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The Spirit of the Laws

  
[title page]
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The Translator to the Reader
  
CONTENTS
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PREFACE
  
ADVERTISEMENT

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Book I. Of Laws in General.
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Book II. Of Laws Directly Derived from the Nature of Government.
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Book III. Of the Principles of the Three Kinds of Government.
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Book IV. That the Laws of Education Ought to Be in Relation to the Principles of Government.
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Book V. That the Laws Given by the Legislator Ought to Be in Relation to the Principle of Government.
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Book VI. Consequences of the Principles of Different Governments with Respect to the Simplicity of Civil and Criminal Laws, the Form of Judgments, and the Inflicting of Punishments.
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Book VII. Consequences of the Different Principles of the Three Governments with Respect to Sumptuary Laws, Luxury, and the Condition of Women.
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Book VIII. Of the Corruption of the Principles of the Three Governments.
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Book IX., Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to a Defensive Force.
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Book X. Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to Offensive Force.
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Book XI. Of the Laws Which Establish Political Liberty, with Regard to the Consti- tution.
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Book XII. Of the Laws That Form Political Liberty, in Relation to the Subject.
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Book XIII. Of the Relation Which the Levying of Taxes and the Greatness of the Public Revenues Bear to Liberty.
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Book XIV. Of Laws in Relation to the Nature of the Climate.
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Book XV. In What Manner the Laws of Civil Slavery Relate to the Nature of the Climate.
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Book XVI. How the Laws of Domestic Slavery Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate.
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Book XVII., How the Laws of Political Servitude Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate.
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Book XVIII. Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Nature of the Soil.
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Book XIX. Of Laws in Relation to the Principles Which Form the General Spirit, Morals, and Customs of a Nation.
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Book XX. Of Laws in Relation to Commerce, Considered in its Nature and Distinctions.
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Book XXI. Of Laws in relation to Commerce, considered in the Revolutions it has met with in the World.
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Book XXII. Of Laws in Relation to the Use of Money.
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Book XXIII. Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Number of Inhabitants.
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1. Of Men and Animals with respect to the Multiplication of their Species.
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2. Of Marriage.
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3. Of the Condition of Children.
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4. Of Families.
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5. Of the several Orders of lawful Wives.
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6. Of Bastards in different Governments.
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7. Of the Father's Consent to Marriage.
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8. The same Subject continued.
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9. Of young Women.
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10. What it is that determines Marriage.
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11. Of the Severity of Government.
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12. Of the Number of Males and Females in different Countries.
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13. Of Seaport Towns.
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14. Of the Productions of the Earth which require a greater or less Number of Men.
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15. Of the Number of Inhabitants with relation to the Arts.
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16. The Concern of the Legislator in the Propagation of the Species.
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17. Of Greece and the Number of its Inhabitants.
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18. Of the State and Number of People before the Romans.
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19. Of the Depopulation of the Globe.
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20. That the Romans were under the Necessity of making Laws to encourage the Propagation of the Species.
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21. Of the Laws of the Romans relating to the Propagation of the Species.
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22. Of the Exposing of Children.
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23. Of the State of the World after the Destruction of the Romans.
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24. The Changes which happened in Europe with regard to the Number of the Inhabitants.
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25. The same Subject continued.
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26. Consequences.
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27. Of the Law made in France to encourage the Propagation of the Species.
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28. By what means we may remedy a Depopulation.
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29. Of Hospitals.
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Book XXIV. Of Laws in relation to Religion Considered in Itself, and in its Doctrines.
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Book XXV. Of Laws in Relation to the Establishment of Religion and its External Polity.
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Book XXVI. Of Laws in Relation to the Order of Things Which They Determine.
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Book XXVII. Of the Origin and Revolutions of the Roman Laws on Successions.
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Book XXVIII. Of the Origin and Revolutions of the Civil Laws among the French.
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Book XXIX. Of the Manner of Composing Laws.
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Book XXX. Theory of the Feudal Laws among the Franks in the Relation They Bear to the Establishment of the Monarchy.
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Book XXXI. Theory of the Feudal Laws among the Franks, in the Relation They Bear to the Revolutions of their Monarchy.

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previous section3. Of Taxes in Countries where Part of the People are Villains or Bondmen. The Spirit of the Laws
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13.3. 3. Of Taxes in Countries where Part of the People are Villains or
Bondmen.

The state of villainage is sometimes established after a conquest. In that case, the bondman or villain that tills the land ought to have a kind of partnership with his master. Nothing but a communication of loss or profit can reconcile those who are doomed to labour to such as are blessed with a state of affluence.

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