University of Virginia Library

A. APPENDIX.

A. APPENDIX A.

HISTORY OF PRINTING IN AMERICA.

Communicated by Hon. John R. Bartlett.

The precise date of the introduction of printing into Mexico, was
for a long time in doubt. Mr. Thomas is correct in his statement
that the art was introduced into that country before the year 1569,
the date of the license for printing Molina's dictionary, and he is
not far from the mark, after reading what the Abbe Clavigero says,
in saying that "We may conclude that printing was introduced into
Mexico previous to the year 1540." When Mr. Thomas wrote his
History of Printing in America, early works on America were
rare, and it is probable that there was not one in the country printed
in either America or Europe in the XVIth century, except the
copy of Molina's dictionary; now many of the period may be found
in our great private libraries. The dictionary of Molina, in Mexican
and Spanish, printed in Mexico, in 1571, in folio, was, by many,
asserted and believed to be the earliest book printed in America.
It was found in several collections, both public and private, and no
one here had seen an earlier book until the Doctrina Christiana
printed in the house of Juan Cromberger, in the city of Mexico, in
the year 1544, was discovered. Copies of this rare work were found
in two well known private libraries in New York and Providence.
For a long time the honor was awarded to this as the earliest book
printed in America. But there is now strong evidence that printing
was really introduced in Mexico nine years before that time, and
positive evidence, by existing books, that a press was established in
1540.

Readers familiar with early books relating to Mexico have seen
mention of a book printed there as early as 1535. The particulars
are given by Padilla, in his work entitled Historia de la Fundacion
y Discurso de la Provincia de Santiago de Mexico, de la Orden de
Predicadores, etc., 1625, folio. At page 542, speaking of Fr. Juan
de Estrada, he says: "Estando en casa de novicios hizo una cosa, que
por la primera que se hizo en esta tierra bastaba para darle memoria,
cuando el autor no la tuviera como la tiene ganada por haber sido
quien fué. El primer libro que en este nuevo mundo se escribió y
la primera cosa en que se ejercitó la imprenta en esta tierra, fué obra
suya. Dábaseles á los novicios un libro de S. Juan Climaco, y como
no los hubiese en romance mandaronle que lo tradujese de latin.
Hizolo asi con presteza y elegancia, por ser muy buen latino y romancista,
y fué su libro el primero que se imprimió por Juan Pablos,
primer impresor que á esta tierra vino. Bien se muestra la devocion
de Sto. Domingo de Mexico en que un hijo suyo haya sido el primero
que en este nuevo mundo imprimiese, y cosa tan devota como la Escala
espiritual de San Juan Climaco."

"Being in the house of the novices, he did a thing, which, being
first done by him in this country, was enough to give him fame, if
he had not otherwise gained it, as he has gained it, by being what
he was. The first book which in this new world was written, and
the first thing in which the art of printing was employed in this
land, was his work. There was usually given to the novices a book
of St. John Climacus, and as it did not exist in our language, [en
romance] he was ordered to translate it from the Latin. He did it
with quickness and elegance, for he was a good Latin and Spanish
scholar; and his book was the first which was printed by John
Pablos, the first printer who came to this country. It shows well
the devotion of [the Province of] San Domingo, of Mexico, that
one of her sons was the first who printed in this new world, and
that he printed so devout a work as the Spiritual Ladder of St.
John Climacus."

The next writer who refers to this early translation of Climacus
is Fr. Alonzo Fernandez, in his Historia Ecclesiastica de Nuestros
Tiempos." Toledo, 1611, folio. Speaking of Fr. Juan de Estrada,
(page 122), he says: "Este padre imprimió) la traduccion que hizc

de San Juan Climaco, muy provechosa, etc. Este fué el primero
libro que se imprimió en Mexico, y fué año de mil y quinientos y
trienta y cinco."

"This Father printed the translation which he made of St. John
Climacus, very profitable, etc. This was the first book printed in
Mexico, and it was in the year 1535."

The next authority is found in the Teatro Eclesiastico de la
primitiva Iglesia de las Indias Occidentales by Gil Gonzales Davila,
Madrid, 1649, folio, page 23. He says "En el año de mil y quinientos
y trienta y dos el Virey D. Antonio de Mendoza llevó la imprenta
á Mexico. El primer impresor fué Juan Pablos: y el primer
libro que se imprimió en el Nuevo Mundo, fué el que escribió S.
Juan Climaco con el titulo de Escala espiritual para llegar al cielo,
traducido del latin al castellano, por el V. P. Fr. Juan de la Magdalena,
religioso dominico."

In the year 1532, the Viceroy D. Antonio de Mendoza carried
printing to Mexico. The first printer was Juan Pablos, and the
first book printed in the new world was that written by St. John
Climacus, entitled Spiritual Ladder to ascend to Heaven. Translated
from the Latin into the Castilian by the Ven. P. Fr. Juan de
la Magdelena, Dominican Religious."

These three writers who refer to the "translation of the Spiritual
Ladder " of Climacus, agree except in the date. They all state that
it was the first book printed in Mexico; and two of them add that
Juan Pablos was the printer. Davila, the last author mentioned,
says the translation was made by Juan de la Magdalena, while Padilla
and Fernandez say that Juan de Estrada was the translator.
These names refer to the same person, "Magdalena being the cloister
name of Estrada.[1] The date of 1532 given by Gonzales Davila is
evidently wrong. He says Mendoza carried printing to Mexico in
1532; whereas it is a well known fact that Mendoza was appointed
viceroy in April 1535, and did not arrive in Mexico until the middle
of October, of the same year. (See Dic. Universal de Hist. y de
Geog., tom. v, p. 240, article Mendoza). Brunet notices the same
discrepancy in the date of Mendoza's arrival. He does not however

refer to the work of Fernandez, and says the epoch of the introduction
of printing in the new world remains to be fixed. The true
date of Mendoza's arrival in Mexico being 1535, the date corresponds
with that given by Alonzo Fernandez for the introduction of
printing, and with the time when Estrada made his profession after
one year's novitiate, during which time he is said to have made his
translation.

It seems that no copy of the Spiritual Ladder has ever been seen
in recent times, and the quoted testimonials are the only ones yet
found which refer to it. The disappearance of this book in more
than three hundred years after its publication is by no means surprising,
for a work of its kind, of which, as Mr. Icazbalceta remarks,
[being intended for the use of the novices,] but a small number was
probably printed. These, perhaps, were never circulated outside
the convent, but used up as school books generally are, sooner than
any other class.

D. Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta, of the city of Mexico, has carefully
examined the subject of Mexican typography, and published the
results in an elaborate article in the Diccionario Universal de Historia
y de Geografia. Tom. v. Mexico. 1854. Folio. page 961.
This learned writer gives a list of books printed in Mexico prior to
1600, and the places where copies still exist. We quote the titles of
those printed before the year 1544, the date of the Doctrina Christiana
hitherto supposed to be the first book printed in America.[2]

1.

• Manual de Adultos, of which only the last leaves have been
  saved, bearing the following termination: "Imprimiose este Manual
  de Adultos en la gran ciudad de Mexico par mandado de los Rev.
  Señores Obispos de la Nueva España y á sus expensas: en casa de
  Juan Cromberger. Año del nacimiento de nuestro Señor Jesu
  Christo de mill y quinientos y quarenta. A xiij dias del mes de
  Deziembre." 4to. Gothic Letter. [1540.][3]

  The above description was furnished Señor lcazbalceta by D.
  Francisco Gonzalez de Vera, of Madrid.

  ---

  369

  
  
  

  Doctrina Christiana, etc. Mexico. No date.

  This volume, unknown to bibliographers, was found by Mr. Harrisse
  in the Provincial Library at Toledo. It is described by him
  in his Additions to his Bibliotheca Americana Vetustissima, and for
  reasons there given, placed under the date of 1540.

2.

• "Relacion del espantable terremoto, que agora nuevamenta ha
  acontecido en la cibdad de Guatemala: es cosa de grande admiracion
  y de grande ejemplo para que todos nos emendemos de nuestros
  pecados y estemos aprescividos para quando Dios fuere servido de nos
  llamar." At the end "Fué impresa en la gran ciudad de Mexico en
  casa de Juan Cromberger año mill y quinientos y quarenta y uno."
  4to. 4 leaves. Gothic letter. [1541.]

  Description furnished by Don Francisco Gonzalez de Vera of
  Madrid.

3.

• "Doctrina breve muy provechosa de las cosas que pertenecen
  á la fe catholica y a nuestra cristiandad en estilo llano para comun
  inteligencia. Compuesto por el Rev. P. don fray Juan Zumarraga,
  primer obispo de Mexico, del consejo de su magestad. Impressa en
  la misma ciudad de Mexico por su mandado y á su costa. Año de
  Mdxliij. [1543] 4to. Gothic letter. Title 1543, colophon 1544.

  In the possession of Senor Icazbalceta, of Mexico.

4.

• "Este es un compendio breve que tracta de la manera de como
  se han de hazer las processiones: compuesto por Dionisio Richel cartuxano
  : que esta en latin en la primera parte de sus preciosos opusculos:
  romanzado para comun utilidad."

  At the end: "Se imprimió en esta gran ciudad de Tenuchtitlan
  Mexico de esta nueva España por mandado del muy reverendo señor
  don Fray Juan Zumarraga: primer obispo de la misma ciudad. ....
  En casa de Juan Cromberger. Año de M.D.xliiij." [1544] 4to.
  Gothic letter.

  In the possession of Senor Icazbalceta, of Mexico.

5.

• "Este es un compendio "etc., (the same as the previous work).
  At the end, "Aqui se acaba este breve compendio de Dionysio cartuxano
  : con la adicion de los argumentos con sus respuestas, etc.,
  que tracta de lo que es mandado y vedado en las processiones: en
  especial en la de Corpus Christi, por cuya causa se romanzo. Impresso
  

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  370

  
  
  
  en Mexico per mandado de s. obispo don fray Juan Zumarraga
  : en casa de Juan Cromberger. 4to. Gothic letter.

  In the library of the Convent de San Cosme. An edition, Mr.
  Icazbalceta says, very different and fuller than the one previously
  mentioned. Mr. I. does not give the date of this work, but from
  his placing it with the publications of 1544, this very careful and
  reliable author doubtless had authority in the book itself for so
  doing.

6.

• "Tripartito del Christianissimo y consolatorio doctor Juan
  Gerson de doctrina Christiana: a cualquiera muy provechosa. Traduzido
  de latin en lengua Castellana para el bien de muchos necessario.
  Impresso en Mexico: en casa de Juan Cromberger. Por
  mandado y á costa del R. S. Obispo de la misma ciudad F. Juan
  Zumarraga. Revisto y examinado por sa mandado. Año de M.D.xliiij."
  [1544] 4to. Gothic letter.

  In the possession of Senor lcazbalceta.

7.

• "Doctrina Christiana para instruccion é informacion de los
  Indios, por manera de hystoria. Compuesta por el muy reverendo
  padre fray Pedro de Cordova, de buena memoria primero fundador
  de la orden de los Predicadores en las yslas del mar Oceano: y
  por otros religiosos doctos de la misma orden.... La qual fué empressa
  en Mexico por mandada del muy R. S. don fray Juan Zumarraga
  primer Obispo desta ciudad: del consejo de su Majestad
  &c. y a su costa. Año de M.dxliiij." [1544.]

  At the end: "Impressa en la grande y mas leal ciudad de Mexico:
  en casa de Juan Cromberger: que santa gloria aya a costa del dicho
  señor obispo," etc. A cabose de imprimir Año de M.d.xliiij." [1544]
  4to. Gothic letter.

  Copies are in the possession of Senor Icazbalceta, of Mexico, and
  of Mr. John Carter Brown, of Providence, R. I.

  The same doubt which exists as to the first printed book, exists also
  in regard to the first printer. In 1540, we find a book, the Manual
  Adultos before referred to, issued from the press of Juan Cromberger,
  in the city of Mexico. This Cromberger was a celebrated printer in
  Seville. Other known works bear his imprint with the dates of 1541
  and 1544 in Mexico. Before and during the same years, books bearing
  Cromberger's imprint at Seville also appeared, several of them
  

  ---

  371

  
  
  
  (for example the Onzeno de Amadis, 1546, and as early as 1541,
  Sepulveda's Dialogo llamado Democrates) followed by a remark
  indicating that he was deceased, viz.: "que santa gloria haya," and
  "difunto que Dios haya." The printing may have been carried on
  by his family after his death, as was often the case with eminent
  printers. The Regla Christiana breve, printed in Mexico in 1547,
  4to, Gothic letter, has no printer's name; while the Doctrina
  Christiana en lengua Española y Mexicana," printed in 1550, bears
  the name of Juan Pablos as printer, the same one who is said to
  have printed the Escala Espiritual, and who calls himself the first
  printer in the new world, at the end of a book printed by him in
  Mexico, in 1556, folio, Gothic letter, entitled Constitutiones del
  arzobispado y provincia de la muy insignc y muy leal ciudad de
  Tenuchtitlan, Mexico, de la Nueva Espana.

  Mr. Icazbalceta, in his article before referred to, from which we
  have quoted these titles, makes a very happy conjecture by which
  the apparent contradiction seems removed. He suggests that Juan
  Pablos may have been at Seville in the employ of Cromberger, who
  was charged by Mendoza with the establishment of a printing press
  in the city of Mexico, and who sent Juan Pablos over to conduct the
  business in the name and for the benefit of his master. That after
  the death of Cromberger, Pablos became the owner of the establishment,
  and was in this way, although not the first owner of a printing
  press, nevertheless entitled to the honor of calling himself the first
  printer in Mexico.

  Although we know of no book with a date as early as that attributed
  to the translation of Climacus, it remains for us to note two
  other works of this period which we find mentioned. Gil Gonzales
  Davila, already quoted, says on page 7 of his Theatro Ecclesiastico,
  "El primer Catechismo que se imprimió en Lengua Mexicana, para
  enseñanza de los Indios le escrivió el M. F. Juan Ramires, Religioso
  Dominico, en el año 1537, que despues fué dignissimo Obispo de
  la Santa Iglesia de Guatemala."

  Nicholas Antonio, vol. I, p. 765, Madrid ed., mentions only as
  written by Juan Ramirez Advertencia sobre el servicio personal,
  etc., and Campo Florido, ejemplos para exhortar a la virtud, etc.
  Alonzo Fernandes, in his Historia Ecclesiastica le Nuestros Tiempos.
  

  ---

  372

  
  
  
  Toledo, 1611, folio, where he speaks of the Dominicans who had
  written and printed religious books for the instruction of the Indians,
  mentions F. Juan Ramirez having written "Un libro copiosissimo
  de ejemplos para exhortar a toda virtud," etc. Fr: Augustin Davila
  Padilla, before cited, mentions only the Exemplos para exhortar,
  etc.

8.

• Cancionero Spiritual en que de contierien obvas muy provechosas
  y edificantes, etc. Mexico. 1546. Juan Pablos.

  [From Sr. Pascqual de Gayangos, Spanish translator of Tickncr's
  Hist. of Spanish Literature.]

9.

• A de Mendoza, Orderanzas, etc. Mexico. 1548. Folio. Juan
  Pablos. [Harrisse.]

Antonio de Leon does not mention our author, but Don Antonio
de Alcedo y Bexarano, in his Biblioteca Americana, 1807, Ms. 2
vols. folio (copy in the possession of Mr. John Carter Brown), attributes
to him the following: Catecismo en lengua Mexicana para
instruir à los Indios en la Religion Christiana, Mexico, 1594, 4to.

The actual existence of this catechism of Ramirez we find no
where shown. Gonzales Davilla's assertion that it was the first
catechism printed in the Mexican language, and the date of 1537
given by the same on page 7, does not interfere with his statement
on page 23, as already quoted. We have seen that the date of
1532 has to be changed to 1535, when, according to his assertion,
printing was introduced into the new world. The year given by
Alcedo may be either a mistake, or it may refer to a later edition.

There is yet another statement about a pretended first print of the
Mexican press. C. Falkenstein, in his Geschichte der Buch druckerkunst,
Leipzig, 1840, 4to, p. 329, says that "Girolamo Paolo Lombardo
of Brescia, had been called by the Viceroy Mendoza to Mexico,
in order to print the ordinationes legumque collectiones pro convento
juridico Mexicano, and that this work, a folio, published in
1549, may be considered as the first American print. He names
Gonzales for authority; and part of his quotation answers perfectly
to the above extract from Gonzales Davila. But we have not
found the given title, year and size in the Teatro Eclesiastico, nor
any other reference to such a work. Antonio de Leon, in his

Epitome says, that the Licenciado Antonio Maldonado was the first
to undertake a Reportorio de las Cedulas, Provisiones, y Ordenancas
Reales, for which work he was authorized by a royal decree issued
in the year 1556. It is not known that he ever finished it. Antonio
de Leon further says, Dr. Vasco de Puga carried out the same
plan in his work entitled Provisiones Cedulas Instrucciones de su
Majestad, etc. Mexico; en casa de Pedro Ocharte, 1563. Folio.
Black letter. This book exists, but neither in the royal decree
ordering the viceroy to have such a collection made, nor in the
author's preface is found any indication that an earlier work of the
same character was known at the time. Nicholas Antonio does not
furnish any additional light as to the first law collections of New
Spain. He did not even know of the Cedulario of Puga.

A List of Books Printed in Mexico between the Years
1540 and 1600 inclusive.

1540.

• Manual de Adultos, [of which only the last leaves are known,
  bearing the following termination:] Imprimiose este Manual de
  Adultos en la gran ciudad de Mexico por mandado do los Rev.
  Señores Obispos de la Nueva España y a sus expensas: en casa de
  Juan Cromberger. Año del nacimiento de nuestro Señor Jesu
  Christo de mil y quinientos y quarenta. A xiij dias del mes de
  Deziembre. 4to. Gothic letter.

1540.

• Dortrina Christiana. [No date] assigned to this year
  by Harrisse.

1541.

• Relacion del espantable terremoto, que agora nuevamenta
  ha acontecido en la cibdad de Guatemala, etc. Mexico. Juan Cromberger.
  4to. Gothic letter.

*1543.

• Juan Zumarraga. Doctrina breve uruy provechosa delas
  cosas que pertenecen á la fé catholica y a nuestra cristiandad en
  estilo llano para comun inteligencia. Mexico. Juan Cromberger. 4to.
  Gothic letter. (Catalogue Andrade, No. 2369.)

1544.

• Dionisio Richel. Este es un compendio breue que tracta
  de la manera de como se han de hacer las procesiones, etc. Mexico:
  Juan Cromberger. 4to. Gothic letter. (Catalogue Andrade, No.2667.)

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374





1544.

• Dionisio Richel. Este es un compendio, etc. Another
  edition of the same work. Mexico: Juan Cromberger [without
  date] 4to. Gothic letter. (Catalogue Andrade, No. 2666,) this edition
  is placed by Mr. Icazbalceta among the publications of 1544.

*1544.

• Juan Gerson. Tripartito del christianissimo y consolatorio
  doctor Juan Gerson de doctrina Christiana: a cualquiera muy
  provechosa, etc. Mexico: Juan Cromberger. 4to. Gothic letter.
  (Catalogue Andrade, No. 2477.)

†1544.

• Pedro de Cordova. Doctrina Christiana por instruccion
  é informacion de los Indios: por manera de historia, etc. Mexico:
  Juan Cromberger. 4to. Gothic letter.

1546.

• Juan Çumarraga. Doctrina cristiána: mas cierta y verdadera
  pa gete sin erudicio y tetras. Mexico, [no printer's name.]
  4to. Gothic letter. (Catalogue Andrade, No. 2370.)

1546.

• Cancionero Spiritual en que de contierien obvras muy provechosas
  y edificantes, etc. Mexico. 1546. Juan Pablos.

  [From Sr. Pasequal de Gayangos, Spanish translator of Tickner's
  Hist. of Spanish Literature.]

1547.

• Regla Christiana breue: p ordenar la vida y tpo d'l xpiano
  q. se qere saluar y tener su alma dispuesta: pa q. Jesu xpo more
  en ella. Mexico: [no printer's name.] 4to. Gothic letter. (Catalogue
  Andrade, No. 2658.)

1548.

• Ordenanzas de Antonio de Mendoza. Folio. Juan Pablos
  (Haraisse).

*1548.

• Doctrina en Mexicano. Mexico: Juan Pablos. 4to.
  Gothic letter.

  This is said by Mr. Icazbalceta to be the earliest book known,
  printed in an aboriginal language of America.

1549.

• F. Bravo De Orsuna. Opera Medicinalia. Mexico: 4to.

*1550.

• Doctrina christiana en lengua Española y Mexicana.
  Mexico: Juan Pablos. 4to. Gothic letter.

*1553.

• Pedro de Gante. Doctrina cristiana en lengua Mexicana.
  Mexico: Juan Pablos. 8vo.

1554.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Recognitio Summularum. Mexico.
  Folio.

1554.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Dialectica Resolutio. Mexico.

  Folio.

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375





1554.

• F. Cervantes Salazar. Dialogi. Mexico: 8vo.

*1555.

• Alonzo de Molina. Vocabulario mexicano. Mexico:
  Juan Pablos. 4to.

1556.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Speculum conjugiorum. Mexico.
  Juan Pablos. 4to.

1556.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Constituciones del arzobispado de
  Mexico. Mexico. Fol.

1556.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Ordinarium sacri ordinis hœremitarum.
  Mexico. 4to.

1556.

• Francisco Marroquin. Doctrina Christiana en lengua
  Utlatleca. Mexico. 4to. (Remesal, Hist. de Chiapas, lib. III, cap.
  vii, Ternaux, No. 98.)

1556.

• Freyre. Sumario de las quentas de plata y oro en los reynos
  del Pirá. Mexico. 8vo. (Ternaux, No. 73).

1557.

• Alph. A. Veracruce. Physica speculatio, Mexico. Folio.

*1558.

• Maturino Gilberti. Arte en lengua de Mechoacan:
  Mexico. Juan Pablos. 8vo. Italics.

*1559.

• Maturino Gilberti. Dialogo de doctrina christiana en
  lengua de Mechuacan. Mexico. Juan Pablos Bressano. 4to.
  Gothic letter.

*1559.

• Maturino Gilberti. Vocabulario en lengua de Mechuacan.
  Mexico. Juan Pablos Bressano.

1559.

• Maturino Gilberti. Grammatica latina. Mexico. 8vo.

1559.

• A. de la Vera Cruz. Carta [without date]. Mexico.
  Folio.

1560.

• Andres de Olmos. Grammatica et Lexicon Linguæ Mexicanæ.
  Totonaquæ et Huastecæ. Mexico. 2 vols. 4to. (Squier's
  Monograph of Authors on the Languages of Central America, p.
  38).

†1560.

• Manual para administrar los sacramentos. Mexico. 4to.

†1560.

• Francisco de Cepeda. Arte de las lenguas Chiapa, Zoque,
  celdales y cinacanteca. Mexico. 4to.

1561.

• Missale Romanum. Mexico. Folio.

†1563.

• Vasco de Puga. Provisiones, cédulas, instrucciones de su
  Majestad, para la buena expedicion de los negocios y administracion
  de justicia, y governacion desta Nueva España etc. Mexico. Pedro
  Ocharte. Folio.

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376





1565.

• Catalogus Patrum Concilii Tridentini. [without date].
  Mexico. 4to.

†1565

• Alonzo de Molina. Confessionario mayor en lengua
  Mexicana y Castellaña. Mexico. Antonio de Espinosa. 4to.

†1565.

• Alonzo de Molina. Confessionario breue en lengua Mexicana
  y Castellana. Mexico. Antonio de Espinosa. 4to.

1565.

• Domingo de La Anunciacion. Doctrina christiana en Castellano
  y Mexicano. Mexico. Pedro Ocharte. 4to. (Ternaux, No.
  93. Bibliotheca Americana, Le Clerk, No. 467).

1566.

• B. A. Ledesma. De Septem novæ legis sacramentis. Mexco:
  4to. (Rich's Bib. Americana Vetus, No. 46).

1567.

• Reglas y constituciones de la Confradia de los juramentos.
  Mexico. Folio [one leaf].

†1567.

• Pedro de Feria. Doctrina christiana en lengua Castellana
  y Capoteca. Mexico: Pedro Ocharte. 4to.

1567.

• Instituta ordinis Beati Francisci. Mexico. 4to.

*1567.

• Benito Fernandez. Doctrina en lengua Mixteca. Mexico.
  Pedro Ocharte. 4to. Gothic letter.

*1568.

• Benito Fernandez. Another edition of the same work.
  Mexico. Pedro Ocharte, 4to.

1568.

• Manual para administrar los sacramentos. Mexico. 4to.

†1571.

• Alonzo de Molina. Arte de la lengua Mexicana y Castellana.
  Mexico. Pedro Ocharte. 12mo. Gothic letter.

†1571.

• Alonzo De Molina. Vocabulario en lengua Mexicana y
  Castellana. Mexico. Antonio de Spinosa. Folio.

†1571.

• Alonzo de Molina. Vocabulario en Castellana y Mexicana.
  Mexico. Antonio de Spinosa. Folio.

1573.

• P. de Agurto. Tratado de que se deben administrar los
  sacramentos á los indios. Mexico. 8vo.

*1574.

• J. B. de Laguna. Arte y Dictionario en lengua Michoacana.
  Mexico. Pedro Balli. 8vo.

1574.

• Ordenanzas sobre alcabalas. Mexico. Folio.

*1575.

• Maturino Gilberti. Tesoro spiritual de pobres en lengua
  de Michuacan. Mexico. Antonio de Spinosa. 8vo.

*1575.

• J. de la Anunciacion. Doctrina christiana muy complida
  (en Castillana y Mexicana). Mexico. Pedro Balli. 4to.

---

377





1575.

• S. J. E. Buenaventura. Misteca Theologia. Mexico.
  8vo.

†1576.

• Alonzo De Molina. Arte de la lengua Mexicana y Castellana.
  Mexico. Pedro Balli. 8vo.

*1576.

• M. de Vargas. Doctrina Christiana en Castellano,
  Mexicano, y Otomi. Mexico. Pedro Balli. 4to.

*1577.

• J. Medina. Doctrinalis fidei in Mechuacanensium indorum
  lingua. Mexico. Ant. Ricardo. Folio.

*1577.

• J. de La Anunciacion. Sermonario en lengua Mexicana.
  Mexico. Antonio Ricardo. 4to.

1577.

• Commentario á la logica de Aristotles. Mexico. 8vo.

1577.

• Ovidii Nasonis tam de tristibus. Mexico. 8vo.

1577.

• Omnia Domini Andreæ Alciati Emblemata. Mexico. 8vo.

*1578.

• Alonzo De Molina. Confessionario Mayor en la lengua
  Mexicana y Castellana. Mexico. Pedro Balli. 4to.

*1578.

• Alonzo De Molina. Doctrina christiana en lengua Mexicana.
  Mexico. Pedro Orcharte. 8vo.

*1578.

• J. De Cordova. Arte en lengua Zapoteca. Mexico.
  Pedro Balli. 8vo.

1579.

• Ceremonial y rubricas general con la orden de celebrar las
  mismas. Mexico. 8vo.

1579.

• Instruccion y arte para regular el oficio divino. Mexico.
  8vo.

*1580.

• Barth. Roldan. Cartilla y doctrina Christiana breve, en
  la lengua Chuchona. Mexico. Pedro Ocharte. 4to.

*1582.

• J. De Gaona. Coloquio de la paz y tranquilidad, en lengua
  Mexicana. Mexico. Pedro O charte. 8vo. (Ternaux, No. 155.)

1583.

• Garcia Del Palacio. Dialogos militares de la formacion
  é informacion de personas, instrumentos y cosas necessarias para el
  uso de la guerra. Mexico. Pedro Ocharte. 4to.

1583.

• Forma breve administrar ap. Indios S. Baptismi Sacramentum.
  Mexico. 8vo.

*1585.

• Bern. De Sahagun. Psalmodia Xpiana y Sermonario de
  los Santos del año, etc. Mexico. Pedro Ocharte. 4to.

1585.

• Estatutos general de Barcelona. Mexico. 4to.

---

378





1587.

• Garcia De Palacio. Instruccion nautica para el buen uso
  y regimiento de las Naos su traza y gobierno, conforme á la altura
  de Méjico. Mexico. 4to. (Ternaux, No. 167.)

1587.

• Constitutiones ordin. fratr. cremit. S. Aug. Mexico. 8vo.

1589.

• Forma y modo de fundar las cofradias del cordon de S. Fr.
  Mexico. 8vo.

1592.

• Ag. Farfan. Tratado breve de Medecina. Mexico. 4to.

1593.

• Geronimo De Ore. Symbolo Catholico Indiano. Mexico.
  (Ternaux, No. 224.)

1593.

• J. Guiona. Colloquios en lengua Mexicana. Mexico.
  (Ternaux, No. 190.)

*1593.

• Ant. Delos Reyes. Arte en lengua Mixteca. Mexico.
  Pedro Balli. 8vo. (Ternaux, No. 189.)

*1593.

• Francisco De Alvarado. Vocabulario en lengua Misteca.
  Mexico. Pedro Balli. 4to.

1594.

• J. E., De Buenaventura. Misteca Theologia. Mexico.
  8vo.

1595.

• Regla de los frailes menores. Mexico. 4to.

*1595.

• Antonio Del Rincon. Arte de la lengua Mexicana.
  Mexico. Pedro Balli. 8vo. (Antonio. Bib. Hispan. Nova, tom.
  I, p. 158.)

1595.

• Fundacion e Indulgencias de la orden de la merced. Mexico.
  8vo.

1598.

• Antonio De Rincon. Arte de la lengua Mexicana. Mexico.
  12mo., second edition. (Ternaux, No. 225.)

*1599.

• Juan Baptista. Confessionario en lengua Mexicana y
  Castellana. Mexico: en el convento de Santiago Tlatilulco.
  Melch. Orcharte, 2 vols. in 1.

1599.

• Juan Baptista. Hvehvetlahtolli. Mexico. 12mo.

  [This is probably the work noticed by Ternaux, No. 253 as
  " Platicas morales de los Indios para la doctrina de sas hijos, en
  lengua Mexicana intitulade huehuetlatolli." The copy described,
  which is the only one known, is without the title page, but on its
  back bears the date of 1599. Beristain gives the date of 1601.]

1599.

• Juan Baptista. Platicas antiquas que en la excellentissima
  lengua Nahuatl enmendo y crecento. Mexico 8vo. (Ternaux,
  No. 234.)

---

379





1599.

• Juan Baptista. Compendio en las Excelsias, de la Bulla
  de la Sancta Cruzada, en lengua Mexicana. Mexico. Enrico Martinez.
  8vo. (Catalogue of Mexican books sold by Puttick and
  Simson. London, 1869. No. 151.)

*1600.

• Juan Baptista. Advertencias para los confessores de
  los naturales. Mexico. M. Ocharte. 8vo.

†1600.

• Relacion Historiada de las Exequias Funerales de Felipe II.
  Mexico. Pedro Balli. 4to.

As there may be doubts of the existence of some of the books, the titles
of which are given above, it has been deemed best to state where they
are to be found, or upon whose authority they have been placed in this
list. Those marked thus * have been seen by Señor Icazbalceta, of
Mexico and Dr. C. H. Berendt. Those marked thus † are in the collection
of Mr. John Carter Brown, Providence. The authorities for many of
the others are Ternaux, Rich, and others as stated; the remaining are
taken from Mr. Harrisse's Bibliotheca Americana Vetustissima.

Books Printed in Peru Before the Year 1600.

1584.

• Doctrina Christiana (en Quichua y Aymara) En la ciudad
  de los Reyes. (Lima). Antonio Ricardo. 4to. (Brunet, vol.
  II, col. 780). Le Clerc, Bib. Americana, No. 462.

1585.

• Confessionario para los curas de Indios con la instruccion
  contra sus ritos traducido en las lenguas Quichua y Aymara. Lima.
  Ant. Ricardo. 4to.

†1585.

• Tercero Catechismo y exposicion de la Doctrina Christiana,
  por Sermones. Para los coras y otros ministros prediquen y enseñen
  a los Indios. En la ciudad de los Reyes. Ant. Ricardo. 4to.

1586.

• Vocabulario en la lengua general del Peru y en lengua Española.
  Lima. Small 8vo. (Ternaux, No. 164).

1594.

• Ordenanzas que mando hacer D. Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza,
  para remedio de los excesos que los corregidores de los naturales
  

  ---

  380

  
  
  
  hacero entratar y contractar con los Indios. Lima. Foio.
  (Ternaux, No. 192).

1596.

• Pedro De Oña . Primera parte de Arauco domado. Impreso
  en la ciudad de los Reyes por Ant. Ricardo de Turin. 4to.
  (Ternaux, No. 201).

1599.

• Pedro de Oña. Tremblor de Lima del año 1599. Poema.
  Lima. (Ternaux, No. 230).

† In the library of Mr. John Carter Brown, Providence.