University of Virginia Library

FIELD INSTRUMENTS.

The outfit of Field Instruments contains compasses, transits, and
levels of various approved makes; a solar transit, furnished also with
stadia wires and gradienter for tachymetric work; hand-levels and
clinometers for railway topography; plane tables; a sextant; together
with an adequate supply of leveling rods, telemeter rods, signal
poles, chains, tapes, pins, and so on. For hydraulic work and hydrographic
surveys a hook guage and a current meter are provided. All
students are instructed in the theory and adjustments of the field
instruments and in their practical use in the field. They are also
required to make up their field-books in standard forms; to reduce
their surveys and execute all the necessary profiles, plans, and maps;
and to determine lengths, areas, and volumes both from the maps and
from the original notes. Polar planimeters are provided for facilitating
such estimates and a pantograph for making reduced copies
of finished drawings.