University of Virginia Library

FIELD INSTRUMENTS.

The outfit of Field Instruments contains compasses, transits, and levels
of various approved makes; a solar transit, furnished also with stadia
wires and gradienter for tachymetric work; hand-levels and clinometers
for railway topography; plane tables; a sextant; together with an
adequate supply of leveling rods, telemeter rods, signal poles, chains, tapes,
pins, and so on. For hydraulic work and hydrographic surveys a hook
gauge and a current meter are provided. All students are instructed in
the theory and adjustments of the field instruments and in their practical
use in the field. They are also required to make up their field-books in
standard forms; to reduce their surveys and execute all the necessary
profiles, plans, and maps; and to determine lengths, areas, and volumes
both from the maps and from the original notes. Polar planimeters are
provided for facilitating such estimates and a pantograph for making
reduced copies of finished drawings.