 | The University of Virginia record March 1, 1919 |  |
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE.
Edwin Anderson Alderman, Ph.B., D.C.L., LL.D.
President.
Theodore Hough, B.A., Ph.D.
Dean.
| John Staige Davis, M.A., M.D. | Rugby Road |
| Professor of Practice of Medicine. | |
| William Alexander Lambeth, M.D., Ph.D. | Carr's Hill |
| Professor of Hygiene. | |
| William Douglas Macon, B.A., M.D. | East Market Street |
| Professor of Obstetrics. | |
| Theodore Hough, B.A., Ph.D. | McCormick Road |
| Professor of Physiology and Biochemistry. | |
| Stephen Hurt Watts, M.A., M.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Surgery and Gynecology. | |
| Halstead Shipman Hedges, B.S., M.A., M.D. | Park Street |
| Professor of Diseases of the Eye. | |
| Robert Montgomery Bird, B.A., B.S., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Collegiate Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Harry Taylor Marshall, B.A., M.D. | Preston Heights |
| Walter Reed Professor of Pathology. | |
| Robert French Compton, M.D. | Fry's Spring |
| Professor of Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat. | |
| James Carroll Flippin, M.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Clinical Medicine. | |
| Harvey Ernest Jordan, M.A., Ph.D. | University Place |
| Professor of Histology and Embryology. | |
| Robert Bennett Bean, B.S., M.D. | Preston Heights |
| Professor of Anatomy. | |
| James Alexander Waddell, B.A., M.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Professor of Pharmacology, Materia Medica and Toxicology. | |
| [1] William Hall Goodwin, B.A., M.D. | Monroe Hill |
| Associate Professor of Surgery and Gynecology. | |
| William Edward Bray, B.A., M.D. | West Main Street |
| Adjunct Professor of Medicine and University Physician. | |
| John Henry Neff, B.A., M.D. | University Place |
| Adjunct Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery. | |
| [2] Charles Scott Venable, M.A., Ph.D. | Colonnade Club |
| Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. | |
| Wilmer Baker, M.D. | Fry's Spring |
| Adjunct Professor of Anatomy. | |
| Dudley Crofford Smith, B.S., M.D. | Medicine |
| [3] Hunter Samuel Woodberry, B.A., M.D. | Surgery |
| [4] Joseph Lee Wright, M.D. | Surgery |
| Thomas Henry Daniel, M.D. | Medicine |
| Edward May Magruder, M.D. | Medicine |
| [5] Hugh Thomas Nelson, M.D. | Medicine |
| Monte Lewis Rea, M.D. | Pediatrics and Dermatology |
| Patton Kimbrough Pierce, B.S., B.A. | Histology and Embryology |
| Philip Meriwether Lewis | Biochemistry |
| Frank McCutchan, M.A. | Biochemistry |
| Clifton Johnson Reynolds | Biochemistry |
| Raymond Aloysius Vonderlehr | Pharmacology |
| Claude Porterfield Fox, Jr., B.A. | Pharmacology |
For information as to lodgings, board, expenses, etc., and for catalogues
and other printed literature, address the Registrar.
For other information, address the Dean of the Department of Medicine.
The session of 1919-1920 opens on September 18. The registration days
are September 18-20. A fee is required for delayed registration.
ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS.
The minimum requirement for admission to the first year of the Department
of Medicine is a four year high school education or its full equivalent
and two years of work in a college of arts and sciences approved by
the Council on Medical Education of the American Medical Association, as
follows:
I. HIGH SCHOOL REQUIREMENTS.
(a) For admission to the two year premedical college course, students
shall have completed a four year course of at least fourteen units (fifteen
after Jan. 1, 1920) in a standard accredited high school or other institution
of standard secondary school grade, or have the equivalent as demonstrated
by examinations conducted by the College Entrance Examination Board or
by the authorized examiner of a standard college or university which has
been approved by the Council on Medical Education.
(b) Credits for admission to the premedical college course may be
granted for the subjects shown in the following list and for any other subject
counted by a standard accredited high school as part of the requirements
for its diploma, provided that at least eleven units must be offered in
groups I-V:
Group I. English. (Three units required)
Literature and Composition.
Group II. Foreign Languages. (Two units required, both of which must be
in the same language)
Latin, Greek, French, German, Spanish, Italian, or other modern foreign
language.
Group III. Mathematics. (Two units required)
Elementary Algebra, Advanced Algebra, Plane Geometry, Solid Geometry,
Trigonometry.
Group IV. History. (One unit required)
Ancient History, Medieval and Modern History, English History,
American History, Civil Government.
Group V. Science.
Botany, Zoölogy, Chemistry, Physics, Physiography, Physiology, Astronomy,
Geology.
Group VI. Miscellaneous.
Agriculture, Bookkeeping, Business Law, Commerical Geography, Domestic
Science, Drawing, freehand and mechanical, Economics and
Economic History, Manual Training, Music—appreciation or harmony.
A unit is the credit value of at least thirty-six weeks' work of four or
five recitation periods per week, each recitation period to be not less than
forty minutes.
II. PREMEDICAL COLLEGE COURSE.
In addition to the high school work specified above, a candidate for admission
to the Department of Medicine must present evidence of the completion
of thirty session hours of collegiate work in a college approved by
the Council on Medical Education of the American Medical Association.
A session-hour is the credit value of one hour a week of lecture or recitation
or two hours a week of laboratory work throughout a session of at
least thirty-two weeks, exclusive of holidays. The subjects included in the
thirty session-hours of college work should be in accordance with the following
schedule:
| Required Subjects: | Session-hours. |
| Chemistry (a) | 6 |
| Physics (b) | 4 |
| Biology (c) | 4 |
| English Composition and Literature (d) | 3 |
| Other non-science subjects, including one modern foreign language (e) |
6 |
French or German.
Advanced Botany or Advanced Zoölogy.
Psychology.
Advanced Algebra, Solid Geometry, and Trigonometry.
Additional courses in Chemistry.
Subjects Strongly Urged:
English (additional), Economics, History, Sociology, Political Science,
Logic, Mathematics, Latin, Greek, Drawing.
Other Suggested Electives:
REQUIREMENTS IN INDIVIDUAL COLLEGIATE SUBJECTS.
(a) Chemistry. Six session-hours required, of which at least four must
be in general inorganic chemistry, including two session-hours of laboratory
work. In the interpretation of this rule work in qualitative analysis
may be counted as general inorganic chemistry. The remaining two session-hours
may consist of additional work in general chemistry or of work
in analytic or organic chemistry.
(b) Physics. Four session-hours required, of which at least one must
be laboratory work. It is urged that this course be preceded by a course
in trigonometry and solid geometry.
(c) Biology. Four session-hours required, of which two must consist
of laboratory work. The requirement may be satisfied by a course of four
session-hours in general biology or zoölogy, or by courses of two session-hours
each in zoölogy and botany, but not by botany alone.
(d) English Composition and Literature. The usual introductory college
course of three session-hours, or its equivalent, is required.
(e) Non-Science Subjects Including One Modern Foreign Language.
Of the thirty session-hours required as the measurement of two years of
college work, at least nine, including three session-hours of English, should
be in subjects other than the physical, chemical, or biologic sciences. At
least three of these nine session-hours must be in a modern foreign language.
When the student has presented for admission to college two units
of high school work in a modern foreign language, he must complete three
session-hours in the same language, this work to be the continuation and
not a repetition of his high school work. When he does not present two
units of a modern foreign language for admission to college, he must complete
work aggregating at least four session-hours in a modern language.
No entrance conditions whatever can be allowed nor can any substitutions
be made for the required subjects. Premedical students in other colleges
and universities who are considering the possibility of entering upon
their medical studies in this university are urged to have the authorities of
the University of Virginia pass officially upon their academic credits early
in their last premedical college year and in no case later than June 1, of
that year. Deficiencies may be discovered in this way in time to remove
them before the following September. Such students will incur no obligation
in all Class A medical colleges makes it especially important for the student
to be absolutely sure six months or more beforehand that the course he is
taking will admit him to the study of medicine. Many deficiencies can be
made up by work in summer schools.
Further information concerning the character of entrance requirements
and forms for certificates may be obtained by addressing the Dean of the
Department of Medicine.
In planning the two-year college work, students are advised to take
English, mathematics, biology, and a modern language during the first year,
and to take physics and chemistry during the second year. This arrangement
of studies is advised because mathematics should precede physics, and
it is desirable to avoid the lapse of a year between the general chemistry
of the college and the organic and physiological chemistry of the first year
of the medical curriculum. Students who have completed general chemistry
and who have one more year of college work for entrance to the medical
school, are advised to take some courses in chemistry (e. g., analytical,
physical, or organic chemistry) during their last year in college.
Admission with Advanced Standing.—Students are admitted to advanced
standing in the second and third years under the following conditions:
1. Satisfaction of the requirements for entrance into this department at
the time of entrance of the class to which the applicant seeks admission.
2. The presentation of a certificate of honorable dismissal from the
school last attended.
3. The presentation of the complete record of the student in the school
previously attended, on blanks to be obtained from the Dean of the Department
of Medicine. This record will be submitted to the action of the Faculty
Committee on Advanced Standing, and the admission of the student,
together with the terms of admission, will be determined by this committee.
Limitation of Numbers and Reservation of Places in the First-Year
Class.—The number of students in the first-year class is limited to thirty-six.
Reservation of a place, if desired by the applicant, can be made beforehand
on the conditions hereinafter described.
Those intending to enter the Department of Medicine are advised to ascertain
at once by correspondence with the Dean of the Department of Medicine
whether their high-school and college courses entitle them to admission
to the first-year class. For this purpose there may be obtained from
the Dean a blank form on which the necessary information may be entered
in full.
At the time of registration, applicants will be registered in the order in
which they present themselves, until all vacancies are filled. Applicants who
have not made reservations, as described below, are therefore advised to
apply for registration at 9 o'clock of the first day of registration (September
18, 1919).
Any applicant whose record, certified by the proper official of the college
last attended, has been endorsed by the Dean of the Department of
Medicine as entitling him to admission to the first-year class, may at any
time before the registration period have a place reserved for him until 12:00
noon of the first day of registration by depositing with the Bursar the sum
of $50.00 in part payment of the tuition fee of the first year. A reservation
so made can be cancelled only in exceptional cases. In case a student who
has obtained a reservation fails to register, the deposit of $50.00 will be forfeited
to the University unless, in case of illness or other providential cause,
the Dean of the Department of Medicine directs that it be returned.
FACILITIES FOR AND METHODS OF INSTRUCTION.
There are well-equipped laboratories for the study of organic chemistry,
biochemistry, gross anatomy, histology and embryology, bacteriology
and pathology, physiology, pharmacology, materia medica, and clinical
diagnosis. These laboratories are all presided over by trained teachers, to
whom teaching and investigation are primary considerations. The number
of hours assigned to laboratory subjects is quite large and affords ample
time for thorough study of the best methods. The student is brought into
close contact with teachers who are both willing and able to guide him; he
gains a very large part of his knowledge at first hand and by his own exertions,
and thus acquires the habit of working out things for himself; he
becomes self-reliant, a quality essential to the practice of his difficult profession.
Trained in this manner, he acquires an understanding of the medical
sciences and the ability to apply the facts of these sciences to the subsequent
study of disease. For these reasons the great fundamental sciences
receive the utmost consideration, constituting the entire work of the first
two years.
The methods of clinical instruction are based upon the belief that no
clinical teaching is efficient which is not governed by essentially the same
principles as those which govern the best laboratory teaching. This instruction
is accordingly designed to enforce with the individual student a
careful, thorough, face-to-face study of disease and its management. The
facilities afforded by the University Hospital and Out-Patient Department
are described on a subsequent page. After two sessions devoted to laboratory
training, the student is introduced in the third year to the study of
disease in living persons. In the Out-Patient Department and in the Hospital
he learns the methods of examining patients, of diagnosing their
diseases, and of instituting rational treatment; and he learns these things
in much the same way as he studied in the laboratory, that is to say, by
doing them himself under the direction and criticism of the instructors. This
practical training is accomplished by a systematic study of the various subjects
by means of lectures, textbooks, and recitations. With this preparation
the student is ready to enter upon the hospital work in his fourth year.
Here he has advantages for clinical training similar to those enjoyed by
internes. Each clinical patient on admission to the hospital is assigned to
a complete examination, records his observations in a scientific manner,
makes a diagnosis, states his view as to the treatment indicated, and keeps
a complete record of the case, all under the advice and criticism of the
physician or surgeon in charge. He is expected to keep himself informed
of the progress of the case throughout its course. If it is one requiring
surgical treatment, he assists at the operation, and thus is able to follow
all the procedures of the operator at close range. In addition, students
make frequent visits to the wards with the attending physicians and surgeons,
during which visits the nature, treatment, and progress of various
cases are gone over in detail. To carry out this method of clinical instruction
the hospital had last year over 3,000 cases. Since the number of students
in each class is relatively small, it is clear that the department offers capable
young men clinical advantages which are distinctly exceptional.
Opportunities are offered in the third and fourth years for more extended
training in certain subjects with a view toward possible specialization
after graduation.
At the meetings of the Medical Journal Club reviews of important articles
and results of original research are presented by the instructors and
by invited guests. These meetings are open to the students.
REGULATIONS, EXPENSES, ETC.
Regulations.—The records given after the regular examination on a
course, with their explanations, are as follows:
Passed indicates the satisfactory completion of the course and admits
to all dependent subjects.
Conditioned means that to obtain a clear record on the course the student
must pass a special examination. Failure to take or to pass this examination
is equivalent to a record of "failed." The record "conditioned"
is not given in fourth year subjects, except in case of illness or other equivalent
cause approved by the faculty.
A student may be conditioned on any examination because of failure to
maintain a reasonable standard of English composition.
Deficient indicates that part of the work of the course has not been
completed. Upon the satisfactory completion of this work within the time
and in the manner prescribed by the professor in charge, the student receives
the record "passed"; otherwise the record is "failed" on the entire
course.
Failed indicates that the course must be repeated; except that when
the laboratory or other practical work has been satisfactorily performed, the
professor in charge may, at his discretion, excuse the student from repeating
the same; and, by special vote of the faculty, the student may be granted
optional attendance upon the course, in whole or in part. In general, a student
who is repeating a course will be required to attend all the exercises
of schedule conflicts with more advanced work.
Absence from a regular examination, when excused because of illness
or other equivalent cause, gives a record of conditioned; if not excused, a
record of failed.
To pass a regular or a special examination, a grade of eighty per cent
is required. If the grade is less than eighty per cent but not less than
seventy per cent, the student is entitled to the record conditioned; but the
record conditioned is not given in fourth-year subjects, except under the
conditions noted above.
No student will be admitted to any subject of the second or third year
(save by the consent of the Dean and the professors concerned), if more
than one-third of the work of the preceding year remains unfinished. If at
the beginning of the year his deficiencies have not been made up by the
satisfactory completion of courses at some school approved by the instructors
in charge at this university, he may continue as a student in the Department
of Medicine only by repeating the courses in which he has failed.
In the interpretation of this rule the values of the subjects of the first and
second years are estimated in point as follows:
Anatomy 1, 16 points; Anatomy 2, 5 points; Organic Chemistry, 15
points; Histology, 14 points; Embryology, 6 points; Biochemistry, 8 points.
Anatomy 3, 16 points; Physiology, 20 points; Bacteriology, 8 points;
Pathology, 20 points; Pharmacology, 8 points.
Whenever in the judgment of the faculty a student is receiving too
many records below the grade of passed, the faculty may prescribe special
conditions upon which the student may remain in the Department of Medicine,
or may require his withdrawal therefrom.
Students will not be allowed to undertake the work of the third or
fourth year until they have completed that of the first year, save by special
consent of the Medical Faculty.
A student may not take any course, either in whole or in part (as explained
under the above definition of failed) more than twice. A second
record of failed on the same course involves withdrawal from the Department
of Medicine.
Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, who have less than
one full year's work to complete, may be required to take such additional
work and to pass such additional examinations as the Medical Faculty may
prescribe. This additional work may be selected from any of the courses
given in the Department of Medicine, even when such prescribed courses
have previously been taken and passed by the candidate in question.
Certificates of Attendance.—Students who attend the whole regular
course of one or more of the four years are entitled to certificates of attendance.
Requirements for Graduation.—The degree of Doctor of Medicine is
conferred by the University of Virginia upon candidates who have complied
medical course of four years of at least eight months each, the last two
of which must have been at this institution; and have satisfactorily completed
all of the subjects included in the medical course.
Examinations.—These are in writing, accompanied in many subjects by
individual practical examinations. The regular examinations are held at
stated periods during the session. In addition, examinations are held each
year during the week immediately preceding the beginning of lectures. To
the latter are admitted:
1. Students of the previous session who, from illness or other equivalent
cause approved by the faculty, were unable to present themselves for
examination in any particular subject at the regular time.
2. Students who at the regular examination in any first, second, or
third year subject of the preceding session have attained a grade less than
eighty per cent, but as much as seventy per cent, on one or more subjects,
as explained in a preceding paragraph; or any student who has received the
record conditioned on a course taken in this university.
3. Certain applicants for advanced standing who are admitted to these
examinations by the Committee on Advanced Standing.
For a special examination held at any other time than the regular
stated periods during the session or in September a fee of five dollars is
charged. This fee must be paid to the Bursar before the examination is
held.
The Fall Examinations for 1919-1920 begin September 15 and close
September 20. Students entitled to admission to these examinations will
be informed of the date of examination by the Dean.
Expenses.—The tuition fee for each year is $100.
The annual expenses, exclusive of tuition, are $40 for the university fee
(which entitles the student to the use of the library, the gymnasium, to
medical attention, etc.), an average of about $315 for living expenses, and
$30 for books.
In the courses in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, a deposit of
$10 is required to cover cost of breakage.
Combined Degrees in Arts (or Science) and Medicine.—Students who
have credit for the forty-eight session-hours of the group electives required
in this university for the cultural baccalaureate degrees in arts and
science may substitute for twelve session-hours of electives-at-large the
first-year course in the Department of Medicine and receive the degree of
Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science at the end of the year.
The University also offers a course leading to the vocational degree of
Bachelor of Science in Medicine. This course includes two years of group
electives in academic subjects followed by the first two years of the medical
course. Since the academic group-electives satisfy the entrance requirements
in college before entering upon the study of medicine are advised to plan
their work so as to secure this degree.
For further information regarding these degrees, see pp. 123-125.
The William A. Herndon Scholarships are founded upon the bequest of
Dr. Cumberland George Herndon, a graduate in medicine of this university.
They are awarded by the Medical Faculty after a competitive examination
held during the summer vacation preceding enrollment as a student in the
Medical Department. Candidates must be unable to defray the expenses of
their medical education and must signify their intention of entering the medical
service of the army or navy of the United States. These scholarships provide
for the necessary expenses of the student during the entire four years
of his medical course and are awarded whenever there is a vacancy. One
will be awarded in September, 1919. For information as to the examinations
and other requirements, address the Dean of the Department of Medicine.
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.
In the following description of courses, the number of hours represents
the amount of time each student devotes to the course. In addition to the
hours scheduled in the third and fourth years of the course, each student
devotes a considerable amount of time to practical work which does not
appear in the schedule, but the satisfactory performance of which is essential
to graduation. Thus the taking of histories, the visits to his cases in
the hospital, assisting at operations, attendance upon cases of labor, the
employment of microscopical and chemical methods of diagnosis in the
hospital, require much time which it has not seemed possible to record in
a rigid schedule. It should, however, be stated that each student in the
fourth year gives at least three hundred and fifty hours to this required but
unscheduled practical work.
The session, exclusive of the time devoted to examination, is divided
into a fall term of twelve weeks, a winter term of ten weeks, and a spring
term of ten weeks.
FIRST YEAR.
Anatomy 1.—Six hours weekly until November 1; twelve hours weekly
from November 1 to the end of the second term. This course begins with a
systematic study of the bones, on the completion of which a part is assigned
to each student for dissection and study. On the completion of this
course and Anatomy 3 each student has dissected a lateral half of the body.
The student obtains his knowledge at first hand and by his own personal
efforts. The satisfactory performance of the laboratory work is essential
to a passing grade. Dr. Bean and Dr. Baker.
Anatomy 2.—Six hours weekly during the third term. This course consists
in a laboratory study of the anatomy of the central nervous system
carried out in considerable detail. The gross anatomy of the spinal cord
and brain is first considered, on the completion of which sections of the
more important regions are studied carefully with the aid of the microscope.
Fresh brains and series of sections of the cord and brain are thoroughly
used. Dr. Bean and Dr. Baker.
Histology.—Three lectures or recitations and eight hours of laboratory
work weekly until November 1; three lectures or recitations and six hours of
laboratory work weekly from November 1 to the end of the second term. This
course aims to acquaint the student with the microscopic structure of cells,
tissues, and organs. Cytogenesis and histogenesis are briefly considered in
the case of many tissues studied. The relation of histology to physiology
and pathology is constantly kept in view. The student is also given opportunity
to acquaint himself with the principles and practice of histological
technique.
A record of seventy per cent in this course is required for admission to
Physiology, and of eighty per cent for admission to pathology. Dr. Jordan,
assisted by Mr. Pierce.
Embryology.—Nine hours weekly during the third term. The laboratory
work (six hours weekly) with sections and dissections of mammalian embryos,
is supplemented by lectures, recitations, and the study of models.
The course aims to give the student a knowledge of developmental processes,
in the light of which he may the better understand the more abstruse
normal conditions of adult anatomy, as well as many anomalies and variations,
neoplasms and malformations. Dr. Jordan, assisted by Mr. Pierce.
Organic Chemistry.—Lectures and recitations three hours weekly, laboratory
work six and eight hours weekly, respectively, during the first and second
terms. This course includes the systematic study of organic chemistry,
with special reference to substances of importance in their relation to medicine.
The course lays a thorough foundation for subsequent work in Biochemistry,
Pharmacology, etc. During the second term the laboratory
work includes quantitative determinations of immediate importance in Biochemistry,
such as the estimation of sugar, total nitrogen, uric acid, ammonia,
etc. A record of seventy per cent on this course is required for
admission to Biochemistry. Dr. Bird, assisted by Dr. Waddell.
Biochemistry.—Three lectures, three recitations and nine hours of laboratory
work weekly during the third term. The structure, properties and reactions
of the more important compounds which the student meets in his
subsequent medical study. The laboratory work, continuing that of Organic
Chemistry, includes the study of fats, soaps, fatty acids, and proteins;
blood, milk, bile; the digestive enzymes, and extensive qualitative and quantitative
work on urine. A grade of seventy per cent on this course is required
for admission to Physiology. Dr. Hough, assisted by Mr. Lewis,
Mr. McCutchan and Mr. Reynolds.
SECOND YEAR.
Anatomy 3.—Ten hours weekly through the first and second terms. This
course is the continuation of Anatomy 1, and consists of the systematic
dissection and study, by essentially the same methods, of the parts not
studied during the first year. In addition, a course is given in topographic
anatomy, with the aid of cross sections of the human body. At the end of
this course a practical examination is given, covering the work of Anatomy
1, 2 and 3. Dr. Bean and Dr. Baker.
Physiology.—Four hours' work weekly of lectures, recitations and demonstrations
throughout the year. Six hours weekly of laboratory work in the
first and second terms. The physiology of muscle and nerve; blood and
lymph; the circulation; respiration; secretion; digestion and nutrition, and
the central nervous system. The work of the laboratory closely follows the
lectures as an integral part of the study of each subject. Open only to
students who have obtained a grade of seventy per cent in Histology and
in Biochemistry. The satisfactory completion of the laboratory work of
this course is necessary for admission to Pharmacology. Dr. Hough.
Bacteriology and Pathology.—Twelve hours weekly throughout the session
and two additional hours a week in the third term. The work in pathology
is open only to students who have obtained a record of passed in Histology.
Bacteriology and pathology are taught in a combined course. Emphasis is
laid upon the medical and public health aspects of bacteriology. Autopsies
and the study of gross and microscopic specimens supply the practical
work accompanying the systematic study of pathology. Opportunity is
given selected students for advanced work. Dr. Marshall.
Pharmacology.—Five hours of lectures, recitations and demonstrations and
six hours of laboratory work during the third term. In this course a study is
made of the chemical characteristics and physiological action of representative
drugs from the different pharmacological groups. An average grade
of seventy per cent on the first two terms of Physiology together with the
satisfactory completion of the laboratory work of Physiology is required for
admission to the course. Dr. Waddell, assisted by Mr. Fox and Mr. Vonderlehr.
Journals.—In connection with the work in Physiology, Bacteriology
and Pathology, the second-year students meet with their instructors for
one hour each week from the first of December to the end of the session
for reports and discussion of the current literature of the above sciences.
Three reports are made at each meeting by the students.
Physical Diagnosis.—Four hours weekly during the third term. Instruction
is given in the principles and methods of physical examination. Attention
is especially given to study of the normal subject. Dr. Flippin and Dr.
Magruder.
THIRD YEAR.
Materia Medica.—Three hours of lectures and recitations and three hours
of laboratory work weekly during the first half of the third year. The more
important drugs and preparations of the Pharmacopœia, together with
newer non-official remedies which bid fair to attain or have attained considerable
use, from the subject of study. In the laboratory the student becomes
familiar with the peculiarities and methods of preparation of the
different preparations of the Pharmacopœia, as well as with the solubilities
and other characteristics of the more important drugs. Especial attention
is paid to chemical and pharmaceutical incompatibility. Prescription writing
is dealt with by lecture and frequent practical exercises. Dr. Waddell.
Toxicology.—Three hours of lectures and recitations and three hours of
laboratory work weekly during the last half of the second term. This course is,
to a considerable extent, a review of the pharmacological actions of poisons
and their antagonists. The treatment of poisoning is dealt with in detail.
Some attention is given to the methods of separation and identification.
Dr. Waddell.
Clinical Diagnosis.—Six hours weekly during the first and second terms.
In this course the student is made familiar with those laboratory methods
which are helpful in the diagnosis of disease. These include, among others,
the examination of blood, urine, sputum, gastric contents, feces, spinal fluid,
exudates and transudates. Instruction is given in the recently completed
Clinical Laboratory in the north pavilion of the hospital, which is well
equipped with the most modern instruments and apparatus. Dr. Bray.
Theory and Practice of Medicine.—Three hours weekly of lectures and
recitations throughout the session; nine hours weekly in the clinics for one-half
the session. A systematic course of lectures, supplemented by work in the
out-patient department and hospital. The class is divided into two sections,
each of which devotes itself for half the year to the medical service in the
out-patient department, and also twice a week receives instruction on selected
cases in the wards of the hospital. There is a general medical clinic
once a week in the hospital amphitheater. Dr. Davis, Dr. Flippin, Dr. Daniel,
Dr. Nelson and Dr. Smith.
Surgery and Gynecology.—Five hours weekly of lectures and recitations,
and two hours weekly of surgical clinic throughout the session; with six hours
weekly in the out-patient department, two hours weekly in ward rounds in the
hospital, and one hour weekly in X-ray diagnosis for one-fourth the session.
The study of surgery begins in the third year and continues through the
fourth year. In the third year the classroom work consists of lectures and
recitations, as arranged in the schedule, in which the principles and practice
of surgery, surgical diseases, surgical diagnosis, etc., are thoroughly
discussed. This also includes the surgical specialties, orthopedics, genito-urinary
surgery, etc. The out-patient department course in the third year
gives opportunities for diagnosis and treatment of clinical cases under close
personal supervision. Experience in dressings, bandaging, anesthesia and
minor surgery is afforded. Surgical appliances and technique are demonstrated
to the students, divided into small groups. The work in gynecology
follows closely the outlines already described for surgery. The general
principles of gynecology are taken up in lectures and recitations. In addition,
the out-patient department affords practice in palpation, diagnosis and
treatment. Dr. Watts, Dr. Goodwin, Dr. Neff, Dr. Woodberry and Dr.
Wright.
Obstetrics.—Five hours weekly of lectures, recitations and manikin demonstrations
during the year, supplemented by work with patients in the wards
of the hospital. The class is divided into sections of five for manikin instruction
and for examination of patients in the hospital. The manikin
course forms an important part of the work, not only for teaching presentation,
position and posture, but also the mechanism of normal and abnormal
labor and the application of forceps. When the section is taken
into the wards of the hospital, the methods of examination, particularly
abdominal palpation, are practiced on the living subject. Dr. Macon.
FOURTH YEAR.
Theory and Practice of Medicine.—The same plan is followed in the
clinical work as that already described for the third year, each of the two
sections of the class devoting itself for half the year to the medical service
in the wards of the hospital. Full histories are taken of every case, thorough
examinations made, and management indicated by the students of
each division. These records are considered in the final grading of the
student. The subjects treated with the approximate division of time between
them are as follows:
Nervous Diseases and Insanity.—Three lectures and recitations weekly,
supplemented by clinical work during the first term. In this course is given
also instruction in electro-therapeutics. Dr. Davis.
Pediatrics.—Three lectures and recitations weekly, supplemented by clinical
work during the second term. This course of lectures is intended to
point out in a brief way how disease is modified by childhood and to indicate
how the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment due to early age may
best be encountered. The principles of infant feeding are emphasized and
the student is taught how to prepare the food. Dr. Davis and Dr. Rea.
Dermatology.—A brief course of lectures is given on this subject, embodying
a consideration of the commoner diseases met with in medical
practice.
Case Teaching, Medical Ethics and Economics, and Insurance Exam-
inations.—Two hours weekly during the third term. Dr. Davis.
Therapeutics.—The treatment of internal diseases is discussed in a systematic
course of lectures and practically demonstrated in the wards of
the hospital. Especial attention is given to the bedside teaching of this
subject, the student being required to follow closely and make a record of
the results of the therapeutic agents employed in cases assigned to him.
Dr. Flippin.
Surgery and Gynecology.—Two hours weekly of surgical clinic throughout
the session; three hours weekly of ward classes, supplemented by clinical
work in the wards and operating room for one-half the session with each of the
two sections of the class.
Instruction in surgery is carried on by clinics and bedside demonstrations
in the hospital. In the wards the students are assigned cases, whose
histories they must take. They must also make complete physical and clinical
examinations, urine analyses, blood examinations, etc. In the ward rounds
the diagnosis, operative and other treatment, post-operative care of the
cases, complications, prognosis, etc., are discussed in detail. A large
variety of cases is available and the close contact of the students with their
cases and with the routine of hospital management offers many of the opportunities
that an internship affords. In the operating rooms the students,
technique, anesthetization, etc. Those of the class who are not assisting
witness the operations, whose important features are demonstrated to them.
In gynecology the students have the same general work as in surgery,
consisting of the examination and the recording of the cases in the public
wards, attendance on ward rounds, at which the cases are discussed, and
observation and assistance in the operating rooms. Dr. Watts, Dr. Goodwin,
Dr. Neff, Dr. Woodberry and Dr. Wright.
In addition to the above course, required of all students, the following
elective course is offered in the Department of Surgery:
Surgical Pathology.—An optional course. Two hours weekly during
one-half the session. This course is intended to supplement the general
courses in pathology and surgery and consists of lectures upon the pathology
of surgical lesions, demonstrations of fresh tissues obtained from the
operating rooms, and examination of microscopic sections. The student
reviews pathological technique and frozen section work is emphasized.
Omitted, 1918-1919. Dr. Goodwin.
Clinical Pathological Conferences.—One hour weekly is assigned for
the study of pathologic material in connection with the clinical aspects of
cases coming to autopsy. A history of the case is presented by the student
in charge, the autopsy is reviewed, the tissue and microscopic sections
are examined, and all the information thus derived is collated and contrasted.
Omitted, 1918-1919. Dr. Marshall.
Obstetrics.—The student attends, under the guidance of an instructor,
the labor cases in the hospital, and is required to prepare the history of
patients and to follow up the cases through the puerperium. Instruction
is also given in the care of the new-born. In addition the student has the
opportunity of attending patients in the out-patient department, and each
student is expected to attend at least six cases of labor. Dr. Macon.
Forensic Medicine.—One lecture weekly during one term of the fourth
year. Dr. Waddell.
Diseases of the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat.—Two lectures weekly during
the first two terms, supplemented by regular two- to three-hour clinics twice
weekly throughout the session and clinical lectures to sections of the class as
suitable cases occur. The class is divided into small sections and each student
is taught the methods of examination and the use of the ophthalmoscope,
head mirror, and of the laryngeal and post-nasal mirrors. In the
clinics each patient is assigned to a student, who must take the history and
keep the record of that patient; the case is then demonstrated by the professor
in charge, and, if possible, each student makes his own examination
under the personal supervision of the attending physician. Clinical cases
are abundant, and during the year the student sees and handles practically
all the common diseases of the eye, ear and upper respiratory tract. Dr.
Hedges and Dr. Compton.
Hygiene.—One hour weekly throughout the session, and thirteen additional
hours in the second term. The course begins with a historical sketch
of the developments of preventive medicine, including short biographical
sketches of the pioneers of hygiene. With this introduction the story of
the natural history of contagious and infectious diseases, modes of propagation
and methods of prevention engage the attention of the student.
With this preparation, the chemical and bacteriological contamination of
food, water, air and soil is made an important study. Instruction is also
begun in the proper location and construction of habitations, hospitals,
schoolhouses, etc., with special reference to the modern methods of heating,
ventilating and draining. Notice is taken of the special relations involved
in military and naval hygiene. Dr. Lambeth.
FACILITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH.
The Department of Medicine not only fosters in its methods of instruction
the inductive study by the student himself of the phenomena presented
by the human body in health and disease, but also encourages the
spirit of investigation of unsolved problems of medical science and practice
on the part of the instructors and students. During the past few years
there have appeared annually a number of papers from its laboratories
embodying the results of such investigations, and it is the policy of the department
to enlarge this feature of its work in the future. Students are encouraged
to engage in research as they are prepared for it, usually assisting
an instructor in some special study or else conducting the research
under his guidance and advice. For this purpose the scientific and clinical
laboratories offer the necessary facilities, and heads of departments will
always be glad to suggest and outline problems for investigation by any
medical student or by others possessing the necessary training therefor.
THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOSPITAL.
Hospital Board: Drs. Hough, Davis, Watts, Hedges, Macon, Marshall,
Compton, Flippin, Goodwin, Bray, Neff.
Visiting Staff: Drs. Davis, Watts, Hedges, Macon, Compton, Flippin,
Goodwin, Bray, Neff, Woodberry, Wright, Daniel, Magruder, Nelson,
Rea.
Daniel Burbridge Yancey,
Superintendent of the Hospital.
Hunter Samuel Woodberry, B.A., M.D.,
House Surgeon.
Dudley Crofford Smith, B.S., M.D.,
House Physician.
Joseph Lee Wright, M.D.,
Assistant House Surgeon and Roentgenologist.
Wesley Leighton Williams, M.D.,
Interne.
George Breaker Setzler, B.A., M.D.,
Interne.
William Henry Turner, Jr., M.D.,
Interne.
Isaac Alexander Bigger, Jr.,
Interne.
Edward Reginald Hipp, B.A., M.D.,
Interne.
James William Hinton,
Interne.
David Cole Wilson, B.A.,
Interne.
Beverly Chew Smith, B.A.,
Interne.
[6]
Margaret Cowling,
Superintendent of Nurses.
Isabel Craig Anderson,
Acting Superintendent of Nurses.
Leliah Maude Mismer,
Assistant Superintendent.
Ada Wilton,
Night Superintendent.
Tabitha S. Grier,
In Charge of Operating Room.
Mrs. G. G. Montague,
Dietitian.
Harry Taylor Marshall, B.A., M.D.,
Pathologist.
Irwin William Barrett,
Pharmacist.
The hospital is the property of the University and is under the exclusive
control of its Medical Faculty. It was designed and is administered
as a teaching hospital, being so arranged that free use can be made of its
clinical material without in any way disturbing or violating the privacy of
other patients.
The buildings are arranged upon the pavilion system, consisting of a
central structure, four stories in height, to which have been added up to
the present time three additional units of three stories each. The central
building is largely devoted to administrative purposes and general service
departments, but also contains an amphitheater and suite of private operating
rooms, sterilizing and anesthetizing rooms. The three pavilions are
connected with the main building by corridors on each floor. In these are
located the wards and suites of rooms for private patients. As at present
constituted, the hospital has a capacity of about 200 beds; of these, upwards
of 160 are available and used for clinical teaching.
The recently completed north pavilion contains, in addition to quarters
for ward and private patients, on the first floor, a specially designed series
of laboratory rooms, which have been equipped with new and modern furnishings
and apparatus throughout. The basement floor is devoted in large
part to the Out-Patient Department of the Hospital. Here separate waiting
rooms for white and colored patients are provided, examining rooms
for medical cases, operating rooms for minor surgery, specially equipped
rooms for genito-urinary and orthopedic surgery and for the treatment of
diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. On the same floor is the Roentgen
Ray Department of the hospital.
Attention is particularly called to the fact that the hospital, with its
associated Out-Patient Department, constitutes a most valuable adjunct to
the teaching facilities of the Department of Medicine. The size of the
clinic permits the presentation of a wide variety of cases, and the organization
of the hospital as an integral part of the Medical Department affords
exceptional facilities for thorough study of the individual case.
The location of the University Hospital is a most favorable one, being
situated at the intersection of two great railway trunk lines near the geographical
center of the State. A large population outside of the city of
Charlottesville is available as a source of clinical material, both in the
wards and the Out-Patient Department. The hospital is thus enabled to
serve a large area of the State, and the transportation facilities are such
that this service includes a progressively increasing number of emergency
cases and cases of acute illness.
THE OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT.
CLINICAL INSTRUCTORS.
Dr. Flippin, Chief of Staff.
Dr. Daniel.
Dr. Hedges.
Dr. Goodwin.
Dr. Compton.
Dr. Nelson.
Dr. Rea.
Dr. Neff.
Dr. Woodberry.
Dr. Wright.
Commodious and well-equipped quarters for the treatment of ambulant
cases are provided in the north pavilion of the hospital, and the service is
conducted under the direct personal supervision of members of the teaching
staff of the Medical Department. Clinics are held three times a week
for general medical, surgical and genito-urinary diseases, which are attended
by students of the third year; and twice weekly for the diseases of
the eye, ear, nose and throat, attended by students of the fourth year.
The character of the equipment of this department and its location in
the hospital make possible the use of most advanced methods in the diagnosis
and treatment of cases, and the systematic and thorough examination
of each case is thus emphasized at the very outset of the student's clinical
experience.
An out-patient obstetrical service, and provision for attendance in the
home of certain cases of illness by the student, under the supervision of an
instructor, are a part of the organization of this department.
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOSPITAL TRAINING SCHOOL
FOR NURSES.
A training school for nurses is conducted in connection with the hospital.
Full information regarding requirements for admission, and the
course of instruction may be obtained by addressing the superintendent of
nurses.
| The University of Virginia record March 1, 1919 | |