Location Survey:
The preliminary alignment is then drawn by the engineer and
staked in the field. Hundred-foot stations and the P.C.s, P.I.s
and P.T.s along the centerline are staked. Elevations are then
taken on all centerline stakes (hubs) and cross-sections are taken
by stadia. The engineer then refines the horizontal and vertical
alignment and produces the final plan-and-profile drawing. Earthwork
calculations and mass diagrams are made during design to insure
economy. Geometrics, grading plans, cross-sections, subsurface
drainage plans, pavement drawings, and profiles for ditches, are
prepared. In the case of grade separation structures, the structural
engineer and landscape architect work together to prepare detailed
drawings of the exterior features of the bridges and major structures.
After construction drawings are prepared a second public hearing is
held to review the final Environmental Impact Statement and the
final design.
