BIBLIOGRAPHY
There exists no single work that traces ambiguity or
multivalence
through the whole of Western culture; there-
fore the suggested readings are arranged historically. Jean
Daniélou, S. J., Sacramentum futuri:
Études sur les origines
de la typologie
biblique (Paris, 1950). Jean Pépin, Mythe
et allégorie: les origines grecques et
les contestations judéo-
chrétiennes (Paris, 1958). For Eastern
Christianity see
R. P. C. Hanson, Allegory and Event:
A Study of the Sources
and Significance of Origen's Interpretation
of Scripture
(London, 1959). For the history of mystical
theology, Pierre
Pourrat, La Spiritualité
chrétienne, 3 vols. (Paris, 1921-27),
trans. W.
H. Mitchell and S. P. Jacques as Christian Spiritu-
ality, 3 vols. (London,
1922-27). Henri de Lubac, S. J.,
Exégèse médiévale:
les quatre sens de l'écriture, 3 vols. (Paris,
1959-61). For literary tropes, Ernst Robert Curtius,
Europäische Literatur und lateinisches
Mittelalter (Berne,
1948), trans. Willard R. Trask as European Literature and
the Latin Middle Ages
(New York, 1953) and their counter-
part
in the visual arts, Erwin Panofsky, Studies in
Iconology:
Humanistic Themes in the Art of the Renaissance
(New York,
and London, 1939). For theological aesthetics see
Gerardus
van der Leeuw, Sacred and Profane Beauty:
The Holy in
Art (London, 1963); for philosophical criticism
and a brief
history of aesthetics, the studies of Monroe C.
Beardsley;
also E. H. Gombrich, Art and Illusion
(New York, 1960),
Northrop Frye Anatomy of
Criticism (Princeton, 1957), and
George Boas, The Heaven of Invention (Baltimore, 1961).
For more
specialized studies, Winifred Nowottny, The Lan-
guage Poets Use (Oxford, 1962),
R. P. Blackmur, Language
As Gesture (New York,
1952), Kenneth Burke, A Grammar
of Motives (New
York, 1954), and W. K. Wimsatt, The Verbal
Icon
(Lexington, Ky., 1954). For the relationship between
structural
linguistics, mythology, and cultural anthropology,
Claude
Lévi-Strauss, Structural Anthropology,
trans. Claire
Jacobson and Brooke Grundfest Schoepf (New York,
1963).
For a new epistemology grounded in the ambiguities of
heuristics, Michael Polanyi, The Tacit Dimension (New
York,
1966).
TOM TASHIRO
[See also
Analogy; Chain of Being; Hierarchy;
Metaphor; Myth; Poetry;
Symbol.]
