University of Virginia Library

COURSES IN ECONOMICS, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
AND GOVERNMENT.

JAMES WILSON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS.

I. Economics.

Economics B1: The Principles of Economics. (Not open to first year
students).—First and second terms: Survey of the principles of economics.
Third term: The bearing of these principles upon present American
conditions. Instruction will be given by lectures, assigned readings, reports,
and discussions—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate
Professor Snavely and assistants.

Economics C1: The Growth of American Industry and Commerce:
Economics B1 and any other B course in Group IV, prerequisite.—Economic
principles as illustrated by American experience, with a study of the influence
of economic conditions upon American social and political development.
The work is mainly topical, and the topics receiving chief emphasis
vary from year to year. Associate Professor Snavely.

Economics C2: Public Finance: Economics B1 and one other B course
in Group IV, prerequisite.—First and second terms: The general principles
of public finance, with a detailed investigation of state and local taxation.
Third term: The financial institutions and methods of the federal
government. Associate Professor Snavely.

Only one of the courses, Economics C1 and C2, will be given in any
one session.

Economics C3: Money and Banking and International Trade: Economics
B1 and one other B course in Group IV, prerequisite.—First and second
terms: Money and Banking: A study of monetary systems, forms of
money and monetary standards, price level and its fluctuations, principles
of banking accounts, national banking system and the Federal Reserve
System, government financing. Third term: International Trade: Sources
of raw materials and important commodities, shipping, trade agreements,
commercial treaties, tariffs, international exchange, reconstruction problems.—Associate
Professor Snavely.

Economics C4: Business Organization: Economics B1 and one other B
course in Group IV, prerequisite.—Forms of business organization, growth
of corporation, corporation laws of different States, sources of capital, different
kinds of stocks and bonds, borrowing power of corporation, profits
and distribution of earnings, use of surplus; governmental restrictions on
business and industry; problems of the war and of reconstruction.—Hours
by appointment. Associate Professor Snavely. Omitted in 1920-1921.

Economics D1: A Course of Research.—Associate Professor Snavely.

II. Business Administration.

a. Courses in 1920-'21.

Economics B2: Elementary Accounting.—Technique and science,

nature and classifications, debit and credit, property accounts showing assets
and liabilities and those showing profit and loss, "mixed accounts,"
inventories, adjustments, statements, and balance sheets. (B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Associate Professor Eldred,
and Mr. Carruthers and assistants.

Economics B3: Advanced Accounting.—A continuation of Economics
B2, with particular reference to the corporation, costs, adjustments, depreciations,
and auditing. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.)
Mr. Carruthers.

Economics B4: Accounting and Cost Accounting.—A short course
dealing with the technique and science of accounting, the nature and classification
of accounts, the principle of debit and credit, property accounts,
loss and gain accounts, inventories, adjustments, statements, etc.; the elements
of costs with the principles and general methods of cost finding,
compiling of cost data, etc. Associate Professor Eldred (fall term; principally
for Engineering students).

Economics C5: Marketing.—This course attempts an analysis of the
existing commercial mechanism for the distribution of goods from "producer"
to "consumer." The emphasis of the course will be put on practical
problems in an endeavor to appraise the efficiency of the distributive
system and to indicate where improvements may be introduced. The
work of the fall term will deal primarily with the marketing of farm products
and raw materials; that of the winter term with the merchandising of
manufactured or "finished" products, with some attention to the significance
of advertising as a business force. Associate Professor Eldred.
(Fall and Winter Terms.)

Economics C6: Business Statistics.—The application of statistical
methods to business and economic problems, such as living costs, employment,
production, sales, markets, construction of index numbers, and
economic and business forecasts. Associate Professor Eldred. (Spring
Term.)

Economics C7: Industrial Problems.—This course attempts to analyze
the basic elements in the human relationship of employer and employee
as exemplified in modern industry, and to acquaint the student
with the major problems and necessary point of view to enable him to
make a helpful contribution towards a better industrial relationship.

A brief consideration of the history and structure of modern industry in
its bearings on human nature will be followed by a detailed study of the
causes and manifestations of "labor unrest" and by an examination of the
most promising plans that have been suggested for the prevention and
adjustment of industrial disputes—including collective bargaining, arbitration,
profit sharing, and the like—as well as a consideration of the
broader implications of the workers' aspirations to exert a larger and more
organic influence upon the processes of industrial life. Associate Professor
Eldred (Winter and Spring Terms.)

b. Courses in 1921-22.

It is also planned to offer in 1921-22 one or more of the following
courses, depending upon the number of registrants:

A full year course in Transportation, including railroads, inland waterways,
and ocean systems, with particular reference to freight rates and
traffic problems from the points of view both of the general business
community and of those who plan to enter transportation as a vocation.

A full year course in Insurance, devoting one term each to property
insurance, life insurance, and social insurance.

A full year course in Labor Supply and Organization, involving a discussion
of immigration and the working class population, the extent and
character of employment and unemployment, the movement for standards
of labor legislation, trade unions and their policies, employment
management and wage systems, labor disputes and agencies of industrial
conciliation.

A full year course in the Economics of Agriculture, approaching the
problems of farm management from the point of view of the farm as a
business enterprise as well as considering the relation of agriculture to
the while industrial system. Among the topics to be investigated are:
the changing social conditions of rural life, the forms of land tenure,
large farms vs. small farms, intensive vs. extensive farming, specialized
as compared with diversified farming, the status and wages of farm labor,
the influence of farm machinery, farmers' business organizations,
agricultural credit, the marketing and distribution of farm products.

III. Government.

Government B1: Constitutional Government.—A description and comparison
of the theories and essential features of the governments of the
United States, England, France, Germany, and Switzerland, with the greatest
stress on the government of the United States and the work of Congress,
and governmental institutions and the war. Instruction by lectures,
textbook study, assigned readings, written reports, and conferences with
the instructor.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate Professor
Rogers and assistants.

Government C1: International Relations: Government B1, and one
B course in economics, commercial law, or commercial geography, prerequisite
(but, with the permission of the instructor, this course and Government B1
may be taken together.—The nature of international law; the scope of
existing international government; the causes of modern wars; the problem
of preserving peace (peace projects of the past, the adequacy of arbitral
machinery, recent proposals); international economic relations; backward
peoples; the foreign policy of the United States; the problems of
the war and of the peace treaty. Associate Professor Rogers.

Government C2: Political Parties.—The origin, development and organization
of political parties in the American (federal, state and municipal)
and foreign governmental systems, with a consideration of current
party issues and problems. Associate Professor Rogers. Omitted in 19201921.

Government D1: Politics and Jurisprudence.—Various concepts of
the state, of sovereignty, and of political obligation; American political
theories; the nature, sources, and forms of law, and its philosophical and
sociological aspects.—Hours by appointment. Associate Professor Rogers.

Government D2: Constitutional Aspects of Social and Economic Problems.—The
constitutional limitations on governmental action with respect
to property and industry; labor problems, the regulation of corporations,
interstate commerce, social legislation, the extension of federal
authority, etc.—Hours by appointment. Associate Professor Rogers.
Omitted in 1920-1921.

IV. Commercial Geography.

Commercial Geography B1: General Survey.—The agricultural, industrial
and artistic production of the various nations of the world, the conditions
governing the markets, the laws of international exchange, the development
of trade relations and a summary of the history of commerce and
the shifting, with time, of trade routes.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
of electives-at-large.) Associate Professor Bardin. Omitted in 19201921.

Commercial Geography B2: Economic Geography of Latin America.
—(Will be given if as many as thirty men apply for it at registration. No
one admitted after the first term.) A general survey of the civilization, past
and present, of the republics of South and Central America and Mexico.—
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Associate Professor
Bardin.

Commercial Geography D1: A Course of Research.—Associate Professor
Bardin.

V. Commercial Law.

Commercial Law B1: Not Open to First-Year Students.—A detailed
study of the fundamental and important, rather than the technical, principles
of those subjects of which some knowledge is necessary in ordinary
commercial transactions, including contracts, negotiable instruments,
agency, partnerships, bailments and carriers, sales of personal property, insurance.
Instruction is given in the practical drafting of business documents,
such as simple contracts, powers of attorney, articles of copartnership,
mortgages, deeds of trust and bills of sale.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours of electives-at-large.) Mr. Boyd.