American negro slavery; :: :: University of Virginia Library

Calabar, Old, 32–34.
Cape Coast Castle, 25.
Capers, William, overseer, 203.
Capital, investment of, in slaves,
51, 65, 301, 302, 359, 360,
363.
Charleston, commerce of, 96, 97,
212.
free negroes in, 402, 430.
industrial census of, 402.
racial adjustments in, problem
of, 97.
slave misdemeanors in, 417,
418.
Denmark Vesey's plot, 477–479.
Churches, racial adjustments in,
rural, 314–322.
urban, 418–423.
Clarkson, Thomas, views of, on
the effects of closing the
slave trade, 148, 149.
Columbus, Christopher, policy of,
13.
Concubinage, 193, 194.
Congoes, tribal traits of, 44.
Connecticut, slavery in, 104, 105.
disestablishment of, 120.
Cooper, Thomas, views of, on the
economics of slavery, 348.
Corbin, Richard, plantation rules
of, 261, 265, 273.
Coromantees, conspiracy of, 469.
tribal traits of, 25, 36, 42–44.
Corporations, ownership of slaves
by, 375–379.
Cotton culture, sea-island, introduction
of, 150–154.
methods and scale of, 223–
225.
upland, engrossment of thought
and energy by, 212–215,
397.
improvements in, 219–223.
Cotton culture, upland, methods
and scale of, 160–163, 207–
211, 225, 226, 288–290.
stimulates westward migration,
170–180.
Cotton gin, invention of, 156–
159.
Cotton mills, 378, 389, 396, 397,
406.
slave operatives in, 378, 379.
Cotton plantations, see plantations,
cotton.
Cotton prices, sea-island, 152,
153, 225.
upland, 159, 160, 162, 183, 212,
215, 227, 336, 370–375,
chart facing, 370.
Cottonseed, oil extracted from,
221.
used as fertilizer, 220, 221.
Covington, Leonard, planter, migration
of, 177, 178.
Creoles, Louisiana, 163, 166.
Criminality among free negroes,
449, 504.
among slaves, 454–488.
Cuba, 15, 66, 165.
Dabney, Thomas S., planter, migration
of, 179.
Dahomeys, 29.
Dale, Sir Thomas, 68, 228.
Davis, Joseph and Jefferson, plantation
policy of, 296.
Delaware, slaves and free negroes
in, 121.
forbids export of slaves, 202.
Depression, financial, in Mississippi,
372, 373.
in Virginia, 183, 391.
Dirt-eating, among Jamaica
slaves, 58.

517

Discipline, of slaves, 63, 262, 269,
270, 275–281, 284, 293–296,
306–308, 414, 415.
Diseases, characteristic, in Africa,
4.
among Jamaica slaves, 53.
venereal, 235.
Doctors, black, in Jamaica, 58.
in South Carolina, 323.
in Virginia, 322, 323.
"Doctoress," slave, in Georgia,
263.
Drivers (plantation foremen),
60–62, 237, 240, 281, 304.
Driving of slaves to death, question
of, 62, 382–386.
Dutch, in the slave trade, 22–26,
30, 37, 107–109.
Dutch West India Company, 107–
109.
Early, Peter, debates the closing
of the foreign slave trade,
140–143.
East India Company, in the slave
trade, 24.
Eboes, tribal traits of, 43, 44.
El Mina, 25.
Elliott, William, planter, 152.
economic views of, 214.
Ellsworth, Oliver, 129.
Emancipation, see manumission.
Encomiendia system, in the
Spanish West Indies, 15.
England, policy of, toward the
slave trade, 23, 25.
Epitaph of Peyton, a slave, 292.
Evans, Henry, negro preacher,
430, 431.
Factorage, in planters' dealings,
236–239.
Factorage, in the slave trade, in
American ports, 41.
in Guinea, 25, 29, 39.
Farmers, free negro, 437.
white, in the Piedmont, 154–
156, 160–162, 207.
in the plantation colonies,
46–49, 66, 72–78, 80, 81, 86,
93–96.
segregation of, 331–336.
in the westward movement,
169–176, 186.
Federal Convention, 129.
Festivities, of slaves, 312–316.
Fithian, Philip V., observations
by, 324, 325.
Foremen, plantation, 60–62, 237,
240, 281, 304.
Foulahs, 26, 31.
Fowler, J. W., cotton picking
records of, 210, 299.
plantation rules of, 262–274.
Franklin and Armfield, slave-dealers,
194–196.
Free negroes, 50, 75, 104, 107,
112, 425–453, 504.
antipathy toward, 439–441.
criminality among, 449, 504.
discriminations against, 448,
449.
emigration projects of, 447–
448.
endorsements of, 429–431, 437.
kidnapping of, 441–445.
legal seizure of, attempts at,
442, 443.
mob violence against, 449,
450.
occupations of, in Augusta,
436, 437.
in Charleston, 402–404.
in New Orleans and New
York, 438, 439.

518

Free negroes, prominent characters
among, 428–433.
processes of procuring freedom
by, 75, 425–430.
qualities and status of, 428–
439.
reënslavement of, 446, 447.
secret societies among, 450–452.
slaveholding by, 75, 433–435.
French, in the slave trade, 25.
Fugitive slaves, see slaves, runaway.
rendition, in the Federal Constitution,
129.
act of 1793, 130.
Funerals, negro, 417, 451, 452.
Gaboons, tribal traits of, 31, 43.
Gabriel, insurrection led by, 474,
475.
Gadsden, Christopher, 125.
Gambia, slave trade on the, 23,
32.
Gang system, in plantation work,
55, 60, 61, 237, 240, 247,
268.
Genoese, in the slave trade 18–23.
Georgia, founding of, 93–95.
free negress visits, 20.
slave imports forbidden in, 93.
permitted in, 94, 95.
restricted by, 133.
uplands, development of, 154–
163.
Gerry, Elbridge, 129.
Gibson, Arthur H., views of, on
the economics of slavery,
358–360, 394.
Godkin, Edwin L., on the migration
of planters, 181, 182.
Gold Coast, 6, 25, 27, 32.
Goodloe, Daniel R., views of, on
slavery, 349, 351.
Gowrie, rice plantation, 254–256,
297.
Grandy King George, African
chief, wants of, 34.
Guiana, British, invites free negro
immigration, 447.
cotton culture in, 150.
Dutch, 23, 108.
Guinea, coastal explorations of,
1, 2, 11, 12.
life and institutions in, 2–8.
slave exports from, beginnings
of, 9–13.
volume of, 32, 33, 39.
tribal traits in, 26, 31, 42–44,
See also negroes and slave
trade.
Hairston, Samuel, planter, 233.
Hammond, James H., planter
and writer, 215–218.
Hampton, Wade, planter, 160,
234.
Harrison, Jesse Burton, views of,
on slavery, 348, 349,
361.
Hawkins, Sir John, adventures
of, in the slave trade, 20,
21.
Hayti (Hispaniola), 14, 15, 23,
65, 447.
Hearn, Lafcadio, on sugar-cane
harvesting, 56, 57.
Helper, Hinton R., views of, on
slavery, 350.
Hemp, 155, 169, 390.
Henry, Patrick, 118.
Henry, Prince, the Navigator,
11, 12.
Heyward, Nathaniel, planter,
249, 250.
Hodgson, W. B., planter, 234,
238, 239, 503.

519

Holidays, of slaves, plantation,
207, 232, 313, 314.
urban, 407, 408, 416.
Hundley D. R., on slave traders,
200, 206.
Immigrants, in the South, 338,
396. See also Irish.
Importations of slaves, 39–41, 52,
57, 58.
prohibition of, 132–159.
Indians, enslaved, in New England,
100, 103.
in South Carolina, 87.
in West Indies, subjugated by
Spaniards, 14–17.
Indigo culture, introduction of,
in Georgia, 95.
in South Carolina, 91.
methods of, 92, 93.
Insurrection of slaves, see slave
plots.
Irish, labor of, on plantations,
244, 246, 301–303, 337.
Jamaica, capture and development
of, 49–54.
maroons of, 465, 466.
nabobs, absentee, 50, 51.
plantations in, 54–65.
runaway slaves in, statistics of,
44.
Jefferson, Thomas, on the foreign
slave trade, 117, 139,
140.
on negroes and slavery, 118,
122, 123.
Jennison, Nathaniel, prosecution
of, 119.
Job Ben Solomon, enslaved and
restored to Africa, 31.
Joloffs, 12, 26.
Kentucky, settlement of, 126, 169.
Kidnapping of free negroes, 441–
445.
King, Rufus, 127.
Kingsley, Z., plantation experience
of, 294, 295.
Lace, Ambrose, slave trader, 33,
34.
Lalaurie, Madame, 511, 512.
Lamar, John B., planter, 288–
290, 413, 414.
Las Casas, Bartholomeo de la, 17.
Laurens, Henry, factor and
planter, 36, 44, 117, 125,
274, 275, 324.
Liberia, 9, 427, 428, 447.
Lincecum, Gideon, peregrinations
of, 174–176.
Lindo, Moses, indigo merchant,
92.
Liverpool, in the slave trade, 32,
33.
types of ships employed, 35.
Loango, 31.
Lodges, negro, 450–452.
London, in the slave trade, 32.
London Company, 67.
Loria, Achille, views of, on slavery
economics, 392–395.
Louisiana, cotton culture in, 226.
slave laws of, 493, 494.
sugar culture in, 163–168, 241–
246.
L'Ouverture, Toussaint, 468, 469.
Lucas, Eliza, 91.
Lynchings, 460–463, 511, 512.
M'Culloch, J, R., views of, on
slavery, 357.
McDonogh, John, manumission
by, method of, 427, 428.
Macon, Nathaniel, 126.

520

Madagascar, slaves procured
from, 24.
Malaria, in Africa, 4.
in South Carolina, 90, 91.
Mandingoes, tribal traits of, 42,
44.
Manigault, Charles, planter, 203,
254–256, 297, 298.
rules of, 261, 263, 271.
Manors in Maryland, 78, 79.
Manumission, of slaves, 59, 329,
400, 425–430 475, 494, 498,
499.
Maroons, negro, in Jamaica, 465,
466.
on the Savannah River,
509, 510.
Martinique, 23.
Maryland, founding of, 78.
free negroes in, 122.
manors in, 78, 79.
plantations in, 79, 80.
slave imports prohibited by,
132.
slaveholdings in, scale of, 84.
slavery in, projects for the disestablishment
of, 121, 122.
Massachusetts, in the slave trade,
33.
slavery in, 99–104.
abolition of, 118–120.
Matthews, Samuel, planter, 72.
Medical attention to slaves, 49,
62, 238.
Mercer, James, planter, 229.
Merolla, Jerom, missionary, 30.
Middle passage, see slave trade,
African.
Midwives, slave, 59, 63, 263, 264.
Migration, 65, 66, 169–189, 332–
338.
Mill, John Stuart, views of, on
slavery, 352.
Miller, Phineas, partner of Eli
Whitney, 157, 158.
Misdemeanors of slaves, in
Charleston, 417.
Missouri, decline of slavery in,
390.
settlement of, 170, 184.
Mississippi, depression in, 372,
373.
product of long-fibre cotton in,
183.
sale of slaves from, 199, 372,
373.
Mobs, violence of, toward free
negroes, 499, 450.
Mocoes, tribal traits of, 43, 44.
Molasses, 38, 39, 65, 158.
Moore, Francis, Royal African
Company factor, 26, 28,
29.
Moors, 9–12, 15.
Mulattoes, 77, 401, 430, 439, 453,
500, 501.
Mules, 219, 242.
Nagoes, tribal traits of, 43, 44.
Negro traits, American, 52, 291–
293, 339, 342, 343.
Angola, 43, 44.
Congo, 43, 44.
Coromantee, 25, 36, 42–44, 469.
Ebo, 43, 44.
Gaboon, 31, 43.
Mandingo, 44.
Nago, 43.
Paw Paw, 26, 43, 44.
Whydah, 26, 43.
Negroes, see antipathy, black
codes, church adjustments,
free negroes, funerals,
plantation labor, plantation
life, slave plots, slave

521

trade, slaveholdings, slavery,
slaves.
New England, in the slave trade,
24, 29, 38, 39, 44, 45, 100,
103, 106.
type of ships employed, 34.
slavery in, 99–107.
disestablishment of, 118.
New Jersey, slavery in, 111, 112.
disestablishment of, 120.
New Netherlands, slavery in, 107.
New Orleans, as a slave market,
165, 193–196.
free negroes in, 433, 438, 439.
New York, negro plots in, 111,
469–471.
slavery in, 107–111.
disestablishment of, 120.
Nicholson, J. S., views of, on
slavery, 357.
Nobility, English, as Jamaica
plantation owners, 50.
North Carolina, early conditions
in, 81, 82.
sentiment on slavery, 126.
Northrup, a kidnapped free negro,
career of, 444, 445.
Northwest Territory, prohibition
of slavery in, 126–128.
Oglethorpe, James, administers
the Royal African Company,
95.
founds Georgia, 93, 94.
restores a slave to Africa, 31.
Olmsted, Frederick L., observations
by, 240, 241, 248, 253,
254, 279, 298, 302, 307, 387,
436, 439.
Overseers, plantation, functions,
salaries, and experiences of,
62, 228, 229, 234, 239, 261–
283, 288, 289, 300, 303, 458.
Panics, financial, effects on slave
prices, 371, 372.
Park, Mungo, in Guinea, 8, 27.
"Particular plantations," in Virginia,
70–72, 79.
Paths, in Guinea, character of,
31.
Paw Paws, tribal traits of, 26,
43, 44.
Pennsylvania, slavery in, 112.
disestablishment of, 120.
Peyton, a slave, epitaph of,
287.
Philips, Martin W., planter and
writer, 172–176, 215–222,
301.
slave epitaph by, 287.
Pickering, Timothy, 126, 127.
Plantation and Frontier, citation
of title in full, 20.
Plantation labor, 291–308.
Plantation life, 309–330.
Plantation management, 261–290.
Plantation mistress, 91, 323, 325,
329.
Plantation rules, 261–275.
Plantation system, cherishment
of slaves in, 301–303, 307,
308, 339, 342, 343, 387, 398.
as a civilizing agency, 291, 309,
313, 325.
gang and task methods in, 228,
247–249.
severity in, question of, 293,
294, 305–308, 382–387.
soil exhaustion in, 332, 333.
towns and factories hampered
in growth by, 339, 340.
westward spread of, 169–186,
333–336.
Plantation tendencies, 331–343.
Plantations, cotton, sea island,
151–154.

522

Plantations, cotton, upland, 154–
163, 205–227, 233–241, 288–
290.
J. H. Hammond estate,
215–218.
Retreat, 234–239.
indigo, 91–93.
"particular," 70–72.
rice, 87–97, 247–259.
Butler's Island, 251.
Gowrie and East Hermitage,
254–257.
Jehossee Island, 251–253.
sugar, in Barbados, 46–49.
Drax Hall, 48, 49.
in Jamaica, 49–66.
Worthy Park, 57–66.
in Louisiana, 163–168, 241–246.
Valcour Aime's estate, 242–
244.
tobacco, 70–85, 228–232.
Belmead, 230–232.
James Mercer's estate, 229,
230.
Planters, absenteeism among, 50,
62, 91, 251, 340, 341.
concern of, for slaves, 387, 398,
410.
dietary of, 311, 312.
exemplified in J. A. S. Acklen,
239, 240, 262–274.
in William Aiken, 251–253.
in John Burnside, 246.
in Robert Carter, 323–325.
in Christopher Codrington,
43.
in Thomas S. Dabney, 178,
179.
in Jefferson and Joseph
Davis, 296.
in Samuel Hairston, 233.
in James H. Hammond, 215–
218, 262–274, 315.
Planters, exemplified in Wade
Hampton, 160, 166, 234.
in Nathaniel Heywood, 249,
250.
in W. B. Hodgson, 234, 238,
239, 503.
in Z. Kingsley, 294–296.
in John B. Lamar, 288–290.
in Henry Laurens, 274, 275,
324.
in Charles Manigault, 254–
257, 266, 297, 298.
in Samuel Matthews, 72, 73.
in James Mercer, 229, 230.
in A. H. Pemberton, 282.
in Martin W. Philips, 215,
218, 219, 222, 287, 301.
in George Washington, 283,
286.
in David R. Williams, 283.
gentility of, 97, 324–327, 343,
397, 398.
homesteads of, 309, 311, 324,
325.
innovations by, 87, 91, 152, 153,
164, 338, 339.
management by, 216–308.
migration of, 177–182.
purchases of slaves by, 40, 52,
57, 58, 187, 189, 198, 203,
204, 363, 365.
rules of, 261–275.
sales of slaves by, 191, 192, 387.
sports of, 324.
temper of, 306, 323–330, 398.
Poor whites, in the South, 355,
356, 398.
Cairnes' assertions concerning,
356.
Portugal, activities of, in Guinea,
1, 11, 12, 20, 26, 30.
an appanage of Spain, 19, 22.
negroes in, 1, 2, 12, 13, 28.

523

Preachers, negro, 269, 270, 278,
295, 418–423, 430, 431.
Procter, Billy, a slave, letter of,
413, 414.
Providence, "Old," a Puritan colony
in the tropics, career
of, 98, 99.
Puritans, attitude of, toward slavery,
98–102, 113, 114.
Quakers, relationship of, to slavery,
48, 98, 107, 111, 112,
121–126, 130.
Quincy, Josiah, 141.
Railroad companies, slave ownership
by, 375–378.
Randolph, Edmund, disrelishes
slavery, 118.
Randolph, John, of Roanoke, on
the coasting trade in
slaves, 144–146.
on depression in Virginia, 183,
391.
manumits his slaves, 426.
Randolph, Richard, provides for
the manumission of his
slaves, 425, 426, 436.
Rape, by negroes in the ante-bellum
South, 454–462.
Rats, a pest in Jamaica, 60.
Rattoons, of sugar cane, 54,
55.
Religion, among slaves, rural,
314–322.
urban, 418–423.
Retreat, cotton plantation, 334–
339.
Revolution, American, doctrines
of, 115, 116.
effects of, on slavery, 117,
118, 122–125.
Negroes in, 116, 117.
Revolution, American, radicalism
of, waning of, 128,
131.
Rhode Island, in the slave trade,
28.
resolution advocating the stoppage
of the slave trade,
130.
slavery in, 105, 107.
disestablishment of, 120.
Rice birds (bobolinks), damage
from, 90.
Rice culture, introduced into
Georgia, 95.
into South Carolina, 87.
methods of, 95, 96.
plantations in, 89, 258, 259.
scale of, 247–259.
Rishworth, Samuel, early agitator
against slavery, 99.
Rolfe, John, introduces tobacco
culture into Virginia, 69.
Roustabouts, Irish, qualities of,
302.
negro, 292, 293.
Royal African Company, 24, 25,
31, 39.
Ruffin, Edmund, advocates agricultural
reforms, 215, 220.
views of, on slavery, 352–354,
387, 398.
Rum, product of, in Jamaica, 44,
63.
rations issued to slaves, in
Jamaica, 44, 63.
in South Carolina, 266.
use of, in the Guinea trade, 7,
27, 33, 38.
Runaway slaves, general problem,
303.
of George Washington, 285, 286.
in Georgia, 234, 238, 257, 258.
in Jamaica, 44, 63.

524

Runaway slaves in Mississippi,
240.
Russell, Irwin, "Christmas in the
Quarters," 315, 316.
Sabine Fields, rice plantation,
257, 258.
Sahara, slave trade across, 9.
Saluda factory, slave operatives
in, 379.
San Domingo, emigration from,
to Louisiana, 165.
revolution in, 131, 467–469.
Say, J. B., views of, on slavery,
347.
Sea-island cotton introduced into
the United States, 152.
methods and scale of culture,
153, 154, 223–225.
Seasoning of slaves, in Jamaica, 58.
Secret societies, negro, 450–452.
Senegal, slave trade in, 25.
Senegalese, tribal traits of, 42.
Senegambia, 32.
Serfdom, 10, 344, 345, 346, 400.
Servants, white indentured, in
Barbados, 46, 47.
in Connecticut, 104.
in Jamaica, 50.
in Maryland, 80.
in Massachusetts, 99.
in Pennsylvania, 112.
in South Carolina and Georgia,
155.
in Virginia, 70, 73, 74, 78.
revolts by, 464.
Servitude, indentured, tendencies
of, 346.
Shackles, used on slaves, 180,
181, 511.
Shenendoah Valley, 169, 192.
Ships, types of, in the slave
trade, 34, 35, 38.
Sierra Leone, 31.
Slave Coast, 32, 43.
Slave felons, 193.
Slave plots and insurrections,
general survey of, 463–
468.
disquiet caused by, 482–488.
Gabriel's uprising, 474, 475.
in "Old" Providence, 99.
in New York, 111, 467, 469.
proclivity of Coromantees toward,
42, 469.
San Domingan revolution, 456–
459.
Stono rebellion, 473.
Nat Turner's (Southampton),
revolt, 480.
Denmark Vesey's conspiracy,
477–499.
Slave trade, African, 9–45.
the asiento, 17–19, 22, 23.
barter in, 27, 28, 33.
chieftains active in, 34.
closing of, by various states,
132–138.
by Congress, 132, 138–
148.
effects of, 148, 149, 370–
372.
drain of funds by, 396, 397,
401.
Liverpool's prominence in,
32, 33.
the middle passage, 35–38.
reopening, project of, 399.
Royal African Company, 24–
28.
ships employed in, types of,
34, 35.
care and custody of slaves
on, 35, 36.
tricks of, 52.
Yankee traders in, 24, 29.

525

Slave trade, domestic, 187–203.
beginnings of, 187–189.
effects of, 203.
methods in, 194–201.
to Louisiana, 165, 166, 168,
193–196.
scale of, 195, 196.
Slave traders, domestic, 190–196.
Franklin and Armfield, 194,
195.
methods and qualities of,
190, 192, 195–201.
reputations of, blackened,
304.
maritime, 27–30, 33–36, 41.
Slaveholding, vicissitudes of, 379–
382.
Slaveholdings, by corporations,
375–379.
by free negroes, 75, 433–436.
scale of, in the cotton belt, 226,
333–336.
in Jamaica, 51.
in Maryland, 84.
in New York, 109, 110.
in towns, 402.
in Virginia, 80, 83, 84, 230.
on the South Carolina coast,
95, 96, 156, 161.
Slavery, in Africa, 6–9, 23, 27, 31.
in the American Revolution,
115–126.
in ancient Rome, 341, 342.
in the British West Indies, 23,
24, 46–66, 490–492.
in Europe, 1, 2, 10–13, 344, 345.
in Georgia, 93–95, 493.
in Louisiana, 163, 168.
in the North, 98–114.
disestablishment of, 118–121.
in South Carolina, 86–93, 95–
97, 124, 125, 492, 495.
in Spanish America, 14–19.
Slavery in Virginia, 74–77, 80,
82–85, 122–124.
See also black codes, negroes,
and plantation labor, life
and management.
Slaves, negro, artizans among,
360, 370, 403–406.
as factory operatives, 378,
379.
birth rates of, 54, 58, 64, 273,
298, 299.
branding of, 26, 63, 304, 328,
454, 455.
"breaking in" of, 53, 291,
307.
breeding, forced, question of,
361, 362.
capital invested in, 51,
65, 243, 255, 301, 302,
359, 360, 363, 387, 391, 397,
399.
children, care and control of,
59, 60, 253, 261, 264, 307,
313, 357.
church adjustments of, 314–
322, 418–423.
conspiracies of, see slave
plots and insurrections.
crimes of, 102, 454–488.
crops of, private, 238, 268,
277, 279, 305.
dealers in, see slave traders.
discipline of, 262, 269, 270,
275–281, 284, 293–296, 306–
308, 501.
diseases and death rates of,
53, 58, 256, 300, 303.
driving of, to death, question
of, 62, 382–387.
earnings of private, 305, 410–
414.
felons among, disposal of,
193, 454–459.

526

Slaves, negro, festivities of, 312–
316, 416, 417.
food and clothing of, 49, 64,
265, 266, 276–279, 286, 293,
296–298, 312, 359, 397, 491,
503.
foemen among, 57, 60–62,
237, 272, 284, 304, 322.
hiring of, 57, 59, 204, 229,
286, 339, 380, 405–414, 499,
503.
to themselves, 339, 411–414,
499, 503.
holidays of, 207, 209, 232,
305, 407, 408, 416, 417.
hospitals for, 58, 243, 252,
253, 404.
labor of, schedule of, 267,
268, 306–308.
laws concerning, 75–77, 98–
112, 489–514.
life insurance of, 197, 363
and note, 364, 376, 406.
manumission of, 59, 329, 400,
425–430, 459, 475, 498.
marriages of, 254, 256, 269,
294, 298, 299, 314, 404, 493,
494 500, 512, 513.
annulment of, 269.
medical and surgical care of,
49, 62, 256, 263, 275, 289,
301, 322, 323, 387.
plots and insurrections of,
19, 42, 99, 457, 459–488.
police of, 272, 414–417, 487–
499.
preachers among, 269, 270,
278, 295, 418–423, 430, 431.
prices of, 27, 28, 38–40, 104,
133, 148, 359–395, 400,
chart facing 370.
property of, 392–394, 494,
512, 513.
Slaves, negro, protection of, from
strain and exposure, 255,
256, 301–303, 398.
punishments of, 49, 102, 270–
273, 417, 418, 454–459, 497.
purchases of, 40, 49, 52, 57,
58, 187, 189, 245, 246, 360,
364, 366, 369, 376, 377, 379,
389.
by themselves, 413.
drain of funds, caused
by, 395–397, 401.
quarters of, 252, 253, 267,
279, 289, 298, 310.
sanitation of, 267, 277.
rape by, 454–462.
religion among, 269, 270,
314–322, 418–423.
revolts of, see slave plots and
insurrections.
rewards of, 62, 272, 279, 425,
428 and note, 459.
rum allowances to, 62, 63,
266.
running away by, 44, 63, 238,
285, 286, 301–303, 304, 429,
500.
sales of, 36–41, 150, 165, 166,
191, 193, 199, 361, 371, 382,
411.
shackling of, 180, 181, 511.
social stratification among,
414, 415.
speculation in, 367, 371–375,
395.
stealing of, 381, 382.
strikes by, 303, 304.
suicide of, 38, 43, 271, 272,
381.
suits by, for freedom, 443,
445, 500.
concerning, 501–503, 505
509.

527

Slaves, negro, temper of, 1, 25
26, 36, 41–44, 52, 235, 276,
278, 280, 281, 285, 291–293,
306, 307, 324–327.
torture of, 102, 462, 463, 465,
479, 511.
town adjustments of, 402–
424.
undesirable types of, 187,
192, 193, 280, 281.
wages of, 57, 406–414.
in the westward movement,
177–182, 189–198, 203.
women among, care and control
of, 261, 263, 264, 276,
280, 281, 285.
work, rates of, 267, 268 306–
308.
working of, to death, question
of, 62, 382–386.
Smart, William, views of, on
slavery, 357, 358.
Smith, Adam, views of, on slavery,
347.
Smith, Captain John, 68.
Smith, Landgrave Thomas, 87.
Snelgrave, William, in the maritime
slave trade, 36.
Soil exhaustion, 332, 336.
Southampton insurrection, 480–
482.
South Carolina, closing and reopening
of the foreign
slave trade in, 132–138.
cotton culture in, 151–153, 159–
161.
emigration from, 184, 389, 390.
founding of, 85–88.
indigo culture in, 91–93.
rice culture in, 87–91.
slave imports, prohibited by,
134, 135.
reopened by, 136–138.
South Carolina, slave laws of,
492, 493.
slaveholdings in, scale of, 95,
96, 156, 161.
uplands, development of, 154,
155, 159–161.
Spain, annexation of Portugal
by, 19, 22.
asiento instituted by, 17–19.
negroes in, 2.
police of American dominions
by, 20–22.
policy of, toward Indians and
negroes, 13–23.
Spaulding, Thomas, planter, 152.
Spinners, on plantations, 161, 230,
236.
Spratt, L. W., views of, on conditions
in South Carolina,
389, 390.
Staples, see cotton, hemp, indigo,
rice, sugar and tobacco
culture, and plantations.
Steamboat laborers, Irish, 302.
negro, 292, 293, 303.
Sugar culture, in Barbados, 46–
49.
in Jamaica, 49–65.
in Louisiana, 163–168, 241–246.
methods and apparatus of, 54–
57, 167, 384.
plantations in, scale of, 50, 51,
166, 168, 245.
types of, 48, 49, 57–66, 242–
244.
in the Spanish West Indies, 15.
Task system, in plantation industry,
228, 247, 249, 267.
Taylor, John, of Caroline, agricultural
writings of, 219,
220.

528

Telfair, Alexander, plantations
of, 234–239, 257, 258.
rules of, 263, 267–271.
Tennessee, settlement of, 170,
184.
Texas, 168, 171, 337.
Thomas, E. S., bookseller, experience
of, 137, 138.
Thorpe, George, Virginia colonist,
71.
Tobacco culture, in Maryland, 79.
method of, 82, 83.
in North Carolina, 81.
plantations in, scale of, 83, 84.
types of, 229–232.
in the uplands of South Carolina
and Georgia, 155.
in Virginia, 69, 73.
Towns, Southern, growth of,
hampered, 339, 340.
slaves in, 402–424.
Tucker, St. George, project of,
for extinguishing slavery
in Virginia, 124.
Turner, Nat, insurrection led by,
480–482.
Utrecht, treaty of, grants the
asiento to England, 23, 25.
Van Buren, A. de Puy, observations
by, 302, 324–326.
Venetians, in the Levantine slave
trade, 10.
Vermont, prohibition of slavery
by, 118.
Vesey, Denmark, conspiracy of,
477, 479.
Vigilance committees, 510.
Virginia, founding and early experience
of, 67–73.
free negroes in, 75, 124.
Virginia, plantations in, "particular,"
70–72.
private, 72–78, 228–232.
servants, indentured, in, 70–75.
slave crimes in, 457–459.
slave imports, prohibited by,
132.
slave laws of, 75–77, 493.
slave revolts in, 472–474, 480,
481.
slaveholdings in, scale of, 80,
83, 84, 230.
slavery, introduced in, 74–77.
disestablishment in, projects
of, 122–124.
tobacco culture in, 69, 73, 79–
84, 229–232.
Walker, Quork, suits concerning
the freedom of, 119.
Washington, George, apprehensions
of, concerning slave
property, 150.
desires the gradual abolition of
slavery, 123.
imports cotton, 151.
as a planter, 84, 283–286.
West Indies, British, 46–66.
prosperity and decline in,
progression of, 65, 66.
servile plots and insurrections
in, 464–466.
slave prices in, on the eve of
abolition, 400.
Spanish, colonization of, 15–19.
negro slavery in, introduction
of, 15–19.
Weston, P. C. plantation rules
of, 261–273.
Westward movement, 169–187,
189, 332–338.
Whitney, Eli, invents the cotton
gin, 156–158.

529

Whydahs, tribal traits of, 26, 29,
43.
Williams, David R., planter,
233.
Williams, Francis, a free negro,
career of, 332.
Women, slave, care of, in pregnancy
and childbirth, 261–
264.
Women, slave, difficulties in controlling,
276, 280, 281, 285.
Working of slaves to death, question
of, 62, 382–386.
Worthy Park, Jamaica plantation,
records of, 57–65.
Yeomanry, white, in the South,
78, 160, 334, 337, 398.