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THE ACADEMIC SCHOOLS.
  
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THE ACADEMIC SCHOOLS.

                                                     

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EDWIN ANDERSON ALDERMAN, Ph.B., D.C.L., LL.D.  President 
JAMES MORRIS PAGE, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.  Dean 
FRANCIS HENRY SMITH, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D.  Emeritus Professor of Natural Philosophy 
WILLIAM MYNN THORNTON, B.A., LL.D.  Professor of Applied Mathematics 
WILLIAM HOLDING ECHOLS, B.S., C.E.  Professor of Mathematics 
RICHARD HEATH DABNEY, M.A., Ph.D.  Corcoran Professor of History 
RICHARD HENRY WILSON, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Romanic Languages 
JAMES MORRIS PAGE, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.  Professor of Mathematics 
THOMAS FITZHUGH, M.A.  Professor of Latin 
WILLIAM ALEXANDER LAMBETH, M.D., Ph.D.  Professor of Hygiene 
ALBERT LEFEVRE, B.A., Ph.D., LL.D.  Corcoran Professor of Philosophy 
[2] THOMAS WALKER PAGE, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.  James Wilson Professor of Economics 
THOMAS LEONARD WATSON, M.S., Ph.D.  Corcoran Professor of Geology 
ROBERT MONTGOMERY BIRD, B.A., B.S., Ph.D.  Collegiate Professor of Chemistry 
WILLIAM MENTZEL FORREST, B.A.  John B. Cary Memorial Professor of Biblical History and Literature 
WILLIAM HARRISON FAULKNER, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Germanic Languages 
CHARLES GILMORE MAPHIS  Professor of Secondary Education 
ROBERT HENNING WEBB, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Greek 
SAMUEL ALFRED MITCHELL, M.A., Ph.D.,  Professor of Astronomy 
IVEY FOREMAN LEWIS, B.A., M.S., Ph.D.  Miller Professor of Biology and Agriculture 
LLEWELYN GRIFFITH HOXTON, B.S., M. A., Ph.D.  Professor of Physics 
JOHN LEVI MANAHAN, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Educational Administration 
WILLIAM ALLISON KEPNER, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Biology 
JOHN CALVIN METCALF, M.A., Litt.D.  Linden Kent Memorial Professor of English Literature 
GRAHAM EDGAR, B.S., Ph.D.  Professor of Chemistry 
GEORGE OSCAR FERGUSON, JR., M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Educational Psychology 
FISKE KIMBALL, M.Arch., Ph.D.  Professor of Art and Architecture 
WILLIAM ROYALL SMITHEY, M.A., Ph.D.  Professor of Education 
[1] ABNEY PAYNE, LIEUT.-COLONEL, U. S. A.  Professor of Military Science 
JAMES SOUTHALL WILSON, M.A., Ph.D.  Edgar Allan Poe Professor of English 
RICHARD CHAPIN JONES, B.A.  Associate Professor of Forestry 
ALBERT GEORGE ADAM BALZ, M.A., Ph.D.  Associate Professor of Philosophy 
CARROLL MASON SPARROW, B.A., Ph.D.  Associate Professor of Physics 
HERMAN PATRICK JOHNSON, M.A., Ph.M.  Associate Professor of English Literature 
LINDSAY ROGERS, B. A., LL.B., Ph.D.  Associate Professor of Political Science 
GARDNER LLOYD CARTER, M. A., Ph.D.  Associate Professor of Chemistry 
CHARLES WAKEFIELD PAUL  Associate Professor of Public Speaking 
JAMES COOK BARDIN, M.D.  Associate Professor of Romanic Languages 
JOHN JENNINGS LUCK, M.A., Ph.D.  Associate Professor of Mathematics 
W. PATTON GRAHAM, M.A.  Associate Professor of Romanic Languages 
JAMES SUGARS McLEMORE, M.A., Ph.D.  Adjunct Professor of Latin and Instructor in Greek 
CHARLES POLLARD OLIVIER, M.A., Ph.D.  Adjunct Professor of Astronomy 
ALBERT WILLIAM GILES, B.A., M.S.  Adjunct Professor of Geology 
HAROLD LEE ALDEN, B.A., M.S., Ph.D.  Adjunct Professor of Astronomy 
TIPTON RAY SNAVELY, M.A., Ph.D.  Adjunct Professor of Economics 
JOHN HOWE YOE, M.S., M.A.  Adjunct Professor of Chemistry 
FRANCIS HARRIS ABBOT, M.A.  Adjunct Professor of French 

INSTRUCTORS.

                             

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Stanislaw John Makielski  Art and Architecture 
Judson Hall Robertson, M.S.  Chemistry 
Edwin Thurman Boyd, LL.B.  Commercial Law 
Elmer Irving Carruthers  Economics 
Thomas Elbert Wright, M.A.  Economics 
Armistead Churchill Gordon, Jr., M.A.  English 
Charles Herbert Huffman, M.A.  English 
Robert Randolph Ball  French 
Armand de Grouchy, Bac. ès lettres  French 
Stephen Philip Holt, E.M.  Geology 
Ernest Linwood Lehman, M.A.  Latin and French 
Lyttleton Waddell  Latin 
Charles Henderson  Mathematics 
Ben Zion Linfield, B.S.  Mathematics 
Crawford Patterson Livesay, M.E.  Mathematics 
Henry Lewis Painter, B.A., M.E. E.E.  Mathematics 
Henry Haden Lannigan  Physical Training 
Harry Gray Burks, Jr., B.A.  Physics 
James Shannon Miller, Jr., B.A., B.S.  Physics 
William Kyle Smith  Portuguese 
William Edward Knight, M.E.  Spanish 

ASSISTANTS.

                                                                 
William Robert Morton  Accounting 
James Colvin Mallory  Astronomy 
Kurt Walter Franke  Biology 
Bruce Dodson Reynolds  Biology 
Conway Zirkle  Biology 
Linton Hampton Baer  Chemistry 
Lawrence Sinclair Cannon, B.S.  Chemistry 
Nathaniel Dabney Chapman, B.S.  Chemistry 
Clinton Eaton Coleman, B.A.  Chemistry 
George Budd Dillard  Chemistry 
Edgar Henry Herrmann  Chemistry 
Winborne Terry Jenkins  Chemistry 
Nicholas Ewing Oglesby, M.A.  Chemistry 
Charles Orchard, Jr.  Chemistry 
Arthur August Pegau, B.A.  Chemistry 
John Miller Porter  Chemistry 
William Orr Swan, B.S.  Chemistry 
Charles Blair Tavenner  Chemistry 
Gilbert Ivo Thurmond, B.S.  Chemistry 
Ryland Morton Warren  Chemistry 
Armistead Churchill Young, Jr., B.S.  Chemistry 
Frank Wesley Davies, B.A.  Economics and Physical Training 
Roy Lawrence Garis, B.A.  English and Philosophy 
Frank Martin Lemon, M.A.  English 
Isaac Jay Quesenberry  English 
Aurelius Sydney Furcron  Geology 
James William Kisling, Jr.  Geology 
Frank McCutchan, M.A.  Physical Training 
Charles Trabue Hatcher  Physics 
Harry Augustus Martin  Physics 
William Douglas Arant  Political Science 
Philip Marshall Payne, M.S.  Political Science 
Ellsworth Wiltshire, B.A.  Philosophy 

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ANNOUNCEMENT OF COURSES.

Courses which have no credit value toward a degree are designated by
numbers alone. All other courses are designated by letters, which have
the following signification:

A: a course for undergraduates, with a credit value toward a baccalaureate
degree, to which students who enter with advanced standing are
entitled, under the conditions set forth on page 128.

B: a course for undergraduates, with credit value toward a baccalaureate
degree.

C: a course for undergraduates and graduates.

D: a course for graduates.

Unless otherwise stated, each course involves three lecture hours a
week, and courses in the natural sciences six hours of laboratory work in
addition.

For hours of lectures, see schedule, p. 138.

For courses in the Summer School on which college credit is allowed,
see pp. 224-227.

McINTIRE SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS.

I. Art.

Art B1: History of Art.—The development of architecture, sculpture,
and painting in antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and modern
times, with an introduction to their elements and technique. Lectures,
reports.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Kimball.

Art B2: Freehand Drawing.—Expression of form by line and by
light and shade. Practice in drawing from the cast in pencil and in charcoal:
geometrical forms, ornament, the figure. Sketching out of doors
in pencil, pen, and wash.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Tues.,
Thurs., Sat., 9-12. Mr. Makielski.

Art B3: Painting: Art B2 prerequisite.—The rendering of color and
form. Practice in painting from still life and from nature in water colors
and in oils.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 2 session-hours.) Tues., Thurs., Sat.,
10-12. Mr Makielski.

Art C1: Advanced Drawing and Painting: Art B2 and B3 prerequisite.—First
and second terms: Drawing and painting from the life. Third
term: Painting landscape and architectural subjects out of doors.—Not
offered in 1919-1920.

II. Architecture.

Architecture B1: Architectural Drawing; Elements of Construction
and Design:
Art B1 prerequisite.—Walls, mouldings, and openings, "the


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orders," architectural rendering; preparation of scale drawings and details;
perspective. Lectures and drawing.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
of electives-at-large.) Mon. Wed., Fri., 2-3, and drawing 3-5.
Professor Kimball and Mr. Makielski.

Architecture B2: Architectural Design: Architecture B1 prerequisite.
—Problems in the design of simple structures and of the elements of large
compositions. Sketch problems in the planning of more complex structures.
Individual criticism and discussion, with occasional lectures.
Fee, $40.[2] (Credit, 4 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture.) Drawing, 12
hours a week, normally Mon., Tues., Wed., Fri., 2-5. Professor Kimball.

Architecture C1: Advanced Architectural Design: Architecture B1 and
B2 prerequisite.
—Problems in the design of complex structures and ensembles.
Sketch problems in the developed treatment of elements of architecture
and the allied arts. Individual criticism and discussion, with occasional
lectures. Fee, $40.[2] (Credit, 6 session-hours for B.S. in Architecture.)
Drawing, 18 hours a week. Professor Kimball.

 
[2]

This fee is included in the tuition fee paid by non-Virginians.

III. Music.

Music B1: Musical History and Analysis.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.) Hours to be announced. Professor —.

Music B2: Harmony and Counterpoint.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session
hours of electives-at-large.) Hours to be announced. Professor —.

Music C1: Composition.—Hours to be arranged. Professor —.

History and Environment.—The work offered re-establishes the instruction
outlined in the first curriculum of the University, 1818, the earliest
proposal for instruction in architecture in any American university. An
unrivalled background is provided for it by the buildings and environment
of Charlottesville; the University group, with its old buildings specially
designed to furnish examples of the various orders "as specimens
for the architectural lecturer," its new buildings designed by Stanford
White; the works of sculpture by Houdon, Ezekiel, Bitter, Borglum, Keck,
Shrady, and Aitken; the exhibitions of paintings brought to the University
with part of the income of the McIntire fund.

The School of Fine Arts occupies the building at the south end of
West Range, which has been specially adapted to its use. It comprises a
lecture and exhibition hall 35 by 55 feet, an architectural draughting room,
a studio for freehand drawing and painting, with dark rooms and offices.
A special fund for equipment given by Mr. McIntire has made generous
provisions for casts, books, photographs and lantern slides. The casts
include geometrical models, motives of ornamentation, architectural elements,
elements of the figure, and a number of full figures from the antique,
as well as fine modern figures. Beside the books on architectural
history and on building construction kept at the University Library, an
exceptional departmental collection of works valuable for reference in


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architectural design and detailing, is housed in direct connection with the
draughting room. Among the numerous important sets of folios are the
Grands Prix de Rome, Médailles des Concours d'architecture, Monuments
antiques, Fragments antiques, Edifices de Rome moderne, The Georgian
Period, Work of McKim, Mead, and White, etc., etc. These are supplemented
by some three thousand photographs, and by a collection of
five thousand lantern slides, as well as by a number of envoi drawings by
former holders of the Roman Prize and the Rotch Travelling Scholarship.

SCHOOL OF PRACTICAL ASTRONOMY.

Astronomy B1: General Astronomy: Mathematics A1 prerequisite.
The fundamental principles and methods of theoretical and practical astronomy.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Mitchell and
Instructor.

Astronomy B2: Modern Astronomy: Astronomy B1 prerequisite.
Newer methods in astronomy; use of instruments; principles of navigation.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Hours to be arranged. Adjunct
Professor Olivier.

Astronomy B3: Navigation: Mathematics A1 prerequisite.—For men
who wish to prepare for service in the United States Merchant Marine or
in the United States Navy. Day's work, middle-latitude sailing, Mercator's
sailing, great circle sailing, distance from a fixed object, use of charts,
latitude, longitude, correction of compass, Sumner lines, etc., Laboratory
fee, $5.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Adjunct Professor Alden.

Astronomy C1: Spherical and Practical Astronomy: Astronomy B1 and
Mathematics B2 prerequisite.
—Spherical astronomy and theory of astronomical
instruments, with practical exercises in making and reducing astronomical
observations.—Hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Alden.

Astronomy C2: Celestial Mechanics: Astronomy B1 and Mathematics
B2 prerequisite.
—Rectilinear motion, central forces, potential; problems of
two, three and n bodies, perturbations, determination of a preliminary orbit.—Hours
to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Olivier.

Astronomy D1: Advanced Practical Astronomy: Astronomy C1 prerequisite.—Determination
of the positions of the fixed stars, use of transit
instrument, equatorials and measuring machines.—Hours by appointment.
Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D2: Theoria Motus: Astronomy B1 and Mathematics B2
prerequisite.
—Determination of the position of an undisturbed body from
known elements, determination of the elements of an undisturbed orbit, theory
of special perturbations.—Hour by appointment. Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D3: Advanced Celestial Mechanics: Astronomy C2 prerequisite.—Problem
of three bodies, and theory of general perturbations.—
Hours by appointment. Professor Mitchell.

Astronomy D4: Photographic Astronomy: Astronomy C1 prerequisite.
Theory and reduction of astronomical photographs, including spectrograms.
—Hours by appointment. Professor Mitchell.


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The Leander McCormick Observatory is situated upon Mount Jefferson,
which furnishes an unobstructed horizon. The principal building is a
rotunda forty-five feet in diameter, which contains the great Clark refractor
of twenty-six inches aperture. The instrument and building are the gift
of the late Leander J. McCormick, Esq., of Chicago. The telescope is fitted
with micrometer, photometer, and plate-holder for stellar photography.
The computing rooms adjoining contain clocks, chronograph, machines for
measuring astronomical photographs and spectrograms, and an excellent
working library. In a smaller building are a three-inch transit and a six-inch
equatorial. A temporary students' observatory, erected in the rear
of Dawson's Row, is intended primarily for the use of students in Astronomy
B1.

The members of the Visiting Committee of the Leander McCormick
Observatory are:

  • THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY.

  • THE RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY.

  • MR. ROBERT HALL MCCORMICK.

  • PROFESSOR S. I. BAILEY, ACTING DIRECTOR OF THE HARVARD COLLEGE OBSERVATORY.

  • THE DIRECTOR OF THE LEANDER MCCORMICK OBSERVATORY.

For information in regard to the Vanderbilt Fellowships in astronomy,
see page 96.

JOHN B. CARY MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF BIBLICAL HISTORY
AND LITERATURE.

Biblical History B1.—The history of the Hebrew people throughout
the Old Testament, the Apocrypha, and the New Testament.—(B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Forrest.

Biblical Literature B2.—The literature of the Old and New Testaments,
with attention to the literary features and the contents of the various
books.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Forrest.

Biblical Literature C1: Any two B courses from the English Group, prerequisite.—The
origin and history of the English Bible: The canon; the
text; the English versions. Professor Forrest.

Biblical Literature D1.—The religious ideas of the Bible, or the theology
of the Old and New Testaments.—Hours by appointment. Professor
Forrest.

MILLER SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY.

A laboratory fee of $5 is charged for each course.

Any course may be withdrawn unless elected by at least four students.

I. Biology and Agriculture.

Biology B1: General Biology.—An elementary study of living organisms
and the relations between animals and plants. Plants will be studied
from the standpoint of metabolism and growth, and animals from that of
structure and response. Types will be chosen which illustrate the fundamental


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biological laws and throw light on the place of man among living
things.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.) Professor Lewis, Professor
Kepner, Mr. Franke, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Zirkle.

Biology B2: Agricultural Botany: Biology B1 prerequisite.—The physiology
of the higher plants, especially as related to nutrition and growth;
the principles of crop-raising as based on the laws of plant life. Hours to
be arranged. Professor Lewis.

Biology B3: Agricultural Zoölogy: Biology B1 prerequisite.—The parasitic
protozoa, worms, and arthropods; the insects will be considered in
their economic relations, and the anatomy of the domestic animals examined.
The relation of animals to the soil and to plant life will be discussed.—Hours
to be arranged. Professor Kepner.

Biology B5: Evolution and Heredity: Biology B1 prerequisite.—First
term: Evolution, the theory and its history. Second term: The principles
of heredity and their application to social questions. Third term: The biological
aspects of human problems. Lectures only.—(B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours.) Professor Lewis, Professor Kepner.

II. Botany.

Botany C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—The evolution of plants based on
a morphological study of a series of types, which will represent the more
important families of algae, fungi, liverworts, mosses, ferns and seed
plants. The principles of classification are considered and illustrated.—One
hour a week will be devoted to a study of periodical literature. Professor
Lewis.

Botany D1.—Advanced work along some of the lines indicated above.
The work will be varied to suit the needs of the students applying for the
course.—Hours by appointment. Professor Lewis.

III. Zoölogy.

Zöology B1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—First term: General embryology.
Second and third terms: Comparative anatomy of typical vertebrates.
The course will afford training in histological and embryological
technique and in mammalian dissection.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)
Professor Kepner.

Zoölogy C1: Biology B1 prerequisite.—Experimental zoölogy. A comparative
study of the morphology and behavior of typical invertebrates.—
Two lectures and two three-hour laboratory periods weekly. Abstracting
of periodical literature one hour each week. Professor Kepner.

Zoölogy D1.—Principles of animal histology. Protoplasm, cell organization,
and tissue formation. The student is required to become familiar
with the principles of histological technique and to make his own preparations.—Two
lectures and two three-hour laboratory periods a week. Also
a weekly meeting of one hour for a discussion with the instructor of current
literature and of the problems arising out of the students' work.
Hours by appointment. Professor Kepner.

Further advanced work may be arranged to meet the needs of students.


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SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY.

Students taking courses in Chemistry are required to pay for each
course a fee of $20 and make a special deposit of $5 to cover breakage of
apparatus.

Chemistry B1: General Chemistry.—The fundamental principles and
phenomena of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry, and the foundations
of analytical chemistry. Most of the time is devoted to inorganic
phenomena.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.) Two lecture sections:
Section I, for premedical and college students. Section II, for Engineering
students. Associate Professor Carter, Mr. Robertson, and assistants.

Chemistry B2: Organic Chemistry: Chemistry B1 prerequisite.—An
introduction to the study of the compounds of carbon, including the application
of modern chemical theory to such compounds and their reactions.
—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.) Professor Bird and assistants.

Chemistry B3: Qualitative Analysis: Chemistry B1 prerequisite.—The
first two terms will be devoted to the study of systematic qualitative analysis.
The third term will be devoted to elementary quantitative analysis.
In the lectures and recitation work special emphasis will be given to the
theoretical foundations of analytical chemistry.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6
session-hours.) Adjunct Professor Yoe and assistants.

Chemistry C1: Quantitative Analysis: Chemistry B3 prerequisite.—A
thorough course in quantitative analysis, including some work in technical
methods of analysis as well as the fundamental procedures of gravimetric
and volumetric analysis. One to two hours of lecture and recitation a
week. Eight to ten hours of laboratory. Mon., Wed., Fri., 2-5, with three
hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Yoe and assistants.

Chemistry C2: Organic Chemistry: Chemistry B2 and C1 prerequisite.
—The lectures deal with selected topics in organic chemistry. Reading
from the scientific journals, advanced texts, and the history of chemistry
will be assigned. The laboratory work involves a study of typical problems,
designed to teach methods of investigation which are widely applicable.
Twelve or more hours a week. Lectures: Mon., Wed., Fri., 2-3;
Laboratory: 9 hours by appointment. Professor Bird.

Chemistry C3: Physical Chemistry: Chemistry B1 and B3 prerequisite.
—Some knowledge of the calculus is required and previous training in
Physics is desirable. This course treats of such topics as the gas
laws, kinetic theory of gases, the properties of dilute solutions, molecular
weights, mass action, reaction velocities, electrolysis and electromotive
force, the phase rule, etc. Emphasis is placed upon the application of
physico-chemical laws in the solution of chemical problems. The laboratory
work consists of a course in physico-chemical measurements. Professor
Edgar.

Chemistry C4: Applied Chemistry: Chemistry B2 and C3 prerequisite.
—The lectures and recitations in this course will be devoted to the study
of fundamental principles underlying the more important phases of industrial


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chemistry, including both theoretical and economic problems. A
considerable amount of reading in descriptive industrial chemistry will be
assigned, and written reports upon special subjects will be required. Professor
Edgar.

Advanced Courses: Seminars will be offered in the different branches
of Chemistry to students applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
The courses will be offered only as occasion demands, and the subjects
treated will vary. These courses will be designated as "D" courses, but
owing to the flexibility which it is desired to secure in the subject matter,
no definite statement of them will be made except that special phases
of physical, inorganic, and analytical chemistry will be treated, including
such subjects as radio-chemistry, the chemistry of the rare elements,
colloid and surface chemistry, etc. Research work looking toward a thesis
will accompany these courses.

The Chemical Journal Club will meet once a week (hour to be arranged)
for the critical review and discussion of various topics of interest
in current chemical literature and of such chemical researches as are in
progress in the University. All members of the teaching staff and advanced
students in chemistry are expected to participate in these meetings
and to take part in the discussions. The privileges of the club are
extended to all members of the University and others who are interested
in the progress of Chemistry.

The Chemical Laboratory, recently completed, is of brick, fire-proof
construction, and the three floors afford 30,000 square feet of space. The
seven larger laboratories will accommodate 625 students, and, in addition
to these, there are smaller laboratories for the use of instructors and advanced
students. There are also rooms for assay furnaces, gas and water
analysis, photography, etc. The building is supplied throughout with water,
gas and electricity. A commodious working library is available for the
students, containing about 4,000 books directly related to chemistry, and
complete files of the more important chemical journals.

JAMES WILSON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS.

I. Economics.

Economics B1: The Principles of Economics. (Not open to first year
students).—First and second terms: Survey of the principles of economics.
Third term: The bearing of these principles upon present American
conditions. Instruction will be given by lectures, assigned readings, reports,
and discussions.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Adjunct
Professor Snavely and assistants.

Economics B2: Statistics and Accounting: Economics B1 prerequisite,
but may be taken concurrently.
First term: Statistics: Statistical method,
including the collection of material, sources, making of schedules, tabulation,
diagrammatic and graphic presentation, averages, correlation, index
numbers. Second and third terms: Accounting: Technique and science,
nature and classifications, debit and credit, property accounts showing assets


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and liabilities and those showing profit and loss, "mixed accounts,"
inventories, adjustments, statements and balance sheets.—(B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session hours of electives-at-large.) Adjunct Professor Snavely
and Mr. Carruthers.

Economics C1: The Growth of American Industry and Commerce:
Economics B1 and any other B course in Group IV, prerequisite.—Economic
principles as illustrated by American experience, with a study of the influence
of economic conditions upon American social and political development.
The work is mainly topical, and the topics receiving chief emphasis
vary from year to year. Adjunct Professor Snavely.

Economics C2: Public Finance: Economics B1 and one other B course
in Group IV, prerequisite.
—First and second terms: The general principles
of public finance, with a detailed investigation of state and local taxation.
Third term: The financial institutions and methods of the federal government.
Adjunct Professor Snavely.

Only one of the courses, Economics C1 and C2, will be given in any
one session.

Economics C3: Money and Banking and International Trade: Economics
B1 and one other B course in Group IV, prerequisite.
—First and second
terms: Money and Banking: A study of monetary systems, forms of
money and monetary standards, price level and its fluctuations, principles
of banking accounts, national banking system and the Federal Reserve System,
government financing. Third term: International Trade: Sources of
raw materials and important commodities, shipping, trade agreements, commercial
treaties, tariffs, international exchange, reconstruction problems.—
Adjunct Professor Snavely.

Economics C4: Business Organization: Economics B1 and one other B
course in Group IV, prerequisite.
—Forms of business organization, growth
of corporation, corporation laws of different States, sources of capital, different
kinds of stocks and bonds, borrowing power of corporations, profits
and distribution of earnings, use of surplus; governmental restrictions on
business and industry; problems of the war and of reconstruction.—Hours
by appointment. Adjunct Professor Snavely. Omitted in 1920-1921.

Economics D1: A Course of Research.—Adjunct Professor Snavely.

II. Government.

Government B1: Constitutional Government.—A description and comparison
of the theories and essential features of the governments of the
United States, England, France, Germany, and Switzerland, with the greatest
stress on the government of the United States and the work of Congress,
and governmental institutions and the war. Instruction by lectures,
textbook study, assigned readings, written reports, and conferences with
the instructor.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate Professor
Rogers and assistants.

Government C1: International Relations: Government B1, and one B
course in economics, commercial law, or commercial geography, prerequisite


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(but, with the permission of the instructor, this course and Government B1 may
be taken together
).—The nature of international law; the scope of existing
international government; the causes of modern wars; the problem of preserving
peace (peace projects of the past, the adequacy of arbitral machinery,
recent proposals); international economic relations; backward peoples;
the foreign policy of the United States; the problems of the war and of the
peace treaty. Associate Professor Rogers. Omitted in 1920-1921.

Government C2: Political Parties.—The origin, development and organization
of political parties in the American (federal, state and municipal)
and foreign governmental systems, with a consideration of current
party issues and problems. Associate Professor Rogers.

Government D1: Politics and Jurisprudence.—Various concepts of the
state, of sovereignty, and of political obligation; American political theories;
the nature, sources, and forms of law, and its philosophical and sociological
aspects.—Hours by appointment. Associate Professor Rogers.

Government D2: Constitutional Aspects of Social and Economic Problems.—The
constitutional limitations on governmental action with respect
to property and industry; labor problems, the regulation of corporations,
interstate commerce, social legislation, the extension of federal authority,
etc.—Hours by appointment. Associate Professor Rogers. Omitted in
1920-1921.

III. Commercial Geography.

Commercial Geography B1: General Survey.—The agricultural, industrial
and artistic production of the various nations of the world, the conditions
governing the markets, the laws of international exchange, the development
of trade relations and a summary of the history of commerce and
the shifting, with time, of trade routes.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
of electives-at-large.) Associate Professor Bardin. Omitted in 19201921.

Commercial Geography B2: Economic Geography of Latin America.
—(Will be given if as many as thirty men apply for it at registration. No
one admitted after the first term.) A general survey of the civilization, past
and present, of the republics of South and Central America and Mexico.—
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Associate Professor
Bardin.

Commercial Geography D1: A Course of Research.—Associate Professor
Bardin.

IV. Commercial Law.

Commercial Law B1: Not Open to First-Year Students.—A detailed
study of the fundamental and important, rather than the technical, principles
of those subjects of which some knowledge is necessary in ordinary
commercial transactions, including contracts, negotiable instruments,
agency, partnerships, bailments and carriers, sales of personal property, insurance.
Instruction is given in the practical drafting of business documents,
such as simple contracts, powers of attorney, articles of copartnership,


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mortgages, deeds of trust and bills of sale.—(B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Mr. Boyd.

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION.

Education B1: An Introductory Course.—First term: The school as
a governmental agency. Second term: The school as a social institution.
Third term: A survey of the psychological factors involved in Education.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professors Manahan,
Maphis
and Ferguson.

Education B2: Educational Psychology.—First term: The learning
process. Second term: General methods of teaching. Third term: Psychology
of the school subjects.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Professor Ferguson.

Education B3: Educational Sociology.—First term: Principles of applied
sociology that most concern various types of education as determined
by the needs of democratic society, modern economic life and present-day
culture. Second term: The social aim and current problems in
curricula making. Third term: Social significance of various types of
extra-school education.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
Smithey.

Education B4: History of Education.—First term: Ancient and
mediaeval periods. Second term: Modern period. Third term: Modern
educational classics.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
Ferguson.

Education B5: Educational Administration and Supervision.—First
term: State and county school organization. Second term: City school
systems. Third term: State and local school organization in Virginia.
A study of State laws.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
Manahan.

Education B6: Mental Tests.—Philosophy B3 or Education B2 prerequisite.—First
term: Tests of separate functions. Second term: Intelligence
scales. Third term: A study of selected investigations.—(B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Ferguson.

Education B7: Principles of Secondary Education.—(A course intended
primarily for students who expect to teach or to occupy some administrative
position in the high school or general educational work.)
First term: Historical development of the secondary school; its social
principles and its present tendencies. Second term: Aims and functions
of the secondary school in organized society, and its relation to elementary
and higher education. Its program of studies. Third term: Junior high
schools: Their organization, standardization and supervision.—(B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Professor Smithey.

Education B8: Hygiene and Education.—First term: Personal and
community hygiene. Second term: Characteristics, defects and hygiene
of physical development. Third term: Hygiene of school buildings;


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equipment and management.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of
electives-at-large.) Professor Smithey.

Education B9: Elementary School Administration and Supervision.
First term: Organization of the elementary school and its relation to the
high school. Second term: Duties and qualifications of elementary school
principals and teachers; the training of teachers in service. Third term:
The curriculum of the elementary school and its reorganization.—(B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Professor Manahan.

Education B10: Methods of Teaching High-School Subjects.—Unit
courses of six weeks each in methods of teaching high-school subjects
will be given by representatives of the various academic schools concerned.
These courses will be required of third-year students who are candidates
for the B.S. in Education. Each student must take the methods courses
in at least two subjects, his major and minor, which he expects to teach
in high school.—(Credit, 1 session-hour toward the B.S. in Education.)
Hours to be arranged.

Education B11: Directed Teaching: Education B10 prerequisite.—(For
candidates for the B.S. in Education and must be taken during the candidate's
fourth year.) Students will be grouped in pairs and will teach
one class each day in their major or minor subjects for 18 weeks, one student
teaching the first half of the school year and the other student teaching
the second half. The student not teaching will serve as an assistant
and critic of his associate who will in turn become an assistant and critic
when his period of teaching is completed.—(Credit, 2 session-hours toward
the B.S. in Education.) Hours to be arranged.

Education C1: Advanced Educational Psychology: Education B2 or
Philosophy B3 and one other B course in Education, prerequisite.
—First term:
Original nature. Second term: Learning. Third term: Individual differences.
Hours to be arranged. Professor Ferguson.

Education C2: Educational Surveys: State, City and County: Education
B5 or B7 and one other B course in Education, prerequisite.
—First term:
Organization, aims, scope and methods of school surveys. Second term:
A detailed study of selected school surveys. Third term: The limitations
and possibilities of educational surveys in the fields of elementary and secondary
education. Hours to be arranged. To be given in alternate years
with Education C3. Professor Manahan.

Education C3: Standard Tests in School Subjects: Education B5 or
B7 and one other B course in Education, prerequisite.
—First term: Problems
in the application of the principles of scientific management to education.
Second term: Standard tests in school subjects; their derivation and
standardization. Third term: Application of educational tests, and the
interpretation of the results. Hours to be arranged. To be given in
alternate years with Education C2. Professor Mahahan.

Education C4: Problems in Secondary Education: Education B7 or B5
and one other B course in Education, prerequisite.
—An advanced course in
secondary education. Students will be required to make original investigations


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of special problems relating to secondary education. Hours by
appointment. Professor Smithey.

Education C5: Sociology and Education: Education B3 and one other
B course in Education, prerequisite.
—First term: The family as a social
and educational institution. Second term: Social education in the public
schools. Third term: The sociology of rural life. Hours to be arranged.
Professor Smithey.

Education D1: Seminar in Educational Psychology.—Experimental
investigation of selected problems. Hours by appointment. Professor
Ferguson.

Education D2: Seminar in School Administration: Research studies
in state, city and county school organization and administration will be
made and reported for class discussion by each student. Hours by appointment.
Professor Manahan.

Education D3: Seminar in Secondary Education: Research studies
in secondary education. Each student will be given a special problem
which will be reported to the class for discussion. Hours by appointment.
Professor Smithey.

SCHOOLS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.

Every student in the Schools of English Language and Literature will
be required to own an approved English dictionary. Webster's Collegiate
Dictionary and the Students' Standard Dictionary are recommended.

Linden Kent Memorial School of English Literature.

English A1.—1. Advanced rhetoric and composition, with parallel
reading. 2 and 3. Survey of English literature, with parallel reading and
composition.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those who have not
received credit for Eng. A2 or A3.) Six sections. Associate Professor
Johnson, Mr. Huffman, and Mr. Gordon.

English A2.—1. Advanced composition with parallel reading. 2 and
3. Survey of American literature, with composition and parallel reading.
—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours for those who have not received
credit for Eng. A1 or A3.) Three sections. Mr. Huffman.

English A3: Specially recommended to students preparing for Engineering
or Law.
—1 and 2. Advanced composition with parallel reading, with
particular attention to description, exposition, and argument. 3. Survey
of English literature with composition and parallel reading.—(B.A. or B.S.
credit, 3 session-hours for those who have not received credit for Eng.
A1 or A2.) Two sections. Associate Professor Johnson and Mr. Huffman.

English Literature B1: English A1 or A2 or A3 prerequisite.—1. Shakespeare.
Several plays studied in class and twelve or fifteen others assigned
as parallel. 2. Eighteenth-century prose: Swift, Johnson, Burke;


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selections from the novelists and letter-writers. 3. Recent English narrative
prose: Kipling and the short story.—In each course considerable
parallel reading and several written reports on assigned topics will be required.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Metcalf and
Associate Professor Johnson.

English Literature B2: English A1 or A2 or A3 prerequisite.—1. Victorian
poetry: Tennyson and Browning. 2. Victorian prose: The essay
and the novel. 3. Contemporary prose and verse.—Parallel reading, term
papers.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Metcalf and
Professor Wilson.

English Literature C1: The English Drama: Any two B courses in
the Schools of English Language and Literature, prerequisite: any B course in
Group V may, however, serve as one of the prerequisites.
—1. The chief
Elizabethan dramatists (except Shakespeare). 2. Shakespeare. 3. Contemporary
dramatists. Professor Metcalf and Professor Wilson.

Only one of the following courses will be given in any one year:

English Literature D1.—The English novel from Defoe to Scott. The
English romantic poets. Hours by appointment Professor Metcalf.

English Literature D2.—Elizabethan literature (non-dramatic). Milton
and Dryden. Hours by appointment. Professor Metcalf and Professor
Wilson.

Edgar Allan Poe School of English.

English B1: American Poetry and Prose: English A1 or A2 or A3
prerequisite.
—1. American poetry, with a study of verse forms. 2. The
American essay and oration. 3. American prose narrative, with emphasis
on the short story.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Wilson
and Professor Metcalf.

English B2: The Development of English: English A1 or A2 or A3
prerequisite.
—1. Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales and other selected poems,
with a study of the origin and growth of the English language. 2.
Elizabethan English: a study of the language of several plays by Shakespeare
and his contemporaries. 3. The drama of the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
Wilson and Associate Professor Johnson.

English C1: American Literary Types: Any two B courses in the
Schools of English Language and Literature, prerequisite. Biblical Literature
B2 or History C1 may also serve as one of the prerequisites.
—1. American
lyric poetry. 2. The American novel. 3. The American drama. Professor
Wilson and Professor Metcalf.

English C2: Old English and Middle English. Prerequisites are the
same as for English C1.
—1. Old English prose. 2. Old English poetry. 3.
Middle English prose and poetry. Professor Wilson and Associate Professor
Johnson.


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Only one of the following courses will be given in any one year:

English D1.—Edgar Allan Poe. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hours by appointment.
Professor Wilson.

English D2.—Old English epic: Beowulf. Early English metrical romances.
Hours by appointment. Professor Wilson and Professor Metcalf.

CORCORAN AND ROGERS SCHOOLS OF GENERAL AND ECONOMIC
GEOLOGY.

Geology B1: General Geology.—Fundamental principles of geology,
including a general discussion of dynamical, structural, physiographical,
and historical geology, with practical work in the laboratory and excursions
in the field.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.) Two sections.
Adjunct Professor Giles and assistants.

Geology B2: Engineering Geology.—Special course for students in
engineering. Discussion of geologic principles in their application to engineering
work. Especial emphasis is given the rock-forming minerals and
rocks, building-stone and ores.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)
Professor Watson and Mr. Holt.

Geology B3: Mineralogy.—Crystallography, physical and chemical
mineralogy, and descriptive mineralogy.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 6 session-hours.)
Hours to be arranged. Professor Watson and Adjunct Professor
Giles.

Geology B4: Determinative Mineralogy.—A practical study of mineral
species by means of blow-pipe analysis, with the object of gaining familiarity
with the common minerals and facility in their identification. Six hours'
laboratory work per week, second term. Laboratory fee, $3.—(B.A. or B.S.
credit, 1 session-hour of electives-at-large.) Hours to be arranged. Mr.
Holt.

Geology B5: Meteorology and Physical Geography.—(a) Meteorology.
First term: A study of the cause and effect of atmospheric conditions, such
as changes of temperature, pressure, winds, humidity, cloud phenomena,
precipitation and storms, and their effects on aviation, etc. Weather bureaus
and their work, and weather predictions, are fully considered. Laboratory
work includes the construction and use of meteorological instruments,
the construction and interpretation of weather maps, and practical
weather forecasting. (b) Physical Geography. Second and third terms:
A general course devoted to the consideration of the origin, growth and
decay of land forms, the significance of geographic features, and the
agencies affecting changes in those features. Oceanography is treated
briefly in the latter part of the course. Laboratory work in the preparation
and interpretation of topographic maps, models, etc.—(B.A. or B.S.
credit, 6 session-hours.) Hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Giles.

Geology C1: Petrology: Geology B3 prerequisite.—(a) Physical Crystallography.
Determination of minerals and rocks in thin sections under


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the microscope. Optical and microscopical mineralogy, with especial reference
to the behavior of minerals as constituents of rock masses. (b)
Petrography. The microscopic structure, mineralogical composition,
genetic relations, and distribution of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
rocks.—Lectures and laboratory work to the amount of 12 hours a
week throughout the year, to be arranged. Professor Watson and Mr.
Holt.

Geology C2: Geology of Ore Deposits: Geology B1 prerequisite, and
Geology C1 in addition recommended.
—The origin, nature, distribution, and
uses of the metallic products, with especial reference to those of the United
States.—Lectures, collateral reading, laboratory and field work, to the
amount of 12 hours per week throughout the year. Hours to be arranged.
Professor Watson. Given in alternate years with Geology C3.

Geology C3: Geology of the Nonmetallic Minerals: Geology B1 prerequisite,
and Geology C1 in addition recommended.
—The origin, nature, distribution,
and uses of the nonmetallic products, with especial reference to
those of the United States.—Lectures, collateral reading, laboratory and
field work, to the amount of 12 hours per week throughout the year, to
be arranged. Professor Watson. Given in alternate years with Geology
C2.

Geology C4: Geological Field Methods: Geology B1 prerequisite, and
Geology C1 in addition recommended.
—Special course for students in geology
and engineering, designed to familiarize the student with the methods
employed and the instruments used in making topographic and geologic
maps. The structural relationships of rocks and the proper cartographic
representation of these occurrences in nature are especially emphasized.
Lectures and field work.—Hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Giles
and Mr. Holt.

Geology C5: Structural Geology: Geology B1 or B2, and Geology B3,
prerequisite, and Geology C2 and C4 in addition recommended.
—The causes,
manifestations, and recognition of the evidence of various types of earth
movements, and of the relation of topography to structure. Special emphasis
is given the regional and structural geology of the Atlantic States.
Lectures, collateral reading, preparation of papers, laboratory and field
work.—Hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor Giles. Given in alternate
years with Geology C6.

Geology C6: Invertebrate Paleontology: Geology B1 and one elementary
course in zoölogy, prerequisite.
—Invertebrate fossils, their identification,
classification, and geologic and geographic distribution. The application of
fossils to stratigraphic and other geologic investigations will receive constant
emphasis. The student will be required to make collections in the
field and to prepare, identify, and classify the material.—Lectures, collateral
reading, laboratory and field work.—Hours to be arranged. Adjunct Professor
Giles. Given in alternate years with Geology C5.

Geology D1: Advanced Geology: Geology B1 and B3 prerequisite.—A
thorough treatment of the broader problems of the science, involving the


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knowledge of stratigraphical principles, as a preparation for independent research.
Stress will be laid upon field work, and the student will be required
to work up some particular region or formation, and report his results.
Topics involving a knowledge of the literature and growth of opinion in
relation to particular questions are assigned.—Hours by appointment. Professor
Watson and Adjunct Professor Giles.

Geology D2: Advanced Mineralogy and Petrography: Geology C2 and
C3 prerequisite.
—Adapted to the needs of the individual student. Properly
qualified students may pursue work directed along the line of crystallography
(crystal measurements and drawings, and crystal optics), chemical
mineralogy (mineral or rock analysis), or petrographic research.—Hours
by appointment. Professor Watson.

Geology D3: Advanced Economic Geology: Geology C2 and C3 prerequisite.—Special
topics in mining geology for advanced students, selected
according to the needs of the individual student. Lectures, laboratory and
field work, reading, reports and theses.—Hours by appointment. Professor
Watson.

Geology D4: Economic Geology of the Southern Appalachians: Geology
C2 and C3 prerequisite.
—Detailed study of the mining geology of the
region, especially that of Virginia. Excursions to various parts of the
region will be taken and individual reports required. Original investigation
of an assigned area, based upon field work, is required of each student.—
Hours by appointment. Professor Watson.

Geological Seminary: Review and discussion of the more important
current geological literature, and the preparation of papers on special subjects
based on field and library investigations. All instructors and advanced
students in geology are expected to take part in the discussions at these
meetings. Time to be arranged.

The Lewis Brooks Museum contains collections illustrating the main
subdivisions of natural history. Each of the collections is arranged so as to
exemplify the principles of the science, and at the same time offers a large
variety of subjects for advanced study. In geology the specimens show
all the different kinds of rocks, classified according to mineral character
and the formation in which they occur; the collections of fossils, plaster
casts, maps, etc., is exceptionally fine, and fully illustrates historical geology.
In mineralogy the principles of the science are made plain by
well-chosen suits of specimens, models of crystals, etc. The general collection
of minerals contains all the important species, and many of the
rarer ones, in good specimens. In addition to the above, a beginning
has been made of a collection to illustrate the geology and mineralogy of
the State of Virginia, and this is being increased as rapidly as possible.

SCHOOL OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES.

German A1.—For students who are not prepared to enter German B1.
Elementary grammar, composition, reading and conversation.—(B.A. or


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B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large for those who have not
offered German for entrance.) Six hours a week. Professor Faulkner.

German B1: German A1 or the equivalent, prerequisite.—Reading of
about eight hundred pages of modern German prose, illustrative of German
life and thought since 1870-71, with grammatical and conversational
exercises, and composition work in free reproduction, based on the texts
read in class.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Faulkner.

German B2: German B1 prerequisite.—First term: German lyric and
ballad poetry, with reading in class of ballads and lyrics of Goethe, Schiller,
Uhland, and Heine, and assigned parallel reading out of class of the
poems in Von Klenze's Deutsche Gedichte. Second term: Goethe's Faust,
Part I. Third term: Goethe's Faust, Part II.—History of German literature,
once a week, first and second terms. Advanced German composition
once a week.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
Faulkner.

German C1: German B1 and B2 prerequisite.—Conducted in German.
First term: Die Tragödie der Klassiker; Seminar: Schillers Wallenstein.
Second term: Der deutsche Roman, 1795-1870. Third term: Seminar:
Goethes Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre; Kellers Der Grüne Heinrich. Professor
Faulkner. Given in alternate years with German C2. Given in
1918-1919.

German C2: German B1 and B2 prerequisite.—First term (conducted in
English): Historical grammar, with selected readings in specimens of
early New High German prose and poetry. Second and third terms (conducted
in German): Goethes Jugend: Gedichte bis 1775; die Leiden des
jungen Werthers; Götz von Berlichingen; Dichtung und Wahrheit. Seminar:
Goethes Faust, I. und II. Teil. Professor Faulkner. Given in
alternate years with German C1.

The following courses are open only to candidates for a doctor's degree
in one of the Schools of English, English Literature, Latin, Greek,
Romanic or Germanic Languages, who have already completed not less
than one year of graduate work as candidates for that degree. Only one
course will be given in any one session. German C1 or C2 prerequisite.
Three hours a week, by appointment. Professor Faulkner.

German D1.—Gothic and Old High German.

German D2.—Middle High German, with readings in the Nibelungenlied.

German D3.—Middle High German, with readings in Walther von
der Vogelweide.

SCHOOL OF GREEK.

Greek A1.—For beginners. Elementary grammar and composition;
Xenophon, Anabasis I.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of electives-at-large
for those who have not offered Greek for entrance or received
credit for Greek A2.) Five hours a week. Adjunct Professor McLemore. |


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Greek A2: Greek A of the entrance requirements, prerequisite.—Given
upon evidence of sufficient demand. Xenophon, Anabasis II-III; New Testament,
selections; grammar and composition.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours
of electives-at-large for those who have not offered for entrance
Greek B or C of the entrance requirements, or received credit for Greek A1.)
Professor Webb.

Greek A3: Greek A1 or A2, or Greek A and B of the entrance requirements,
prerequisite.
—Lysias, selected orations; Plato, Apology and Crito; Herodotus
VII. Grammatical review.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Professor Webb.

Greek B1: Greek A3 prerequisite.—Homer, Odyssey I-IV; Euripides,
Iphigenia in Tauris and Medea; Aristophanes, Clouds.—(B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Professor Webb.

Greek B2: Greek B1 prerequisite.—Demosthenes, On the Crown; Lyric
Poets, selections; Aristophanes, Knights; Sophocles, Antigone and Oedipus
Tyrannus.
—(B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Webb.

Greek C1: Greek B2 prerequisite.—Thucydides II; Aristophanes,
Acharnians and Frogs; Euripides, Bacchae; Sophocles, Agamemnon; Aeschylus,
Prometheus; Theocritus, selections.—Hours to be arranged. Professor
Webb.

Only one of the following courses will be given in any one session.
Greek C1 prerequisite. Hours by appointment. Professor Webb.

Greek D1.—Sophocles.

Greek D2.—Aristophanes.

Greek D3.—Greek epigraphy, palaeography, and text-criticism.

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF HISTORY.

History B1: General History to the Close of the Middle Age.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Dabney.

History B2: Modern History to the Outbreak of the World War.
(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Dabney.

History C1: History of the United States: History B1 and B2 prerequisite.
Professor Dabney.

Only one of the following courses will be given in any one session.

History D1: History B1 and B2 prerequisite.—Intellectual, moral, religious
and social development of Europe.—Hours by appointment. Professor
Dabney.

History D2: History B1, B2 and C1 prerequisite.—History of the Reconstruction
of the Southern States.—Hours by appointment. Professor
Dabney.

SCHOOL OF LATIN.

Latin A1: Latin A, B, C, and D, of the entrance requirements, prerequisite.—General
grammar, with oral and written exercises. Sallust, Jugurthine


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War and Conspiracy of Catiline; Virgil, Æneid VII-XII; Ovid, Metamorphoses
XIII-XIV;
Cicero, Friendship and Old Age, Tusculan Disputations and
Dream of Scipio. The geography, history, and private and public life of the
Romans.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Two sections. Professor
FitzHugh, Adjunct Professor McLemore, Mr. Waddell.

Latin B1: Latin A1 prerequisite.—General grammar, with oral and written
exercises. Livy I-II; Tacitus, Agricola; Catullus, Odes; the elegiac
poets; Cicero, De Officiis; Seneca, Moral Essays. The religion and mythology
of the Romans.—(B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor FitzHugh
and Adjunct Professor McLemore.

Latin B2: Latin A1 prerequisite.—General grammar, with oral and written
exercises. Livy XXI-XXII; Tacitus, Germania; Horace, Odes; Virgil,
Bucolics and Georgics; Cicero, De Claris Oratoribus; Quintilian, Training of
the Orator.
The art of the Romans.—B.A. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor
FitzHugh and Mr. Lehman.

Latin C1: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite.—History of the Latin language,
with oral and written exercises. Tacitus, Annals; Cicero, Letters;
Plautus, Captivi; Terence, Phormio; Horace, Satires and Epistles; Cicero,
De Oratore and Orator; Tacitus, Dialogus de Oratoribus. The literary life
of the Romans. Professor FitzHugh and Adjunct Professor McLemore.

Latin C2: Latin B1 and B2 prerequisite.—History of the Latin language,
with oral and written exercises. Tacitus, Histories; Pliny, Letters;
Plautus, Mostellaria; Terence, Andria; Juvenal, Satires; Lucretius, De Rerum
Natura;
Cicero, De Natura Deorum. The philosophic life of the Romans.
Professor FitzHugh and Adjunct Professor McLemore.

Latin D: Latin C1 or C2 prerequisite.—A three-year course for those
who desire to specialize in classical philology, especially those who choose
Latin as their major for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. If the candidate's
major be Latin, a respectable familiarity with Greek is required.
If the candidate's major be Romanic, the technical Greek requirement is
waived as far as practically possible, and he is guided into the history of
the Roman popular vernacular and into an acquaintance with the authors
illustrating the Vulgar Latin in literature. It is the aim of this course to
prepare the candidate to investigate independently the sources of our
knowledge of the language, monuments (literary and objective), and life
of the Romans. The following is, therefore, an outline of the course: I.
In Language: Elements of comparative grammar; introduction to Latin
historical grammar; systematic grammar; reading of epigraphic and literary
monuments illustrating the history of the Latin Language. II. In
the Literary and Objective Monuments of the Romans: Reading of authors
in groups systematically planned to illustrate the literary life of
the Romans; history and interpretation of texts; elements of palaeography,
epigraphy, numismatics, topography and remains. III. In Roman
Life: Constructive study of Roman culture-history; reading of authors
illustrating the development of Roman civilization; study of modern authorities
in Roman culture-history.—Hours by appointment. Professor
FitzHugh, Adjunct Professor McLemore.


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SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS.

Mathematics A1: Mathematics A1, A2 and B, of the entrance requirements,
prerequisite.
—First term: Trigonometry. Second term: Solid geometry.
Third term: College algebra.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Four sections. Associate Professor Luck, Mr. Linfield, Mr. Painter, Mr.
Henderson, Mr. Livesay.

Mathematics A2: Mathematics C of the entrance requirements, and
Mathematics A1, first term, prerequisite.
—Second and third terms: Analytical
geometry with related topics of college algebra.—(With the first term
of Mathematics A1, B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Hours to be
arranged. Associate Professor Luck.

Mathematics B1: Mathematics A1 prerequisite.—Analytical geometry of
two dimensions.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Professor Page.

Mathematics B2: Mathematics A2 or B1 prerequisite.—A preliminary
study of the differential and integral calculus.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3
session-hours.) Professor Echols.

Mathematics B3: Mathematics B2 prerequisite.—A preliminary study
of mathematical analysis. (B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Not offered
in 1920-21.

Mathematics C1: Mathematics B1 and B2 or Mathematics B2 and B3
prerequisite.
—Analytical geometry of three dimensions; advanced differential
and integral calculus; differential equations. Professor Echols.

Mathematics D1: Mathematics C1 prerequisite.—Differential geometry.
—Hours by appointment. Professor Page.

Mathematics D2: Mathematics C1 prerequisite.—Ordinary and partial
differential equations.—Hours by appointment. Professor Page.

Mathematics D3: Mathematics C1 prerequisite.—Theory of functions.
Mathematical analysis for advanced students. Professor Echols.

SCHOOL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS.

Applied Mathematics B1: Mathematics B2 and Physics B1 prerequisite.
—First term: Theoretical mechanics. Second term: Strength of materials.
Third term: Hydrostatics and hydraulics.—(B.A. or B.S. credit,
3 session-hours of electives-at-large.) Professor Thornton.

Applied Mathematics C1: Applied Mathematics B1 prerequisite.—First
term: Mechanics of machines. Second term: Stability of structures.
Third term: Hydraulic motors and pumps. Professor Thornton.

For more advanced courses in theoretical mechanics, refer to the
School of Physics.

CORCORAN SCHOOL OF PHILOSOPHY.

Students are advised not to undertake the work of this School before
their second session in the College.

Philosophy B1: Logic.—First term: Deductive logic. Second term:


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Inductive logic. Special attention is directed to the analysis of logical arguments
and to the detection of fallacies in reasoning. Third term: A critical
exposition of different theories of knowledge.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Two sections. Professor Lefevre and Associate Professor
Balz.

Philosophy B2: Ethics.—The course deals with the general development
and the different types of theories of morality, and is intended to aid
the student in reaching a constructive result.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Professor Lefevre.

Philosophy B3: General Psychology.—A general survey of the main
problems, principles and methods of psychology, either as part of a liberal
education or as preparation for professional study in education, medicine,
or law.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate Professor Balz.

Philosophy B4: History of Morals: Open to students who have taken or
are taking Philosophy B2.
—A descriptive and genetic study of moral ideas
and practices at different stages of society and in different civilizations, with
a view to showing the progressive character of morality and its present
social significance.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate Professor
Balz.

Philosophy C1: The History of Philosophy: Two of the following
courses prerequisite: Philosophy B1, B2, B3, B4.
—The lectures trace the development
of philosophical thought from the early Greeks to the middle
of the nineteenth century. The endeavor is made to present the various
philosophical systems in their relation to the civilization of the age to
which they belong, and to estimate their social and political significance.
—Professor Lefevre.

Philosophy C2: Psychology: Two of the following courses prerequisite:
Philosophy B1, B2, B3, B4.
—First term: Analysis of human nature.
Second and third terms: The chief features of social order and organization,
with critical discussion of current social theories.—Associate Professor
Balz.

Philosophy C3: Recent Philosophical Tendencies: Open to students
who have taken or are taking Philosophy C1.
—First term: A discussion of
the chief philosophical problems as an introduction to the work of the
succeeding terms. Second and third terms: Critical study of the works
of a number of philosophers representing current movements.—Hours to
be arranged. Associate Professor Balz.

Only one of the following courses will be given in the session 19201921.

Philosophy D1: Admission on approval of the professors in charge.
Empiricism and rationalism. The empirical movement as represented by
Locke, Berkeley, and Hume, and the rationalistic movement as represented
by Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz, are studied with reference to their
distinctive methods.—Hours by appointment. Professor Lefevre and Associate
Professor Balz.


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Philosophy D2: Admission on approval of the professors in charge.—The
critical philosophy of Kant. A study of the Critique of Pure Reason, of the
Critique of Practical Reason, and of the Critique of Judgment. Special
attention is given to Kant's relation to previous philosophical systems, to
the development of his own philosophy, and to the interrelation of the
three Critiques.—Hours by appointment. Professor Lefevre and Associate
Professor Balz.

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL TRAINING.

Physical Training B1: A student who elects this course must take it, either
wholly or in part, during his first year, and complete it by the end of his
second year.
—Lectures and physical exercises. The lectures treat of the
gross anatomy of the body, the physical functions and mechanism of important
organs, the nutritious growth and development of the body, its
maintenance and care, including the prevention of disease, and the problems
of community hygiene. The exercises consist of indoor work in the
gymnasium and of outdoor work. The latter is made of those sports and
games which are under the general control of the Faculty Committee on
Athletics, and such other activities as the faculty shall in future direct and
for which adequate supervision shall be provided. As rapidly as facilities
increase, further work will be offered for those interested, and particular
attention will be given to those who wish to prepare themselves to be
teachers of physical education.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours of
electives-at-large.) One lecture and six hours of physical exercises per
week. Hours to be arranged.

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS.

A laboratory fee of $15 is charged for Physics B1, C1, C2.

Physics B1: General Physics: A knowledge of solid geometry and of
the trigonometry of the right triangle, prerequisite.
—The elements of mechanics,
sounds, heat, electricity and magnetism, and light. The classroom
instruction is given by textbooks, recitations, problems, and experimental
demonstrations. In the laboratory each student performs
experiments upon which written reports are required.—(B.A. or B.S.
credit, 6 session-hours.) Two lecture sections, three laboratory sections.
Professor Hoxton, Associate Professor Sparrow and assistants.

Physics C1: Mechanics, Sound and Light: Physics B1 and Mathematics
B1 prerequisite.
—Hours to be arranged. Associate Professor Sparrow.

Physics C2: Electricity and Heat: Physics B1 and Mathematics B1.
Electricity is given during the first half year, heat during the second.—
Laboratory, 4 to 6 hours per week. Professor Hoxton.

The following courses vary from year to year, ranging over the more
important fields of Physics in a cycle of about three years. Physics C2 and
Mathematics C1 constitute a sufficient preparation for all these courses,
and at least one of these will be necessary. For students not fully prepared


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in both mathematics and physics a conference with the professor
will be necessary to determine which courses can be undertaken with profit.
Hours by appointment.

Physics D1: Theory of the Potential and Allied Topics.—Deals with
those branches of mathematical physics which depend on the solution of
partial differential equations. Associate Professor Sparrow.

Physics D2: Advanced Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory of Gases:
The mathematical theory and an account of the state of experimental
knowledge of the subject. Professor Hoxton.

Physics D3: Dynamics: A general course in dynamics, including
hydrodynamics and the theory of elasticity. Associate Professor Sparrow.

Physics D4: Conduction of Electricity through Gases: Chiefly the experimental
side of the subject.—Hours by appointment. Professor Hoxton.
Associate Professor Sparrow.

Physics D5: Theory of Electrons, Electromagnetic Theory of Light:
The mathematical theory and an account of the state of experimental
knowledge of the subject. Associate Professor Sparrow.

Physics D6: Introduction to Mathematical Physics.—A brief treatment
of the topics of attraction, hydrodynamics, Fourier series and conduction
of heat, wave motion and electromagnetic theory. Professor
Hoxton. Given in 1918-19.

Journal Meeting.—The faculty and advanced students in physics and
astronomy meet once a week for the presentation and discussion of current
research. The students, as well as the professors, take an active part
in the presentation of these reports.

The Rouss Physical Laboratory is a commodious building, characterized
throughout by structural stability. The rooms are abundantly lighted,
while some may be darkened for optical experiments. There is a general
distribution of water and all the rooms are supplied with gas and electricity.
The equipment includes an exceptionally complete collection of demonstration
apparatus, and a good stock of apparatus for elementary laboratory
instruction. In addition to this, there is a special line of electrical and
optical instruments, a 21½-foot concave grating with Rowland mounting,
photographic dark room, liquid air plant and storage battery, and an instrument
shop for the repair and construction of physical instruments.
For advanced work in some lines, the facilities offered are excellent.

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC SPEAKING.

Public Speaking B1: English A1, A2, or A3 prerequisite.—Writing and
delivery of speeches on topics of the day; extemporaneous and impromptu
speaking.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Six hours a week.
Two sections. Professor Paul.


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SCHOOL OF ROMANIC LANGUAGES.

I. French.

French 1: For beginners. Pronunciation, forms, translation, composition.
Practice in spoken French.—(No credit value for any degree.)
Seven sections. Associate Professor Graham, Adjunct Professor Abbot,
Mr. Lehman, Mr. Ball.

French B1: French 1, or French A and B of the entrance requirements,
prerequisite.
—Dictation, composition, conversation. Section A, General;
Section B, Short Story; Section C, Novel; Section D, Drama.—(B.A. or
B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Associate Professor Graham, Adjunct Professor
Abbot.

French B2: French B1 prerequisite.—Conducted in French. The short
story.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Two sections. Professor
Wilson.

French C1: French B1, and one other B course in the School of Romanic
Languages, prerequisite.
—Conducted in French. The novel. Professor
Wilson.

The Little French Theater: Six plays are staged by students of the
current French classes during the session.—(No credit value.) Adjunct
Professor Abbot, Mr. de Grouchy.

II. Italian.

Italian B1: French B1, Spanish B1, Latin B1 or B2, or Greek B1, prerequisite.—Modern
Italian.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Adjunct
Professor Abbot.

III. Portuguese.

Portuguese B1: French B1, Spanish B1, Latin B1 or B2, Greek B1, or
Italian B1, prerequisite.
—Modern Portuguese.—(B.A. or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.)
Mr. Smith.

IV. Spanish.

Spanish 1.—For beginners. Pronunciation, forms, translation, composition.
Practice in spoken Spanish.—(No credit value for any degree.)
Four sections. Mr. Knight, Mr. Smith.

Spanish B1: Spanish 1, or Spanish A and B of the entrance requirements,
prerequisite.
—Dictation, composition, syntax, translation.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours.) Two sections. Associate Professor
Bardin.

Spanish B2: Spanish B1 prerequisite.—Conducted in Spanish.—(B.A.
or B.S. credit, 3 session-hours). Associate Professor Bardin.

 
[1]

Resigned November 15, 1919.