 | The University of Virginia record March 1, 1917 |  |
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING.
Edwin Anderson Alderman, Ph.B., D.C.L., L.L.D.
President.
William Mynn Thornton, B.A., LL.D.
Dean.
| Francis Henry Smith, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D. | West Lawn |
| Emeritus Professor of Natural Philosophy. | |
| William Mynn Thornton, B.A., LL.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Applied Mathematics. | |
| Francis Perry Dunnington, B.S., C.E., M.E. | University Heights |
| Professor of Analytical and Industrial Chemistry. | |
| William Holding Echols, B.S., C.E. | East Lawn |
| Professor of Pure Mathematics. | |
| James Morris Page, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D. | McCormick Road |
| Professor of Pure Mathematics. | |
| Thomas Leonard Watson, M.S., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Corcoran Professor of Geology. | |
| Robert Montgomery Bird, B.A., B.S., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Collegiate Professor of Chemistry. | |
| John Lloyd Newcomb, B.A., C.E. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Civil Engineering. | |
| Charles Hancock, B.S. | University Place |
| Professor of Mechanical Engineering. | |
| Llewellyn Griffith Hoxton, B.S., M.A., Ph.D. | Fry's Spring |
| Professor of Physics. | |
| Graham Edgar, B.S., Ph.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Associate Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Walter Sheldon Rodman, M.S. | University Place |
| Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering. | |
| Carroll Mason Sparrow, B.A., Ph.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Adjunct Professor of Physics. | |
| Jared Stout Lapham, M.E. | Chancellor Street |
| Adjunct Professor of Experimental Engineering. | |
| John Jennings Luck, M.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Pure Mathematics. | |
| Lyde Stuart Pratt, B.A., Ph.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Eugene Price Brown, M.S. | Analytical Chemistry |
| Stuart Grayson Garrett, M.S. | Geology |
| Edward Tankard Browne, B.A. | Mathematics |
| Harry Hamilton Gaver, M.A. | Mathematics |
| Fred Walter Stout, B.A. | Mathematics |
| Thomas Fauntleroy Ball, B.S. | Physics |
| Carter Standard Cole, II | Physics |
| Robert Battaile Hiden | Physics |
| William Latta Law, Jr., B.S. | Chemistry |
| Nicholas Ewing Oglesby, B.A. | Chemistry |
| Judson Hall Robertson | Chemistry |
| Stephen Patrick McGroarty, | Civil Engineering |
| Edward Watts Saunders, Jr. | Civil Engineering |
| John Hartwell Moore | Electrical Engineering |
| Paul Frank Brown | Experimental Engineering |
| Charles Henderson | Engineering Drawing |
| John Kevan Peebles, Jr. | Engineering Drawing |
| James Ewell Brown Stuart, Jr. | Engineering Drawing |
| Alfred Sheldon Wise | Wood Shop |
| Harold Lawson MacCarter | Machine Shop |
| B. Van Cortright Mekeel | Tool Room |
ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS.
For admission to the Freshman Class in the Department of Engineering
the candidate must be at least sixteen years old. He must present a certificate
of honorable withdrawal from the school last attended, or other
valid proof of general good character. He must further satisfy the Dean of
the University as to his adequate preparation for the work by passing the
Entrance Examinations specified below or by the presentation of equivalent
certificates of preparation signed by the President of a recognized institution
of collegiate rank, or by the Principal of an accredited high school.
The topics required for entrance and their values in units are as follows,
the unit being one year's work on the subject in an accredited high school;
| English A.—Grammar and Grammatical Analysis | 1 |
| English B.—Composition and Rhetoric | 1 |
| English C.—Critical Study of Specimens of Literature | 1 |
| Mathematics A1.—Algebra to Quadratics | 1 |
| Mathematics A2.—Quadratics, Progressions, Binomial Formula | 1 |
| Mathematics B.—Plane Geometry | 1 |
| Mathematics C.—Solid Geometry | ½ |
| Mathematics D.—Plane Trigonometry | ½ |
| History.—Ancient; Mediæval; English; American; (any one) | 1 |
| Electives | 7 |
| Total | 15 |
High school students who expect to study Engineering are advised to
include among their electives Physical Geography, Chemistry, Physics, Mechanical
Drawing, and Shop-work (valued at one unit each). Other electives
which may be offered are History of English and American Literature
(1 unit), History (4 units), Latin (4 units), Greek (3 units), German (4
units), French (4 units), Spanish (4 units), Botany (half unit), Zoölogy
(half unit).
A candidate may be admitted as a Conditioned Student in spite of some
deficiencies, provided these are not such as will impair the integrity of his
work. But no such candidate will be conditioned except upon subjects
actually taught in this university, nor will any candidate be conditioned on
more than two units; and all conditions must be absolved before the beginning
of the next session after initial registration. Courses taken for the
removal of entrance conditions may in no case be counted as part of the
work credited for any degree. No conditions will be allowed in English A,
or B, or in Mathematics A1, A2, or B.
A candidate may be admitted as a Special Student, without formal examination,
provided he is more than twenty years old, and gives evidence
of serious purpose and of fitness to pursue with profit the courses for which
he is registered. No special student may be a candidate for any degree.
No conditioned student may register later as a special student.
PROGRAMS OF STUDY.
The candidate who has satisfied the requirements for entrance as above
defined is matriculated as a student of Engineering and admitted to the
Freshman Class. The studies of this class comprise lecture-courses in
Mathematics, Chemistry and Engineering, with associated laboratory
courses in Chemistry, Drawing, Shop-work and Field-work.
For advancement to the Sophomore Class the student must have completed
at least two-thirds of his Freshman work. Upon entering this class
he elects his specialty. The courses thereafter diverge according as the
student is an applicant for a degree in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical,
or Mining Engineering. Programs of study for each degree are given
below.
The courses are so ordered that the specified entrance requirements are
adequate for the work of the Freshman Year. Each succeeding year presupposes
the completion of the work for all the foregoing years. Students
are advised to adhere strictly to the regular programs. The arrangements
specified in them have been carefully planned and are the best. Departures
from the curriculum will in almost every case produce conflicts in lecture
hours or laboratory periods and may cost the student a year's time. Haphazard
election is discouraged and in extreme cases will be prohibited. No
student will be registered for a course unless, in the opinion both of the
Dean and of the professor, his preliminary training has fitted him for the
profitable pursuit of that course.
Students are especially advised against the attempt to crowd too many
studies into their scheme of work, and are warned that admission to advanced
courses will be granted only to those who have adequate mathematical
and scientific training to profit by them. Men overloaded with
work, too great in volume or in difficulty for their powers, suffer inevitable
discouragement and incur almost certain failure.
Changes of classes with transfer of fees may be made, subject to the approval
of the Dean, within two weeks after the beginning of any term.
Thereafter such changes may be made only by special order of the faculty,
and then without transfer of fees.
Every candidate for a degree in Engineering will be required at the beginning
of his graduating year to submit to the Dean some subject for independent
study suited to the student's especial course and aims. After such
subject has been approved by the Dean and the professor in charge, the
student will be expected to carry out for himself the necessary literary and
laboratory researches and to present his results in the form of a Graduating
Thesis. Such thesis must be typewritten on standard sheets, 8 by 10½
inches, bound in a durable stiff cover, and handed in for final approval not
later than May 25. All necessary computations and drawings must accompany
the thesis. Serious weight will be given to this work in estimating
the student's fitness for graduation.
Upon the completion of the four years' course as defined in any one
of the Programs of Study and the presentation of an acceptable graduating
standing the appropriate degree of Civil Engineer, Mechanical Engineer,
Electrical Engineer, Chemical Engineer, or Mining Engineer.
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.
The Subjects of Instruction in Engineering are grouped into nine
classes, each designated by a distinctive number for each term, the lecture
and laboratory courses being likewise differentiated. This grouping follows
the arrangement shown below:
| Mathematics | 100 to 199 |
| Physics | 200 to 299 |
| Chemistry | 300 to 399 |
| Geology and Mining | 400 to 499 |
| Mechanics | 500 to 599 |
| Drawing and Shop-work | 600 to 699 |
| Civil Engineering | 700 to 799 |
| Mechanical Engineering | 800 to 899 |
| Electrical Engineering | 900 to 999 |
Lecture courses are listed in the first fifty numbers of all classes; laboratory
or practice courses are listed in the second fifty numbers of all
classes. The same numbers are used in all schedules of lecture hours,
laboratory periods and examination days.
MATHEMATICS.
Freshman Mathematics. [Page and Luck.]
9-10, M. W. F.
100. Trigonometry.
A complete course in plane and spherical trigonometry is pursued with
constant drill in the solution of problems, and exercises in the use of
logarithms. (Fall.)
101. College Algebra.
The work begins with the progressions and proceeds with the study
of the binomial formula, of the convergence and divergence of series, and
of the binomial, exponential and logarithmic series. The study of inequalities
and determinants prepares for the theory of equations, with which
the course is closed. (Winter.)
102. Analytical Geometry.
In this elementary course the study of Cartesian and polar coördinates
is followed by numerous exercises on the graphical representation of equations.
Special attention is given to the straight line and the representation
of the general equation of the first degree in two variables. The course
is intended to prepare for the fuller study of the analytical geometry of
the conic sections. (Spring.)
Sophomore Mathematics. [Echols.]
12-1, M. W. F.
103. Conic Sections.
This course in analytical geometry reviews the topics of Course 102
and completes the study of the conic in its particular and general forms.
A brief examination of curves referred to polar coördinates is then followed
by the special study of a number of classical curves. (Fall.)
104. Differential Calculus.
The differential calculus is expounded and illustrated by exercises in
the expansion of functions, evaluation of indeterminate forms and problems
of maximum and minimum for functions of one variable. The method
is then applied to the geometry of curves, tangencies, curvature, envelopes
and curve tracing. (Winter.)
105. Integral Calculus.
The integral calculus is taken up; the integral is defined, and exercises
in elementary integration prepare for the application to numerous
problems in lengths, areas and volumes. When time permits a brief introduction
to ordinary differential equations will be given. (Spring.)
PHYSICS.
200-201-202. General Physics. [Hoxton.]
11-12, T. Th. S.
The elements of mechanics, sound, heat, electricity and magnetism,
and light. Instruction is given by lectures, text-books, recitations, and
problems, with experimental demonstrations. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
203-204. Electricity and Magnetism. [Hoxton.]
3 hours a week.
The elements of the mathematical theory and an introduction to modern
ideas of electricity are given. (Fall and Winter.)
250-251-252. General Physics Laboratory. [Sparrow and Assistants.]
9-11; 12-2; or 3-5, M. W. F.
This course accompanies 200-1-2. Emphasis is laid upon fundamental
principles and the phenomena which underlie engineering problems. Written
reports of laboratory work are required. Problem work and oral recitation
on Friday. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
253-254. Electricity and Magnetism Laboratory. [Hoxton.]
3-5, T. Th.
This course accompanies 203-4. Emphasis is laid upon methods of
standardizing and experimental studies in the behavior and underlying principles
of measuring instruments and other electric apparatus. (Fall and
Winter.)
CHEMISTRY.
300-301-302. General Chemistry. [Bird.]
10-11, T. Th. S.
The fundamental principles and phenomena of inorganic, organic and
physical chemistry are discussed, and the foundations of analytical chemistry
are dealt with at appropriate places. The time is mainly devoted to
inorganic phenomena. No previous study of chemistry is demanded. (Fall,
Winter, Spring.)
309-310-311. Organic Chemistry. [Edgar and Pratt.]
9-10, M. W. F.
This course is intended to serve as an introduction to the general subject
of organic chemistry, including chemical synthesis and the theories
of molecular structure, as applied to the compounds of carbon. General
Chemistry prerequisite. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
330-331-332. Analytical Chemistry B. [Dunnington.]
10-11, T. Th. S.
First term: Chemical manipulation and blowpipe analysis. Second
term: Inorganic qualitative analysis of ores of lead, gold and silver.
Third term: Practice in the analysis of salts, alloys and ores, and the
examination of potable water, coal, limestone, clay and so on, including simple
quantitative determinations. Weekly written exercises are required.
(Fall, Winter, Spring.)
333-334-335. Analytical Chemistry C. [Dunnington.]
10-11, M. W. F.
After some training in manipulation and gravimetric estimations, the
class pursues volumetric estimations and a full course in quantitative
analysis of minerals, ores, coal, soil, iron and steel, technical products, and
so on. Weekly written exercises are required. As the student advances in
the course he is encouraged to undertake original research and assist in its
prosecution. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
336-337-338. Industrial Chemistry. [Dunnington.]
3-4:30, M. W. F.
Fall term: Metallurgy and uses of iron, steel, copper and all the other
important metals; manufacture of pottery, brick, lime, cement and explosives.
Winter term: Manufacture of acids, alkalies, salts, fertilizers
and glass; preparation of foods and waters. Spring term: Preparation of
corn products and flavorings; chemistry of dyeing, tanning, rubber, paints,
disinfectants, lighting, heating and refrigeration. Weekly exercises in
chemical computations are required.
303-304-305. Physical Chemistry. [Edgar.]
11-12, M. W. F.
The calculus is required, and previous training in physics is desirable.
This course will include work upon such topics as the gas laws, the kinetic
theory of gases, the properties of dilute solutions, osmotic pressure, the
determination of molecular weights, mass action, reaction velocity and
equilibrium, electrolysis and electrolytic dissociation, the phase rule, etc.
General Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry prerequisite. (Fall, Winter,
Spring.)
Laboratory Courses.
350-351-352. General Chemistry. [Bird and Instructors.]
12-2, T. Th. S.
359-360-361. Organic Chemistry. [Edgar and Pratt.]
2-4, M. W. F.
380-381-382. Analytical Chemistry. [Dunnington and Instructor.]
9-10 and 12-2 T. Th. S.
383-384-385 Advanced Analytical Chemistry. [Dunnington and Instructor.]
12 hours a week.
353-354-355. Physical Chemistry. [Edgar.]
9 hours a week.
The Chemical Journal Club meets every other Thursday from 11 a. m.
to 12 m., for the critical review and discussion of various topics of interest
in progress in the university.
Advanced courses are given in Organic Chemistry (C2), and in Inorganic
Chemistry (D1). These courses are described in the General Catalogue,
and are recommended to all students of Chemical Engineering who
desire to prepare for the prosecution of research work.
GEOLOGY AND MINING.
400-401-402. Engineering Geology. [Watson.]
1-2, M. T. W.
A course of three lectures a week and three hours for private study.
Special emphasis is given to the study of common rock-forming minerals
and rocks, building stones and ores. The divisions of dynamical, structural
and physiographical geology are covered in considerable detail, and
the practical applications of the topics treated to engineering work are
pointed out. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
403-404-405. Economic Geology. [Watson.]
12-1, M. T. W.
This course is designed to give a general but comprehensive account
of the origin, nature, distribution and uses of the metallic and non-metallic
products of the earth with especial reference to those of the United States.
Lectures and collateral reading six hours a week. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
406-407. Petrography. [Watson.]
This course aims to give a full knowledge of the determination of the
common rock-forming minerals and rocks in thin sections under the microscope.
It includes discussion of the microscopic structure, mineralogical
composition, genetic relations, and distribution of igneous, sedimentary,
and metamorphic rocks. Lectures and preparation to the amount of nine
hours per week. (Winter, Spring.)
420-421-422. Mining. [Thornton.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Mine surveying, exploitation of mines, mining machinery and the uses
of electricity in mining. (Fall, Winter, Spring.)
Laboratory Courses.
450-451-542. Engineering Geology. [Garrett.]
6 hours a week.
453-454-455. Economic Geology. [Watson.]
6 hours a week.
45x-456-457. Petrography. [Garrett.]
9 hours a week.
MECHANICS.
Freshman and Sophomore Mathematics and General Physics are prerequisite.
Free use is made of analytical geometry and the calculus; unprepared
students will not be registered for these courses.
Theoretical Mechanics. [Thornton.]
10-11, M. W. F.
500. Statics and Elementary Dynamics.
Fundamental dynamical principles and the Newtonian laws of motion.
in three dimensions; equilibrium of rigid bodies and of flexible cables;
friction; centers of gravity; work and energy. Uniform motion; uniformly
varied motion; projectile motion; simple harmonic motion; pendulum motion.
Elementary dynamics of rotation. (Fall.)
501. Dynamics of a Particle.
More advanced treatment of the dynamics of a particle. Rectilinear
motion; harmonic motion; meteoric motion; pendulum motion; planetary
motion; motion in a resisting medium; oscillatory motion. (Winter.)
502. Dynamics of a Rigid Body.
General equations for the motion of a rigid body; moments of inertia;
motions of rigid bodies about fixed axes, parallel to fixed planes, and
around fixed points; the compound pendulum; the top; balancing of engines.
(Spring.)
Junior Applied Mechanics. [Thornton.]
9-10, M. T. W.
503. Strength of Materials.
Fundamental laws of stress and strain; experimental methods for the
determination of the strength and elasticity of elastic solids; ties and struts;
beams of constant and varied sections; beam deflections by both direct
and accelerated methods; columns under both axial and eccentric loads;
struts and ties under lateral loads; reinforced concrete slabs and beams.
(Fall.)
504. Hydrostatics and Hydraulics.
Fundamental laws of the equilibrium of fluids; strength and stability
of tanks, boiler shells, thick pipes, reservoir walls, lock walls, and dams.
Elementary principles of the motion of fluids; efflux from orifices; discharge
over weirs; flow in pipes and canals; gauging the flow of water in natural
and artificial channels. (Winter.)
505. Hydraulic Motors and Pumps.
Principles of linear and angular momentum and their applications;
water wheels; radial, axial, and mixed flow reaction turbines; impulse
turbines; centrifugal and turbine pumps, both single-stage and multi-stage;
reciprocating pumps; pumping mains; hydraulic transmission of power;
water hammer and inertia strains in hydraulic transmission lines. (Spring.)
Senior Applied Mechanics. [Thornton.]
10-11 T. Th. S.
506. Stability of Structures.
Framed structures under dead and live loads; cantilever bridges; draw
bridges; truss deflections; statically indeterminate structures; mill buildings;
cables and suspension bridges; elastic arches; masonry arches; earth
pressure and retaining walls; foundations. (Winter.)
507. Canal and River Engineering.
General laws of river flow; standard methods for gauging river flow;
problems of regulation and flood control; canalization of rivers; navigable
and irrigation canals; reservoirs and dams; locks and lock gates; weirs
and navigation passes; movable dams; hydraulic power plants; hydraulic
transmissions of power. (Spring.)
Applied Mechanics Laboratory. [Lapham.]
553. Structural Materials.
Practice is given in commercial and research testing. Included in the
usual tests are: Standard tests for Portland cement; tensile tests of structural
steel; transverse tests for cast-iron; testing of wires; determination of
the modulus of elasticity for various materials; transverse tests of timber;
torsion and compression tests of steel. Wherever practicable, the Standards
of the American Society for Testing Materials are used as a guide and reference.
(Fall.)
554. Fuels and Lubricants.
Standard methods for sampling coal; the determination of the heating
value of coals with the bomb calorimeter, with a study of current methods
for computing the cooling correction; the proximate analysis of coal; the
heating value of gases with the Junker calorimeter; the determination of
viscosity, flash and fire point, chill point, and specific gravity of oils; the coefficient
of friction for lubricants. (Spring.)
(Written reports following accepted engineering forms constitute an
important part of these courses.)
DRAWING.
Freshman Drawing: Lecture Courses.
11-12, T. Th. S.
600. Practical Geometry. [Thornton.]
Fundamental problems of plane geometry with applications to the
mensuration of rectilinear and curvilinear figures; conic sections and the
methods of constructing these curves; the orthographic projection of polyhedra
and of the three round bodies in erect and oblique positions; sections
of curved surfaces by planes and intersections; the mensuration of solids
and Simpson's rule; the graphical solution of equations; and the theory and
use of the Polar Planimeter. (Fall.)
601. Machine Construction. [Hancock.]
Study of the hand and machine tools in the wood and machine shops,
their functions, construction, and operation; free-hand sketching of machine
parts; elementary problems in the computation of shafting, belting,
rope drives, toothed gears, etc. Problems are assigned the student to guide
him in the study of each machine. (Winter.)
Freshman Drawing: Practice Courses. [Assistants.]
11-2, M. W.
Each student executes one finished plate 15″×20″ weekly. These plates
are drawn under the supervision of the instructors and must be neatly finished,
lettered and dimensioned. Every student is required to make tracings
and blue prints of a certain number of his own plates.
650. Mechanical Drawing.
This course embraces training in technique, practice in lettering, and
the graphical solution in the weekly plates of a series of problems in practical
plane and solid geometry, and in graphical algebra and trigonometry.
(Fall.)
651. Machine Drawing.
Finished plates consisting of detailed working drawings of machine
parts. The drawings are made, in part, from free-hand sketches from the
machine itself, and, in part from designs and specifications worked out by
the student. (Winter.)
652. Topographical Drawing.
In this course the conventional methods of making topographical maps
are carefully taught. Each student is required to become reasonably proficient
in the preparation of such maps. Particular attention is paid to the
study of contoured plans and the solution of problems based on them. The
associated lecture and field courses are 700 and 750. (Spring.)
Sophomore Drawing: Lecture Courses.
11-12, M. W. F.
603. Graphical Statics. [Thornton.]
The necessary preparation is such knowledge of experimental mechanics
as is given in Physics 200. Graphical methods in mechanics; problems
in the composition and resolution of forces and moments; determination
by graphical methods of centers of gravity, and moments of inertia;
construction of strain sheets for the simpler forms of roof and bridge
trusses; study of the stability of dams and walls; calculation of internal
stress in girders, and beam deflections. (Fall.)
604. Descriptive Geometry. [Thornton.]
The fundamental problems on the point, line, and plane are carefully
studied, with applications to the construction of shadows on polyhedra and
to the graphical statics of force-systems in three dimensions. The projections,
tangencies, sections, and intersections of curved surfaces are then
taken up, with applications to the determination of shades and shadows on
such surfaces. The course concludes with an elementary theory of linear
perspective. (Winter.)
605. Structural Design. [Thornton.]
Graphical Analysis and design of simple beam bridges; of reinforced
concrete slabs and beams; of plate girders; of retaining walls for earth; and
of simple types of framed structures. Special attention is given to the structures
important in highway engineering. (Spring.)
Sophomore Drawing: Practice Courses. [Assistant.]
12-2, T. Th. S.
The work of the course is the execution each week of a plate 15″×20″,
under the direction of a competent instructor. The problems assigned
are such as serve to illustrate the topics discussed in the associated lecture-courses
and develop power in the use of graphical methods. Each student
is required also to trace a certain number of his plates, to make blue prints
from his tracings, and to use the planimeter for the mensuration of areas
and volumes bounded by curved lines and surfaces.
653. Graphical Statics.
Fall.
654. Descriptive Geometry.
Winter.
655. Structural Drawing.
Spring.
SHOP-WORK.
Shop Instruction is given for its educational value. The purpose of
this Department is to train engineers, not artisans; and the claims of the
shops are not permitted to infringe on the truly vital functions of the laboratories,
the drafting rooms, and the lectures. [Hancock and Assistants.]
Courses 660, 661 are required of all students of engineering; 662, 663 of
students of mechanical and electrical engineering; 664 of mechanical engineering
students only.
660. Freshman Wood Shop.
3 hours a week.
Bench exercises in sawing, planing, boring, chiseling, tool sharpening.
Lathe exercises in turning between centers and on a face plate.
Machine tool exercises in the production of useful articles.
(Fall or Winter.)
661. Freshman Machine Shop.
3 hours a week.
Bench exercises in chipping and filing.
Engine lathe exercises in turning, boring, and thread cutting.
Machine tool exercises in drilling, planing, shaping, and milling.
(Fall or Winter.)
662. Junior Machine Shop.
6 hours a week.
Bench and machine-tool work in the construction of articles of commercial
value. An extension of course 661. (Fall.)
663. Pattern Making; Foundry; Forge Shop.
6 hours a week.
Simple solid and split patterns and core boxes; core making, moulding,
and casting; exercises in forging iron and steel; forging and tempering
center punches, cold chisels, lathe and planer tools. (Spring.)
664. Senior Machine Shop.
12 hours a week.
A continuation of course 662. More intricate and complicated pieces
are constructed and a broader understanding and improved technique are
developed. (Winter.)
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
700. Plane Surveying. [Newcomb.]
11-12, T. Th. S.
Lectures on the theory, uses, and adjustments of the Compass, Level,
Transit, and Stadia; the Computations of Surveying; the methods and
proper conduct of Land, Mine, City, Topographic, and Hydrographic Surveys.
Practical class exercises illustrating the subject matter of the lectures
are assigned to the students throughout the entire course. (Spring.)
701. Curves and Earthwork. [Newcomb.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures on Simple, Compound, Transition and Vertical Curves; the
form of Excavations and Embankments, Earthwork Surveys, Computation
of Volumes, Formation of Embankments, Computation of Haul, Cost of
Earthwork, Blasting. Practical exercises in Map Drawing and Topography.
(Fall.)
702. Railroad Engineering. [Newcomb.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures on Reconnoissance and Preliminary Surveys, Office Location,
Special attention is given to questions of Railway Economics. (Winter.)
703. Roads; Streets; Street Railways. [Newcomb.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the Principles of Road Location; the Construction and
Maintenance of Earth Roads, Broken Stone Roads, Gravel Roads; the
pavements for City Streets and Sidewalks; the Location and Construction
of Street Railways. (Spring.)
704. Masonry Construction. [Newcomb.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the Materials of Construction; Foundations; the design
and construction of Dams, Retaining Walls, Bridge Piers and Abutments,
Culverts, Arches; the Theory of Reinforced Concrete; the design and construction
of the simpler Reinforced Concrete Structures. Practical exercises
in the design of Masonry Structures and Structural Drawing. (Fall.)
705. Short Span Bridges. [Newcomb.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the design and construction of standard types of Steel and
Timber Bridges. (Winter.)
706. Long Span Bridges. [Newcomb.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the design and construction of the more intricate Single
Span Trusses, Cantilever Bridges, Steel Arches, Continuous Girders, and
Swing Bridges. (Spring.)
707. Waterworks and Sewers. [Newcomb.]
12-1, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the quality, sources, collection, conveyance, purification,
and distribution of City Water Supplies; the laws of flow in pipe lines
and aqueducts; the drainage of houses and streets; the collection and
conveyance of sewage; the disposal of sewage; the construction and maintenance
of works. Practical exercises in the design of pipe lines and
sewers. (Fall.)
708. Reinforced Concrete. [Newcomb.]
12-1, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the Theory of Reinforced Concrete, the Design and Construction
of selected types of Reinforced Concrete structures. Practical
exercises in the design of Reinforced Concrete structures, and Structural
Drawing. (Winter.)
750. Field Surveying. [Newcomb and Assistants.]
9 hours a week.
This course supplements 700, Plane Surveying, and consumes three
afternoons a week throughout the Spring Term of the Freshman year.
The student is taught the use of the Chain, Tape, Compass, Level, Transit,
Stadia, and Plane Table. The parallel work in the drawing-room (652)
consists in making Computations, Scale Drawings, Profiles, and Contoured
Maps from notes taken in the field. (Spring.)
751. Railroad Surveying. [Newcomb and Assistants.]
9 hours a week.
This course supplements 701, Curves and Earthwork, and consumes
three afternoons a week throughout the Fall Term of the Junior Year.
The class is divided into squads, each squad making complete Surveys,
Maps, Profiles, and Estimates for a mile of located line. (Fall.)
753. Road Material Testing. [Lapham and Assistant.]
Laboratory tests are made of both non-bituminous and bituminous
materials. Samples of stone from neighboring quarries are tested for
to abrasion. Crude petroleum, bituminous emulsions, road oils, asphalts,
tars, etc., are investigated with relation to the properties important for
highway construction. (Spring.)
755. Bridge Drafting. [Newcomb.]
12 hours a week.
This course accompanies 705, Short Span Bridges. Each student is
required to make complete design and detail drawings of one plate girder,
and one selected type of short span bridge truss. (Winter.)
756. Bridge Drafting. [Newcomb.]
12 hours a week.
This course accompanies 706, Long Span Bridges. Each student is
required to prepare stress sheets and drawings for selected types of long
span bridges. (Spring.)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
800. Elementary Steam Engineering. [Hancock.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
A study of commercial fuels and their uses in the production of power;
of the properties of steam and the methods of measuring pressure, temperature
and humidity; of the design and construction of steam boilers,
chimneys, superheaters, economizers, feed-water heaters and condensers;
of the steam engine, steam turbine, pumps and injectors. Weekly problems
for private solution. (Fall.)
801. Steam Power Plants. [Hancock.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
The economic design and operation of steam power plants. The subject
is treated in lectures with assigned reading. Each student is expected
to produce during the term a complete design of a plant to satisfy assumed
conditions. (Winter.)
802. Machine Design. [Hancock.]
1-2, Th. F. S.
Straining actions in machine elements; friction and lubrication; riveted
fastenings, screws and screw fastenings; keys, cotters, and forced fits;
axels, shafting and couplings, journals and bearings; belt and rope transmissions;
toothed gearing. Weekly problems for private solution. (Spring.)
803. Internal Combustion Engines. [Hancock.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
A study of the thermal problems of internal combustion engines, gas
producers, air compressors and motors and hot air engines. Weekly
exercises and problems. (Fall.)
804. Steam Engines and Steam Turbines. [Hancock.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
A study of the thermal problems of steam engines, steam turbines and
refrigerating machinery. Weekly exercises and problems. (Winter.)
805. Engine Design. [Hancock.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
A study of the mechanical problems involved in the design of the
engines, which have been discussed in the two previous courses; inerti
effects, stresses; strength of parts, balancing, governing, etc. Weekly
exercises and problems. (Spring.)
806. Kinematics of Machines. [Hancock.]
11-12, Th. F. S.
A study of the applications of plane, spheric and screw motions in
machines. The course is principally devoted to valve gears, straight line
employed and the work is almost wholly on the drawing board. (Fall.)
807. Locomotive Engineering. [Hancock.]
11-12, Th. F. S.
A study of the steam locomotive. The problems of inertia effects,
balancing, tractive force, track and train resistances, hauling capacity, etc.,
are treated in lectures. Clear physical conceptions are gained by careful
examination and study of the machine itself. For a knowledge of its
history and present development general reading and written reports are
required. (Winter.)
851-2-3. Mechanical Laboratory. [Lapham and Assistant.]
851. The work of these courses varies from year to year. Course 851 is
intended as a brief introductory course and may include: The calibration
and adjustment of gages; the calibration of thermometers; the measurement
of the flow of water by orifices and weir notches; the calibration
of piston and Venturi meters; the use of the separating calorimeter;
economy and capacity tests of a small steam pump. (Spring.)
852. The calibration of planimeters and indicators; valve setting;
determination of clearances; flue gas analysis; steam quality tests with
the throttling calorimeter; mechanical efficiency test of a steam engine;
economy test of a steam turbine; test of a gasoline engine; test of the
University Power Plant boilers. (Fall.)
853. This course is a continuation of 852. Complete test of a steam
engine; tests of a gasoline engine; guarantee test of a steam turbine, with
method of correcting to standard conditions; complete power plant test.
Particular stress is laid upon the preparation of clear and accurate engineering
reports. The Code of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
is followed throughout. (Winter.)
860. Inspection. [Hancock.]
In this course a systematic effort is made to utilize the industrial
equipment within easy reach for the purposes of illustration and study.
Inspection tours are also arranged from time to time for study and
investigation. This work constitutes an important part of the instruction
in mechanical engineering.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.
900. Elements of Electrical Engineering. [Rodman.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures treating fundamental principles of Electrical Engineering;
basic ideas and fundamental units discussed; magnetic circuits and continuous
electric currents treated in detail; electromagnetism carefully
studied. Special attention is given to the physical conceptions involved
and numerous assigned problems exemplify and broaden the theoretical
discussions. (Fall.)
901. Direct Current Machines. [Rodman.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the theory, construction, characteristics, and operation
of Direct Current Generators and Motors and the accessory apparatus
required for the proper management and control of these machines. The
principles of testing such machines are carefully discussed. Problems
circuits and practical examples from standard engineering practice form
an important part of the work. (Winter.)
902. Periodic Currents. [Rodman.]
9-10, Th. F. S.
Lectures on electrostatic phenomena, variable currents, alternating
currents, and alternating current circuits, both single and polyphase. A
careful study is made of circuits with periodic currents and their characteristics
when resistance, inductive reactance and capacity reactance are
present in their various combinations. Extensive problem work is required
to facilitate the treatment of simple and complex circuits. (Spring.)
903. Alternating Current Machinery. [Rodman.]
11-12, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the theory, construction, characteristics, and operation of
Alternating Current Generators, Synchronous Motors, Rotary Converters,
and Transformers. These machines are considered as units and as integral
parts of electrical systems. The principles of testing such apparatus under
various conditions of loading are discussed and assigned problem work
illustrates the theory and practice. (Fall.)
904. Alternating Current Machinery. [Rodman.]
11-12, Th. F. S.
This course is a continuation of 903. The lectures treat more particularly
Alternating Current Motors, induction, series and repulsion types,
with their characteristics and control apparatus. Methods of testing are
outlined and graphical methods of calculation and predetermination of
operating characteristics are discussed. Problems taken from engineering
practice serve to broaden and fix the theoretical deductions. (Winter.)
905. Electric Power Transmission. [Rodman.]
11-12, Th. F. S.
Lectures on systems of transmission and distribution, with a detailed
consideration of the electrical characteristics of transmission lines; the
electrical equipment of stations and sub-stations, including generating
apparatus, switchboards, control systems and protective devices; systems
of transformation and the economic considerations which influence the
design of the complete electrical system. (Spring.)
906. Illumination and Photometry. [Rodman.]
12-1, Th. F. S.
Lectures on light, its physical properties; illuminants and their characteristics;
shades and reflectors; photometry, standards and apparatus;
illumination calculations for point and surface sources; principles of interior,
exterior, decorative, and scenic illumination. Problem work illustrating
computations necessary for the consideration of the Illuminating
Engineer are assigned. (Fall.)
907. Electric Traction. [Rodman.]
12-1, Th. F. S.
Lectures on the various types of electric motors for traction purposes,
controllers and systems of control, brakes, rolling stock, track, train performance,
and electric railway economics. A discussion with problems of
the complete electrification system for electric railways, including generating
apparatus, transmission, sub-stations and equipment, distribution,
and utilization of electrical energy for car propulsion. (Winter.)
908. Electrical Systems. [Rodman.]
10-11, Th. F. S.
Lectures dealing with the fundamentals of electrical circuits and machines;
This course gives a general survey of the electrical field more particularly
for the students of Civil Engineering. (Fall.)
941. Engineering Economics. [Rodman.]
10-11, Th. F. S.
Lectures and parallel reading on the economic considerations involved
in engineering problems. Optional course. (Spring.)
950-951-952. Direct Current Laboratory. [Rodman and Instructor.]
3-6, M. T. W. Th. F.
This course supplements 900-1. The laboratory work is devoted to a
study of electrical instruments, their use and manipulation; simple electrical
circuits and study of direct current apparatus and its operation;
characteristics of generators and motors. (Winter, 6 hours per week;
Spring, 3 hours per week.)
953-954-955. Alternating Current Laboratory. [Rodman.]
10-2, M.
This course supplements 903-4-5, dealing with measuring instruments
for alternating current circuits; series and parallel circuits and their characteristics;
polyphase circuits, balanced and unbalanced; and alternating
current generator, motor and transformer characteristics. (Fall, 4 hours
a week; Winter, 7; Spring, 4.)
956. Photometric Laboratory. [Rodman.]
10-1, W.
This course accompanies 906. Photometric tests are made upon different
types of incandescent lamps. The operating characteristics of incandescent
and arc lamps are studied. Tests of illumination, interior and
exterior, are carried out. Study of photometric standards and devices.
(Fall.)
The University of Virginia branch of the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers holds regular meetings for the discussion of periodical
literature and the exposition by resident and visiting engineers of present-day
problems in Electrical Engineering.
ENGINEERING SCHEDULE.
| Lecture Hours |
Laboratory Periods |
Examination Days |
|||||||
| M. W. F. |
T. Th. S. |
M. T. W. |
Th. F. S. |
Dec. | March | May-June | |||
| Mathematics: | |||||||||
| 100-1-2 | 9 | II | 13 | 14 | 28 | ||||
| 103-4-5 | 12 | III | 14 | 15 | 29 | ||||
| Physics: | |||||||||
| 200-1-2 | 11 | M., W., F., 9-11 | VI | 18 | 19 | 1 | |||
| 203-4-x | 1 | T., Th., 3-5 | IV | 16 | 16 | ||||
| Chemistry: | |||||||||
| 300-1-2 | 10 | T., Th., S., 12-2 | V | 17 | 18 | 31 | |||
| 309-10-11 | 9 | M., W., F., 2-4 | II | 13 | 14 | 28 | |||
| 330-1-2 | 10 | T., Th., S., 12-2 | V | 17 | 18 | 31 | |||
| 333-4-5 | 10 | 12 hours a week | I | 12 | 13 | 27 | |||
| 336-7-8 | 3 | VII | 19 | 20 | 3 | ||||
| 303-4-5 | 11 | 9 hours a week | VI | 18 | 19 | 1 | |||
| Geology and Mining: |
|||||||||
| 400-1-2 | 1 | M., W., 10-1 | IX | 21 | 22 | 5 | |||
| 403-4-5 | 12 | 6 hours a week | VIII | 20 | 21 | 4 | |||
| 40x-6-7 | 11 | 9 hours a week | VIII | 21 | 4 | ||||
| 420-1-2 | 9 | II | 13 | 14 | 28 | ||||
| Mechanics: | |||||||||
| 500-1-2 | 10 | I | 12 | 13 | 27 | ||||
| 503-4-5 | 9 | X | 23 | 23 | 6 | ||||
| 50x-6-7 | 10 | V | 18 | 31 | |||||
| Drawing and Shopwork: |
|||||||||
| 600-601-700 | 11 | M., W., 11-2 | IX | 21 | 22 | 5 | |||
| 603-4-5 | 11 | T., Th., S., 12-2 | VIII | 20 | 21 | 4 | |||
| 660-1-x | Th., F., 3-6 | ||||||||
| 662-x-3 | M., W., 3-6 | ||||||||
| 66x-4-x | 12 hours a week | ||||||||
| Civil Engineering: | |||||||||
| 701-2-3 | 9 | I | 12 | 13 | 27 | ||||
| 704-5-6 | 1 | 12 hours a week | V | 17 | 18 | 31 | |||
| 707-8-x | 12 | II | 13 | 14 | |||||
| Mechanical Engineering: |
|||||||||
| 800-1-2 | 1 | X | 23 | 23 | 6 | ||||
| 803-4-5 | 9 | VIII | 20 | 21 | 4 | ||||
| 806-7-x | 11 | II | 13 | 14 | |||||
| Electrical Engineering: | |||||||||
| 900-1-2 | 9 | Daily, 3-6 | IV | 16 | 16 | 30 | |||
| 903-4-5 | 11 | M., 10-2 | VI | 18 | 19 | 1 | |||
| 906-7-x | 12 | W., 10-1 | II | 13 | 14 | ||||
| 908-x-941 | 10 | V | 17 | 31 | |||||
| Experimental Engineering: |
|||||||||
| 553-4-x | 6 hours a week | ||||||||
| 75x-x-3 | 6 hours a week | ||||||||
| 851-2-3 | 6 hours a week | ||||||||
The student is warned to adhere strictly to the regular programmes,
or else to select his courses so as to avoid conflicts of lecture hours, laboratory
periods, and examination days. The faculty declines to accept responsibility
for conflicts, unless the same have been authorized in advance by a
special vote of the faculty.
PROGRAMS OF STUDY FOR DEGREES IN ENGINEERING.
| Freshman | Sophomore | Junior | Senior | |
| Civil Engineering |
Math. 100-1-2 | Math. 103-4-5 | Mechs. 500-1-2 | Mechs. 50x-6-7 |
| [1] Chem. 300-1-2 | [2] Physics 200-1-2 | Mechs. 503-4-5 | [3] Geol. 400-1-2 | |
| [4] Draw. 600-601-700 | [5] Draw. 603-4-5 | Engin. 704-5-6 | Chem. 336 | |
| Shop 660-1 | Engin. 701-2-3 | Draw. 755-6 | Engin. 707-8-x | |
| Field 750 | Lab. 753 | Lab. 553-4 | Engin. 800-1 | |
| Lab. 851 | Engin. 908 | |||
| Field 751 | ||||
| Mechanical Engineering |
Math. 100-1-2 | Math. 103-4-5 | Mechs. 500-1-2 | Mechs. 50x-6-7 |
| [6] Chem. 300-1-2 | [7] Physics 200-1-2 | Mechs. 503-4-5 | Chem. 336 | |
| [8] Draw. 600-601-700 | [9] Draw 603-4-5 | [10] Engin. 900-1-2 | Engin. 803-4-5 | |
| Shop 660-1 | Engin. 800-1-2 | Lab. 553-4 | Engin. 806-7 | |
| Field 750 | Lab. 851 | Engin. 704 | ||
| Shop 662-3 | Lab. 852-3 | |||
| Shop 664 | ||||
| Inspection 860 | ||||
| Electrical Engineering |
Math. 100-1-2 | Math. 103-4-5 | Mechs. 500-1-2 | Mechs. 50x-6-7 |
| [11] Chem. 300-1-2 | [12] Physics 200-1-2 | Mechs. 503-4-5 | Chem. 336 | |
| [13] Draw. 600-601-700 | [14] Draw. 603-4-5 | [15] Engin. 900-1-2 | [16] Physics 203-4 | |
| Shop 660-1 | Engin. 800-1-2 | Lab. 553-4 | [17] Engin. 903-4-5 | |
| Field 750 | Lab. 851 | [18] Engin. 906-7 | ||
| Shop 662-3 | Lab. 852-3 | |||
| Inspection 860 | ||||
| Chemical Engineering |
Math. 100-1-2 | Math. 103-4-5 | [19] Chem. 309-10-11 | Mechs. 500-4-5 |
| [20] Chem. 300-1-2 | [21] Physics 200-1-2 | [22] Chem. 333-4-5 | [23] Chem. 303-4-5 | |
| [24] Draw 600-601-700 | [25] Draw. 603-4-5 | [26] Geol. 400-1-2 | Chem. 336-7-8 | |
| Shop 660-1 | [27] Chem. 330-1-2 | Engin. 800-1-2 | [28] Engin. 900-1-2 | |
| Field 750 | Lab. 553-4 | |||
| Lab. 851 | ||||
| Mining Engineering |
Math. 100-1-2 | Math. 103-4-5 | Mechs. 500-4-5 | [29] Chem. 330-1-2 |
| [30] Chem. 300-1-2 | [31] Physics 200-1-2 | [32] Geol. 400-1-2 | Chem. 336 | |
| [33] Draw. 600-601-700 | [34] Draw. 603-4-5 | [35] Geol. 40x-6-7 | [36] Geol. 403-4-5 | |
| Shop 660-1 | Engin. 800-1-2 | Engin. 701 | Mining 420-1-2 | |
| Field 750 | Engin. 908 | Lab. 553-4 | ||
| Lab. 950-2 | Lab. 851 | |||
| Field 751 |
EXPENSES OF REGULAR STUDENTS.
The average annual expenses of a student who pursues the regular
course in Engineering will be:
| Outside Students |
Virginians | |
| University Fee | $ 40 | $ 20 |
| Tuition and Laboratory Fees (average) | 120 | 80 |
| Living Expenses (for nine months) | 250 | 250 |
| Books and Drawing Materials | 20 | 20 |
| Incidental Expenses (for nine months) | 45 | 45 |
| Total for average conditions | $475 | $415 |
The charges for Tuition are uniform to all students, except that
Virginians are relieved of tuition on courses offered in the College. The
fee for each collegiate class taken will be $25, with the addition of the
prescribed laboratory charges, which are $5 per class for Physics and
$15 for Chemistry. For each class in Analytical Chemistry a special fee
of $50 is charged for tuition, plus $10 for apparatus and supplies. The
fee for each technical lecture-course is $30, for each practice-course in
drawing $15, for each laboratory or practice course in Applied Mechanics,
Engineering, Shop-work, or Field-work $5. These fees include all charges
for laboratory materials; but the student is held further responsible for
breakage.
The Living Expenses include board, lodging, fuel and lights, servant
and laundry; the average is $28 a month, the minimum $20, and a reasonable
maximum $35. Books and Drawing Materials will cost about $80
for the four-year course. Incidental Expenses ought to be kept within
modest bounds; the above estimate is sufficient; large allowances of pocket
money promote idleness and attract companions of the baser sort. No
allowances are made for clothing or travel, the expenses for which vary
too much to be introduced into any general estimate.
The charges payable on entrance are the University fee, the contingent
deposit of $10 and the tuition and laboratory fees.
EXAMINATIONS AND REPORTS.
Oral examinations are held at the beginning of each lecture hour on
the topics of the preceding lecture. Written test papers are set monthly,
or at such interval as the professor may appoint. Absences from lecture
except by reason of sickness are not excused without a written leave
from the Dean. Class standing is determined on the basis of the oral
examinations and the written tests. Absence from the latter or failure to
answer incurs a zero grade. Absences from laboratory periods, however
caused, must be made up by special private arrangement with the instructor.
Written examinations are held at the end of each term on the entire
work of that term. The result of the examination combined with the
student's class-standing gives his term-grade. The pass-mark is seventy-five
per cent. Absence from the written term examination incurs a zero
term-grade, which may not be removed except by the passage of a special
written examination on the work of that term. Such special examinations
are granted only upon presentation of a written certificate from a reputable
physician that the student by reason of sickness on the day of the
regular examination was unable to attend.
Regular Reports are sent out at the end of every term to the student's
parent or guardian. These state for each course followed the term-grade
and the number of absences. Further comment may be added by the Dean
or the professor, if it appears probable that such comment would be helpful
to the student. Parents are urged to examine these reports carefully, and
to exert such parental influence as may seem needed to establish and confirm
the student in habits of industry and order.
Special Reports are sent to parents at the end of each month for
students delinquent in attendance or studiousness and for delinquents
only. When a student is making steady progress and showing due diligence
in his work only the regular reports are sent. The receipt of a
special report is evidence that, in the judgment of the Faculty, prompt
and pointed parental admonition is urgently needed.
If in any class in the Department of Engineering a student fails to
make satisfactory progress, he is first admonished by the professor in
charge. In default of prompt and permanent improvement he is next
formally warned by the Dean. If due amendment is then not immediately
effected, the student's name is dropped from the rolls of the Department,
on the ground that he is not accomplishing the purposes for which he
should have entered upon a University course of study.
REGULATIONS.
The following regulations, adopted to define the policy of the Faculty,
are published for the information and guidance of the Students:
1. Practice-courses as well as lecture-courses must be conducted under
the Honor System. The student who submits any work to be graded is
considered to submit it under pledge.
2. When the lecture-course and the associated practice-course are
given in the same term of the same year, no student will be admitted to
examination on the lecture-course until he has completed at least three-fourths
of the practice-course.
3. No student will be admitted to any practice-course unless he is
at the same time pursuing the associated lecture-course, or has already
received credit for the same.
4. No student will be admitted to the graduating examination on a
lecture-course unless he has been present at more than half the lectures
in that course.
5. In the technical courses in Engineering (i. e., courses not given
in the College) term-grades shall not be averaged; except that the term-grades
for Freshman Drawing (600-601-700) may be averaged for first-year
men only, provided no mark is below 65.
6. The pass-mark in every course is 75. Class standing is estimated
at 20 points; the written examination at 80 points.
7. No student who fails to maks 75 on term-grade shall be granted
another examination on the course until he has again attended lectures
on that course.
8. Special examinations are not given except by reason of sickness
on the day of examination, attested by the written certificate of a reputable
physician, or for other like providential causes. In every case they
must be validated by special vote of the Faculty.
9. A student whose term-grades average less than 40 for all the
courses in which he is registered shall be at once dropped from the rolls.
If his average is above 40 with no mark above 65, he is placed on probation.
10. A student on probation, who in the next term makes less than
65 on each and all his courses, shall be at once dropped from the rolls.
ADVANCED STANDING.
Under the elective system of the University of Virginia a student
who has completed courses of college or university grade in other institutions
of learning on mathematical or scientific subjects may be excused
from attendance upon these courses by the Dean, with the advice and
consent of the professors in charge, and will then be registered for the
more advanced work.
In order to secure College Credit upon such courses toward a degree
in Engineering from this University the applicant must show—
1. That the courses offered are coextensive with the corresponding
courses as given in the University of Virginia.
2. That his grades on them were not below the seventy-five per cent
pass-mark of this University.
Such credits may be granted by the Faculty upon the recommendation
of the Dean and the professors in charge; but are automatically revoked
by the failure of the student to pass in the more advanced courses in the
related topics.
The same rules apply to Credits on Summer School Courses; except
that for courses in the Summer School of this University the examination
questions must be prepared by the professor in charge of the regular course
and the answers must be read and graded by him.
Credits on Practice-Courses in Drawing, Shop-work, or Field-work
may be granted to applicants who have gained in professional practice the
training which these courses represent. Such applicants must file with the
Dean proper certificates from the official under whom the work was done
and must in addition pass a practical test on the subjects for which credit
is desired.
DRAFTING ROOMS.
The drafting rooms are abundantly lighted and are provided with
solidly constructed tables with locked drawers for instruments and materials.
Each student is assigned to a table and has a drawer for his exclusive
use. The regular Drawing Classes execute each one plate a week
under the supervision of the Instructors in Drawing. The more advanced
students have such additional drawings assigned by their respective professors
as are needed for the full development of the courses of study.
Careful attention is given to the training of the students in free-hand
lettering, in the conventional signs of mechanical drawing, in the proper
lay-out of drawings, and in neat and accurate execution. Exercises are
required also in tracing and in blue-printing, the rooms for which are
conveniently arranged and in close contiguity to the drafting rooms. While,
however, technical dexterity is demanded, the graphical method is taught
mastery of which is essential for the instructed Engineer.
The construction and theory of the Polar Planimeter, the Slide Rule,
and the Pantograph are carefully taught, and the student is trained in the
practical use of these appliances for the rapid and accurate production of
estimates and copies from finished drawings.
SHOPS.
The machine shop is provided with six first-class engine lathes, illustrating
the practice of the best American makers; with a planer, a shaper,
two drill presses, a universal milling machine (Brown & Sharpe), and a
universal grinder (same makers); also with a gas forge for tempering tools,
a cut-off saw for metal rods, an emery wheel, grindstone, and so on.
The wood shop is furnished with five small lathes, a large pattern
maker's lathe, a jointer, a planer, a saw bench for slitting and cross-cutting,
a band-saw, a jig-saw, and a wood trimmer for pattern making, six cabinet
maker's benches, and an emple supply of hand tools.
The foundry has a cupola furnace for working cast iron, a brass furnace,
a core oven, and all needful accessories for moulding and casting;
the blast for the cupola is furnished by a special blower, driven by a small
high-speed steam engine.
The forge room is equipped with Buffalo down-draft forges; and the
necessary smith's tools; the draft is furnished by an engine-driven blower,
and the exhaust is operated by a fan driven also by the engine.
MECHANICAL LABORATORY.
Strength of Materials.—The Sinclair Laboratory for work in testing
structural materials was founded on the original donation of Mrs. John
Sinclair, of New York City, as a memorial to her late husband. The
collection has since been considerably enlarged. It contains a Riehle
100,000-lb. machine, arranged for tensile, compressive, and transverse tests,
with an attachment for taking autographic diagrams; an Olsen 100,000-lb.
machine; an Olsen torsion machine of 50,000-inch-pounds capacity; a
Ewing machine for finding the modulus of elasticity; hand machines for
testing rods and wires under pull, and small specimens of timber and cast
iron under transverse loads. It is also equipped with accessory measuring
instruments; these include a Riehle extensometer, an Olsen compressometer,
and a Ewing optical extensometer of great delicacy.
Hydraulics.—The laboratory equipment for work in hydraulics comprises
a steel tank for weir experiments with interchangeable bronze
notches; a hook gauge for measurement of surface levels; a stand-pipe
provided with a set of standard bronze orifices for experiments on efflux;
commercial pipe and elbows arranged for determining friction losses; and
the necessary scales, tanks, manometers, etc. It also includes a pum
attic of the building.
Cement Testing.—The laboratory is also completed equipped for making
the standard cement tests. It contains a Fairbank's tensile tester of
1,000 lbs. capacity; an Olsen steaming oven for accelerated tests; an Olsen
drying oven with automatic temperature regulation; moist air closets; and
all the required small apparatus.
Fuel and Oil Testing.—For the determination of the heating value
of coal, petroleum, etc., the laboratory has an Emerson bomb calorimeter.
For gas calorimetry, a Junker calorimeter made by the American Meter
Co. is used. For investigating the coefficient of friction of lubricants,
the laboratory has an Olsen-Cornell Oil Tester, and is further equipped
with such small apparatus as flash and chill point testers, hydrometers,
viscosimeters, etc., used in the determination of the physical properties
of oils.
Steam Testing.—The laboratory equipment is designed to illustrate
the theory involved in Mechanical Engineering, to give practical instruction
in the handling of machinery, and to teach the fundamental methods
of experimental work. It contains a Ball high-speed engine; a De Laval
turbine with condensing and non-condensing nozzles, which is directly
connected to a 25 kw. alternating current generator; an Otto gasoline
engine with a special piston for alcohol; a Wheeler surface condenser to
which the exhaust from any of the steam units may be connected; a steam
pump; steam traps, etc. For boiler tests, the boilers of the University
Heating and Lighting Plant are used.
The instrument room contains all necessary apparatus for carrying
out complete tests. Among this may be mentioned indicators, thermometers,
gauges, planimeters, with standards for their correction and calibration;
an Orsat apparatus; separating and throttling calorimeters, etc.
FIELD AND LABORATORY WORK IN CIVIL ENGINEERING.
The outfit of Field Instruments contains compasses, transits, and levels
of various approved makes; a solar transit, furnished also with stadia wires
and gradienter for tachymetric work; hand-levels and clinometers for field
topography; plane tables; a sextant; together with an adequate supply of
leveling rods, telemeter rods, signal poles, chains, tapes, pins, and so on.
For hydraulic surveys a hook gauge and a current meter are provided. All
students are instructed in the theory and adjustments of the field instruments
and in their practical use in the field. They are also required to make
up their field-books in standard forms; to reduce their surveys and execute
all the necessary profiles, plans, and maps; and to determine lengths, areas,
and volumes both from the maps and from the original notes. Polar planimeters
are provided for facilitating such estimates and a pantograph for
making reduced copies of finished drawings.
The apparatus for tests of Non-bituminous Road Materials includes a
two-cylinder Deval abrasion machine, a ball mill, a moulding press for
toughness tester, a rock crusher and a Purdue brick rattler. This outfit
the University owes to the generous aid of Dr. Logan Waller Page. In
addition, the Department has acquired a 40,000-pound compression tester,
a diamond core drill, a diamond rock saw, a grinding lap, a Westphal balance,
specific gravity apparatus, and a complete set of sieves. Useful
researches in the road-building rocks and gravels of Virginia, as well as
the standard tests, are conducted each year by the class in Civil Engineering.
The apparatus for tests of Bituminous Road Materials includes the
New York Testing Laboratory penetrometer, the Kirschbaum ductility
machine, the Engler viscosimeter, the asphalt viscosimeter, the New York
Testing Laboratory extractor, the New York State Board of Health oil
tester, Hubbard pyknometers, asphalt flow plates, gas and electric hot
plates, and all the accessory apparatus needed for research on bituminous
road-binders.
In recognition of the growing interest in Good Roads in Virginia
and the immense social and economic importance of the construction of
such roads in all parts of the commonwealth, the Faculty of the Department
of Engineering has rearranged the courses of instruction in this topic
and brought them together into the Spring Term, so as to form a Special
Course in Highway Engineering for the benefit of young men from Virginia,
who wish to go into public highway work. To such Virginians, if
adequately prepared and recommended, free scholarships will be given.
Application should be made to the Dean, accompanied by recommendations
from the State Highway Commissioner or from the Board of Supervisors
of the applicant's county.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY.
The Scott Laboratory of Electrical Engineering.—This laboratory was
initially equipped and endowed by Mrs. Frances Branch Scott, of Richmond,
Va., as a memorial to her late son, an alumnus of this university.
During the year 1910 the equipment was substantially increased through
the generosity of the Hon. Charles R. Crane, of Chicago, Ill., a friend of
the university. During 1912, still further substantial additions were made,
consisting of measuring instruments, auxiliary control apparatus, and more
particularly a steam-turbine driven three-phase alternating current generator
with exciter and control switchboard.
In addition to full sets of electric meters with the appliances for testing
and calibrating them, galvanometers of the best modern types, standard
cells and resistances, standard condensers, and other pieces of apparatus for
minor tests, this laboratory contains numerous pieces of the very best
construction. Such are the Wolff Potentiometer, the Siemens and Halske
Thomson Double Bridge, the Koepsel Permeameter, the Duddell Double
Projection Oscillograph, the Station Photometer with Lummer-Brodhun
screen, the Carey-Foster Bridge and others. For the work in machine-testing
shunt and compound, an interpole motor, a double current generator, a
two-phase alternator, a General Electric experimental test set for alternating
current, comprising a generator furnishing single, two, three, six
or twelve-phase current, and, in addition, offering three types of induction
motors with all necessary starting and controlling devices, a single-phase
repulsion motor, a two-phase induction motor, two three-phase induction
motors, several pairs of constant voltage transformers, a constant current
transformer, frequency meters, power factor indicator, synchronism indicator,
ground detector and the auxiliary apparatus used in testing these
machines. The laboratory has been arranged with a system of universal
plug and receptacle-connections to facilitate the setting up of all experimental
combinations.
BUILDINGS.
The buildings devoted wholly or in part to the work of the Department
of Engineering are the following:
The Mechanical Laboratory is the main seat of the instruction in
technical studies. It is 180 by 70 feet and contains on the main floor the
Dean's office and the offices of the other professors; the main lecture-room;
the laboratory of electrical engineering; and the drafting-room for
the First and Second-Year students. Above are a smaller drafting-room
for advanced students, and blue-print and photographic rooms. Below on
the ground floor are another classroom, the testing laboratories, the wood
shop, the metal shop, apparatus and storerooms, the toolroom, and the
students' lavatory.
The Power House is a single-story building 110 by 40 feet. In addition
to the University boiler plant and the electric lighting plant, this contains
the foundry and the forge-room. The boiler plant consists of two horizontal
return-tubular boilers, each of 140 horse-power. The lighting plant
consists of three electric generators directly connected to high-speed
engines, the respective capacities being 25, 50, and 75 kilowatts. The whole
plant is available for purposes of instruction, study and experiment.
The Geological Museum is 120 by 50 feet. It is a three-story building.
The main floor is devoted to the very extensive geological collection of
specimens, charts, relief maps, and so on. The gallery above contains an
equally good collection of minerals and numerous models of typical crystallographic
forms. The upper floor contains the lecture-rooms and the
laboratories of Economic Geology. In the basement are stored subsidiary
collections and new material accumulated in more recent geological surveys.
The Physical Laboratory faces the Mechanical Laboratory on the
opposite side of the quadrangle, and has almost the same proportions. The
main floor contains the lecture-room, the professors' offices, the laboratory
of experimental physics, and the storeroom for the very large collection of
apparatus used in the lectures. On the ground floor is the laboratory of
theoretical electricity, the storage battery room, a well-equipped shop for
of graduate students.
The new Chemical Laboratory will be opened for use in September,
1917. In this fire-proof structure all the work in Chemistry will be
assembled. The floor area provided will be about 30,000 square feet. The
lecture-rooms will seat classes of 300, 75 and 25 students. The laboratories
assigned to General Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Qualitative Analysis,
Quantitative Analysis, and Physical Chemistry will contain 110, 60, 40, 30,
and 20 desks. Altogether by dividing classes into sections 600 students
may be accommodated. Smaller private laboratories will be provided for
research workers. Large stock rooms communicating by elevators with
the several floors will contain ample stores of chemical supplies. The
resources of the valuable Chemical Museum belonging to the University
will be for the first time adequately displayed. The 5,000 volumes of books
and bound sets of journals constituting the Department Library of Chemistry
will be so housed as to be accessible to both teachers and students.
| The University of Virginia record March 1, 1917 | |