University of Virginia Library

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I
EDUCATION AS A NECESSITY OF LIFE:

• Renewal of Life by Transmission .................... 1

• Education and Communication .................... 4

• The Place of Formal Education .................... 7

• Summary .................... 11

CHAPTER II
EDUCATION AS A SOCIAL FUNCTION:

• The Nature and Meaning of Environment .................... 12

• The Social Environment .................... 14

• The Social Medium as Educative .................... 19

• The School as a Special Environment .................... 22

• Summary .................... 26

CHAPTER III
EDUCATION AS DIRECTION:

• The Environment as Directive .................... 28

• Modes of Social Direction .................... 31

• Imitation and Social Psychology .................... 40

• Some Applications to Education .................... 43

• Summary .................... 47

CHAPTER IV
EDUCATION AS GROWTH:

• The Conditions of Growth .................... 49

• Habits as Expressions of Growth .................... 54

• The Educational Bearings of the Conception of Development .................... 59

• Summary .................... 62

CHAPTER V
PREPARATION, UNFOLDING, AND FORMAL DISCIPLINE:

• Education as Preparation .................... 63

• Education as Unfolding .................... 65

• Education as Training of Faculties .................... 70

• Summary .................... 79

CHAPTER VIV
EDUCATION AS CONSERVATIVE AND PROGRESSIVE:

• Education as Formation .................... 81

• Education as Recapitulation and Retrospection .................... 84

• Education as Reconstruction .................... 89

• Summary .................... 92

CHAPTER VII
THE DEMOCRATIC CONCEPTION IN EDUCATION:

• The Implications of Human Association .................... 94

• The Democratic Ideal .................... lOO

• The Platonic Educational Philosophy .................... 102

• The "Individualistic" Ideal of the Eighteenth Century .................... 106

• Education as National and as Social .................... 108

• Summary .................... 115

CHAPTER VIII
AIMS IN EDUCATION:

• The Nature of an Aim .................... 117

• The Criteria of Good Aims .................... 121

• Applications in Education .................... 124

• Summary .................... 129

CHAPTER IX
NATURAL DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL EFFICIENCY AS AIMS:

• Nature as Supplying the Aim .................... 130

• Social Efficiency as Aim .................... 138

• Culture as Aim .................... 142

• Summary .................... 144

CHAPTER X
INTEREST AND DISCIPLINE:

• The Meaning of the Terms .................... 146

• The Importance of the Idea of Interest in Education .................... 152

• Some Social Aspects of the Question .................... 155

• Summary .................... 161

CHAPTER XI
EXPERIENCE AND THINKING:

• The Nature of Experience .................... 163

• Reflection in Experience .................... 169

• Summary .................... 177

CHAPTER XII
THINKING IN EDUCATION:

• The Essentials of Method .................... 179

• Summary .................... 192

CHAPTER XIII
THE NATURE OF METHOD:

• The Unity of Subject Matter and Method .................... 193

• Method as General and as Individual .................... 200

• The Traits of Individual Method .................... 203

• Summary .................... 211

CHAPTER XIV
THE NATURE OF SUBJECT MATTER:

• Subject Matter of Educator and of Learner .................... 212

• The Development of Subject Matter in the Learner .................... 216

• Science or Rationalized Knowledge .................... 221

• Subject Matter as Social .................... 224

• Summary .................... 226

CHAPTER XV
PLAY AND WORK IN THE CURRICULUM:

• The Place of Active Occupations in Education .................... 228

• Available Occupations .................... 230

• Work and Play .................... 237

• Summary .................... 241

CHAPTER XVI
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY:

• Extension of Meaning of Primary Activities .................... 243

• The Complementary Nature of History and Geography .................... 246

• History and Present Social Life .................... 250

• Summary .................... 255

CHAPTER XVII
SCIENCE IN THE COURSE OF STUDY:

• The Logical and the Psychological .................... 256

• Science and Social Progress .................... 261

• Naturalism and Humanism in Education .................... 267

• Summary .................... 269

CHAPTER XVIII
EDUCATIONAL VALUES:

• The Nature of Realization or Appreciation .................... 271

• The Valuation of Studies .................... 279

• The Segregation and Organization of Values .................... 285

• Summary .................... 291

CHAPTER XIX
LABOR AND LEISURE:

• The Origin of the Opposition .................... 293

• The Present Situation .................... 298

• Summary .................... 305

CHAPTER XX
INTELLECTUAL AND PRACTICAL STUDIES:

• The Opposition of Experience and True Knowledge .................... 306

• The Modern Theory of Experience and Knowledge .................... 311

• Experience as Experimentation .................... 317

• Summary .................... 322

CHAPTER XXI
PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL STUDIES: NATURALISM AND HUMANISM:

• The Historic Background of Humanistic Study .................... 324

• The Modern Scientific Interest in Nature .................... 328

• The Present Educational Problem .................... 333

• Summary .................... 338

CHAPTER XXII
THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE WORLD:

• Mind as Purely Individual .................... 340

• Individual Mind as the Agent of Reorganization .................... 343

• Educational Equivalents .................... 351

• Summary .................... 356

CHAPTER XXIIIL
VOCATIONAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATION:

• The Meaning of Vocation .................... 358

• The Place of Vocational Aims in Education .................... 360

• Present Opportunities and Dangers .................... 364

• Summary .................... 373

CHAPTER XXIV
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION:

• A Critical Review .................... 375

• The Nature of Philosophy .................... 378

• Summary .................... 387

CHAPTER XXV
THEORIES OF KNOWLEDGE:

• Continuity versus Dualism .................... 388

• Schools of Method .................... 395

• Summary .................... 400

CHAPTER XXVI
THEORIES OF MORALS:

• The Inner and Outer .................... 402

• The Opposition of Duty and Interest .................... 407

• Intelligence and Character .................... 410

• The Social and the Moral .................... 414

• Summary .................... 418