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REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREES

Full opportunity is given to any student to carry out any definite plan of
work which he may have in view on coming to the University, or which
may have been prescribed for him by those under whose direction he is completing
his education. But when no well-considered plan has been outlined
in advance, and the end in view is that for which the great majority of
students should enter college, namely, the attainment of a liberal education,
the student will be expected to enter upon regular work of the college leading
to a baccalaureate degree.

Five degrees are offered candidates for graduation in the College of Arts
and Sciences. Two of these, the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of
Science, are cultural; the Bachelor of Science in a Special Subject, the name
of which is inscribed on the diploma, the Bachelor of Science in Architecture,
and the Bachelor of Science in Commerce, are vocational degrees, designed
for those who wish to fit themselves especially for professional work.

No course offered by a successful candidate for one of the cultural baccalaureate
degrees can be offered by the same candidate as part of the work
credited toward the other cultural baccalaurate degree, nor can any work
done to remove an entrance condition be counted for any degree.

For a student who enters without advanced standing the normal time required
for obtaining a baccalaureate degree is four years, assuming that he

completes each year courses which aggregate the regular minimum of 15
session-hours. A student receiving advanced standing in not less than two
subjects may obtain a degree in three years, provided he is able to complete
each year 18 session-hours. A student may materially shorten the time required
for obtaining a degree by taking courses in the Summer Quarter for
which college credit is given. For credit for work done at other colleges,
see page 96.

The requirements for the baccalaureate degrees are such as to allow a
large measure of freedom of election on the part of the individual student, such
restriction only being placed upon this liberty as is necessary to insure at
the same time the thoroughness and the breadth of culture for which these
degrees stand. In order to secure to the recipient of a degree a due measure
of acquaintance with the methods of thought characteristic of each of the
leading departments of knowledge, as well as with their subject matter, his
courses must be chosen subject to the specific requirements detailed below.

BACHELOR OF ARTS AND BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

The degree of Bachelor of Arts or of Bachelor of Science, respectively,
will be conferred upon regular students who have completed not less than
60 session-hours of undergraduate courses, taken in conformity with the following
program:

(1) Required Subjects.—Candidates for either cultural degree must take
30 hours of required subjects as stated below and must in addition, unless
exemption is granted on a physician's certificate, complete the two years'
course in Physical Education which is not evaluated in session-hours (see
below). Of the 30 hours of required subjects not less than 24 hours must be
taken during the first two years, and the remaining 6 hours not later than the
third year.

Foreign Languages

For the Bachelor of Arts.—9 session-hours from two languages, of which
6 must be in either Latin or Greek.

For the Bachelor of Science.—9 session-hours from two languages, of
which 6 must be in either French, German, Spanish, or Italian.

Mathematics

For either degree.—3 session-hours.

Natural Science

For either degree.—6 session-hours in Biology B1, Chemistry B1, Geology
B1 or Physics B1.

English

For either degree.—6 session-hours, 3 of which may be in Biblical Literature,
or Public Speaking, the other 3 being in English or English Literature.

Social Science

For either degree.—3 session-hours in History B1 or B2, or Economics
B1, or Government B1, or Sociology B1.

Philosophy

For either degree.—3 session-hours in Philosophy B1, or Psychology B1.

Physical Education

For either degree.—Two years' course required of all candidates, which
must be completed during the first two years unless the candidate is excused
on a physician's certificate.

Note.—A candidate entering with advanced standing or with college
credit shall in his first, and, if necessary, continuously in subsequent sessions,
take such courses as are necessary to complete the above requirements for
the first and second sessions.

(2) Electives-at-Large.—Of the remaining 30 session-hours required
for the baccalaureate degree, 18 session-hours may be elected from any
courses in the academic schools for which the candidate has adequate
preparation.

(3) Major-Electives.—The remaining 12 session-hours required for either
degree shall be known as Major-Electives. The Major-Electives shall include
at least one C course (which must require two B courses as a prerequisite),
and must all be offered from some one of the following Major-Groups of
related subjects, except that when the Major-Group is Group III, the candidate
may offer, in lieu of a C course, any 6-hour B course in this Group,
for admission to which another 6-hour B course in the Group is prerequisite.
The Major-Electives must all be completed in this College or in some professional
department of this University.

• Group I.—Languages, Literature, Fine Arts and Music.

• Group II.—Social and Philosophical Sciences.

• Group III.—Mathematical and Natural Sciences.

(4) Substitutions for Major-Electives.—The first-year course in Law, or
the first-year course in Medicine or 12 session-hours of technical courses in
one of the professional departments of Engineering or Education may be substituted
for the 12 session-hours of Major-Electives in academic subjects.
This work, which must be completed in one of the professional departments
of this University, cannot be begun by the candidate until he has spent at least
two sessions of nine months each in successful work in this College, and has
at least 45 session-hours to his credit.

DEGREES WITH HONORS

The courses required for the cultural B.A. and B.S. degrees are adapted
to the powers of the average student, and any graduate of an accredited
school, who has, either by certificate or examination, satisfied the requirements

for admission to the College of Arts and Sciences, if he is reasonably industrious
and regular in his studies, should obtain one of these degrees without
great difficulty in four sessions' work. In every body of students, however,
there are a number who possess greater ability and application that
the average, and whose ambition aims higher than a bare pass-mark on their
work. For the proper stimulation of such students toward the best that
they can do, and for due and authoritative recognition of unusual ability and
high achievement in studies, the Academic Faculty has instituted the following
system of Special Honors:

Intermediate Honors

A certificate of Intermediate Honors is conferred by the Academic
Faculty on the student who, during his first two regular sessions in the
College of Arts and Sciences of this University, has passed on not less than
30 session-hours, including 3 session-hours in English, 3 session-hours in
Mathematics and 6 session-hours in Foreign Language, without failure or
re-examination on any course, and with an average grade on all courses of
85 per cent. or more each session.

The holder of a Certificate of Intermediate Honors, so long as he has
no grade below 75 per cent. on the work of any term in any course, is not
subject to the rules limiting absence from the University, nor does absence
from any class entail on such student any penalty, affecting class-standing,
imposed for absence alone.

The Certificates of Intermediate Honors are publicly conferred at the
Annual Convocation of the University following the session in which the
honors have been attained. The names of the holders of these certificates
are published under a separate heading in the annual catalogue of the University.

Final Honors

Final Honors are conferred only on graduation, and the diploma of B.A.
or B.S. with Final Honors states that the honors were won in a given
academic school.

A student who wishes to attain Final Honors must be accepted as a
candidate for honors two sessions before graduation. Any student who has
met the requirements for the Dean's List for two sessions may apply to
become a candidate for Final Honors. Application must be made first to
the Dean, and, if approved by him, must also be approved by one of the
academic schools which offer work for honors. A list of such schools is
published annually.

Final honors are conferred on the basis of a final comprehensive
examination, both oral and written, on some field of knowledge, and not
for work done in any or all of the regular courses required for a baccalaureate
degree. Honors work involves wide and independent reading for two years,
under the general direction of the professors of an academic school. It does
not require regular attendance upon lectures or the passing of any tests
or examinations, except the final examination, though consultations and
reports may be required. Its aim is the development of a capacity for

scholarly work in a field of knowledge, rather than a mastery of required
details of subject matter.

The completion of work for Final Honors may be counted as credit
towards a B.A. or cultural B.S. degree in lieu of 6 session-hours of Electives-at-Large
or Major-Electives. In the event that the work for honors is not
of sufficiently high quality for Final Honors to be conferred, 6 session-hours'
credit toward a degree without honors may be granted upon recommendation
of the academic school in charge.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN A SPECIAL SUBJECT

The degree of Bachelor of Science in a Special Subject will be conferred
upon regular students who have completed not less than 60 session-hours
of undergraduate courses, taken in conformity with the following
program:

(1) Required Subjects: Candidates must complete 30 session-hours of
required subjects as stated below, not less than 24 hours of which must be
taken during the first two years, and the remaining 6 not later than the third
year.

Foreign Languages: 6 session-hours, of which 3 must be in French and
3 in German.

Mathematics: 6 session-hours.[1]

Natural Science: 12 session-hours in 2 subjects.

English: 6 session-hours, of which 3 must be in English B6.

Physical Education: Two years' course required of all candidates, which
must be completed during the first two years.

A candidate entering with advanced standing or with college credit, shall
in his first, and, if necessary, continuously in subsequent sessions, take such
courses as are necessary to complete the requirements for the first and second
sessions.

(2) Major-Electives: 30 session-hours. At least two years before the
date of graduation, the candidate must select one of the schools of the Natural
or Mathematical Sciences as his Major School, and during the remainder of
his candidacy must pursue work in that School, with such other courses as
shall be prescribed by the professor or professors in charge of his Major
School and approved by the Academic Faculty.

MINIMUM PROGRAM FOR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
IN CHEMISTRY

First Year: Chemistry B1, Mathematics A2, French A1, English A1,
Physical Education begun: Total 15 session-hours.

Second Year: Chemistry B2, Mathematics B2, Physics B1, German A1,
Physical Education completed: Total, 18 session-hours.

Third Year: Chemistry B3, Chemistry C1, English B6: Total, 15 session-hours.

Fourth Year: Chemistry B4, Electives: 12 session-hours to be selected
with the advice of the faculty of the School of Chemistry.

Applicants for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Chemistry are required
to file applications for this degree with the Secretary of the School of
Chemistry not later than one year before the degree is to be conferred.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

The degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture will be conferred upon
regular students who have completed not less than 60 session-hours of
undergraduate courses, taken in conformity with the program which follows:

First Year: English A1, Mathematics A1, Freehand Drawing A1 and
A2, History B1 or B2, Architectural Drawing A1 and A2.

Second Year: Architecture B1, Architectural Construction B1, Freehand
Drawing B1, French A1, History of Art B1.

Third Year: Architecture B2, Architectural Construction B2, Freehand
Drawing and Color B2, French B1, History of Art B2.

Fourth Year: Architecture B3, Architectural Construction B3, History of
Art B3. An Elective of 3 session-hours is to be selected with advice of the
faculty of the School of Architecture.

Physical Education.—Two years' course required of all candidates, which must
be completed during the first two years.

The degree of Master of Science, with a major in Architecture, will be
conferred according to requirements for degrees as stated in the Department of
Graduate Studies. The candidate's Major Subject must be Architectural Design
and the Minor Subject Freehand Drawing or Archaeology.

The degree of Master of Architecture is also offered by Harvard University
to the student with a degree of B.S. in Architecture from the University of
Virginia, who completes the two-year course as outlined below.

(Harvard): Architecture 4a and a part of 4b (Advanced design), Architecture
3b (Life drawing), Architecture 1b (Modern Architecture), Architecture
6ab (Modeling), Architecture 5b (Structural design), Architecture 8.

(Harvard): Architecture 5c (Advanced structural design), Architecture 9
(Contracts and Specifications), Architecture 10ab (Theory of Architecture), two
historic problems, two construction problems, thesis.

Additional information in regard to the degree of Master of Architecture
may be had upon application to Dean G. H. Edgell, the School of Architecture
Harvard University.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN COMMERCE

The degree of Bachelor of Science in Commerce will be conferred upon
regular students who have completed not less than 60 session-hours of undergraduate
courses, taken in conformity with the following program:

(1) Required Subjects.—Candidates for the Bachelor of Science in Commerce
must take 30 session-hours of required subjects as stated below, not less
than 24 hours of which must be taken during the first two years.

Foreign Languages.—6 session-hours from one of the following languages:
French, German, Spanish or Italian.

Mathematics.—3 session-hours in Mathematics A4.

Natural Science.—6 session-hours.

English.—6 session-hours.

Social Science.—9 session-hours in History, Government B1 and Economics
B1.

Physical Education.—Two years' course required of all candidates, which must
be completed during the first two years.

(2) Major-Electives.—Of the remaining 30 session-hours required for
the degree, 24 session-hours must be taken from commercial subjects in the
Schools of Economics and Commerce and Business Administration, 18 session-hours
of which shall include the following courses: Economic Geography B1,
Commercial Law B1, Economics B2, Economics B3, Economics B4 and Economics
B5. An additional B course, and one C course must be taken in commercial
subjects. The remaining 6 session-hours may be elected from any courses in the
academic schools for which the candidate has adequate preparation.

(3) Substitution for Major-Electives.—Candidates for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Commerce will be permitted to substitute the first-year
course in the Department of Law of this University for 12 session-hours from
the group of Major-Electives. This substitution, however, cannot be made unless
the student has spent at least two sessions of nine months each in successful
work in the College of this University, and has at least 45 session-hours to his
credit. The substitution must include the 6 session-hours of general electives,
the remaining 6 session-hours to be designated by the faculty of the Schools of
Economics and Commerce.

PROGRAM FOR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN COMMERCE

First Year: French, German, Spanish or Italian A, Mathematics A4, English
A, Natural Science (Chemistry B1 or Geology B1 recommended), Physical
Education begun: Total, 15 session-hours.

Second Year: French, German, Spanish or Italian B, Economics B1, Economics
B4, Economic Geography B1, English B, Physical Education completed:
Total, 15 session-hours.

Third Year: Economics B2, Economics B3, History B2 or B3, Commercial
Law B1, and one general elective course: Total, 15 session-hours.

Fourth Year: Economics B5, one additional B course in Economics, Government
B1, a C course in Economics, and one general elective course: Total,
15 session-hours.