics are studied and a
playing schedule followed. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour for each term.)

Physical Education B3: Soccer Football (Fall and Spring Terms):
Fundamentals and elementary team play will be required. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour
for each term.)

Physical Education B4: Advanced Swimming (Fall Term): Development
of various strokes is begun, then water stunts and diving are taught.
(Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education B5: Apparatus and Tumbling Stunts (Fall and
Winter Terms): Exhibition work on heavy apparatus and in tumbling comprise
the activities in this course. Stunts on low and high horizontal bars,
parallel bars and on the flying rings are taught. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour
for each term.)

Physical Education B6: Red Cross Life Saving (Spring Term): Students
must be qualified swimmers. Successful candidates obtain official membership
cards from the American Red Cross. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour for
those not credited with A11.)

Physical Education B7: Tennis (Advanced) (Fall and Spring Terms):
This course will be limited to those of some experience. (Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

Physical Education Selected Activities: (Winter Term Only): During
the winter term second-year men may select one or two optional activities
from the accepted list. This list includes basketball, boxing, swimming,
handball, track work, gymnastics, fencing and other activities. The work
is performed on a regular schedule which will be convenient for the student.
(Credit, ⅓ session-hour.)

In addition to the activities which carry credit in session-hours the School
of Physical Education is aiding in the development of an intramural program.
So far, teams and leagues have been organized in playground baseball,
basketball, handball and soccer. Tentative additional offerings include
touch football, swimming, track and field events, and volleyball.

All students are eligible for intramural participation.

233

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS

Physics B1: General Physics: A knowledge of the elements of plane trigonometry
through the right triangle is prerequisite.—(The course is open to first-year
students who have received this preparation in the high school.) Three
hours of lecture and six hours of laboratory and recitation per week. Laboratory
fee, $15. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)

Professor Hoxton, Associate Professor Brown and Assistants.

Physics B2: Physics B1 or its equivalent prerequisite. Calculus is not required.—This
course is designed to give the student a more thorough background for
advanced work in Physics and other sciences. May be withdrawn unless elected by
at least four students. Not more than twelve students will be admitted. Two hours
of lecture and two hours of laboratory per week. Laboratory fee, $7.50. (B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Brown.

The prerequisites for the following C courses are Physics B1 and Mathematics
B2.

The student specializing in Physics is expected to utilize every opportunity
to acquire laboratory technique as a preparation for experimental investigation.

The C and the D courses are not necessarily offered each year. Some are
offered in alternate years, some are offered once in three years, and others are offered
as the needs of graduate students arise.

Physics C1: Mechanics: Three hours of lecture per week. (Not offered
in 1934-35.)

Professor Sparrow.

Physics C2: Electricity and Magnetism: Two hours of lecture and two
hours of laboratory per week. Laboratory fee, $7.50. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Hoxton.

Physics C3: Optics: Two hours of lecture and two hours of laboratory
per week. Laboratory fee, $7.50. (Given in 1933-34). (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Brown.

Physics C4: Heat and Thermodynamics: Two hours of lecture and
two hours of laboratory per week. Laboratory fee, $7.50. (Offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Hoxton.

Physics C5: Precision of Measurements: Required of all graduate students
in Physics. One lecture weekly. (Given in 1933-34.)

Professor Sparrow.

Physics C6: Introduction to Theoretical Physics: (Offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Sparrow.

Physics D2: Advanced Theoretical Physics: (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Sparrow.

234

Physics D3: Statistical Mechanics: (Given in 1933-34.) (Not offered in
1934-35.)

Professor Hoxton.

Physics D4: Quantum Mechanics: (Offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Sparrow.

Physics D5: Spectroscopy: (Given as required.)

Associate Professor Brown.

Physics D7: Selected Topics in Modern Physics: (Offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Beams.

Physics D8: X-rays and Nuclear Physics: (Given as required.)

Professor Beams.

Physics D9: Electrodynamics: (Given as required.)

Professor Sparrow.

Physics D10: Conduction of Electricity through Gases: (Given in 193334.)
(Not offered in 1934-1935.)

Professor Beams.

Physics D12: Seminar: Preparation of papers on selected subjects.
Required each year of all candidates for graduate degrees.

Professor Beams.

Note: On account of the rapid flux of thought in the Physics of the
present day and the varying needs of the graduate students, the content of the
advanced courses is varied from year to year. The effort is made to combine
training in fundamental methods with securing contacts with modern ideas.

Journal Meeting: The faculty and advanced students meet weekly for
the presentation and discussion of recent work in the physical sciences.

The Rouss Physical Laboratory: Facilities for research, which for a
number of years have included an instrument shop and a departmental library
in addition to a variety of apparatus, are now being rapidly augmented. They
lie chiefly in the broad field of spectroscopy, in electro-optical phenomena,
electrical discharges, and to some extent in heat. Persons desiring detailed
information about opportunities for graduate work may write to the Professor
in charge, Rouss Physical Laboratory, University, Va.

Fellowships: A number of Service Fellowships are available each session.
During the session of 1933-34 there were seven of these carrying
stipends of $200 to $520. With the exception of the athletic fee none of
the University fees are charged. Opportunities thus are afforded for graduate
study and research. Certain duties, mainly teaching, are required, not exceeding
twelve hours a week in the laboratory and a possible average of
three hours outside. Requests for application blanks and information may
be made to the Professor in charge, Rouss Physical Laboratory, University,
Va. All applications must be in on or before March 1.

235

Additional opportunities are afforded by other fellowships not administered
by the Physics Faculty. Information about these, particularly the
Philip Francis duPont Fellowships, will be found elsewhere in the catalogue.

SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Government B1: American Government: Not open to first-year students.
—This course is devoted to a descriptive and critical study of the Government
of the United States. First term: The National Government. Second term:
The Government of the States. Third term: Municipal and Local Government.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Gooch and Associate Professor Spicer.

Government B2: International Relations: Government B1 prerequisite.—
A study of the political, legal, and economic factors in modern international
society followed by a study of international law, the League of Nations, and
the Permanent Court of International Justice. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Dillard.

Government B3: Party Politics in the United States: Government B1
prerequisite.—A study of the history, organization, functions and procedure
of political parties and their relations to the policies of Government. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Spicer.

Government B4: European Government: Government B1 prerequisite.—
First term: The Government of England. Second term: The Government of
France. Third term: The Government of Germany, Switzerland and other
countries. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Gooch.

Government B5: Municipal Government: Government B1 prerequisite.—
A study of the rise of cities and of the development of their governmental
structure and practices of administration. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Egger.

Government B1 and one other B course in Political Science are prerequisite
to any C course.

Note: The C courses listed are not all offered in any given year. Students
who are interested should consult those in charge of the several
courses.

Government C1: United States Constitutional Law: A study of the
American constitutional system through the case method.

Associate Professor Spicer.

Government C2: Political Theory: First term: The Theory of the
State and of Government. Second term: The History of Ancient and

236

Medieval Political Thought. Third term: Modern and Contemporary Political
Thought.

Professor Gooch.

Government C3: Federalism: A study of the theory and practice of
federalism together with an examination of the problems of centralization
and decentralization.

Professor Gooch.

Government C4: The Principles of International and of Public Law.

Government C5: The Theory and Practice of Public Administration.

Associate Professor Spicer.

Government C8: Municipal Administration: A study of the theory and
principles of municipal organization, of departmentalization, of inter-departmental
relations and of intra-departmental structure and methods.

Associate Professor Egger.

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

Public Speaking B1: English A1 or A2 prerequisite.—Writing and delivery
of speeches on topics of the day; extemporaneous and impromptu
speaking. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Four sections, each limited
to a minimum of 8 and maximum of 25.

Associate Professor Paul.

SCHOOL OF ROMANIC LANGUAGES

I. French

French A1: For students offering less than 3 units of French for entrance.—
Five hours a week throughout the year. Five sections. On Mondays and Fridays,
the five sections are combined and meet as two groups. This course comprises
dictation, pronunciation, conversation, composition, and a thorough study of the
French verb. French is spoken in the classroom during the latter part of the
session. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those who have offered less
than 3 units of French for entrance.)

Professor Graham, Dr. Garlick and Mr. Lee.

French B1: French A1 or 3 entrance-units of French prerequisite.—Three
or four sections meeting separately, each section three hours per week. Grammar
review and modern French prose from such authors as Daudet, Dumas, About,
Merimée, etc. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session hours.)

Associate Professor Mellor, Dr. Garlick and Mr. Cumming.

French B2: French B1 prerequisite.—In this course the study of French
literature as such is begun. The more important phases of literary expression
are investigated. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Graham and Mr. Lee.

237

II. Spanish

Spanish A1: For students offering less than 3 units of Spanish for entrance.—Five
hours a week throughout the year. Four sections. On Mondays
and Fridays, the four sections are combined and meet together as two groups.
This course comprises dictation, pronunciation, conversation, composition and a
thorough study of the verb. Spanish is spoken in the classroom during the latter
part of the session. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those who have
offered less than 3 units of Spanish for entrance.)

Assistant Professor Woody and Dr. Galbán.

Spanish B1: Spanish A1 or 3 entrance-units of Spanish prerequisite.—Two
sections meeting separately, each section three hours per week. The work of
this course consists of a detailed study of Spanish grammar, dictation, reading
of advanced texts, correspondence and composition. During the latter part of
the session this course will be conducted mainly in Spanish. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.)

Assistant Professor Woody and Dr. Galbán.

Spanish B2: Spanish B1 prerequisite.—Advanced grammar and syntax,
theme writing and study of literary forms. As far as practicable, the work of
this course is conducted in Spanish. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Bardin.

III. Italian

Italian A1: For students offering less than 3 units of Italian for entrance.—
Five hours a week throughout the year. Three sections. On Mondays and Fridays,
the three sections are combined and meet as one group. This course comprises dictation,
pronunciation, conversation, composition and a thorough study of the verb.
Italian is spoken in the classroom during the latter part of the session. (B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those who have offered less than 3 units of Italian
for entrance.)

Associate Professor Rinetti and Mr. Marchese.

Italian B1: Italian A1 or 3 entrance units of Italian prerequisite.—Three
hours a week throughout the year. This course comprises a detailed study of
grammar, dictation, reading of advanced texts, and composition. During the
latter part of the session the course will be conducted mainly in Italian. (B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Rinetti.

Italian B2: Italian B1 prerequisite.—Advanced grammar and syntax, theme
writing and study of literary forms. As far as practicable, the work of this
course is conducted in Italian. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Rinetti.

GRADUATE ROMANCE

French C1: Pascal, Rousseau, Voltaire: Their Influence: French B2,
or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Primarily a lecture course in French, each lecture
being based on a passage in the original text that is first dictated to the class.

Professor Wilson.

238

French C2: Hugo: French B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—This
course requires extensive French reading. Notre-Dame de Paris, Les Misérables,
Les Travailleurs de la Mer are approached from the structure point of view.
Constant reports are made orally in French.

Professor Wilson.

French C3: The Non-Dramatic Literature of the Seventeenth Century
in France: French B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in French. Special
emphasis will be given to the works of Boileau, Bossuet and Fénelon. Offered in
alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Dr. Garlick.

French C4: Drama and Lyric Poetry in the Nineteenth Century: French
B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Lectures, reading of texts, discussion, reports.
Offered in alternate years. (To be offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Graham, Associate Professor Mellor and Mr. Lee.

French C5: Daudet: French C1 or French C2 prerequisite.—Here the
principles of research are taken into consideration. Daudet material is collected,
classified and shaped for presentation in French.

Professor Wilson.

French C6: French Drama of the Seventeenth Century: French B2, or
the equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in French. The greater part of the course
will be devoted to Corneille, Molière and Racine. Offered in alternate years. (To
be offered in 1934-35.)

Dr. Garlick.

French C7: The Short Story and Novel from 1715 to 1900: French B2,
or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in French. Lectures, reading of texts,
discussion, reports. Offered in alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Graham, Associate Professor Mellor and Mr. Lee.

Spanish C1: The Drama of the Golden Age: Spanish B2, or the equivalent,
prerequisite.—Given in Spanish. Studies in the works of Lope de Vega,
Tirso de Molina, Ruíz de Alarcón and Calderón de la Barca, with extensive reading
of supplementary materials.

Professor Bardin.

Spanish C2: Spanish Poets of the Romantic Period: Spanish C1 prerequisite.—Given
in Spanish. The poetical works of Martínez de la Rosa,
Espronceda, José Zorrilla and some of the important minor poets of the period
will be studied in detail. Offered in alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Bardin.

Spanish C3: Modern Spanish Novelists (Group I): Spanish B2, or the
equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in Spanish. Studies in the novels of Pereda,
Pérez Galdós and Pío Baroja, with extensive reading of supplementary materials.
Offered in alternate years. (To be offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Bardin.

239

Spanish C4: Spanish Drama from Moratín to the Present: Spanish B2,
or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in Spanish. Lectures, reading of texts,
discussion, reports. Offered in alternate years. (To be offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Mellor, Assistant Professor Woody and Dr. Galbán.

Spanish C5: Spanish-American Literature: Spanish B2, or the equivalent,
prerequisite.—Given in Spanish. A survey of the leading literary figures and movements
in Spanish America since Colonial times. Offered in alternate years. (To
be offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Bardin.

Spanish C6: Modern Spanish Novelists (Group II): Spanish C3 prerequisite.—Given
in Spanish. Studies in the novels of Ricardo León, Pérez de Ayala,
Palacio Valdés and Valle-Inclán. Offered in alternate years. (Not offered in
1934-35.)

Professor Bardin.

Spanish C7: The Picaresque Novel and the Ballad: Spanish B2, or the
equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in Spanish. Lectures, reading of texts, discussion,
reports. Offered in alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Mellor, Assistant Professor Woody and Dr. Galbán.

Italian C1: Dante: Italian B2, or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Given in
Italian. The study of Dante's Italian works, with special reference to medieval
thought.

Associate Professor Rinetti.

Italian C2: Ariosto, Machiavelli, Tasso: Italian B2, or the equivalent,
prerequisite.—Given in Italian. The outstanding features of epic and chivalric
poetry and of political thought in the Rinascimento.

Associate Professor Rinetti.

Italian C3: Foscolo, Leopardi, Manzoni: Italian B2, or the equivalent,
prerequisite.—Given in Italian. Special attention will be paid to the contribution
of these authors to the Risorgimento.

Associate Professor Rinetti.

Italian C4: Contemporary Italian Literature: Italian B2, or the equivalent,
prerequisite.—Given in Italian.

Associate Professor Rinetti.

Note: Of Italian C1, C2, C3, C4 and D2, two are offered each session,
the choice depending upon the plans of study of the advanced undergraduate
and the graduate students in the School of Romanic Languages.

The following courses are for advanced graduate students.

French D1: Old French: French B2, or the equivalent and the permission
of the instructor, prerequisite.—1. The development of the French language
in the early medieval period. 2. French literature from the beginnings down to
the fourteenth century.

Associate Professor Mellor.

240

Spanish D1: Old Spanish: Spanish B2, or the equivalent and the permission
of the instructor, prerequisite.—1. The development of the Spanish language
in the medieval period. 2. Spanish literature from the beginnings down to the
fifteenth century.

Associate Professor Mellor.

Italian D1: Old Italian: Italian B2, or the equivalent and the permission
of the instructor, prerequisite.—1. The development of the Italian language in the
medieval period. 2. Italian literature from the beginnings down to the fourteenth
century.

Associate Professor Mellor.

Note: Of Spanish D1 and Italian D1, one is given each session, the choice
depending upon the plans of study of the graduate students in the School of
Romanic Languages. It is expected that each of these courses will be given in
alternate years.

French D2: Balzac: The master's degree in Romanic Languages, or
equivalent Romanic training, prerequisite.—A seminar devoted to the investigation
of Balzac's method and material. Each year the seminar as a whole concentrates
upon a single phase of investigation which is treated as exhaustively as local conditions
permit. For the year 1934-35 Balzac's handling of foreigners will be investigated
and his works examined with this end in view.

Professor Wilson.

Spanish D2: Cervantes and His Epoch: Spanish C1 and one other C
course in Spanish, prerequisite.—An exhaustive study of the works of Cervantes
and his principal critics. Offered in alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor Bardin.

Italian D2: Petrach: Italian C1 prerequisite.—Given in Italian. Petrach's
Italian and Latin works will be studied with special reference to their relation to
Humanism. See Note following Italian C4.

Associate Professor Rinetti.

SCHOOL OF RURAL SOCIAL ECONOMICS

Rural Social Economics B1: The Social Economics of Agriculture:
Not open to first-year students.—A study of the economic and social principles
underlying a sound development in agriculture. While the approach is national
and international in scope, especial attention is given to the problems of rural life
in the South. Emphasis is placed upon the cultural approach to the field of study,
and the course is designed to meet the needs of students from both city and country.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor Gee.

Rural Social Economics B2: Economic and Social Surveys of Virginia
Counties: A laboratory course in rural social economics dealing with the
problems of Virginia counties. These county studies, when completed, will be
published as bulletins of the University. Hours by appointment on Tues., Thurs.
and Sat. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Mr. Ward and Mr. Dulaney.

241

Rural Social Economics C1: Advanced Economics of Agriculture:
Rural Social Economics B1 and one other B course in either the School of Rural
Social Economics, the School of Economics or the School of Commerce prerequisite.—An
advanced course in agricultural economics. The work of the first
term consists of a statement of the present condition of agriculture, the various
remedial measures proposed and their adequacy; the second term deals with the
cooperative marketing of agricultural products; and the third term is devoted
to a consideration of rural credit. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Given
in alternate years with C2.

Professor Gee.

Rural Social Economics C2: Rural Social Problems: Rural Social Economics
B1 and one other B course in either the School of Rural Social Economics
or the School of Sociology prerequisite.—An advanced course in rural sociology.
Lectures and seminar reports dealing with the more outstanding rural social problems,
such as population, standards of living, environmental factors, rural institutions,
community organization, and town-country relationships. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours.) Given in alternate years with C1. (Not offered in 193435.)

Professor Gee.

Rural Social Economics D1: Research in Rural Problems: At the outset
the course deals with research methods as they apply in the social sciences.
After such intensive preliminary training, an original problem is selected for
an investigation and these methods are applied in actual practice. (Hours
and credit by special arrangement.)

Professor Gee.

SCHOOL OF SOCIOLOGY

Sociology B1: Introduction to Sociology: Not open to first-year students.
—The general principles and fundamental concepts of sociology, and the study of
recent trends of social change. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Professor House.

Sociology B2: Social Origins: Not open to first-year students.—An introductory
course in general anthropology. First term: The elements of physical
anthropology—man's place in nature, physical traits of the human animal, physical
marks of race—and the study of types of early civilizations and the origins of
social institutions and social organization. Second term: Principles and methods
of social anthropology, the comparative and analytical study of cultures. Third
term: Modern culture. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hoffer.

Sociology B3: Social Problems: Not open to first-year students.—First
term: A general survey of major social problems considered in terms of personal-social
maladjustment and disorganization, and their causes. Second term: The
administration and problems of welfare agencies and institutions. Third term:
Population problems. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)

Associate Professor Hoffer.

242

Sociology C1: Social Theory: Psychology B4 and one B course in Sociology,
or two B courses in Sociology prerequisite.—Beginning in 1933-34, this
course deals with the history or development of present-day sociological theories,
methods, and problems. It should normally be taken in their first year by graduate
students who have not had a similar course as undergraduates. Given as a rule
every year. (Either C1 or D1 will be given in 1934-35, according to demand.)

Professor House.

Sociology C2: Collective Behavior: Psychology B4 and one B course in
Sociology, or two B courses in Sociology prerequisite.—First term: Review
of the fundamentals of social psychology, and general consideration of the theory
of crowd and mob behavior, and mass movements. Second term: Public opinion
and political behavior. Third term: The sociology of religion. Given in alternate
years.

Professor House.

Sociology C3: Human Ecology: Psychology B4 and one B course in Sociology,
or two B courses in Sociology prerequisite.—The scientific study of
human society from a physical, geographic, and economic point of view; the
spatial distribution and movements of population and institutions. Considerable
time is devoted to laboratory exercises, and opportunities are provided for
field studies. Given as a rule in alternate years.

Professor House and Associate Professor Hoffer.

Sociology C4: The Family: Psychology B4 and one B course in Sociology,
or two B courses in Sociology prerequisite.—First term: The primitive family,
the family in history, and the family as an institution. Second term: Family disorganization—divorce,
desertion, marital discord, and the breakdown of the
control of the family over its members. Third term: The modern family—the
family in a changing world, the urban family, tendencies and proposals for the
reconstruction of the family as a social institution. Given in alternate years.

Associate Professor Hoffer.

Sociology C6: Criminology: Two B courses in Sociology prerequisite.—
Throughout the year: lectures and discussions, assigned readings, laboratory and
field work. The course deals with crime, juvenile delinquency, and other forms
of conflict between individuals and the society around them. Special attention is
paid to theories of crime and punishment, the causes of crime and delinquency,
and the effects of various types of treatment of offenders. To be given every
second or third year. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Professor House and Associate Professor Hoffer.

Sociology C7: The Development of Social Policies: Two B courses in
Sociology prerequisite.—An examination of the major forms and tendencies assumed
by efforts to promote the general welfare and provide for the needs of the
underprivileged and maladjusted classes. The problems involved in the determination
of social policies; and the processes by which such policies evolve. Social
welfare conceived in terms of public and private benevolence, institutional care,
personal guidance, state and national welfare organization, and national and international
economic policy. Given in alternate years. (Not offered in 1934-35.)

Associate Professor Hoffer.

243

Sociology D1: The Logic of the Social Sciences: A seminar course for
graduate students only.—Throughout the year: Reports on individual assignments,
discussions, and informal lectures, dealing with such topics as the classification
of the sciences and the relations of the social sciences to each other and to
other disciplines, fundamental methodological problems of the social sciences,
and the conceptual determination of the object matter and research problems of
the social sciences. Given every second or third year.

Professor House.

Sociology D3: Research Problems in Public Welfare and Social Adjust- ment: Permission of the instructor is required for all enrolments in this course.
—Research projects, arranged and directed in individual conferences with the
instructor. Amount of credit subject to determination in proportion to work
accomplished.

Associate Professor Hoffer.

Sociology D4: Research Problems in Theoretic Sociology: Individual
projects arranged as in D3.

Professor House.

Sociology D5: Research Problems in Human Ecology and Community
Organization: To be arranged as in D3.

Professor House and Associate Professor Hoffer.

244

COURSES IN MEDICAL SCIENCE OFFERED IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE FOR CANDIDATES
FOR GRADUATE DEGREES

HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY

Histology C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—4 lectures or recitations and 10
hours of laboratory work weekly during the first term. This course aims to
acquaint the student with the microscopic structure of tissues and organs.
Cytogenesis and histogenesis are briefly considered in the case of many tissues
studied. The relation of histology to physiology and pathology is constantly
kept in view. The student is also given opportunity to acquaint himself with
the principles and practice of histological technique.

Dr. Jordan and Dr. Kindred.

Embryology C1: Histology C1 prerequisite.—7 hours weekly during the
second term. The laboratory work (5 hours weekly) with sections and dissections
of mammalian embryos, is supplemented by lectures, recitations, and
the study of models. The course aims to give the student a knowledge of developmental
processes, in the light of which he may the better understand the
more abstruse normal conditions of adult anatomy, as well as many anomalies
and variations.

Dr. Jordan and Dr. Kindred.

Histology D1: The histology and embryology of the blood-forming tissues.

Histology D2: The histology and embryology of the endocrine tissues.

Histology D3: The histology and embryology of the reproductive organs.

Histology C1 and Embryology C1 prerequisite for the D courses.—9 hours
weekly during third term.

Dr. Jordan and Dr. Kindred.

GROSS ANATOMY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

Anatomy C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—19 hours weekly during the first
term and 12 hours weekly during the second term. This course begins with
a systematic study of the bones, on the completion of which a part is assigned
to each student for dissection and study. On the completion of this course each
student has dissected a lateral half of the body. The student obtains his knowledge
at first hand and by his own personal efforts.

Dr. Bean, Dr. Speidel and Assistants.

Anatomy C2: Biology B1 prerequisite.—6 hours weekly during the second
term. This course consists of a laboratory study of the anatomy of the central
nervous system carried out in considerable detail. The gross anatomy of the
spinal cord and brain is first considered, on the completion of which sections of
the more important regions are studied with the aid of the microscope. Fresh

245

brains and series of sections of the cord and brain are thoroughly used. A
reconstruction of the central nervous system showing the more important pathways
is prepared by each student.

Dr. Speidel.

Anatomy D1: Anatomy C1 prerequisite.—8 hours weekly during the second
term. Topographic and applied anatomy.

Dr. Bean and Dr. Speidel.

Anatomy D2: Anatomy C1 prerequisite.—Hours by arrangement. Special
anatomical dissections.

Dr. Bean and Dr. Speidel.

Anatomy D3: Anatomy C1 prerequisite.—9 hours weekly during the second
term. Physical anthropology.

Dr. Bean.

Anatomy D4: Anatomy C2 prerequisite.—Research in experimental anatomy.
Opportunity for original investigation is afforded a small number of specially
qualified students.

Dr. Speidel.

BACTERIOLOGY AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Bacteriology C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—Lectures, conferences and
laboratory work 12 hours weekly during the third term. The object of this course
is to acquaint the student with the microörganisms which are of importance to
man and his environment, the methods used in their study and identification. The
fundamentals of infection and immunity are taught. So far as practicable
the material studied is obtained from the environment, from the body surfaces
and excretions of normal individuals, and from the body surfaces, excretions,
secretions and exudates of the persons with various common pathological
conditions. The student is thus introduced to the etiology of infectious disease
and some of the factors involved in resistance. Through a consideration of
selected bacteriologic and immunologic studies the basis is laid for the later
study of epidemiology and preventive medicine.

Dr. Maxcy and Assistants.

Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—2
hours weekly during the first two terms.—The primary object of this course is to
interest the student in the practice of preventive medicine. By lectures, clinics
and demonstrations the epidemiology of each of the common communicable diseases
is presented. The student is encouraged to consider these diseases not solely from
the point of view of diagnosis and treatment in the individual case, but to understand
the environmental factors and biologic conditions which are responsible for
its maintenance and propagation in nature, and the possibilities of control or
prevention, through the efforts of the private physician or the functioning of
organized public health agencies.

Dr. Maxcy and Dr. McQuade.

246

Immunology D1: Bacteriology C1 prerequisite.—This course is designed to
amplify the introduction to immunology given in the regular course in Bacteriology
during the first year. During the third and fourth years the student has become
acquainted with clinical medicine. It is desirable to review the factors concerned
with resistance to infection and the scientific background for the treatment of infectious
diseases. By means of conferences and laboratory assignments the student
is given an opportunity to perform and observe some of the characteristic phenomena
in test tube and in the experimental animal. Special attention is given to those
biologic reactions which are of value in the diagnosis or treatment of disease such
as the Wassermann reaction, the Kahn reaction, agglutination technique, standardization
of antitoxic sera, etc. 3 afternoons weekly for one trimester. Given in first
and second trimester.

Dr. Maxcy.

BIOCHEMISTRY

Biochemistry C1: Chemistry B3 prerequisite.—Lectures and laboratory 9
hours weekly during the second and third terms. Course comprises the chemistry
of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates; digestion, intestinal putrefaction, feces;
blood, milk, and bile; particular attention is devoted to the chemical physiology
of digestion, secretion, excretion, internal secretion, intermediary metabolism, and
nutrition. Laboratory work includes the study of carbohydrates, fats, proteins,
purine compounds, etc.; gastric contents, blood, milk, and urine; the digestive
enzymes and the digestion of foods; and extensive qualitative and quantitative
work on urine.

Dr. Chanutin and Assistants.

Biochemistry D1: Biochemistry C1 prerequisite.—6 hours of laboratory
work a week during the entire year. Biochemical preparations. Individual instruction
is given in the separation, purification and identification of products of
biochemical nature.

Dr. Chanutin.

Biochemistry D2: Biochemistry C1 prerequisite.—1 hour a week during
the entire year. Physiology of nutrition. An attempt is made to cover the subject
of nutrition in its broadest aspects. Various phases of digestion, respiratory,
basal and intermediary metabolism are studied.

Dr. Chanutin.

Biochemistry D3: Biochemistry C1 prerequisite.—2 hours a week during
the entire year. Biochemical seminar. Papers pertaining to Biochemistry and
related subjects in the English, German and French literature are read by the
participants. The student is enabled to keep in touch with the advances made in
the subject.

Dr. Chanutin.

Biochemistry D4: Biochemistry D1 prerequisite.—For those students properly
qualified the laboratory will be opened during the academic year and summer
vacation. Biochemical research.

Dr. Chanutin.

247

PHYSIOLOGY

Physiology C1: Histology C1 and Biochemistry C1 prerequisite.—Lectures,
recitations, and demonstrations, 5 hours weekly during the first term and 4 hours
during the second term; laboratory work, 7 hours weekly during the first term,
3 hours weekly during the second term. In the lecture course attention is drawn
to the fundamental branches of the subject, and the more difficult aspects are
thoroughly discussed. Recent important physiological contributions are evaluated,
and the student is directed further to consult various monographs and original
papers.

The laboratory work consists of preliminary elemental experiments on the
neuromuscular system, followed by intensive courses in mammalian and in human
physiology. The latter are designed particularly to train students to observe and
record, and to interpret and make deductions from their results. Suggestive outlines
only are provided for the experimental studies. The course is particularly devised
to stimulate and correlate the student's consideration of the activities of the
organism as a whole. Emphasis is given to those branches of physiology which
should prove valuable in later work in medicine.

Dr. Britton, Dr. Corey and Assistants.

Physiology D1: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—Application of physiology to
medicine. Session 1934-35. Hours by arrangement.

Dr. Britton.

Physiology D2: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—The function of the alimentary
tract and related organs. Session 1935-36. Hours by arrangement.

Dr. Britton.

Physiology D3: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—Comparative physiology of
the internal secretions. Session 1933-34. Hours by arrangement.

Dr. Corey.

Physiology D4: Embryology C1 and Physiology C1 prerequisites.—Physiology
of the fetus. Session 1934-35. Hours by arrangement.

Dr. Corey.

The above D courses require 6 hours weekly during the third term.

Physiology D5: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—Advanced physiology. Part
I, historical general physiology; neuromuscular system; Part II, metabolism;
circulation; Part III, respiration, secretion; Part IV, central nervous system;
special senses. Hours by arrangement.

Dr. Britton and Dr. Corey.

Physiology D6: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—Original investigation. Opportunity
is afforded a limited number of qualified students to undertake investigative
work at any time throughout the year in physiology or nearly related sciences.

Dr. Britton and Dr. Corey.

248

PATHOLOGY

Pathology C1: Anatomy C1 and Physiology C1 prerequisite.—8 hours
weekly during the first term; 11 hours weekly during the second term, and 9 hours
weekly during the third term. By a systematic series of lectures, combined with
demonstrations of both gross and microscopic preparations, the various morbid
conditions of the body are presented. In the laboratory, under supervision, the
student personally examines all of the gross material and devotes considerable time
to the study of the loan-collection of slides with which he is provided.

In addition to this systematic portion of the course an attempt is made to
acquaint the students with fresh tissues and disease as seen at the autopsy table.
With this end in view the class is divided into small groups of students each of
which assists at a limited number of autopsies. Fresh tissues are demonstrated
during class hours and, whenever possible, autopsies are performed before the entire
class.

Dr. Cash, Dr. Scherer, Dr. Jarman and Dr. Scott.

Pathology D1: Pathology C1 prerequisite.—An elective course in pathology
is offered to all students of the fourth-year medical class 2 hours weekly throughout
the session. The nature of his course will vary according to the number of
students who apply for it. Regardless of the manner in which the course is conducted,
its general purpose is to afford the student, who has already had considerable
training in clinical medicine, a systematic review of the anatomical
changes occurring in the commonly encountered diseases. The current pathological
material is demonstrated to this group of students throughout the year.

A limited number of students, who seem properly qualified, may undertake
the study of special problems in which they may be interested. Hours by special
arrangement.

Dr. Cash and Dr. Scherer.

PHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacology C1: Physiology C1 prerequisite.—Lectures, recitations and
demonstrations 4 hours weekly and laboratory work 9 hours weekly, during the
second term. The physical and chemical characteristics and the mode of action
of representative drugs and other chemic agents are dealt with both in didactic
and practical exercises. Special attention is given to analysing and interpreting
the results obtained in the laboratory.

Dr. J. A. Waddell, Dr. Moir and Assistants.

Pharmacology D1: The biological significance and pharmacological action
of the compounds of certain metallic elements, particular attention being
given to Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Cu.

Pharmacology D2: The influence of chemical structure on pharmacological
action, the significance of the presence and position in the molecule
of alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino radicles being investigated.

Pharmacology D3: The standardization of drugs, embracing a study of
the most representative methods, chemical and biological.

249

Pharmacology D4: The isolating and identification of poisons in tissues,
vomitus and urine.

Pharmacology C1 prerequisite for the D courses. Didactic, 2 hours a week
and laboratory 4 hours a week during the first term.

Dr. J. A. Waddell and Assistants.

DERMATOLOGY AND SYPHILOLOGY

Dermatology C1: Completion of second year of medical course prerequisite.—2
hours weekly of lectures during the third term, supplemented by clinics
in the out-patient department. The importance, etiology, prophylaxis, pathology,
clinical history, diagnosis and treatment of syphilis are discussed. After review of
the anatomic and histologic structure and physiology of the skin the diseases commonly
met with are discussed. The main object in this course is not to train
specialists but to give all the students basic information regarding the diagnosis
and treatment of the common skin diseases and syphilis. The relationship of
these to other branches of medicine is emphasized.

Dr. Smith and Assistants.

Dermatology C2: Dermatology C1 prerequisite.—2 hours weekly of lectures
during the first term. A total of 24 hours scheduled clinical work in the wards
and out-patient department for each student.

Dr. Smith and Assistants.

Dermatology D1: Dermatology C1 and C2 prerequisite.—3 afternoons
weekly for one trimester in the out-patient department. Clinical dermatology and
syphilology.

Dr. Smith and Assistants.

Dermatology D2: 2 hours weekly during the entire year. Laboratory and
clinical medical mycology.

Dr. Smith and Assistants.

NEUROLOGY

Neurology C1: Completion of third year of medical course prerequisite.—
3 lectures weekly during the first term and 2 lectures weekly during the second
term, supplemented by clinical demonstrations and ward rounds.

This course aims primarily to present the fundamentals of general psychiatry.
It attempts further to correlate neurology and psychiatry. A special study is
made of the more common neuroses and borderline psychoses.

Dr. Wilson.

Neurology D1: Neurology C1 is prerequisite.—3 hours weekly during the
entire year, clinic 2 hours weekly and seminar 1 hour weekly. Mental Hygiene.

Dr. Wilson.

SURGERY

Surgery D1: 2 hours weekly for the session. Limited to four students of
the fourth year.—The daily material from the operating room and the collection

250

of pathological material in the files of the laboratory are studied, with correlation
between the pathological findings and the clinical history. The students are
expected to examine all fresh material in the gross and to study the microscopic
pathology. The view-point of the course is the interpretation of these observations
as illustrating the development and progress of surgical disease.

Dr. Lehman and Assistants.

Surgery D2: Degree of M. D. and one year of interne service prerequisite.—
The student is expected to spend his entire time for the year. Surgical pathology
and research in the field of the biological sciences related to clinical surgery. The
former portion of the course consists of study and reports on a large collection
of surgical pathological material. The latter portion is to be arranged individually
with the director.

Dr. Lehman.

[1]

On the Carnegie Foundation.

[2]

Absent on leave, session of 1933-34.

University of Virginia Library

THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND THE DEPARTMENT OF GRADUATE STUDIES

INSTRUCTORS

ASSISTANTS

SERVICE FELLOWS

SERVICE SCHOLARS

ANNOUNCEMENT OF COURSES

SCHOOL OF ANCIENT LANGUAGES

I. Greek

II. Latin

III. Archaeology

SCHOOL OF ASTRONOMY

JOHN B. CARY MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE

MILLER SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE AND BLANDY EXPERIMENTAL FARM

I. Biology and Agriculture

II. Botany

III. Zoölogy.

SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY

McINTIRE SCHOOL OF COMMERCE

JAMES WILSON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS

Economics

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

SCHOOLS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

Linden Kent Memorial School of English Literature

Edgar Allan Poe School of English

McINTIRE SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS

I. History of Art

II. Drawing

III. Architecture

IV. Music

V. Dramatic Art

SCHOOL OF FORESTRY

CORCORAN AND ROGERS SCHOOLS OF GENERAL AND ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

SCHOOL OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF HISTORY

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY

I. Philosophy

For Undergraduates

For Graduates and Undergraduates

For Graduates

II. Psychology

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Requirements

General Requirements

First-Year Activities

Second-Year Activities

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS

SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

SCHOOL OF ROMANIC LANGUAGES

I. French

II. Spanish

III. Italian

GRADUATE ROMANCE

SCHOOL OF RURAL SOCIAL ECONOMICS

SCHOOL OF SOCIOLOGY

COURSES IN MEDICAL SCIENCE OFFERED IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE FOR CANDIDATES FOR GRADUATE DEGREES

HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY

GROSS ANATOMY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

BACTERIOLOGY AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

BIOCHEMISTRY

PHYSIOLOGY

PATHOLOGY

PHARMACOLOGY

DERMATOLOGY AND SYPHILOLOGY

NEUROLOGY

SURGERY

THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND THE
DEPARTMENT OF GRADUATE STUDIES

MILLER SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE AND
BLANDY EXPERIMENTAL FARM

CORCORAN AND ROGERS SCHOOLS OF GENERAL AND
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

COURSES IN MEDICAL SCIENCE OFFERED IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE FOR CANDIDATES
FOR GRADUATE DEGREES