BIBLIOGRAPHY
J. D. Bernal, The Origin of Life (Cleveland and New York,
1967). Chapter 2 contains an interesting account of the
history of ideas on the origin of life. G. L. L., Comte de
Buffon, Histoire naturelle générale et particulière (Paris,
1783), IV, 382. Tze Tuan Chen, “Twenty Five Centuries
Before Charles Darwin,” The Scientific Monthly, 29 (1929),
49-52. V. G. Childe, Man Makes Himself (London, 1936);
idem, Social Evolution (London, 1951). Sir Gavin de Beer,
Charles Darwin, Natural History Library edition (New York,
1965), by far the best available account of Darwin's work.
T. Dobzhansky, Mankind Evolving (New Haven and
London, 1962), a comprehensive discussion with numerous
historical references. L. Eiseley, Darwin's Century: Evolu-
tion and the Men Who Discovered It (New York, 1958), an
excellent, brief history of evolutionary thought. A. G. N.
Flew, Evolutionary Ethics (London, 1967). Sir R. A. Fisher,
The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection (Oxford, 1930).
M. T. Ghiselin, The Triumph of the Darwinian Method
(Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969). C. C. Gillispie, Genesis and
Geology (Cambridge, Mass., 1951); idem, “Lamarck and
Darwin in the History of Science,” Forerunners of Darwin
(Baltimore, 1959), pp. 265-91; idem, The Edge of Objectivity
(Princeton, 1960). Chapters VII and VIII are particularly
relevant to the present article. B. Glass, O. Temkin, and
W. L. Straus, Jr., eds., Forerunners of Darwin: 1745-1859
(Baltimore, 1959). The fifteen essays in this book are indis-
pensable for the understanding of evolutionism in the cen-
tury before Darwin. B. Glass, “Maupertuis, Pioneer of Ge-
netics and Evolution,” Forerunners of Darwin, pp. 51-83.
T. A. Goudge, The Thought of C. S. Pierce (Toronto, 1950);
idem, The Ascent of Life: A Philosophical Study of the
Theory of Evolution (London and Toronto, 1961). J. C.
Greene, The Death of Adam: Evolution and Its Impact on
Western Thought (Ames, Iowa, 1959). A well-documented
history. W. K. C. Guthrie, A History of Greek Philosophy,
Vol. I (Cambridge, 1962). F. C. Haber, The Ages of the
World: Moses to Darwin (Baltimore, 1959). J. B. S. Haldane,
The Causes of Evolution (London, 1932); idem, “The Origin
of Life” (1929), in Science and Life: Essays of a Rationalist
(London, 1968), pp. 1-11. Sir Julian Huxley, Evolution: The
Modern Synthesis (London, 1943); idem, Evolution in Action
(London, 1953); idem, Knowledge, Morality and Destiny
(New York, 1960), also published with the title New Bottles
for New Wine (New York, 1957). A. O. Lovejoy, “Buffon
and the Problem of Species,” Forerunners of Darwin, pp.
84-113; idem, “Some Eighteenth Century Evolutionists,”
The Scientific Monthly, 71 (1950), 162-78; idem, The Great
Chain of Being (Cambridge, Mass., 1936); idem, “Schopen-
hauer as an Evolutionist,”
The Monist, 21 (1911), 195-222.
These works are examples of the history of ideas at its best.
J. Needham,
Science and Civilization in China, Vol. II,
History of Scientific Thought (Cambridge, 1956). E. Norden-
skiöld,
Biologins Historia, 3 vols. (Stockholm, 1920-24),
trans. as
The History of Biology (New York, 1929). Despite
some inaccuracies, this work is a valuable source of ideas
on the interrelations of biology, philosophy, and cultural
history. B. Rensch,
Neuere Probleme der Abstammungslehre
(Stuttgart, 1947), trans. of the 2nd ed.,
Evolution Above the
Species Level (New York, 1960). G. B. Shaw,
The Prefaces
(London, 1934); idem,
The Religious Speeches of Bernard
Shaw (University Park, Pa., 1963), contains the essay, “The
Religion of the Future” (1911). G. G. Simpson,
The Meaning
of Evolution (New Haven, 1949; rev. ed. 1967), the best
introduction to the new synthetic theory of evolution; idem,
The Principles of Animal Taxonomy (New York, 1961); idem,
This View of Life: The World of an Evolutionist (New York,
1964). Part One contains interesting material on the history
of the doctrine of evolution. N. Smart,
Doctrine and Argu-
ment in Indian Philosophy (London, 1964). J. H. Steward,
Theory of Culture Change (Urbana, 1955). P. Teilhard de
Chardin,
Oeuvres, 9 vols. to date (Paris, 1955 ff.). The most
widely read of the works is probably
le Phénomène humain
(1955); trans. Bernard Wall as
The Phenomenon of Man
(New York and London, 1959). C. H. Waddington,
The
Ethical Animal (London, 1960). L. A. White,
The Science
of Culture (New York, 1949). P. P. Wiener,
Evolution and
the Founders of Pragmatism (Cambridge, Mass., 1949).
THOMAS A. GOUDGE
[See also
Biological Conceptions in Antiquity; Chain of
Being; Evolution of Literature;
Genetic Continuity; God;
Inheritance Through Pengenesis; Pragmatism;
Progress;
Recapitulation; Spontaneous Generation; Uniformitarian-
ism.]
