University of Virginia Library

VI
THE LAST DAYS OF MONTRÉSOR AND
MONTRAVILLE

After his arrival home. Colonel Montrésor was often asked to give his views of the American war, and the causes of British defeat. Usually he did so in terms critical and even caustic, disclosing at times a bitterness of sentiment that seems to have sprung from disappointment at not securing promotion. He had ardently desired promotion in accordance with the duration and character of his services in America. Eventually he was made a colonel, but during the years in which he did his important work, including the period when he was Chief Engineer in America, his rank had been no higher than captain or major.

His failure to secure better rank could not have been due to want of a meritorious record. Nor does it seem likely that in that age of bold adventure and dissolute habits among British Army officers, the connection of his name with the tragedy of Charlotte Stanley, if known in London, would have done his professional reputation any serious harm. The more probable reason is that successful engineers the British Army at that time were not advanced in rank after the manner successful soldiers. "In the present state of the engineer corps," said he, "you can be but colonel, should you arrive to be even Chief Engineer of England."

Colonel Montrésor purchased an estate called Belmont, near Faversham, in Kent, and added to his purchase in the same neighborhood afterward. He also had a London house in Portland Place. Belmont some years later was burned, and the house of one of his sons near Belmont was also destroyed. Meanwhile he said

his wife's family in America had been "reduced from opulence to poverty for their loyalty to the Crown." Before the war he was "in independent circumstances," but afterward had "all his collateral connections to maintain, and was tormented by a court of inquisition at the Creditors' Office."

In 1785 and 1786 he made a tour of France, England, and Switzerland with his family, meeting in Germany several Hessian officers with whom he had served in America, including Knyphausen, then in receipt of a pension of 300 from England, with whom he dined. He complains in his journal that from the Hessians (except Knyphausen) he did not receive the most hospitable treatment, altho he had brought letters from prominent Englishmen. At the Landgravine's Court, his welcome, however, was most polite, and even friendly. He died in 1788, in his fifty-first year, his wife surviving him until 1826.

The later career of Montraville, as we obtain glimpses of it in "Lucy Temple," published more than thirty years after "Charlotte Temple," and in which he appears under the new name of Colonel Franklin (Franklin being the family name of the woman whom Montraville is represented as having Married just before Charlotte died), accords somewhat closely with known facts in the life of Montrésor. For example, the author says "his home was one of the most elegant in Portland Place," and Belmont is described as "Beliview, a large, handsome, and commodious mansion in Faversham, Kent, with several well-tenanted farms, pleaure-house, fish-ponds, green and hot, houses."

Colonel Franklin is represented as dying before his time, after a lingering illness. His character in general is summed up as that of a man possessed of "patient, noble, and generous feeling—a promise of everything that was excellent

in character, and desirable in fortune—all blighted by once yielding to the impulses of guilty passion." He would have changed, "not only his name, but his own self," could he have done it, so deeply had he desired to blot out the dark stain on his record.

The most striking scene in the book is that in which the author describes Franklin's death. Lucy, when approaching her twentieth birthday, had become acquainted with Colonel Franklin's son, a young lieutenant. Neither he nor she at the time knew of the relation between their parents, nor of the changes that had taken place in their own names.

Lieutenant Franklin made Lucy an offer of marriage. On her twenty-first birthday she accepted it, and her guardian the same day presented her with a miniature portrait of her mother, taken when she was sixteen years old, and bearing the initials "C. T."—a portrait she had never before seen. The arrangements

for the marriage had been completed, when Lieutenant Franklin was called to London by news of the alarming condition of his father, who, as it proved lay on his death-bed in the house in Portland Place. The young man had spoken to his father of his approaching marriage, when the following dramatic scene took place:

Such are the known facts in Montrésor's later biography, and such is the picture in "Lucy Temple" of the melancholy scenes amid which Colonel Franklin's life came to its untimely close. These we may

cite in support of Mrs. Rowson's statement that the last years of Montraville's life "would tend to prove that retribution treads upon the heels of vice."

Of the substantial truth of the story told in "Lucy Temple," as affecting Colonel Montr6sor's last days, there seems to be little room for serious doubt. Samuel L. Knapp who, shortly after Mrs. Rowson's death, wrote the memoir of her that accompanies the first edition of the book (published in 1828, and the called "Charlotte's Daughter,") knew Mrs. Rowson well. After quoting the remark, made by her in reply to Cobbett's assault, that "from the most authentic sources I could now trace his [Montraville's] history from the period of his marriage to within a very few late years of his death," Mr. Knapp adds that the information which Mrs. Rowson thus declared to be within her personal knowledge, "forms the basis of 'Charlotte' Daughter.'"