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The code of the city of Charlottesville, Virginia, 1945 :

the charter of the city and the general ordinances of the city ; enacted as a whole April 16, 1945, effective May 1, 1945
  
LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
  
[title page]
  
[section]
  
Preface
  
Table of Contents

collapse sectionI. 
DIVISION I.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Enactment.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Boundaries—Corporate status.
 2½. 
Sec. 2½. Same—University of Virginia excluded.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Wards.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Elective officers; qualifications; terms; form of government; corporate powers vested in council; salaries of councilmen and mayor; city manager.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Officers and clerks elected by council.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Oaths of office and qualification of officers; failure to qualify.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Vacancy in office of mayor or councilmen.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Council—President and vice-president.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Quorum.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Same—President and vice-president entitled to vote.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Authority generally; meetings; journal of proceedings; general ordinance book; inspection of documents and papers.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Minutes.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Powers enumerated.
 13½. 
Sec. 13½. Same—Borrowing in anticipation of taxes; evidences of debt; interest.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Special assessments for local improvements.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Enactment of ordinances, etc.; punishment for violation; enjoining violation; use of county jail; appeal to corporation court.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Conservators of the peace.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Budget; levy of taxes.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Tax levy; persons and property liable; amount; additional taxation.
 18½. 
Sec. 18½. Appropriations for advertising city.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Licenses and license taxes; regulation of vehicles for hire.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Collection of revenue; custodian of city funds.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Reports of treasurer; publishing.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Refunding bonds.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Sinking fund.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Loans and bonds; debt limitation; bond elections.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Sale of public utilities; approval by voters.
 26. 
Sec. 26. City sergeant.
 26½. 
Sec. 26½. Jailor; deputy jailors.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Authority of officers appointed by council.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Prohibition of immoral shows, etc.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Mayor.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Civil and police justice.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Salaries fixed by council.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Stated and special meetings of council.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Granting franchises.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Receipt and disbursement of moneys by treasurer.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Recovery against treasurer and sureties.
 36. 
Sec. 36.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Collection of fines.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Animals running at large.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Taking or damaging private property.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Encroachments upon streets.
 40½. 
Sec. 40½. Filing claim for damages condition precedent to action against city.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Continuance of rights, etc., of city; ordinances, etc.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Corporation court.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Water supply and sewerage system.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Elections.
 45. 
Sec. 45. County property within city limits; arbitration; school property in Charlottesville school district; Miller Manual Labor School.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Board of arbitrators; duties; awards.
 47. 
Sec. 47. Same person may hold county and city office.
 48. 
Sec. 48. When charter effective.
collapse sectionII. 
DIVISION II
collapse section1. 
CHAPTER 1.
 1. 
Sec. 1. How code designated and cited.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Rules of construction.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Constitutionality.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Catchlines of sections.
 5. 
Sec. 5. General penalty for violation of code.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Repeal of general ordinances in conflict herewith; saving clause.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Corporate seal.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Custodian.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Execution of deeds, contracts, etc.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Designation and boundaries of wards.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Election districts; voting places.
collapse section2. 
CHAPTER 2.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. Council.
 1. 
Part 1. In General.
 2. 
Part 2. Rules of Order and Procedure.
 3. 
Part 3. Ordinances, Resolutions, etc.
 4. 
Part 4. Clerk of Council.
 II. 
Article II. Mayor.
 III. 
Article III. City Manager.
collapse sectionIV. 
Article IV. City Treasurer.
 1. 
Part 1. In General.
 2. 
Part 2. Collection of Taxes, etc.
 V. 
Article V. Director of Finance.
 VI. 
Article VI. City Attorney.
 VII. 
Article VII. City Purchasing Agent.
 VIII. 
Article VIII. Attorney for the Commonwealth.
 IX. 
Article IX. Commissioner of Revenue.
 X. 
Article X. Sinking Fund Commission.
 XI. 
Article XI. Officers and Employees Generally.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. Council.
collapse section1. 
Part 1. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Powers, duties and responsibilities generally.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Members—Election; term.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Compensation.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Oaths of office, etc.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Meetings for organization.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Election of president and vice-president; president pro tempore; powers and duties generally.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Meetings—Regular meetings.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Special meetings; calling; business transacted.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—To be open; exception.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Quorum.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Absence of quorum; compelling attendance of absent members.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Punishing and expelling members.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Vacancies in office of mayor or councilman.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Disqualification of members for certain offices.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Appointment of committees.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Finance committee; powers and duties.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Witnesses before council, etc.; production of books and papers.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Annual and special appropriations.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Annual budget and levy.
collapse section2. 
Part 2. Rules of Order and Procedure.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Adoption and suspension.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Parliamentary rules; exceptions.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Duties of presiding officer.
 23. 
Sec. 23. President to decide questions of order; appeal of decision.
 24. 
Sec. 24. President to state questions and declare results.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Members—Withdrawing without leave.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Same—Conduct in addressing body.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Same—Order of recognition by the president.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Same—Number and length of speeches.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Same—How called to order.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Same—Conduct while sitting.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Non-members addressing council.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Communications to be in writing.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Motions, etc.—To be in writing; stating before discussing; withdrawing.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Same—Admitting under color of amendment.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Same—Order of procedure.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Same—To reconsider.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Same—When motion to adjourn in order.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Previous question—Motion for.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Same—How put.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Majority vote to govern unless otherwise provided.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Aye and no vote.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Dissent may be recorded.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Committees—Reports—When made.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Same—Same—Form.
 45. 
Sec. 45. Same—Meetings; chairman; quorum.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Calendar of unfinished business.
 47. 
Sec. 47. General order of business.
 48. 
Sec. 48. Special order of business.
 49. 
Sec. 49. Reconsidering or rescinding vote at special meetings.
 50. 
Sec. 50. Voting at elections.
 51. 
Sec. 51. Members failing to vote; disqualifications.
collapse section3. 
Part 3. Ordinances, Resolutions, etc.
 52. 
Sec. 52. Style of ordinances and resolutions.
 53. 
Sec. 53. Procedure in enacting general ordinances.
 54. 
Sec. 54. To be in writing.
 55. 
Sec. 55. Repealing and amending ordinances.
 56. 
Sec. 56. Filling blanks in certain ordinances.
 57. 
Sec. 57. Effective date.
 58. 
Sec. 58. Appropriating money and imposing taxes, etc.
 59. 
Sec. 59. Appropriating money in excess of annual appropriation.
 60. 
Sec. 60. Appropriating money for improvements outside city.
 61. 
Sec. 61. Granting aid to various associations, etc.
 62. 
Sec. 62. Disposition of public property; granting franchise.
collapse section4. 
Part 4. Clerk of Council.
 63. 
Sec. 63. Election; duties generally.
 64. 
Sec. 64. Keeping of books and documents; inspection and exhibition.
 65. 
Sec. 65. Furnishing officers with ordinances and resolutions; notifying certain persons of action by council.
 66. 
Sec. 66. Keeping calendar of petitions, etc., presented to council.
 67. 
Sec. 67. Keeping minute book and ordinance book; ordinances passed subsequent to adoption of code.
 68. 
Sec. 68. Giving notice of hearings on budget; publishing synopsis.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Mayor.
 69. 
Sec. 69. Powers and duties generally.
 70. 
Sec. 70. Suspension or removal of subordinate officers.
 71. 
Sec. 71. Prohibiting certain theatrical performances.
 72. 
Sec. 72. Removal from office.
 73. 
Sec. 73. Vacancies.
collapse sectionIII. 
Article III. City Manager.
 74. 
Sec. 74. Election; term; compensation; removal.
 75. 
Sec. 75. Powers and duties generally.
 76. 
Sec. 76. Creation, consolidation and abolition of departments.
 77. 
Sec. 77. Custody of city property.
 78. 
Sec. 78. Insuring city buildings.
 79. 
Sec. 79. Preparing and keeping maps and records.
 80. 
Sec. 80. Inspection of poles carrying wire; defective and dangerous poles.
collapse sectionIV. 
Article IV. City Treasurer.
collapse section1. 
Part 1. In General.
 81. 
Sec. 81. Election; term; oath.
 82. 
Sec. 82. Office.
 83. 
Sec. 83. Compensation.
 84. 
Sec. 84. Custodian of funds.
 85. 
Sec. 85. Custodian of bonds, notes, etc.
 86. 
Sec. 86. Books, stationery and equipment.
 87. 
Sec. 87. Record of receipts and disbursements.
 88. 
Sec. 88. Manner of making disbursements.
 89. 
Sec. 89. Records, etc., open to inspection by certain persons.
 90. 
Sec. 90. Placing funds on certificates of deposit, etc.
 91. 
Sec. 91. City depositories.
 92. 
Sec. 92. Receipt and disbursement of school funds.
 93. 
Sec. 93. Daily reports.
 94. 
Sec. 94. Withholding wages of officers and employees.
collapse section2. 
Part 2. Collection of Taxes, etc.
 95. 
Sec. 95. Duty of treasurer.
 96. 
Sec. 96. Mailing bills to taxpayers.
 97. 
Sec. 97. Tax tickets.
 98. 
Sec. 98. Right of distress, levy and garnishment.
 99. 
Sec. 99. Sale after levy or distraint.
 100. 
Sec. 100. When taxes due.
 101. 
Sec. 101. Penalties.
 102. 
Sec. 102. Calling on persons failing to pay taxes; collection by distress, etc.
 103. 
Sec. 103. Persons about to leave city.
 104. 
Sec. 104. Lists of uncollectible taxes and delinquents.
 105. 
Sec. 105. Same—To speak as of June thirtieth; form; oath.
 106. 
Sec. 106. Same—Submitting to council; allowance of credit to treasurer, etc.
 107. 
Sec. 107. Same—Advertising lists of delinquent real estate and personal property taxes.
 108. 
Sec. 108. Same—Transmitting list of delinquent lands to clerk of corporation court; recordation; reports of collections.
 109. 
Sec. 109. Continuing collection of delinquent taxes for one year.
 110. 
Sec. 110. Resubmission of lists to council; subsequent collections.
 111. 
Sec. 111. Sale of delinquent lands.
collapse sectionV. 
Article V. Director of Finance.
 112. 
Sec. 112. Election; term.
 113. 
Sec. 113. Powers and duties generally.
 114. 
Sec. 114. Keeping books, etc.; making suggestions to council; reports.
 115. 
Sec. 115. Employees of director.
 116. 
Sec. 116. Collection of revenues; keeping accounts; delivering moneys to treasurer.
 117. 
Sec. 117. Collection of gas and water bills; list of delinquents; cutting off supply.
 118. 
Sec. 118. Monthly reports of receipts and disbursements.
 119. 
Sec. 119. Quarterly reports; publishing.
 120. 
Sec. 120. Annual reports.
 121. 
Sec. 121. Examination of claims; drawing of warrants, etc.
 122. 
Sec. 122. Drawing warrants for salaries and wages; checks to employees; deductions.
 123. 
Sec. 123. Fixing payday.
collapse sectionVI. 
Article VI. City Attorney.
 124. 
Sec. 124. Election; qualification; term.
 125. 
Sec. 125. Powers and duties generally.
 126. 
Sec. 126. Accounting for and paying over city funds.
 127. 
Sec. 127. Reporting to council on condition of civil cases.
 128. 
Sec. 128. Attending meetings of council and committees.
 129. 
Sec. 129. Drafting resolutions and ordinances; inspection of journal and ordinance book.
 130. 
Sec. 130. Salary to be in full compensation for services; traveling expenses.
collapse sectionVII. 
Article VII. City Purchasing Agent.
 131. 
Sec. 131. Election; term.
 132. 
Sec. 132. Powers and duties generally.
 133. 
Sec. 133. Purchases made only upon agent's order; exception.
 134. 
Sec. 134. Requisitions for supplies; forms; approval.
 135. 
Sec. 135. Sufficient appropriation necessary to furnishing supplies.
 136. 
Sec. 136. Bids for purchases in excess of one hundred dollars; specifications to bidders.
 137. 
Sec. 137. Sales of material and personal property.
 138. 
Sec. 138. Signing contracts covering purchases and sales.
collapse sectionVIII. 
Article VIII. Attorney for the Commonwealth.
 139. 
Sec. 139. Term, duties and compensation generally.
 140. 
Sec. 140. Additional duties.
 141. 
Sec. 141. Calling upon city attorney for assistance.
collapse sectionIX. 
Article IX. Commissioner of Revenue.
 142. 
Sec. 142. Election; city assessor; vacancy in office; bond.
 143. 
Sec. 143. Compensation.
 144. 
Sec. 144. When to begin duties.
 145. 
Sec. 145. Duties generally; office; books and papers.
 146. 
Sec. 146. Books, forms, etc., to be used; city to furnish books, forms, stationery, etc.
 147. 
Sec. 147. Assessment of personal property — Listing governed by state law.
 148. 
Sec. 148. Same—Lists of valuations to be furnished by and returned to commissioner.
 149. 
Sec. 149. Same—Revaluation of property.
 150. 
Sec. 150. Same—Penalty for failure to make return; refusal to exhibit property.
 151. 
Sec. 151. State law followed as to land and personal property books.
 152. 
Sec. 152. Assessment when lot subdivided.
 153. 
Sec. 153. Licenses and license taxes—Assessing and issuing.
 154. 
Sec. 154. Same—Failure to pay when due; penalty.
 155. 
Sec. 155. Same—Commissioner to report delinquents to mayor.
 156. 
Sec. 156. Same—Mayor to cause delinquents to be summoned before court.
collapse sectionX. 
Article X. Sinking Fund Commission.
 157. 
Sec. 157. Members.
 158. 
Sec. 158. President and secretary; keeping journal; preserving books and papers.
 159. 
Sec. 159. City treasurer to keep account and be custodian of funds.
 160. 
Sec. 160. Setting apart sinking fund.
 161. 
Sec. 161. Investment of funds; redemption of city debts.
 162. 
Sec. 162. Annual report.
 163. 
Sec. 163. Disbursements.
 164. 
Sec. 164. Safety deposit box; who to be present when opened.
collapse sectionXI. 
Article XI. Officers and Employees Generally.
 165. 
Sec. 165. Officers elected by council; term; vacancies.
 166. 
Sec. 166. Authority of officers appointed by council.
 167. 
Sec. 167. Compensation fixed by council; traveling expenses; officers in arrears or default.
 168. 
Sec. 168. Appointment of substitute during inability to serve.
 169. 
Sec. 169. Removal by mayor or council.
 170. 
Sec. 170. Salary of suspended officers.
 171. 
Sec. 171. Superintendents of departments — Absence from city.
 172. 
Sec. 172. Same—Vacations.
 173. 
Sec. 173. Bonds—Amount.
 174. 
Sec. 174. Same—Guaranty companies.
 175. 
Sec. 175. Same—Paid for by city.
 176. 
Sec. 176. Same—Failure to give.
 177. 
Sec. 177. Same—Report by finance committee; bonds filed with clerk of council.
 178. 
Sec. 178. Officers appointed by city manager.
 179. 
Sec. 179. Same—Duties generally.
 180. 
Sec. 180. Reports to city manager.
collapse section3. 
CHAPTER 3.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Dangerous animals at large.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Failure of owner to take into custody after notice.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Domestic animals at large; impounding, etc.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Straying of fowls.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Keeping hogs in city.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Keeping sheep in city.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Keeping animals over night for shipment or sale.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Parking of vehicles containing livestock.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Bitches in heat.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Hydrophobia—Dogs to be confined or muzzled.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Cats to be confined.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Killing birds.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Animals with contagious or infectious diseases.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Carcasses—Carrying beyond city limits or burial.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Same—Placing or permitting to remain on streets, lots, etc.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Same—Death from infectious diseases.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Exhibiting stallion or jack.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Feeding in the streets.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Unattended teams and animals on the streets.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Selling, trading or speeding animals in the streets.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Cockfighting.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Fighting dogs or other animals.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Stables; disposal of manure.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Cruelty to animals.
collapse section4. 
CHAPTER 4.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definitions.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Permits.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Equipment and appliances generally.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Infectious diseases.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Keeping in cleanly condition.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Use of combs, brushes, etc.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Towels and wash cloths.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Cleansing hands before serving customers.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Use of alum, etc.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Coverings for head rests.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Shaving persons with skin infections.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Treating skin diseases.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Posting copy of regulations.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Penalty.
collapse section5. 
CHAPTER 5.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Registration required.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Registration plates and cards; register kept by chief of police.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Transfer of ownership.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Reports by dealers in secondhand bicycles.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Removal, destruction or alteration of registration number, plate or card.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Fee for registration; transferring registration; loss of plates or cards.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Penalties.
collapse section6. 
CHAPTER 6.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Registrar of vital statistics; powers and duties; salary in lieu of fees.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Physicians and midwives to register.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Report of births.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Stillbirths reported as births and deaths.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Death certificates.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Burial permits.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Permit for removal of dead bodies beyond city limits.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Retaining or exposing dead bodies.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Death of persons unattended by physician.
collapse section7. 
CHAPTER 7.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definitions.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Fire limits.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Building inspector—Appointment; compensation; bond.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Duties.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Not to engage in construction business.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Same—Right of entry; obstructing.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Survey showing street lines.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Permits—When required.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Form and contents of applications.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Same—For moving buildings.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Estimated cost for determining fees.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Fees; adjustment of fees upon completion of work.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Change in structure after permit is issued.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Grade and line of sewer.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Grade of streets and sidewalks.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Certificates of occupancy.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Foundation.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Walls, cornices and roofs required within congested fire limits.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Permissible wooden structures within congested fire limits.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Repairing frame building within congested fire limits.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Buildings required to be fireproof.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Mill building and factory construction.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Limits of height and area.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Walls.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Concrete construction.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Steel construction.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Protection of ends of wooden beams.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Protection of wall openings.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Stairway and elevator shafts.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Skylights, windows, etc., over stairway and elevator shafts.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Fire escapes.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Floor lights.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Roof covering; condemning wood shingle roofs.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Roof openings.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Means of egress required.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Fire stops.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Areaways.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Prohibited location for dwelling houses.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Construction of frame buildings.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Joists and floor loads.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Fire walls in tenement houses.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Specifications for sleeping rooms.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Chimneys, fireplaces, etc.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Separating wooden beams, etc., from chimneys, etc.
 45. 
Sec. 45. Smoke pipes.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Hot air pipes, registers, etc.
 47. 
Sec. 47. Dry rooms.
 48. 
Sec. 48. Furnaces and similar appliances.
 49. 
Sec. 49. Vent pipes for gas appliances.
 50. 
Sec. 50. Vent flues.
 51. 
Sec. 51. Theatres.
 52. 
Sec. 52. Safety of design.
 53. 
Sec. 53. Marquees overhanging streets.
 54. 
Sec. 54. Auto repair shops and public garages.
 55. 
Sec. 55. Condemnation of buildings and structures in dangerous condition.
 56. 
Sec. 56. Interpretation of chapter.
 57. 
Sec. 57. To what buildings and structures these regulations apply.
 58. 
Sec. 58. Penalties.
collapse section8. 
CHAPTER 8.
 1. 
Sec. 1. City planning commission established.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Members of commission; appointment and term; compensation; vacancies.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Chairman and vice-chairman of commission; secretary.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Meetings of commission; adoption of rules; keeping records.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Powers and duties of commission.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Subdivisions of property to be approved by commission.
collapse section9. 
CHAPTER 9.
 I. 
Article I. Civil and Police Justice.
 II. 
Article II. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. Civil and Police Justice.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Election, term and qualifications.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Jurisdiction; powers and duties.
 3. 
Sec. 3. When court open for business; vacation period.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Compensation.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Fines, costs and trial fees; accounting.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Collection and use of fines.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Imprisonment upon non-payment of fine.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Substitute civil and police justice.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Courtroom, office and supplies.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Bailiff and clerk of court.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Appointment and term of judge.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Jurisdiction and duties.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Compensation of Judge.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Accounting for fines and fees.
collapse section10. 
CHAPTER 10.
 1. 
Sec. 1. City electrician — Appointment; compensation; bond.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Not to engage in electrical business.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Right of entry; obstructing.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Only registered electrician to make installations, etc.; helpers.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Engaging in electrical business for the general public—License and registration required; examination; fee.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Same—Bond required.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Liability for damages resulting from violation of chapter.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Registration of electricians; type of work authorized.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Permits for installations or alterations — Individual permits — Form and content of application; issuance.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Same—For others than employees.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Same—Upon undertaking work started by another.
collapse section13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Same—Fees.
  
Open or concealed work to outlets.
  
Alteration to existing wiring systems.
  
Motor wiring and motor installations.
  
Generators.
  
Ranges and water heaters.
  
Electric signs and marquees.
  
Radio antennas.
  
Miscellaneous units and appliances.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Same—Annual permits; application; records to be kept; expiration; fees.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Inspections—When required; uncovering concealed work.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Same—Notice to city electrician; certificate of approval; connection certificates, etc.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Same—Additional inspections.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Temporary installations and wiring.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Requirements for installations generally.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Standard for general electrical construction.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Authorization of special wiring methods.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Use of metal conduit or armored metal cable; authorizing use of surface metal raceway, etc.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Use of rigid conduit service.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Wiring in buildings being remodeled.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Installation of radios and antennas.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Sale of materials and appliances—Approval by city electrician; provisional approval.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Same—Selling unapproved appliances, etc.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Same — Devices and equipment deemed approved for sale.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Same—Trademarks, identification, etc.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Dead wires; unsafe poles, wires, etc.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Poles.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Electrical construction in streets.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Use of poles for city wires.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Penalty.
collapse section11. 
CHAPTER 11.
 I. 
Article I. In General.
 II. 
Article II. Explosives.
 III. 
Article III. Flammable Liquids.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Shooting fireworks.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Steam boilers.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Duty of chief of fire department.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Permit to operate filling station.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Explosives.
 5. 
Sec. 5. To be kept only in conformity with article.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Keeping for purpose other than sale.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Keeping by retail dealers.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Keeping by wholesale dealers.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Keeping dynamite or nitroglycerin on sale in store.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Dealers to post signs; location of explosives in buildings; notice to fire chief.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Transporting explosives.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Permits for purchases.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Penalty.
collapse sectionIII. 
Article III. Flammable Liquids.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Bulk storage; keeping or handling in bulk.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Unloading tank cars.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Piping from unloading point to storage tank.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Wholesale storage; specifications for tanks, etc.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Permits for installing storage tanks.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Penalty.
collapse section12. 
CHAPTER 12.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Composition; supervision of department.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Election of officers by company; confirmation by council.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Chief—Powers and duties generally.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Annual report and inventory.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Eligibility and oath of chief and assistant.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Charges against members for nonperformance of duty.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Excluding persons from fires; interference with fire company.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Inspection of buildings, etc., by chief; abatement of fire hazards; refusal to permit inspection.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Right of way; obstructing apparatus of fire department.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Vehicles construed as apparatus of fire department.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Use of streets occupied by fire department.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Obstructing access to fire plugs.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Crossing fire hose.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Publishing information with respect to fire alarm boxes.
 15. 
Sec. 15. False fire alarm.
collapse section13. 
CHAPTER 13.
 I. 
Article I. In General.
 II. 
Article II. Food Establishments.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Protection from flies, dust and dirt; exposing on street or sidewalk.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Spoiled, diseased, adulterated or misbranded foodstuffs.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Vegetables grown on soil impregnated with human excrement.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Handling and sale of meats, fowl, etc.; permit to sell meat not inspected at abattoir.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Wrapping bakery products.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Food Establishments.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Definitions.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Permits—To operate restaurant; posting; fee.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—For employees.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Examination and condemnation of unwholesome food or drink.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Health officer to enforce article; inspections.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Notification of disease.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Procedure when infection suspected.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Floors.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Walls and ceilings.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Lighting.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Ventilation.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Toilets; posting handwashing signs.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Water supply.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Personal cleanliness of employees; washing hands, etc.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Washing facilities for employees.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Screening; self-closing doors, etc.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Construction of utensils and equipment.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Eating and drinking utensils — Dishwashing equipment.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Same—Methods of bactericidal treatment.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Same—Storing and handling; single-service utensils.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Disposal of wastes.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Refrigeration.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Milk and cream.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Storage and display of food and drink.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Cleanliness generally; use of rooms for domestic purposes; dressing rooms; soiled linen, etc.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Materials used for cleaning or polishing utensils.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Tables, shelves and napkins.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Vermin and rodent control methods.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Penalty; revocation of permit.
collapse section14. 
CHAPTER 14.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Application for service; connections outside city.
 2. 
Sec. 2. General rates.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Optional rates.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Charges when meter fails to register.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Deposits by consumers.
 6. 
Sec. 6. When bills payable.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Cutting off service for nonpayment of bills, etc.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Connecting charge.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Removing or interfering with meters or fixtures.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Repair and replacement of meters; consumers responsible for contents of prepay meters.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Complaints against gas bills; testing meters.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Preservation of gas and city property at fires, etc.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Examining apparatus and stopping leaks.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Connections to be made by city; payment of costs.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Repair of pipes and fixtures in street.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Unauthorized additions to pipes and fixtures and introduction of gas therein.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Right of access to premises.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Turning on or using gas without authority.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Obstructing stopcocks or fixtures; interfering with pipes.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Pipe lines laid by property owners.
collapse section15. 
CHAPTER 15.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Joint health board—Composition.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Appointment and term of member selected by city; term of other members.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Powers and duties of officers, agents and employees.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Rules and regulations; penalty for violation.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Health officer—Appointment; compensation.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Same—Powers and duties.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Communicable diseases—Reports by physicians.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Reports by owners of residences, etc.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Same—Establishing quarantine.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Removal of diseased persons for proper isolation.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Placarding residences, etc.; notifying superintendent of schools.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Sale or disposal of infected articles.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Same—Interfering with quarantine notice.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Same—Penalty for violation of sections eight to fourteen.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Condemnation of wells and springs.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Vaccination of school teachers and pupils.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Inspection of streets and premises; abatement of nuisances.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Drains and running water; stagnant water.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Discharge of water, slops, etc.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Failure to remove nuisance, etc., after notice.
collapse section16. 
CHAPTER 16.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Library board—Election and term of members; vacancies.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Officers.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Appointment of librarian, etc.; fixing compensation of appointees.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Reports by board and librarian.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Audit and inventory of accounts and property.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Responsibility for expenditures; incurring obligations.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Duties and responsibilities of librarian.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Destroying or injuring books, etc.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Failure to return books, etc., after notice; books, etc., lost or destroyed.
collapse section17. 
CHAPTER 17.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definitions.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Sale of adulterated or misbranded milk or milk products prohibited.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Permits—Required; posting permit number.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Revocation.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Fees.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Labeling and placarding; card to be displayed by restaurants, etc.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Inspection of dairy farms and milk plants for the purpose of grading or regrading.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Testing of milk and milk products.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Grading of milk and cream.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Grade "A" raw milk.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Grade "B" raw milk.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Grade "A" pasteurized milk.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Grade "B" pasteurized milk.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Points to be scored by producers of grade "A" raw or pasteurized milk.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Points to be scored by producers of grade "B" raw or pasteurized milk.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Grades of milk and cream which may be sold.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Supplementary regrading.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Transferring or dipping; sale in food establishments.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Milk and cream from points beyond the inspection of the city.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Spitting.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Vehicles used in transporting.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Denaturing misbranded products.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Repasteurization prohibited.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Future dairies and milk plants.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Penalty.
collapse section18. 
CHAPTER 18.
 I. 
Article I. Regulation of Traffic Generally.
 II. 
Article II. Parking Meters.
 III. 
Article III. Vehicles for Hire.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. Regulation of Traffic Generally.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definitions.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Uniformity of interpretation.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Unlawful not to comply with article.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Drivers of state, county and city vehicles subject to provisions of chapter.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Persons riding bicycles or animals to obey traffic regulations.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Supervision by mayor and chief of police; traffic signs; penalty for violating regulations.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Regulatory powers of mayor and chief of police.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Direction of traffic by officer.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Signals by traffic officers.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Signals by lights or semaphores.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Local traffic signs.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Other than official traffic signs prohibited.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Injuring signs.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Driving while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or narcotic drugs.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Duty to report accident.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Garage keeper to report damaged and abandoned vehicles.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Reckless driving.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Restrictions as to speed; other acts declared misdemeanors.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Special speed limitations on bridges.
 20. 
Sec. 20. When speed limit not applicable.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Drive on right side of highways.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Keep to the right in crossing intersections or railroads.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Special regulations applicable on streets and highways laned for traffic.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Overtaking a vehicle.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Driver to give way to overtaking vehicle.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Limitations on privilege of overtaking and passing.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Following too closely.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Turning around in street.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Turning at intersection.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Signals on starting, stopping or turning.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Right-of-way.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Exception to the right-of-way rules.
 34. 
Sec. 34. What to do on approach of police or fire department vehicle; following fire apparatus, etc.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Pedestrians.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Driving through safety zone prohibited.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Railroad warning signals must be obeyed.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Slowing down or stopping at railway grade crossings.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Stopping on highway.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Parking in front of fire hydrant, fire station, private driveway or intersection.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Driving on steep grades.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Coasting prohibited.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Lighting equipment of vehicles.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Requirements as to headlamps.
 45. 
Sec. 45. Acetylene lights.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Lights on parked vehicles.
 47. 
Sec. 47. Brakes; precautions to be taken when vehicles left unattended.
 48. 
Sec. 48. Steering gear.
 49. 
Sec. 49. Horns and warning devices.
 50. 
Sec. 50. Mirrors.
 51. 
Sec. 51. Signs, posters, etc., on windshields; windshield wipers.
 52. 
Sec. 52. Flag or light at end of load.
 53. 
Sec. 53. Prevention of noise, smoke, etc.; spilling contents from vehicles; vehicles hauling logs, etc.
 54. 
Sec. 54. Signal devices.
 55. 
Sec. 55. Sale or use of equipment not approved by commissioner; trademarks on equipment.
 56. 
Sec. 56. Size of vehicle and loads.
 57. 
Sec. 57. Trailers and towed vehicles.
 58. 
Sec. 58. Weight of vehicles and loads.
 59. 
Sec. 59. Permits for excessive size and weight.
 60. 
Sec. 60. Mayor and chief of police may decrease weight limits.
 61. 
Sec. 61. Officers may weigh vehicle and require removal of excess load.
 62. 
Sec. 62. Restrictions as to tire equipment.
 63. 
Sec. 63. One-way streets.
 64. 
Sec. 64. Parking to be in accordance with signs, signals, etc.
 65. 
Sec. 65. Parking in certain streets between certain hours.
 66. 
Sec. 66. Parking of busses, trucks, etc., between midnight and 6:00 A. M.
 67. 
Sec. 67. City license number plates to be attached to rear of motor vehicle.
 68. 
Sec. 68. Duty to stop in event of accident.
 69. 
Sec. 69. Penalties for misdemeanor.
 70. 
Sec. 70. Appearance upon arrest.
 71. 
Sec. 71. Report of convictions to be sent to division.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Parking Meters.
 72. 
Sec. 72. Definitions.
 73. 
Sec. 73. Parking meter zone established; time limit.
 74. 
Sec. 74. Installation and operation.
 75. 
Sec. 75. Marking parking spaces adjacent to meters; manner of parking.
 76. 
Sec. 76. How parking meter and space to be used; overtime parking.
 77. 
Sec. 77. Permitting vehicle to remain parked at meter after expiration of time limit.
 78. 
Sec. 78. Use of slugs, etc., in meters.
 79. 
Sec. 79. Parking for purpose of making sales.
 80. 
Sec. 80. Injuring or tampering with meters.
 81. 
Sec. 81. Duty of police in case of overtime parking; penalty.
 82. 
Sec. 82. Deposits required levied as fees for certain purposes.
 83. 
Sec. 83. Loading zones, bus stops, etc., in parking meter zones.
 84. 
Sec. 84. Use of meter space for receiving passengers, making deliveries, etc.
 85. 
Sec. 85. Owner of vehicle prima facie guilty of violation.
 86. 
Sec. 86. Penalty.
 87. 
Sec. 87. Article applicable only to parking between certain hours.
collapse sectionIII. 
Article III. Vehicles for Hire.
 88. 
Sec. 88. Inspecting and maintaining in safe condition.
 89. 
Sec. 89. Registration of vehicles; posting registration card; fees.
 90. 
Sec. 90. Registration of drivers; posting registration card and photograph; fees.
 91. 
Sec. 91. Bond or insurance required of operators.
 92. 
Sec. 92. Maximum rates; posting schedule.
 93. 
Sec. 93. Penalty.
collapse section19. 
CHAPTER 19.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Abusive or profane language.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Adultery or fornication.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Aeroplanes, dirigibles, blimps, etc. — Altitude over city.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Dropping advertising matter.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Annoying or interfering with pupils of female or public schools.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Burning of trash, debris, etc.; bonfires.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Carnivals and like exhibitions—Deposit to pay cost of policing.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Indecent shows or illegal games—Bond.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Same—Penalty.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Checks, etc., drawn without sufficient funds.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Church steps; defacing, lounging upon, etc.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Circus exhibitions, etc.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Curfew.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Dance halls.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Dangerous missiles; air guns, gravel shooters, etc.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Defacing advertisements.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Disguises in public.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Disorderly conduct.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Disturbing public assemblies.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Disturbing public worship.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Drunkenness.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Failure to assist officer.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Failure to deliver food or refund money where money accepted in advance.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Flying kites or playing ball in streets.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Gambling—Keeping gaming table or device.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Same—Keeping place for gaming.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Same—Betting or participating in gambling.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Same—Playing "craps".
 29. 
Sec. 29. Same—Lottery or raffle.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Handbills—Posting, etc.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Imitating police whistle.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Indecent books, pictures, statuary, etc.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Indecent exposure; obscene acts, language, etc.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Injuring or defacing trees or property; leaving gates open.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Interfering with females.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Lewd persons; street walkers.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Marathon dances or contests.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Merry-go-rounds, etc.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Noise, odors and fumes.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Obtaining credit, etc., with intent to defraud hotel or boarding house.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Occupying or using streets or public property contrary to law.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Offensive matter.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Pawnbrokers, junk and secondhand dealers— Daily records of articles pawned and bought.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Same—Furnishing reports to chief of police.
 45. 
Sec. 45. Same—Penalty; revocation of license.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Petit larceny.
 47. 
Sec. 47. Poolrooms, bowling alleys, shooting galleries, etc.—Minors.
 48. 
Sec. 48. Same—Hours; gambling.
 49. 
Sec. 49. Prize fights.
 50. 
Sec. 50. Prostitution—Keeping or being inmate of house of ill fame.
 51. 
Sec. 51. Same—Frequenting house of ill fame.
 52. 
Sec. 52. Same—Renting property for use as house of ill fame.
 53. 
Sec. 53. Same—Permitting use of property as house of ill fame after notice.
 54. 
Sec. 54. Refuse matter thrown on streets or private property.
 55. 
Sec. 55. Resisting or obstructing officers, employees, etc.
 56. 
Sec. 56. Riot, rout, assault and battery, etc.
 57. 
Sec. 57. Slot machines.
 58. 
Sec. 58. Smoke nuisance.
 59. 
Sec. 59. Smoking in theatres.
 60. 
Sec. 60. Spitting.
 61. 
Sec. 61. Street drumming.
 62. 
Sec. 62. Sunday—Laboring at trade or calling.
 63. 
Sec. 63. Same—Sale of wine.
 64. 
Sec. 64. Threatening messages.
 65. 
Sec. 65. Tobacco sales, etc., to minors.
 66. 
Sec. 66. Trespass.
 67. 
Sec. 67. Unlawful assemblages.
 68. 
Sec. 68. Untrue, deceptive or misleading advertising.
 69. 
Sec. 69. Same—What deemed deceptive advertising.
 70. 
Sec. 70. Same—Penalty.
 71. 
Sec. 71. Vacant lots; cutting weeds and foreign growth.
 72. 
Sec. 72. Vagrants—Persons deemed vagrants.
 73. 
Sec. 73. Same—How dealt with.
 74. 
Sec. 74. Same—Railroads, etc., bringing vagrants into city.
 75. 
Sec. 75. Weapons—Carrying concealed weapons.
 76. 
Sec. 76. Same—Shooting within city.
 77. 
Sec. 77. Same—Sales, etc., to minors.
collapse section20. 
CHAPTER 20.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Superintendent—Appointment.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Powers and duties generally; obstructing.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Keeping record of burials.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Mapping and selling grave spaces.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Conveying space in cemeteries; deeds.
 6. 
Sec. 6. To whom spaces shall be sold.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Burial of paupers.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Charges for keeping spaces in order.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Perpetual care of sections or spaces; fund.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Perpetual care cemetery commission; composition; powers and duties.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Digging graves—Notice to keeper of cemeteries.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Fees.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Care of graves of war veterans.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Keepers of cemeteries to make reports and return burial permits.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Trespassing or destroying property in cemeteries, parks, etc.
collapse section21. 
CHAPTER 21.
 I. 
Article I. In General.
 II. 
Article II. Plumbing.
 III. 
Article III. Sewers.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Duty of owner to connect with city sewer.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Each building to be separately connected with sewer.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Use of septic tanks.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Disposal of excreta from human bodies.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Sewered water closet or sanitary privy required.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Privies—Construction requirements and regulations generally.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Same—Keeping in cleanly condition; use only for toilet purposes.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Same—Not to be permitted to overflow.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Noncomplying privies declared nuisance.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Same—Alterations or constructions to privies found to be nuisances.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Receptacles for sanitary privies.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Inspection.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Replacement of can privies.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Sewers discharging into septic tanks or cesspools.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Penalty.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Plumbing.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Plumbing inspector — Appointment; compensation.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Same—Not to engage in plumbing business.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Same—Right of entry; obstructing.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Only licensed plumber or agent to make sewer connections, etc.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Plumbers—Registration.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Same—Revocation of registration certificate.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Same—License.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Same—Bond.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Same—Correcting work improperly done, etc.; liability for damages.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Permits — Form and contents of application; issuance.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Same—For others than employees.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Same—Fees.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Plumber undertaking work started by another.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Inspections—Required; work concealed before inspection.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Same—Notice to inspector; certificates of approval, etc.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Same—Additional inspections; fees.
 33. 
Ses. 33. Same—Preparation for inspection; methods of testing.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Adoption of requirements of state law.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Penalty.
collapse sectionIII. 
Article III. Sewers.
 36. 
Sec. 36. "Main or lateral sewers" and "house sewers" defined.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Sewer connections—Application; charge.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Same—Outside city; application; contract executed by property owner.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Injuring sewers, manholes, etc.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Discharging refuse or garbage into sewers.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Rain and surface water not to flow into sewer.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Removal of obstructions.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Private sewer lines; connection with city sewer; rights of city.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Penalty.
collapse section22. 
CHAPTER 22.
 I. 
Article I. In General.
 II. 
Article II. Chief and Lieutenants.
 III. 
Article III. Policemen.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Composition of police force; election of officers and members.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Under control of mayor.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Powers of policeman; oath of office.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Special police; filling vacancies; examinations.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Police to be uniformed.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Annual furloughs.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Desk sergeant to call firemen.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Responding to call of city officials.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Issuance of summons by officers; violating promise to appear.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Giving name and address to officers; false name or address.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Chief and Lieutenants.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Chief—Powers and duties generally.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Records and reports.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Suspending subordinates from duty.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Same—Furnishing information to city manager.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Same—Absence or sickness.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Lieutenants—Duties generally.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Same—Visiting beats.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Same—Inspecting policemen at roll call.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Power of chief or lieutenants to accept bail.
collapse sectionIII. 
Article III. Policemen.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Duties generally.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Attendance, obedience to orders, etc.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Absence.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Dress on duty, badge, etc.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Presents, fees or rewards.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Property supposed to be stolen or lost.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Vigilance to prevent crime.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Inspection of doors, windows, etc.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Acquaintance with streets, property and persons.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Watching conduct of persons of bad character, etc.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Conduct toward offenders and prisoners.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Use of intoxicants; entering certain houses.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Deportment on duty.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Taking notice of vehicles at night.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Leaving beat.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Giving name and number.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Must know rules and regulations.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Information to be reported.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Duty in plain clothes.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Reporting violation of revenue laws.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Hours of duty.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Interest in outside business.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Accountable for equipment.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Political activities.
collapse section23. 
CHAPTER 23.
 1. 
Sec. 1. City jail established.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Sergeant to have supervision and control of jail.
 3. 
Sec. 3. What persons confined to city jail.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Committing persons to jail; release from custody.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Purchases for jail.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Health officer to inspect jail; reports to city manager.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Sick prisoners.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Limitation of confinement for failure to pay fines and costs.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Credit for good conduct; credits on fine and costs.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Work force — Establishment; control of city manager.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Persons required to work.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Foreman and assistant foreman—Appointment.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same — Same — Powers and duties; removal from office.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Same—Taking out prisoners to labor.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Same—Prisoners to obey orders and work each day unless excused.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Same—Punishment of prisoners.
collapse section24. 
CHAPTER 24.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Director of public welfare; powers and duties generally.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Superintendent of public welfare—Appointment; compensation.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Remanding cases to district home.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Accounting for city funds; incurring indebtedness beyond appropriation.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Same—Reports and information.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Public welfare employees.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Representative to district home board.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Providing assistance to families unable to support themselves.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Non-resident paupers coming into the city.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Aid to destitute non-residents.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Burial of paupers.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Audit and inventory in public welfare department.
collapse section25. 
CHAPTER 25.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Restrictions as to speed.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Placing obstructions on tracks.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Sounding locomotive whistles in city.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Ringing locomotive bell.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Flagman—Stationing at certain points, etc.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Same—Appointed as special police.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Driving in front of locomotives; getting on or off train in motion.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Loitering or trespassing upon tracks or platform.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Obstructing passage on streets; vehicles standing on tracks.
collapse section26. 
CHAPTER 26.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Composition; election and terms of members.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Powers and duties.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Classified report and estimate.
collapse section27. 
CHAPTER 27.
 I. 
Article I. In General.
 II. 
Article II. Electric Signs.
collapse sectionI. 
Article I. In General.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Non-electric signs prohibited.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Swinging awnings.
collapse sectionII. 
Article II. Electric Signs.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Permits—Application.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Construction permits.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Electrical permits for operation and maintenance.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Same—Fees.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Same—Form and number of copies.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Requirements for construction and installation generally.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Requirements as to materials and specifications generally.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Alterations.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Circular or cylindrical signs.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Projections over sidewalks, etc.; distance above sidewalks, etc.; distance from building.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Supporting and bracing.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Wind pressure requirements.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Sky signs.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Electric switches on outside of building.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Mechanical requirements.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Classification of signs by city manager.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Approval by city manager.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Inspections; ordering signs put in proper condition.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Removing sign upon owner's discontinuance of business; erecting elsewhere.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Use of sign by others than person erecting it.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Obstructing windows or doors.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Responsibility for damage caused by construction and maintenance; indemnifying bonds or insurance policies.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Signs to which article applicable.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Penalty.
collapse section28. 
CHAPTER 28.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Permits.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Physical examination of employees.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Rules and regulations for construction and operation.
collapse section29. 
CHAPTER 29.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definition of street.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Numbering and naming streets.
 3. 
Sec. 3. House numbers—Method of numbering.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Same—Establishing; furnishing information to owners of houses.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Same—Varying from prescribed method; removing or defacing numbers.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Defacing or removing street signs, fire hydrants or monuments.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Encroachments on streets.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Grading—Plan showing elevation or lowering.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Same—Waiver of damages by property owners.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Laying sidewalks—By city upon property owner's application.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—By property owner.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—By city without application.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Excavations—Permit required.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Same—Deposits; acquiescence to provisions of sections thirteen to nineteen.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Same—Duty to prosecute work without delay.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Same—Replacing surface.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Same—Guarding by lights and barriers; responsibility for damages caused by excavation.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Same—Taking up pavement, etc., without permit.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Same—Provisions of sections thirteen to eighteen not applicable to work done by city.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Exposure of water pipes by repairing, grading, etc.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Openings in sidewalks—Entrances to cellars or areaways.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Same—Coal or fuel holes.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Same—Closing except when in actual use; liability for damages.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Same—Maliciously opening.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Same—Defective covers.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Gutters on eaves projecting over sidewalks.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Drainage from lots, gutters or spouts.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Snow-breaks on buildings on street lines.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Gates and doors on street lines.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Entrances over sidewalks or drainage ditches.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Driving or riding upon sidewalk; vehicles standing upon sidewalk or intersection.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Use of trucks, wheelbarrows, bicycles, etc., upon sidewalks.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Bicycle racks on sidewalks.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Backing vehicles up to sidewalks.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Obstructions.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Same—Removal.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Barriers and lanterns to warn against danger.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Stopping travel on streets; interfering with barricades, etc.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Retaining walls for earth embankments.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Sidewalks in front of premises to be kept clean.
 41. 
Sec. 41. Removal of snow, sleet and ice.
 42. 
Sec. 42. Transporting coal over or about sidewalks.
 43. 
Sec. 43. Planting shade trees.
 44. 
Sec. 44. Coasting, snowballing, etc.
 45. 
Sec. 45. Loafing and loitering on streets.
 46. 
Sec. 46. Political processions; parades; flag poles.
 47. 
Sec. 47. Auction sales in streets.
 48. 
Sec. 48. Duty of owner of private alley.
 49. 
Sec. 49. Barb wire fences along streets or sidewalks.
 50. 
Sec. 50. Holes, depressions, etc., upon lots below grade of street.
 51. 
Sec. 51. Repairing or testing machinery in streets.
 52. 
Sec. 52. Open ditches to be reported to the fire department.
 53. 
Sec. 53. Throwing fruit peels, etc., on sidewalks.
 54. 
Sec. 54. Hauling earth, garbage, etc., over streets.
 55. 
Sec. 55. Removal of trash, garbage, ashes, etc., by the city.
 56. 
Sec. 56. Penalty.
collapse section30. 
CHAPTER 30.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definition.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Permits—Contents of applications; granting.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Revocation.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Inspections by health officer; publishing reports.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Supervision of trained operator required.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Presence of swimming instructor or attendant required.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Solo bathing prohibited.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Entrance of persons when pool empty.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Lining of floors and walls.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Slope of floor; minimum depth; marking depth.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Scum gutters.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Steps and ladders.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Runways.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Location of inlet and outlet.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Size of pool.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Toilet facilities.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Showers.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Artificial lighting facilities.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Ventilation.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Required temperature for pool room, dressing room, etc.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Dressing room floors.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Construction and height of diving boards and platforms.
 23. 
Sec. 23. Water—Approval of source and method of purification.
 24. 
Sec. 24. Same—Chlorinating.
 25. 
Sec. 25. Same—Clearness.
 26. 
Sec. 26. Same—Required temperature.
 27. 
Sec. 27. Same—Purity.
 28. 
Sec. 28. Same—Frequency of changing.
 29. 
Sec. 29. Same—Frequency of disinfection.
 30. 
Sec. 30. Same—Tests for excess chlorine.
 31. 
Sec. 31. Same—Tests for acidity and alkalinity.
 32. 
Sec. 32. Bathers to take cleansing baths.
 33. 
Sec. 33. Suits and towels.
 34. 
Sec. 34. Spitting, blowing nose, etc., in pool.
 35. 
Sec. 35. Excluding persons with communicable diseases.
 36. 
Sec. 36. Instructing and warning bathers.
 37. 
Sec. 37. Rough play, etc., prohibited.
 38. 
Sec. 38. Operating record required; matters to be recorded.
 39. 
Sec. 39. Placards to be posted.
 40. 
Sec. 40. Penalty.
collapse section31. 
CHAPTER 31.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Application for service; deposits; making connections and installing meters; temporary connections.
collapse section2. 
Sec. 2. Rates.
  
Consumers outside city.
  
Special contracts.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Charge when meter fails to register.
 4. 
Sec. 4. When bills payable.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Cutting off service for nonpayment of bills.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Charge for connecting after water cut off for nonpayment.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Consumers outside city; connecting charge; contract.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Unauthorized persons turning on and off water, etc.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Steam boilers taking water directly from service pipe.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Classification of premises; separate connections for each consumer.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Obstruction of meters.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Taps on raw water line.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Wrongful connections.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Fraudulent use.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Defacing or injuring waterworks; obstructing fixtures; wasting water, etc.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Access to premises supplied with water.
 17. 
Sec. 17. Pipe lines laid by property owners.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Penalty.
collapse section32. 
CHAPTER 32.
 1. 
Sec. 1. City sealer—Appointment; compensation.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Same—Powers and duties generally.
 3. 
Sec. 3. Same—Records and reports.
 4. 
Sec. 4. Procuring and keeping set of weights and measures, etc.
 5. 
Sec. 5. Sealing and marking weights and measures.
 6. 
Sec. 6. Condemnation and destruction of incorrect weights and measures; condemnation for repairs.
 7. 
Sec. 7. Seizure for use as evidence of false or unsealed weights, measures, etc.
 8. 
Sec. 8. Hindering or obstructing city sealer.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Offenses in regard to weights and measures.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Sale or delivery of solid fuel—Registration of dealers.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Same—Delivery tickets.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Same—Weights taken and attested by city sealer.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Same—Penalty for violation of sections ten to twelve.
collapse section33. 
CHAPTER 33.
 1. 
Sec. 1. Definitions.
 2. 
Sec. 2. Districts.
 3. 
Sec. 3. A residence district uses.
 4. 
Sec. 4. A-1 residence district uses.
 5. 
Sec. 5. B business district uses.
 6. 
Sec. 6. B-1 business district uses.
 7. 
Sec. 7. B-2 business districts.
 8. 
Sec. 8. C industrial districts.
 9. 
Sec. 9. Heights of buildings.
 10. 
Sec. 10. Setback building lines.
 11. 
Sec. 11. Rear yards.
 12. 
Sec. 12. Side yards.
 13. 
Sec. 13. Courts.
 14. 
Sec. 14. Exceptions and regulations in various districts.
 15. 
Sec. 15. Accessory buildings.
 16. 
Sec. 16. Interpretation and purposes.
 17. 
Sec. 17. General regulations.
 18. 
Sec. 18. Existing non-conforming uses.
 19. 
Sec. 19. Enforcement.
 20. 
Sec. 20. Violations and penalties.
 21. 
Sec. 21. Board of zoning appeals; cost of appeals.
 22. 
Sec. 22. Amendment.

  
Index
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previous sectionCHAPTER 18. The code of the city of Charlottesville, Virginia, 1945 :
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Sec. 47. Brakes; precautions to be taken when vehicles
left unattended.

(a) Every motor vehicle when operated upon a highway shall
be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movements of and
to stop such vehicle, and such brakes shall be maintained in good
working order and shall conform to regulations provided in this
section.

(b) No person having control or charge of a motor vehicle shall
allow such vehicle to stand on any highway unattended without
first effectively setting the hand brake thereon, stopping the motor
and turning the front wheels into the curb or side of the highway.

(c) On a dry, hard, approximately level stretch of highway free
from loose material, the service (foot) brake shall be capable of
stopping the motor vehicle at a speed of twenty miles per hour
within a distance of twenty-five feet with four-wheel brakes or
forty-five feet with two-wheel brakes. The hand brake shall be
capable of stopping the vehicle under like conditions of this section
within a distance of not more than seventy-five feet.

(d) Motor trucks and tractor-trucks with semi-trailers attached,
shall be capable of stopping on a dry, hard, approximately level
highway free from loose material at a speed of twenty miles per
hour within the following distances: thirty feet with both hand
and service brake applied simultaneously and fifty feet when either

269

Page 269
is applied separately, except that vehicles maintained and operated
permanently for the transportation of property and which were
registered in this or any other state or district prior to August,
nineteen hundred and twenty-nine, shall be capable of stopping on
a dry, hard, approximately level highway free from loose material
at a speed of twenty miles per hour within a distance of fifty feet
with both hand and service brake applied simultaneously and within
a distance of seventy-five feet with either applied separately.

(e) Every semi-trailer or trailer or separate vehicle attached by
a draw bar, chain or coupling to a towing vehicle and having a
rated and actual carrying capacity of two tons, or more, shall be
equipped with brakes controlled or operated by the driver of the
towing vehicle, which shall conform to the specifications set forth
in subsection (d) of this section and shall be of a type approved
by the commissioner. (Id., § 489(44).)

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