University of Virginia Library

FIRST YEAR.

Anatomy 1.—Six hours weekly until November 1st; twelve hours
weekly from November 1st to the end of the winter term. This course
begins with a systematic study of the bones, on the completion of which a
part (either the head and neck with the upper extremity and thorax, or
the lower extremity and abdomen) is assigned to each student for dissection
and study. For this purpose each cadaver is considered as composed
of four parts; on the completion of this course and Anatomy 3 each
student has dissected a lateral half of the body. Emphasis is placed upon
the benefit to be derived by the student who obtains his knowledge at first
hand and by his own personal efforts. While practical dissection and the
consideration of topographical relations make up the essential features of
the course, there are occasional lectures and frequent recitations, followed
by a final written examination in March. The satisfactory performance
of the laboratory work is essential to a passing grade. Dr. Whitehead.

Anatomy 2.—Six hours weekly during the spring term. This course
consists in a laboratory study of the anatomy of the central nervous
system carried out in considerable detail. The gross anatomy of the
spinal cord and brain is first considered, on the completion of which sections
of the more important regions are studied carefully with the aid of the
microscope. For the purposes of the course the laboratory is well equipped.
Fresh brains are obtained each year from the dissecting material of the
departments; and several excellent series of sections of the cord and
brain both of infants and adults stained by the Weigert-Pal method are
thoroughly used. The laboratory work is supplemented by recitations and
occasional lectures. Dr. Whitehead.

Histology.—Three lectures or recitations and nine hours of laboratory
work weekly during the fall and winter terms. The student's record in the
course will depend upon his recitations, laboratory drawing books, and final
examination, both written and practical. The course aims to acquaint the
student primarily with the microscopic structure of cells, tissues, and
organs. Cytogenesis and histogenesis are briefly considered in the case of
many tissues studied; and the relation of the whole subject of histology
to pathology is never lost sight of. The student is also given opportunity
to acquaint himself with the principles and practice of histological
technique. The laboratory is excellently equipped with microscopes,
paraffin baths, microtomes, and various accessories essential to the most
favorable presentation of this course.

A record of seventy per cent. in this course is required for admission
to Physiology, and of eighty per cent. for admission to Pathology. Dr.
Jordan, Mr. Steele and Mr. Williams.

Embryology.—Nine hours weekly during the spring term. The laboratory
work (six hours weekly) is accompanied by lectures, recitations, and
the study of models and text-books. The course aims to give the student
a knowledge of developmental processes, in the light of which he may the
better understand the more abstruse normal conditions of adult anatomy,
as well as many anomalies and variations, neoplasms and malformations.
The close correlation of obstetrics is recognized, and a correct knowledge
of the fetus and its membranes is taught from the embryological approach.
The course is made as practical as possible for the student and practitioner
of medicine. It begins with a consideration of maturation phenomena,
fertilization, segmentation, and the development of the germ-layers. This
study is made chiefly upon the ova and early stages of an invertebrate,
followed by a comparison in an amphibian. The chick is used for the
primary relations of the systems to one another; and this is followed
by the study of pig embryos, where each system is taken up separately
and the organology and histogenesis of its parts are studied. Finally,
the fetal membranes and their relations to the fetus and uterus are studied
in their variations among the amniota. Dr. Jordan, Mr. Steele and Mr.
Williams.

Organic Chemistry.—Lectures and recitations three hours weekly,
laboratory work six hours weekly during the fall and winter terms. This
course includes the systematic study of organic chemistry or the chemistry
of the compounds of carbon, with special reference to substances of importance
in their relation to medicine. The object of this course of study
is to familiarize the student with the more important organic compounds
and with the methods at present employed in chemical synthesis and to
lay the foundation for subsequent work in physiological chemistry, pharmacology,
etc., etc.

A record of seventy per cent. on this course is required for admission
to Physiological Chemistry. Dr. Kastle and Dr. Edgar.

Physiological Chemistry.—Three lectures, three recitations and nine
hours of laboratory work weekly during the spring term. This course has
for its object to afford instruction in the fundamentals of physiological
chemistry, especially the chemical structure, properties, and reactions of
the more important compounds with which the student must deal in his
subsequent studies of physiology. The laboratory work, for which ample
facilities are provided, consists of the thorough study of the properties
of the carbonhydrates, fats, soaps, fatty acids, and proteins, and of the
more important members of each of these groups; the composition of blood,
milk, muscle, pancreas, and other organs; the action of the more important
digestive enzymes and of the bile; and the chemistry of the urine.
Accurate quantitative determinations are required of urea (Folin), total
nitrogen (Kjeldahl), uric acid (Hopkins-Folin), ammonia (Folin), sugar
(Fehling and Benedict), and kreatinin (Folin). Other processes of
quantitative analysis, such as the Soxhlet method of fat determination
and the silver nitrate method of determining the total purins, are either
demonstrated or their essential manipulations carried out by the student
himself. The exceptional preparation of students not only in general but
also in organic chemistry makes it possible to acquire in this course both
a clear understanding of the problems of physiological chemistry, and
also skill in the use of the fundamental qualitative and quantitative
methods.

A grade of seventy per cent. on this course is required for admission
to Physiology. Dr. Kastle and Dr. Edgar.