University of Virginia Library


169

GENUNDEWAH.

(A LEGEND OF CANANDAIGUA LAKE.)

“For contemplation he and valor formed;
For softness she, and sweet attractive grace.”—
Milton.

Why, chieftain, linger on this barren hill
That overbrows yon azure sheet below?
Red sunset glimmers on the leaping rill,
Dark night is near, and we have far to go!”
‘This scene’—replied he, leaning on his bow—
‘Is hallowed by tradition:

In Indian mythology may be found the richest poetic materials. An American author is unworthy of the land that gave him birth, if he passes by with indifference, this well-spring of inspiration, sending liberally forth a thousand enchanted streams. It has given spiritual inhabitants to our valleys, rivers, hills, and inland seas. It has peopled the dim and awful depths of our forests with gliding spectres; and, by the power of association, given our scenery a charm that will make it attractive forever.

The material eye is gratified by a passing glimpse of nature's external features—but a beauty, unknown, unseen before, invests them if linked to stories of the past; in the creation of which, fabling fancy has been a diligent co-worker with memory. The red man was a being who delighted in the mystical and the wild. It was a part of his woodland inheritance. Good and evil genii performed for him their allotted tasks. Joyous tidings, freedom from disease and disaster; success in the chase, and on the war-path, were traceable to the Master of Life (Ou-wee-ne-you), and his subordinate ministers. Blight that fell upon the corn, was attributed, on the contrary, to demoniac agency; and the shaft that missed its mark, was turned aside by the invisible hand of some mischievous sprite.

Deities presided over the elements. The Chippewas had their little wild men of the woods, that remind one of Puck, Puck and his frolicsome brotherhood; and like our first parents, the dark-haired sons of the wilderness.

—“from the steep
Of echoing hill or thicket, often heard
Celestial voices.”

In a work treating of the legendary lore of the Senecas, the story of their origin deserves a prominent place. Many versions of it are afloat agreeing in material points, but differing in the details. I have adopted, as the ground-work of my poem, the narrative of Captain Jones, late Indian interpreter, and a man who towered in intellectual stature above common men, as the pines (to use an Indian metaphor,) rise above the smaller trees of the forest. The Great Hill, at the head of Canandaigua Lake, whence they sprung, is called Ge-nun-de-wah.

Tradition says, that it was crowned by a fort, to which the braves of the tribe retreated, at night-fall, after waging war with giants (Jo-gah-uh). It was formerly a chosen seat of Iroquois council—and wrinkled seers were in the habit of climbing its sides for the purpose of offering up prayers to the Great Spirit. It was made a place of worship in consequence of the destruction of a great serpent in ancient times in a most miraculous manner—an insatiate monster that devoured the inhabitants of the fort alluded to, as they passed, half-famished out of the gate, at which point the head and tail of the monster, after encircling the fortification, met. All perished save a youthful pair, who were saved by the interposition of the Great Spirit, as described in the poem.

—wondrous birth

Here to my tribe was given long ago;
We stand where rose they from disparting earth
To light a deathless blaze on Fame's unmouldering hearth.
A fort they reared upon this summit bleak,
Guided by counsel from the spirit land;
And, clad in dart-proof panoply, would seek
The plains beneath each morn—a valiant band!
And warfare wage with giants, hand to hand:
They conquered in the struggle, and the bones
Of their dead foemen on the echoing strand
Of the blue lake lay blent with wave-washed stones,
And pale, unbodied ghosts filled air with hollow moans.

170

Ut-co, the scowling king of evil,

Though this spirit, Mr. Parker, the Indian interpreter informs me, is subordinate to a greater power of mischief, I have adhered to the literal narrative, by his introduction.

heard

The voice of lamentation, and wild ire
The depths of his remorseless bosom stirr'd;
Of that gigantic brood he was the sire,
And flying from his cavern, arched with fire,
He hovered o'er these waters:—at his call
Uprushed a hideous monster, spire on spire—
Call so astounding, that the rocky wall
Of this bold mountain-range, seemed tottering to its fall.
With his infernal parent for a guide
The hungry serpent left his watery lair,
Dragging his scaly terrors up the side
Of this tall hill, now desolate and bare:
Filled with alarm the Senecas espied
His dread approach, and launched a whizzing shower
Of arrows on the foe, whose iron hide
Repelled their flinty points, and in that hour
The boldest warrior fled from strife with fiendish power.
The loathsome messenger of woe and death,
True to his dark and awful mission, wound,
Polluting air with his envenomed breath
Huge folds the palisaded camp around:
Crouched at his master's feet the faithful hound,
And raised a piteous and despairing cry—
No outlet of escape the mother found
For her imploring infants, and on high
Lifted her trembling hands in voiceless agony.
Forming a hideous circle at the gate
The reptile's head and tail together lay;
Distended were the fang-set jaws in wait
For victims, thus beleaguered, night and day;
And not unlike the red and angry ray
Shot by the bearded comet was the light
Of his unslumbering eye that watched for prey;
His burnished mail flashed back the sunshine bright,
And round him pale the woods grew with untimely blight.

171

When famine raged within their guarded hold,
And wan distemper thinn'd their numbers fast,
Crowding the narrow gateway, young and old
With the fixed look of desperation passed
From life to dreadful death;—a charnel vast,
The creature's yawning throat, entombed the strong,
And lovely of the tribe:—remained at last
Two lovers only of that mighty throng
To chaunt with feeble voice a nation's funeral song.
Comely to look on was the youthful pair:—
One, like the mountain pine, erect and tall,
Was of imposing presence;—his dark hair
Had caught its hue from night's descending pall—
Light was his tread—his port majestical—
And well his kingly brow became a form
Of matchless beauty:—like the rise and fall
Of a strong billow in the hour of storm
Beat his undaunted heart with glory's impulse warm.
Graced was his belt by beads of dazzling sheen,
And painted quills—the handiwork of one
Dearer than life to him; though he had seen
From the gray hills, beneath a wasting sun,
Only the snows of twenty winters run,
The warrior's right his scalp lock to adorn
With eagle plumes in battle he had won:
O'erjoyed were prophets old when he was born,
And hailed him with one voice “First Sunbeam of the Morn.”
The other!—what of her? bright shapes beyond
This darkened earth wear looks like those she wore;
Graceful her mien as lily of the pond
That nods to every wind which passes o'er
Its fragrant head a welcome:—never more
By loveliness so rare will earth be blest;
Softer than ripple breaking on the shore
By moonlight, was her voice, and in her breast
Pure thought a dwelling found—the bird of love a nest.

172

Round her would hop unscared the sinless bird,
And court the lustre of her gentle glance,
Hushing each ‘wood-note wild’ whene'er it heard
Her song of joy:—her countenance
Inspired beholder with a thought that chance
Had borne her hither from some better land:—
To deck her tresses for the festive dance
Girls of the tribe would bring, with liberal hand,
Blossoms and rose-lipped shells from bower and reedy strand.
A thing of beauty is the slender vine
That wreaths its verdant arm around the oak,
As if it there could safely intertwine
Shielded from ringing axe—the lightning stroke—
And, like that vine, the girl, of whom I spoke,
Clung to her brave companion:—scalding tears
Rained from her elk like eyes, and sobs outbroke
From her o'er-labored bosom, while her ears
Were filled with soothing tones that did not hush her fears.
“Mourner! the hour of rescue is at hand!
This hill will tremble to its rocky base
When Ou-wee-ne-yon utters stern command:
Joy, ere another fleeting moon, the trace
Of clouding sorrow from thy brow will chase:—
Fear not! for I am left to guard thee yet,
Last of the daughters of a luckless race!
We must not, in the time of grief, forget
That light breaks forth anew from orbs that darkly set.”
Thus, day by day, would Oh-wen-do-skah strive
To cheer the drooping spirits of the maid,
And keep one glimmering spark of hope alive.
In the deep midnight, for celestial aid,
While cowered the trembler at his knee, he prayed
In tones that might have touched a heart of rock:
One morn exclaimed he—“be no more afraid!
Bright, peerless scion of a broken stock!
For heaven the monster's coil is arming to unlock.

173

“Reserved for some high destiny, despite
The downfall of our people, we live on—
My dreams were of deliverance last night,
And peril of impending death withdrawn:
A light, my weeping one, begins to dawn
On the thick gloom by sorrow round us cast
The lead-like pressure of despair is gone,
And rides a viewless courier on the blast,
Who whispers—‘Lo! the hour of vengeance comes at last.’
“Gorged with his meal of blood, unstirring sleeps
In his tremendous ring our mortal foe;
Film-veiled, his savage eye no longer keeps
Grim watch for victims:—warily and slow
Follow thy lover, armed with bended bow
Of timber shaped in many a battle tried:—
Some guardian spirit will before me throw
A shield, by human vision undescried,
Should he awake in wrath, and hence our footsteps guide.”
It was, I ween, a sight to freeze each vein
That courses through our perishable clay,
When sallied forth, with muffled tread, the twain;
A look of wild, unutterable dismay
Convulsed Te-yos-yu's visage, while the way,
A spear-length in advance, her lover led.
Reaching the portal, paused he to survey
The dangerous pass, through which a grisly head,
Deprest to earth, he saw—its mouth with carnage red!
“On! on!”—he whispered—“and the sightless mole
Our foot-fall must not hear, or we are lost!”
Nerved to high purpose was his warlike soul,
As the dark threshold of the gate he crossed;
But fear that instant “chilled his limbs with frost;”
For high its swollen neck the monster raised,
Gore dripping from its jaws with foam emboss'd,
And, rimmed with fire, each circling eye-ball blazed,
As light, unwounding dart its horny armor grazed.

174

Sick by a foul and fetid odor made,
Recoiled the champion from unequal fray;
Cut off all hope of rescue, he surveyed
Fiercely the danger, like a stag at bay!
Where was Te-yos-yu?—she had swooned away!
And hoof-crushed wild flower of the forest brown
Resembled her, as soiled with dust she lay:
Long on the seeming corse the Chief looked down,
For 'twas a sight the cup of his despair to crown.
Kneeling at length, upheld he with strong arm
Her beauteous head, but in the temples beat
No pulse of life:—tears gushing fast and warm
Refresh a heart, of transient ill the seat,
As rain-drops cool the summer's mid-day heat;
But when descends some desolating blow
That makes this world a desert, how unmeet
Is outward symbol!—and far, far below
The water-mark of grief was Oh-wen-do-skah's woe.
In broken tones he murmured:—“Must the name
Of a great people be revived no more,
And like an echo pass away their fame,
Or moccasin's faint impress on the shore
Of the Salt Lake when billows foam and roar?
Black night enwraps my soul; for she is dead
Who was its light—desire to live is o'er!”
Scarce were these words in mournful accent said,
When peals of thunder shook low vale and mountain-head.
Upsprang the Chief;—and on a throne of cloud,
Robed in a snowy mantle fringed with light,
The Lord of Life beheld:—the forest bowed
Its top in awe before that Presence Bright,
And a wild shudder, at the dazzling sight,
Ran through the mighty monster's knotted ring,
Shaking the hill from base to rocky height;—
Rose from her trance the maid, with fawn-like spring,
And balanced, in mid air, the bird on trembling wing.

175

“Notch on the twisted sinew of thy bow
This fatal weapon,”—Ou-wee-ne-you cried,
Dropping a golden shaft—“and pierce the foe
Under the rounded scales that wall his side!”
Then vanished, while again the valley wide,
And mountain, quaked with thunder:—from the ground
The warrior raised the gift of Heaven, and hied
On his heroic mission, while around
The hill with closer clasp his train the serpent wound.
Flame-hued and hissing played its nimble tongue
Between thick, ghastly rows of pointed bone,
Round which commingled gore and venom clung:
Raging, its flattened head like copper shone,
And flinty earth returned a heavy groan,
Lashed by quick strokes of its resounding tail.
Heard is like uproar, when the hill's bleak cone
Is wildly beat by Winter's icy flail;—
But in that moment dire the archer did not quail.
Firm in one hand his trusty bow he held,
And with the other to its glittering head
Drew the long shaft, while full each muscle swelled;
A twanging sound!—and on its errand sped
The messenger of vengeance:—warm and red
Gushed from a gaping wound the vital tide—
Wrenched was the granite from its ancient bed,
And pines were broken, in their leafy pride,
As throes of mortal pain the monster's coil untied.
Down the steep hill, outstretched and dead, he rolled,
Disgorging human heads in his descent;
Oaks, that in earth had deeply fixed their hold,
Like reeds by that revolving mass were bent,
Splintered their boughs, as if by thunder rent:
High flung the troubled Lake its feathery spray,
And far the beach with spots of foam besprent,
When the huge carcass disappeared for aye
In depths from whence it rose to curse the beams of day.

176

When winds its murmuring bosom cease to wake,
Through bright, transparent waves you may discern,
On the hard, pebbled bottom of the Lake,
Skulls changed to stone:

Stones in the shape of Indians' heads may be seen lying in the lake in great plenty, which are said to be the same that were deposited there at the death of the serpent.—

Life of Mary Jefferson.
—when fires no longer burn

Kindled by sunset, and the glistening urn
Of night o'erflows with dew, the phantoms pale
Of matron, maid, child, seer and chieftain stern,
Their ghastly faces to the moon unveil,
And raise upon the shore a low, heart-broken wail.
The Lovers of Genundewah were blest
By the Great Spirit, and their lodge became
The nursery of a nation:—when the West
Opened its gates of parti-colored flame
To give their souls free passage, loud acclaim
Rang through the Spirit-Land, and voices cried
“Welcome! ye builders of eternal fame!
Ye royal founders of an empire wide,
The stream of joy rolls by, quaff ever from its tide!”
At Onondaga burned the sacred fire
A thousand winters, with unwasting blaze;
In guarding it son emulated sire,
And far abroad were flung its dazzling rays:
Followed were happy years by evil days;
Blue-eyed and pale came children of the dawn,
Tall spires on site of bark-built town to raise;
Change groves of beauty to a naked lawn,
And whirl their chariot-wheels where led the doe her fawn.
Where are the Mighty?—morning finds them not!
I call—and echo gives response alone;
The fiery bolt of ruin hath been shot—
The blow is struck—the winds of death have blown—
Cold are their hearths—their altars overthrown!
For them, with smoking venison the board,
Reward of toilsome chase, no more will groan:
Sharper than hatchet proved the conqueror's sword,
And blood, in fruitless strife, like water they outpoured.

177

The spotted demon of contagion came
Ere the scared bird of peace could find a nest,
And vanished tribes like summer grass when flame
Reddens the level prairies of the west;
Or wasting dew-drops when the rocky crest
Of this enchanted hill is tipped with gold;
And ere the Genii of the wild-wood drest
With flowers and moss the grave mound's hallowed mould,
Before the ringing axe, went down the forest old.
Oh! where is Garangula—sachem wise!—
Who was the father of his people! where
King Hendrick, Cay-en-guae-to? who replies?
And, Skenandoah, was thy silver hair
Brought to the dust in sorrow and despair
By pale oppressors, though thy bow was strung
To guard their Thirteen Fires? they did not spare
E'en thee, old chieftain!—And thy tuneful tongue
The death-dirge of thy race, in measured cadence, sung.
The-an-de-nea-ga of the martial brow,
Gy-ant-wa, Hon-ne-ya-wus, where are they?
Sa-goy-ye-wat-hah! is he silent now,
Will listening throngs no more his voice obey?
Like visions have the mighty passed away:
Their tears descend in raindrops, and their sighs
Are heard in wailing winds when evening gray
Shadows the landscape, and their mournful eyes
Gleam in the misty light of moon-illumined skies.
Gone are my tribesmen, and another race,
Born of the foam, disclose, with plough and spade,
Secrets of battle-field, and burial-place;
And hunting grounds, once dark with pleasant shade
Bask in the golden light:—but I have made
A pilgrimage, from far, to look once more
On scenes through which in childhood's hour I strayed;

After the lapse of years, when driven to a far country by the rapacity of the whites, the red man visits the scenes of his boyhood. “I am alone,” said an Indian woman, at the burial-place of her fathers; “I have travelled far towards the rising sun. My moccasins are worn out, my heart is heavy. I look for the graves of the dead; their white bones are scattered around. The old woods are gone—the homes of the pale-face are here. The mist rolls away on the wind—thus vanished my people.”


Though robbed of might my limbs—my locks all hoar,
And on this holy mount mourn for the days of yore.

178

Our house is broken open at both ends
Though deep were set the posts, its timber strong;
From ruthless foes, and traitors masked as friends,
Tutored to sing a false, but pleasant song,
The Seneca and Mohawk guarded long
Its blood-stained doors:—the former faced the sun
In his decline:—the latter watched a throng
Clouding the eastern hills—their tasks are done!
A game for life was played, and prize the white-man won.
Around me soon will bloom unfading flowers,
Ye glorious Spirit Islands of the Just!
No fatal axe will hew away your bowers,
Or lay the green-robed forest king in dust:—
Far from the spoiler's fury, and his lust
Of boundless power will I my fathers meet
Tiaras wearing never dimmed by rust;
And they while airs waft music, passing sweet,
To blest abodes will guide my silver-sandaled feet.